JPS63163140A - Cylinder lubrication evaluator for piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable evaluation of sliding condition between a cylinder liner and a piston cylinder during actual operation, by building up a part of the cylinder liner serving as a desired ultrasonic wave path out of a material with a better ultrasonic transmissivity. CONSTITUTION:A material 31 with a better untrasonic transmissivity such as steel is inserted securely into a cylinderliner 3 made of cast iron to be molded and wrought as one-piece cylinder liner. Then, ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving elements 71 and 81 are mounted on the portion of the material 31, an ultrasonic wave is beamed through the inner surface of the cylinder toward a sliding surface from the transmitting element 71 and the ultrasonic wave reflected from the sliding surface is received with the receiving element 81. Unlike the cylinder made of the cast ion only, the better ultrasonic transmissivity thereof achieves a higher ultrasonic detection accuracy, thereby facilitating the evaluation of lubricating condition of the sliding surface. It also should be noted that tapering in the shape of the material as illustrated can reduce effect of delayed echoes reflected back from the circumferential surface thereof, thereby allowing further improvement in the accuracy.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to reciprocating or rotary piston engines (internal combustion engines,
The present invention relates to a cylinder lubrication evaluation device that evaluates the lubrication state of a cylinder, a piston, and a piston cylinder in a compressor, etc.

[Conventional technology]

In order to determine the lubrication state of the cylinder, piston, and piston ring of a diesel engine, the temperature is conventionally measured with a thermocouple embedded in the cylinder liner, and the lubrication state of the sliding movement is determined from the change in litchi temperature, and the operating conditions are controlled. By controlling the amount of lubricant supplied, serious accidents and breakdowns can be prevented.

By the way, in the case of this method, the temperature generally has poor responsiveness, changes due to changes in engine load, etc., and is not sensitive enough to judge whether the boundary slope between the cylinder liner and the piston ring is good or not, or the amount of wear. . For this reason,
With the conventional methods described above, it is difficult to evaluate reduction in wear amount, reduction in lubricant amount, optimization, etc.

Therefore, in order to solve the problems of et al. and evaluate the lubrication state of the sliding surfaces, ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received to measure the distance between the sliding surfaces (or oil film thickness) or the degree of contact between the cylinder liner and piston ring. There is a method of evaluation using equipment.

This system is shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the relationship between the transmitting/receiving elements and the sliding surfaces.

Here, 1 is the piston body, 2 is the piston ring, 3 is the cylinder liner, 4 is the cylinder cover, 5 is the exhaust valve, 6
indicates a fuel valve, an ultrasonic wave transmitter 7 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder liner 3, and a synchronizer 73 for controlling the pulse generation timing controls the timing at an appropriate time based on the crank angle signal 74 to transmit ultrasonic waves.・Mother pulse generation transmission circuit 7
2, an ultrasonic wave 1o is transmitted through an ultrasonic wave transmitter 71 toward the inner surface (sliding surface) of the cylinder liner. On the other hand, 81 indicates the reflected ultrasonic wave R1p R2m R30 wave receiver,
The signal received by this is amplified by the receiving circuit 82, and the ultrasonic signal waveform is displayed on the display s83. FIG. 3 schematically shows the reflection and transmission of this ultrasonic wave on the sliding surface, as well as the reflection on the back surface of the piston ring 2.

Here, when ultrasonic waves are emitted in a pulse form from the wave transmitter 71 using the synchronizer 73 at the same time as the ring passes, ultrasonic waves 1. passes through the cylinder liner 3 and reaches the sliding surface of the piston ring 2, which is just passing through. At this time, (1) If there is an oil film between the cylinder liner 3 and the piston ring 2, a part of the ultrasonic wave will be transmitted to the cylinder liner 3.
In addition to being reflected from the sliding surface, some of it also passes through the oil film,
It is reflected by the sliding surface and back surface of the piston ring 2 and returns to the wave receiver 81 through the oil film portion.

(11) If there is no oil film between the cylinder liner 3 and the piston ring 2, the ultrasonic waves will only be reflected from the sliding surface of the cylinder liner 3 and will not propagate to the piston/ring 2 part. The wave receiver 81 receives a reflected wave R1°Rt + R,
As l, the reflected wave R1 from the sliding surface of the cylinder liner 3 is
Receive only R.

Therefore, according to this method, the reflected wave of ultrasonic wave R1゜R2+
Based on the pattern of R3, the height of its reflected wave, etc., it is possible to evaluate whether there is a lubricating oil film or not, and also to reduce or optimize the amount of lubricating oil.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As mentioned above, it is possible to evaluate the anti-sliding state of the sliding surface by transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, but the ultrasonic transmitter/receiver 71 and 81 cannot be attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder liner 3 in the following cases. There are the following problems.

Cast iron is generally used as the material for the cylinder liner 3 due to its high friction and lubricity properties. The crystalline structure of cast iron contains many minute reflection sources, making it extremely difficult to transmit ultrasonic waves, and the reflections are often uneven, which significantly reduces the detection accuracy of ultrasonic waves. Jump rope. This situation is shown in FIG.
5C) is used, and (b) shows the case where cast iron, for example Fe12, is used as the cylinder liner 9. By comparing these two figures, it can be seen that the outer peripheral surface of a cast iron cylinder liner It can be seen that when an ultrasonic transducer is attached, it is difficult to evaluate the lubrication state of the sliding surface.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cylinder lubrication evaluation device for a piston engine that can evaluate the sliding condition between a piston cylinder and a cast iron cylinder liner having wear resistance and lubricity during actual operation.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention installs an ultrasonic transducer inside the cylinder liner, and the ultrasonic wave propagates toward the cylinder liner sliding surface and is reflected from the liner sliding surface and the back surface of the ring. The part of the path that returns from the engine is made of a material with good ultrasonic permeability, and this part is inserted and fixed into a cast iron cylinder liner to form and process it as an integrated cylinder liner. It is something.

[Effect]

The cylinder liner with the above configuration has +11. The ultrasonic transmittance of the liner part where the ultrasonic transducer is attached is good, and the detection accuracy of ultrasonic waves is improved. Can evaluate the condition.

(2) Since the other liner parts are made of cast iron, wear resistance and lubricity are ensured.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below with reference to FIG. In the present invention, the evaluation method of the cylinder lubrication state is similar to the ultrasonic transmission/reception system described in [Prior Art], but the following method is used by improving the ultrasonic transparency of the ultrasonic transmission path. be. In Figure 1, the symbols 2, 3, 71.8
1 is the same as described above and as follows. The difference is that a material with good ultrasonic transparency (for example, steel material such as 845C) is inserted and fixed into a cast iron cylinder liner 3, and then molded and processed as an integral cylinder liner.

By configuring the cylinder 2 inner 3 as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the ultrasonic transmittance of the cylinder liner 3 portion to which the ultrasonic transducer 71 is attached is improved, and the detection accuracy of ultrasonic waves is improved, the lubrication state of the sliding surface can be evaluated by the above-described method.

(2) Since the other parts of the cylinder liner 3 are made of cast iron, wear resistance and lubricity are maintained.

In this case, the shape of No. 3 is Q/4 as shown in the same figure.
By laying down, it is possible to reduce the influence of slow n echoes that are reflected from the outer circumferential surface of No. 3 and return, and it is possible to improve accuracy.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the sliding condition of the piston ring and the cast iron cylinder liner, which is resistant to dust and lubrication, can be evaluated during actual operation, so the reliability of the piston/cylinder IIxJfvt of a reciprocating piston engine can be evaluated. can improve,
Furthermore, it is possible to provide a cylinder self-sliding evaluation device for a piston engine that can reduce and optimize the amount of lubricating oil supplied.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vicinity of a cylinder liner showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional lubrication evaluation device using ultrasonic wave transmission and reception, and Fig. 3 is an ultrasonic transducer. A diagram schematically showing the reflection and passage of ultrasonic waves in the mounting liner, sliding surface, and ring. Figure 4 shows the difference in ultrasonic transmittance when the cylinder liner is made of steel and cast iron. It is a t diagram. 3... Cylinder liner, 31... Material with good ultrasonic transparency, 71... Wave transmitter, 8... Wave receiver. Applicant Sub-Agent Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue Reviewed in 1971 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] An ultrasonic wave transmitter/receiver is attached to a position corresponding to the piston ring sliding range on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder of a reciprocating piston engine, and the ultrasonic generator generates pulse-like oscillations at a time corresponding to the piston ring passing position, and its generation timing. In a device that evaluates the lubrication state of cylinders and piston rings by transmitting, receiving, amplifying and displaying waves using a control device, an ultrasonic transducer is attached to the cylinder liner mentioned above, and this ultrasonic wave is directed toward the cylinder liner. The part of the transmission path that propagates, reflects, and returns is made of a material with good ultrasonic transparency, such as steel, and this part is inserted and fixed into a cast iron cylinder liner to create an integrated cylinder liner. A piston engine cylinder lubrication evaluation device characterized by being molded and processed as