JPS63191530A - Working for workpiece on complex working machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To turn a work with high working precision even if a main turning component force acts in the direction of Y-axis, by positioning a tool at a turning position in turning working and carrying out turning, restraining the shift in the direction of Y-axis, and carrying out working, releasing said restraint in the working in the direction of Y-axis. CONSTITUTION:When turning work is carried out, a tool 17 is positioned at a turning position SP by a clamp device 9 and turning is carried out, restraining the shift of a tool positioner 2 in the direction of arrow AB in this state, and in the working in which the tool 17 shifts in the direction of arrow AB, working is performed, releasing the restraint of the tool positioner 2. Since turning work is carried out in the state where the shift of the tool positioner 2 in the direction of arrow AB is restrained, the tool positioner is effectively prevented from being vibrated, even if the main turning component force in the direction of arrow AB acts through the tool 17, and a work 21 can he turning-worked with high working precision.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to complex machining in which a workpiece held in a chuck can be machined by moving a tool in the three-axis directions of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. Concerning methods of machining workpieces with machine tools.

(b), Conventional technology Conventionally, when turning a workpiece on a lathe,
A workpiece is held in a chuck attached to the main spindle, and a tool positioning device such as a tool post with a tool attached to the workpiece is moved appropriately in two axes directions, the X-axis and the Z-axis, which are orthogonal to each other. was being carried out. However, recently, machine tools (hereinafter referred to as multi-tasking machines) are equipped with tool positioning devices that can be moved not only in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, but also in the Y-axis direction, which is perpendicular to the x- and Z-axes. It is called a machine tool.

) is being used to perform processing such as milling, which involves moving the tool in the Y-axis direction during cutting, in addition to turning.

(C) 6 Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when turning a workpiece using such a multi-tasking machine tool, the main component of cutting force acts on the tool positioning device in the Y-axis direction via the tool. It happens. However, unlike conventional lathes, this tool positioning device is configured to move in the Y-axis direction, so it is prone to vibration during single-layer cutting, etc.
There is a risk that the machining accuracy of the workpiece will decrease.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a method for machining a workpiece in a multi-tasking machine tool that can turn the workpiece with good machining sensitivity even when the principal cutting force acts in the Y-axis direction. The purpose is to provide

(d) Means for solving the 0 layer point, that is, 1. In the present invention, when turning, the workpiece (21) is held by the workpiece holding means (2o) and the tool (7) is held by the workpiece holding means (2o). The tool positioning means (2) equipped with the tool positioning means (2) is moved and driven to position the front raising tool (17) at the turning position (sp), and in this state, the tool positioning means (2) is moved in the °YY axis direction. When the tool (17) is to be turned while being restrained, and the tool (17) is to be moved in the Y-axis direction, the tool positioning means (2) is released from the restraint and the machining is performed.

Note that the numbers in parentheses are for convenience and indicate corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore, this description is not limited to the descriptions on the drawings. r (e) below
The same applies to the column ``, action''.

(e) 0 effect With the above-described configuration, the present invention is capable of restricting movement of the tool positioning means (2) in the Y-axis direction when performing turning processing, with the tool (17) positioned at the turning position (sp). Further, when performing machining in which the tool (17) moves in the Y-axis direction, the tool positioning means (2) acts to release the restraint.

(f), Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a multi-tasking machine tool to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a clamping device installed in the multitasking machine tool shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another example of the clamping device, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another example of the clamping device. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a vertical multi-tasking machine tool to which an embodiment is applied.

As shown in FIG. 1, the multi-tasking machine tool 1 has a cover 2.
It has a base IA covered by 5 and a tool positioning device 2 on the base IA.

Direction perpendicular to the paper surface (i.e. Z-axis direction) in the figure, arrows A and B
direction (i.e. Y @ force direction and arrow C, D direction (i.e. X
It is provided so that it can be freely moved and driven in three axial directions (the axial direction).

The tool positioning device 2 has a carriage 3 and a tool rest 6, and the carriage 3 is provided on the base IA in a manner that it can be freely moved and driven in the Z-axis direction. A plurality of rail support members 7 constituting the guide member 5 are attached to both left and right ends of the carriage 3A in the figure, and a main body constituting the tool rest 6 is mounted above the rail support members 7 in the figure. 6a is supported so as to be movable in the A and B directions (Y-axis direction) via rails 5a, 5a constituting the guide member 5 attached to the lower end 6c in the figure. In addition, the tool rest 6 is
The tool holder 6b is supported by the main body 6a so as to be movable in the C and D directions (X4i111 directions), and a tool 17 such as a cutting tool can be freely attached and detached from the lower end of the tool holder 6b in the figure. By the way, a clamp device 9 is installed between the main body 6a and the carriage 3, and the clamp device 9 has a cylinder 11 as shown in FIG. . cylinder 1
1, a piston 12 is fitted in a manner that can freely slide in the directions of arrows C and D (X-axis direction), and a lock pin 13 is fitted on the lower surface of the piston 12 in the directions of arrows C and D ( It is fixed in a slidable manner. An engaging portion 13a is formed at the lower end of the lock bin 130 in the figure, and the cylinder 11
Oil chambers 15a are provided at the upper and lower parts of the figure, respectively, partitioned by the piston 12.

15b is formed. Furthermore, an oil supply pipe 16a is provided at the upper end of the cylinder 11 in the figure, with one end thereof opening into the oil chamber 15a, and a hydraulic pump (not shown) is connected to the other end of the oil supply pipe 16a. ing. Further, at the lower end of the cylinder 11 in the figure, an oil supply pipe 16b is connected to an oil chamber 15b.
The oil supply pipe 1 is provided with one end open.
A hydraulic pump (not shown) is connected to the other end of 6b.

Further, on the upper surface 3E of the carriage 3, an engagement hole 9b constituting the clamp device 9 is provided in a shape indicated by the arrow C, so that it can face the lock bin 13 when the tool 17 shown in FIG. 1 is positioned at the turning position SP. It is drilled in the D direction. Note that the turning position JSP here refers to the Y coordinate of the cutting edge 17a of the tool 17 (
However, the origin is a position corresponding to the rotation center CTI of the chuck 2o, which will be described later. ) is the position where the value becomes zero.

Furthermore, the base IA has a headstock 1 as shown in FIG.
9 is provided, and a chuck 20 attached to the main shaft (not shown) is provided at the main shaft joint 19, and a chuck 20 attached to the main shaft (not shown) is centered at the rotation center C, which is a horizontal axis.
It is attached so that it can rotate freely around the TI in the direction of arrow E or F. Note that the chuck 20 holds a workpiece 21, and the base IA is further provided with a tailstock 26 facing the headstock 19.

Since the multi-tasking machine tool 1 has one or more configurations, in order to turn a workpiece using the multi-tasking machine tool, the workpiece 21 to be machined must be turned as shown in FIG.
Hold it in chuck 2o.

Next, in this state, the tool rest 6 on which the turning tool 17 is mounted is moved and driven as appropriate in the A and B directions (Y-axis direction) to position the tool 17 at the turning position SP. By driving a hydraulic pump (not shown) in this state, the oil chamber 15 is supplied via the oil supply pipe 16a shown in FIG.
Supply pressure oil to a. Then.

The piston 12 slides in the direction of the arrow while being pushed by the supplied pressure oil. Then, the lock bin 13 protrudes in the D direction, and its engaging portion 13a fits into the engaging hole 9b, and as a result, the movement of the tool rest 6 in the A and B directions (Y-axis direction) is restricted by the clamp device 9. be done.

In this way, the turret rest 6 is restrained.

The chuck 20 is rotated together with the workpiece 21 in the direction of arrow E in FIG. The workpiece 21 is turned by moving it in a certain Z-axis direction. Then, a principal cutting force in the direction of arrow B, that is, in the positive direction of the Y axis, acts on the tool 17 as the workpiece 21 is cut, and the main cutting force presses the tool post 6 in the positive direction of YIII. . However, the tool rest 6 has a clamping device 9
Since the movement in the A and B directions (Y-axis direction) is restrained by , vibrations harmful to machining will not occur even during heavy cutting.

Next, in order to perform processing such as milling on the workpiece 21 in which the tool 17 moves in the direction of arrows A and B, which is the Y-axis direction, it is necessary to make the tool rest 6 movable in the Y-axis direction. be. Therefore, when turning is performed before the machining, first drain the pressure oil filled in the oil chamber 15a shown in FIG. supply to. Then, the piston 12 moves in the C direction by the supplied pressure oil, and the lock pin 1
3 is pulled out upward in the drawing from the engagement hole 0b and returns to the standby position shown by the solid line in Fig. 1. As a result, the restraint of the tool rest 6 in the direction of the arrow AB, which is the Y-axis direction, is released. In this state, a tool 17 such as an end mill is attached to the tool rest 6, and the workpiece 21 is moved by moving the tool rest 6 appropriately in the Y-axis direction.
Process.

In addition, the clamp means is used in the one-piece embodiment.

Although the case has been described in which the clamping device 9 is used, the clamping means is used to restrain movement of the tool positioning device 2 in the Y-axis direction (direction of arrows A and B) while the tool 17 is positioned at the turning position [SP]. Any configuration may be used as long as the clamping means can be configured as follows.
It can also be configured by A. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the same parts as those described are given the same reference numerals, and the explanation of those parts will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the clamp group [9A is provided in a built-in manner in the rail support member 7, and the rail support member 7 has a clamp on the outer side surface 7a-7a and the inner side surface 7b, 7b in the figure, respectively. Sliding grooves 7c, 7c and grooves 7d, 7d are formed extending in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing (ie, in the direction of arrows A and B). A clamper 27 is fitted into each of the matching grooves 7d so as to be movable in the directions of arrows G and H, and a ramp surface 27a having a large coefficient of friction is formed on the side surface of the clamper 27 facing the rail 5b. There is.

The clamper 27 also includes a plurality of piston rods 29.
are fixed at predetermined intervals in the A and B directions, and these piston rods 29 are fixed in the G and H directions, respectively, into a plurality of holes 7e bored in a manner that communicates the sliding groove 7cm groove 7d. It is fitted in a slidable manner. Further, a piston plate 30 fitted into the sliding groove 7c so as to be freely slidable in the G and H directions is fixed to the piston opening and the Rad 29, and between the piston plate 30 and the sliding groove 7c , a plurality of springs 31 are contracted to cover the periphery of each piston rod 29, respectively. In addition.

The clamper 27 is always urged in the direction of arrow G by these springs 31 via the piston plate 30 and each piston rod 29.

On the other hand, M32 is formed on the outer surface 7a of the rail support member 7.
Sliding? i! It is installed to block J7C and is 1M3
2 and the piston plate 30 in the sliding groove 7c,
An oil chamber 33 is formed. Further, an oil supply pipe 35 is connected to the lid 32 with one end thereof opening into the oil chamber 33, and a hydraulic pump (not shown) is connected to the other end of the oil supply pipe 35.

In order to turn the workpiece 21 mounted on the chuck 20 using the clamp group a9A, the tool rest 6 mounted with the tool 17 is moved and driven as appropriate.

The tool 17 is positioned at the turning position SP. Next, in this state, movement of the tool rest 6 in the Y-axis direction (in the direction of arrows A and B) is restrained by operating the clamp device 19A. To do this, first, a hydraulic pump (not shown) is driven to supply pressure oil to the oil chamber 33 shown in FIG.
5. Then, the pressure oil supplied into the oil tank 33 moves the clamper 27 against the elasticity of the spring 31 to the piston plate 30 and each piston rod 2.
9 in the H direction to press the clamp surface 27a against the rail 5b. Then, since the clamping surface 27a has a large friction coefficient, the tool rest 6 moves in the Y-axis direction (arrow A,
B direction) is restricted. In this state, the workpiece 21 is turned by the tool 17.

Next, in order to perform processing (for example, milling) in which the tool 17 moves in the Y-axis direction (arrows A and B directions) on the workpiece 21 using the clamping device 9A, the Y
When axial movement is restricted, it is necessary to release the restriction.

To do this, first, the pressure oil filled in the oil chamber 33 is drained. Then, the piston plate 30 slides in the G direction together with each piston rod 29 in accordance with the elasticity of the spring 31, and the clamper 2 is moved through each piston rod 29.
7 also moves in the G direction.

Therefore, the clamp surface 27a moves a predetermined distance in the G direction away from the rail 5b, and as a result, the restraint of the tool rest 6 in the Y-axis direction (arrows A and B direction) is released. In this state, processing such as milling is performed on the workpiece 21.

In addition, in this embodiment, the machining method is performed when the multitasking machine tool 1 is a horizontal type, that is, when the chuck 2o is rotatably mounted in the direction of arrow E or F around the rotation center CTI, which is a horizontal axis. As mentioned above, if the multi-tasking machine machinist is vertical.

That is, a processing method will be described in which the chuck 20 is mounted so as to be rotatable in the direction of the arrow K or J around the rotation center CT2, which is a vertical axis, as shown in FIG. Incidentally, the same parts as those explained in FIGS. 1 to 3 are given the same reference numerals, and the explanation of the parts will be omitted.

The vertical multi-tasking machine tool 1 has a base IA, as shown in the 4th m, and a guide member 2 is mounted on the base 1A.
The two rails 23b, 23b constituting 3 are provided in parallel in the direction of the arrow M, which is the Y-axis direction.
On the rails 23b, 23b, the carriage 3 constituting the tool positioning device 2 is attached to a plurality of rail support members 23C constituting the guide member 23 attached to the lower end 3F in the figure.
A clamp device 9 is provided between the carriage 3 and the base IA so that it can be freely moved and driven in the Y-axis direction.
is installed.

That is, the cylinder 11 shown in FIG. 2 is attached to the lower end 3F of the carriage 3 via the support member 10, and an engagement hole 〇b is formed on the base 1A so that the tool rest 6 is attached. The hole is bored in such a way that it can face the lock pin 13 when the tool 17 is positioned at the turning position SP. Further, as shown in FIG.
The tool holder 6b is provided on the main body 6a so as to be movable and driveable in the direction of the arrow R1S, which is the Z-axis direction.

When turning a workpiece (not shown) held by the chuck 20 by a vertical multi-tasking machine machinist,
By appropriately moving the carriage 3 in the Y direction (arrow direction, M direction), the tool 17 is positioned at the turning position SP, as shown in FIG. In that state, the clamp device 9
(See FIG. 2) is operated to fit the lock pin 1°3 into the engagement hole 9b, thereby restraining movement of the carriage 3 in the Y-axis direction. In this state, the chuck 20 is rotated in the direction, and the tool rest 6 is moved together with the tool 17 by a predetermined amount in the S or R direction to turn the workpiece. Note that even if the main cutting force in the Y-axis direction (arrow direction, M direction) acts on the carriage 3 through the tool 17 and the tool rest 6 during this machining, the carriage 3 will not move in the Y-axis direction. Since it is restrained, vibration is less likely to occur.

Next, in order to perform processing such as milling on the workpiece in which the tool 17 moves in the Y-axis direction, the clamping device 9 (
(see Fig. 2), the engaging portion 1 of the lock pin 13
3a upwardly in the figure from the engagement hole 9b to release the restraint of the carriage 3. In that state, move carriage 3 to Y
Process the workpiece by moving it appropriately in the axial direction.

In addition, in the embodiment described above, in order to restrain the movement of the carriage 3 in the Y-axis direction, the carriage 3 and the base I
Although the case where the clamp device 9 is installed between A and A has been described, it goes without saying that the clamp device 9A (see Fig. 3) may be installed in place of the clamp device 9 by being built into the rail support member 23c. be.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a case was described in which turning was performed with the tool 17 positioned and fixed at the turning position SP. However, when the clamp device 9A is used as the clamping means, the fixed position of the tool 17 is can be slightly corrected in the positive and negative directions of the Y axis from the turning position SP, and turning can be performed in that state.1 For example, when machining is performed using a parting bit as the tool 17, the If the fixing position is corrected so that it is slightly shifted in the direction of the arrow from the turning position @SP, and machining is performed in that state, the occurrence of chatter can be effectively prevented.

(g) Effects of the invention As explained above, according to the present invention, when turning, the workpiece 21 is held by the workpiece holding means such as the chuck 20, and the tool 17 mounted thereon is positioned. The tool positioning means such as the device 2 is moved and driven to position the tool 17 at the turning position [SP, and in that state,
Turning is performed by restricting movement of the tool positioning means in the Y-axis direction.

In addition, when performing machining in which the tool 17 moves in the Y@force direction, the constraint of the tool positioning means is released and machining is performed, so that the tool positioning means cannot be moved in the Y-axis direction. By turning in a restrained state,
Even if the main cutting force in the Y-axis direction acts through the tool 17, vibration of the tool positioning means can be effectively prevented, and the workpiece 21 can be turned with high accuracy. becomes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view showing an example of a multi-tasking machine tool to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and Fig. 2 shows a clamping device attached to the multi-tasking machine tool shown in Figs. 1 and 4. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the clamp device. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a vertical multi-tasking machine tool to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. 1... Multi-tasking machine tool 2... Tool positioning means (tool positioning device)
17... Tool 20... Work holding means (chuck) 21...
...Work sp...Turning position Applicant Yamazaki Mazak Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Phase 1) Shinji (and 2 others)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] The workpiece holding means is rotatably provided, and the tool positioning means is arranged with respect to the workpiece holding means along the X-axis, the Z-axis, and the X-axis and the Z-axis, which are orthogonal to each other.
In a multi-tasking machine tool that is installed to be movable and driveable in three axes including the Y axis perpendicular to the axis, when turning, the workpiece is held by the workpiece holding means and a tool is attached. The tool positioning means is moved and driven to position the tool at a turning position, and in this state, movement of the tool positioning means in the Y-axis direction is restrained to perform turning, and the tool is moved in the Y-axis direction. A method for machining a workpiece in a multi-tasking machine tool, wherein when performing moving machining, the machining is performed by releasing the constraint of the tool positioning means.