JPS63169454A - Chemical heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides an absorbent that absorbs heat as vapor is released by heating and also generates heat as the vapor is absorbed, in an absorber/generator. A heating device for releasing steam, a heat recovery section for receiving heat, and an evaporator/condenser for delivering the steam are provided, and the evaporator/condenser has a condensing chamber communicating with the absorption/generator. The present invention relates to a chemical heat pump in which an evaporation chamber is connected to the condensing chamber by a condensed water flow path and a vapor rise flow path, and an automatic on-off valve is provided in the flow path, and more specifically, it relates to an improvement in the automatic on-off valve.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, to form the above-mentioned automatic opening/closing valve, a known gate valve (V) is connected to a condensing chamber (2a) and an evaporating chamber (2a), as shown in FIG.
The valve stem (24) is inserted in the flow path (2b) between the gate valves (V) and penetrates through the valve body (23) of the gate valve (V).
The opening/closing drive device (25) provided on the outside of the drive device (2) is interlocked, and the drive device (2
5) is automatically operated, and the gate valve (
V) is closed, and when absorbent absorbs vapor, the gate valve (V) is closed.
) was configured to open.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in chemical heat pumps, various salts that produce hydrates are used as absorbents, such as CaC12, CaBr,
In addition to using hygroscopic agents such as , LiCf, LiBr, and CaSO4, silica gel, and zeolite, the absorber/generator and evaporator/condenser must be formed at a high degree of vacuum. There was room for improvement in ensuring stable operation over a long period of time in extremely reliable conditions, and there was also room for improvement in terms of equipment costs.

In other words, the penetration part of the valve stem (24) into the valve body (23) is sealed with a gasket, but it is extremely difficult to completely prevent vacuum leakage over a long period of time with a gasket. There was a risk that the heat pump performance would gradually deteriorate due to the drop in temperature.

Further, automatic operation equipment such as a drive device (25) and an automatic controller (26) were expensive.

An object of the present invention is to improve an automatic opening/closing valve so that it can maintain a completely high degree of vacuum over a long period of time and is advantageous in terms of equipment costs.

[Means for solving problems]

The characteristic configuration of the present invention is 1. To form an automatic opening/closing valve, a shape memory alloy that restores its memorized shape when heated and closes the valve body is placed closer to the condensation chamber than the valve body, thereby controlling the flow of condensed water between the condensation chamber and the steam chamber. A shape memory alloy temperature control water reservoir is provided inside the lower and steam rising channel and the condensing chamber to collect a part of the condensed water generated in the condensing chamber in contact with the shape memory alloy. , a biasing means for opening the valve body and deforming the shape memory alloy as the shape memory alloy is cooled is provided inside the flow path, the evaporation chamber, and the condensation chamber; The effects are as follows.

[For production]

In other words, the steam generated by heating the absorbent with the heat-carrying fluid comes into contact with the shape memory alloy and condenses, and the condensed water generated in the condensation chamber flows into the water reservoir. The memory alloy attempts to restore its memorized shape, and its restoring force closes the valve body.

Then, when the absorbent is cooled by the heat transport fluid, the pressure in the condensation chamber decreases due to vapor absorption by the absorbent, the condensed water in the water reservoir evaporates, and the shape memory alloy loses its restoring force due to cooling.
The valve body is opened by the biasing means, thereby automatically closing the valve when the absorbent vapor is released and opening the valve when the absorbent absorbs vapor as specified.

In addition, since the shape memory alloy and the biasing means are arranged internally, it is possible to eliminate the penetration part of the case that forms the condensation chamber, flow path, and evaporation chamber in the operation system of the valve body. It is possible to completely eliminate the decrease in the degree of internal vacuum caused by leakage over a long period of time, and it is possible to reliably maintain good heat pump performance.

Furthermore, the operating system for the valve body has a simple structure consisting of only a shape memory alloy and a biasing means, and the equipment cost is sufficiently lower than that of the prior art described above.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As a result, it has become possible to provide an excellent chemical heat pump that has even better performance and can significantly reduce equipment costs.

〔Example〕

Next, an embodiment will be shown with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

As shown in Fig. 1, there is an absorber/generator (1) containing an absorbent (1a) that absorbs heat as it releases steam due to heating and generates heat as it absorbs the vapor; ) The evaporator/condenser (2) that transfers steam between the two is formed by a heat-insulating case (3).

In the evaporator/condenser (2), there is a condensation chamber (2a) that communicates with the absorption/generator (1), and a condensation chamber (2a) connected to the condensation chamber (2a) by a condensed water flow downstream/steam ascending channel (2b). Evaporation chamber (
2c), and an automatic on-off valve (V) is provided in the flow path (2c), and the automatic on-off valve (V) is formed as follows.

In other words, as shown in Fig. 3, the valve seat (13) is
3) and extend vertically from the valve body (14) to the upper and lower guides (16a) and (16b) attached to the case (3) so that they can move vertically separately. The upper guide (16a) and the valve body (14) are fitted with a coil spring-like shape memory alloy (17) that restores its memorized shape as the temperature rises and closes the valve body (14).
The valve seat (13) and the valve body (14) are disposed in the flow path (2b) and are located closer to the condensing chamber (2a) than the valve seat (13) and the valve body (14). The condensed water generated in the shape memory alloy (17) and a part of the condensed water generated in the condensation chamber (2a) are transferred to the shape memory alloy (1).
A shape-memory alloy temperature control water reservoir (18) that collects water in contact with the cylindrical part (18) attached to the upper surface of the valve body (14)
19). As the shape memory alloy (17) cools, the valve body (14) opens and the shape memory alloy (17)
A coil spring (20) is provided across the lower guide (16b) and the valve body (14) to deform the shape memory alloy (17) and the water reservoir (1).
8), the shape memory alloy (17) expands against the spring (22) due to heating.
When the valve body (14) is automatically closed and the condensed water in the water reservoir (18) evaporates, the shape memory alloy (
17) is cooled and the valve body (
14) is configured to open automatically, and the automatic on-off valve (V) is entirely housed in the flow path (2b).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, a heat exchanger (7A) for heating the water stored in the hot water storage tank (6) connected to the water supply pipe (4) and the hot water outlet pipe (5) is installed. (7B) is provided,
A pump (with a flow channel (9) with PO is provided) that circulates the heat transfer fluid between the absorber/generator (1) and the heating device (8) or the heat exchanger for heating the stored water (7B), and the condensation chamber (2a)
and a heat exchanger (7^) for heating stored water, and a flow path (11) equipped with a pump (PG) for circulating heat transfer fluid is provided,
A flow path (21) with a pump (P, ) that circulates a heat transfer fluid across the evaporation chamber (2c) and the heat input heat exchanger (10)
is provided. In addition, valves (12a) and (12b) are provided to selectively connect the absorber/generator (1) to the heat exchanger (7B) for heating the stored water and the bypass flow path (22). This is a chemical heat pump that heats water in a hot water tank (6) by selectively displaying a heating state and alternately repeating both states.

(B) Heat storage state [See Figure 2 (B)] Close the valve (12a) and open the valve (12b) to turn on the heating device (
8) is supplied to the absorber-generator (1), the absorbent (1a) of the absorber-generator (1) is heated by the heat-transfer fluid, and steam is generated from the absorbent (1a). is released and the vapor flows into the condensing chamber (2a). At the same time, the low temperature heat transfer fluid from the heat exchanger (7A) for heating the stored water is supplied to the condensation chamber (2a), and in the condensation chamber (2a), the steam is cooled and condensed by the heat transfer fluid. The heat heats the heat transfer fluid. Then, the heated heat transfer fluid is supplied to the stored water heating heat exchanger (7A),
The water in the hot water storage tank (6) is heated by the heat transfer fluid.

When the shape memory alloy (17) is heated by the steam contacting the shape memory alloy (17) and the condensed water flowing into the water reservoir (18), the shape memory alloy (17) changes into a memorized shape. The valve body (14) is closed after stretching to restore its original state.
Most of the condensed water is collected around the valve body (14).

In addition, the electric fan and pump (P) of the heat input heat exchanger (10)
, ) has stopped.

(2)) Heating state [see Figure 2 (b)] Open the valve (12a), close the valve (12b), and heat exchanger (7) for heating the stored water.
The low temperature heat transfer fluid from B) is supplied to the absorber-generator (1), cools the absorbent (1a), absorbs vapor in the absorbent (1a), and condenses with the absorber-generator (1). Reduce the pressure in chamber (2a).

Then, the condensed water in the water reservoir (18) evaporates, the shape memory alloy (17) is cooled by the heat of vaporization and loses its restoring force, and the valve body (14) is pushed up and opened by the spring (20). The condensed water stored around the valve body (14) flows down into the evaporation chamber (2c).

In the heat input heat exchanger (10), a heat transfer fluid that has taken in heat from the outside is supplied to the evaporation chamber (2c).
) is heated by a heat-carrying fluid to generate steam, and the steam flows into the absorber/generator (1), where it is placed in the evaporation chamber (2c).
At the same time, the absorbent (1a) absorbs the steam from
6) heating the water within with a heat transfer fluid;

Note that the pump (P2) is stopped.

[Another example]

Next, another embodiment will be described.

Instead of the hot water storage tank (6), a heating heat exchanger for space heating or the like may be provided, and these are collectively referred to as a heat recovery section (6).

The heating type of the heating device (8) can be changed in various configurations, and the form of energy supplied to the heating device (8) can also be city gas, liquid fuel, solar heat, or waste heat. Various methods can be used.

A structure for transporting heat between the absorber/generator (1) and the heating device (8) or the heat recovery section (6), and the evaporation chamber (2c).
) and heat input heat exchanger (10), or condensation chamber (2a
) and the heat recovery section (6) can be modified in various ways.

As shown in Fig. 4, the valve body (14) is placed closer to the evaporation chamber (2c) than the valve seat (13), and the coil spring compresses to restore the shape memory alloy (17) to its memorized shape when heated. The valve body (14) may be formed in a shape such that the valve body (14) is opened by the gravity of the valve body (14), and the shape memory alloy (17) is also deformed.

Further, the shape, material, etc. of the shape memory alloy (17) can be selected as appropriate, and the shape memory alloy (17) may be arranged within the condensation chamber (2a).

Also, biasing means (2) for opening the valve, such as springs and weights,
0) can be changed as appropriate in the specific structure, and the urging means (20) may be disposed within the evaporation chamber (2c) or the condensation chamber (2a).

Incidentally, although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenient comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 show embodiments of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is an overall conceptual diagram, FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partial conceptual diagram of the conventional system. (1)...Absorber and generator, (1a)...
・Absorbent, (2)...Evaporator and condenser, (2a)
...Condensation chamber, (2b) ...Flow path, (2
c)...Evaporation chamber, (6)...Heat recovery section, (8)...Heating device, (14)...
Valve body, (17)... Shape memory alloy, (18).
...Water reservoir part, (20) ...Biasing means,
(V)・・・Automatic opening/closing valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] An absorbent (1a) that absorbs heat as vapor is released due to heating and generates heat as vapor is absorbed is provided in the absorber/generator (1), and a A heating device (8), a heat recovery section (6) that receives heat, and an evaporator/condenser (2) that transfers steam are provided, and in the evaporator/condenser (2), the absorber/generator (1) a condensation chamber (2a) communicating with the evaporation chamber (2a) connected to the condensation chamber (2a) by a flow path (2b) for both condensed water flow and steam rise;
c), and an automatic on-off valve (V) is provided in the flow path (2b), the chemical heat pump comprising:
To form the valve body (1), the valve body (1
4), and the shape memory alloy (17) that closes the valve body (14).
) is arranged closer to the condensing chamber (2a) than the flow path (2a).
b) or inside the condensing chamber (2a),
A part of the condensed water generated in step 2a) is transferred to the shape memory alloy (1).
A shape memory alloy temperature regulating water reservoir (18) is formed to collect water in contact with the shape memory alloy (17), and as the shape memory alloy (17) is cooled, the valve body (14) is opened and the shape memory alloy (17) is cooled. ) is applied to the biasing means (20) for deforming the flow path (
2b), a chemical heat pump provided inside the evaporation chamber (2c), and the condensation chamber (2a).