JPS63153684A - Picture drawing processing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To draw a picture having an optional transparent rate at a high speed by using an arithmetic operation designation means to generate a picture drawn data while changing the content of the arithmetic operation so as to generate the drawn picture data thereby executing the arithmetic operation with different content for each picture element by one command. CONSTITUTION:The titled unit is provided with two arithmetic operation designation registers 15a, 15b to designate the type of arithmetic operation in a drawn picture data arithmetic unit 11. The arithmetic operation designated by the register 15a or 15b is executed by the drawn picture data arithmetic unit 11 in response to the bit information read out of a selection information RAM 16. Thus, a different arithmetic operation is executed alternately or once for plural times by one command and the picture drawing with a high degree of freedom is executed at a high speed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a technique that is particularly effective when applied to a drawing processing technique and a calculation method for image data supplied to an image memory. The present invention relates to a technique that is effective for use in an arithmetic method in an LSI having a drawing function.

[Prior Art] Conventional 1 In a bitmap type graphic display system using a graphic controller such as the HD63484 manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., when drawing is performed on a plurality of consecutive pixels using one drawing command, the same (Hitachi, Ltd., published June 1980, rHD63
484ACRTC User's Manual” page 127~
(See page 130).

By the way, 1. When displaying a three-dimensional model on a display screen, the present inventor has developed an application that allows arbitrary perspective viewing by dynamically changing the type of calculation for each pixel and forming drawing data. I learned that it is possible to display a three-dimensional model at a high rate.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, with conventional graphic controllers, it has not been possible to perform calculations on multiple types of drawing data with a single command. Therefore, in order to form drawing data while changing the type of calculation on a pixel by pixel basis, new commands must be given to the controller one after another, which inconveniently slows down the drawing process.

Note that internal perspective can be expressed by performing a FOR (exclusive OR) operation on all pixels, but since the perspective rate is fixed at 50%, sufficient perspective cannot be performed. The problem is that there is no.

An object of the present invention is to provide a drawing processing technique that can draw an image having an arbitrary perspective at high speed.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Representative inventions disclosed in this application will be summarized as follows.

That is, a register or RAM is provided in the drawing processing unit to store information specifying the type of calculation in the drawing data calculation unit that calculates the drawing data, and this information is repeatedly read out one after another for each calculation and provided to the drawing data calculation unit. In this way, drawing data is formed while changing the contents of calculations.

[Operation] According to the above-mentioned means, a single command can alternately execute operations with different contents for each pixel, and it is possible to draw an image having an arbitrary perspective at high speed. The above purpose can be achieved.

[Embodiment] FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of a display system equipped with a graphic controller to which the present invention is applied.

That is, this system includes a microprocessor (hereinafter referred to as MPU) 1, a system ROM (read-only storage device) storing a system program, and an MPU.
A main memory 2 consisting of a working RAM (a storage device that can be continuously written to in FDF) that serves as a work area and a text area when the U works, and a frame buffer that stores image data etc. displayed on the CRT display device 9.
(Image memory) 3, a graphics controller 4 that writes and reads image data to and from the frame buffer 3 based on commands from the MPUI;
5. Parallel-to-serial conversion circuit (or video controller) that forms and outputs a video signal (video signal) such as green/blue) signal. It is composed of a DMA controller 6 and the like that directly transfer data between the main memory 2 and the frame buffer 3.

When the graphics controller 4 receives commands from M and PUL via the system bus 7, it decodes them, calculates addresses and creates image data, and sends them to frames via the frame buffer bus 8. The image data is supplied to the buffer 3 and image data is written therein. Along with this, the graphic controller 4 has a display address generation section such as an address counter, and outputs display addresses one after another onto the frame buffer bus 8 to read image data from the frame buffer 3 in parallel with the above drawing process. The data is read out and supplied to the CRT display device 9 for display on the display screen.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the configuration of the drawing processing section of the graphic controller l.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a drawing data calculator that calculates drawing data including color information, 12 a drawing data register that holds the drawing data calculated by the drawing data calculator 11, and 13 an external frame. This is a read data register that holds image data read out from the buffer 3. Furthermore, 14 is a color information register for defining drawing colors.

The drawing data calculation unit 11 performs OR, AND or F
It is configured to be able to perform multiple logical operations such as OR, and performs logical operations on the image data read from the external frame buffer 3 and the data in the color information register 14, and uses the result of the operation as drawing data. The data is sent to register 12. The drawing data ↓ held in the drawing data register 12 is supplied to the frame buffer 3 and written to a desired position.

In this embodiment, two operation designation registers 15a and 15b are provided to designate the type of calculation in the drawing data calculation unit 11. These operation specification registers 15a and 15b are enabled to write a code indicating the type of operation by the MPU, and are specified by the register 15a when the bit information is 0'' according to the bit information read from the selection information RAM 16. When the calculation is "1", the calculation specified by the register 15b is executed in the drawing data calculation unit 11, respectively.

Specifically, an operation designation control signal for the drawing data calculation unit 11 is formed by decoding the calculation designation code in the calculation designation register 5a or 15b with a decoder (not shown).

Further, the selection information RAM 16 includes a RAM pointer control circuit 17 having a start pointer and an end pointer.
information from the start pointer position to the end pointer position.

Iteration 1 in connection with the calculation in the drawing data calculation unit 11
Read bit by bit. The pattern data in the selection information RAM 16 and the addresses of the start pointer and end pointer in the RAM pointer control circuit 17 are as follows:
It can be set by the MPU.

Note that reference numeral 18 indicates an address (source address) for reading desired image data from the frame buffer 3 and a position (drawing address) to which the drawing data calculated in the drawing data calculation @11 is to be written. ) is a drawing address calculation circuit that calculates and outputs.

In this embodiment, by specifying different operations in the operation specification registers 15a and 15b in advance, different operations can be executed alternately or once in a plurality of times using one command. Therefore, in order to form drawing data by performing two types of operations on a group of pixels using a conventional graphics controller, it was necessary to give a command each time the operation was changed, but instead of using one command. You can create drawing data while changing calculations.

As a result, drawing with a high degree of freedom can be performed at high speed.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the selection information RAM 16 is 2
Although shown as a dimensional arrangement (nXn bits), a one-dimensional arrangement RAM configuration such as nX1 bits may be used.

FIG. 3 shows the main parts of a second embodiment of the drawing processing apparatus according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the selection information RAM in the first embodiment
An operation designation RAM 20 is provided which has the functions of the calculation designation register 16 and the calculation designation registers 15a and 15b. Codes indicating the types of calculations to be performed by the drawing data calculator 11 are stored in the calculation designation RAM 20 in a desired arrangement.

Then, from this calculation designation RAM 20, the calculation designation code stored between the start position SP and the end position EP is outputted by the pointer control circuit 17 having a start pointer and an end pointer, as in the first embodiment. They are read out repeatedly in order. The read code is decoded by a decoder and supplied to the drawing data calculator 11 as an operation designation control signal.

Therefore, in this second embodiment, the calculation designation RAM 20
The operation designation code stored in the calculation designation registers 15a and 15b may be the same as the calculation designation codes stored in the calculation designation registers 15a and 15b in the first embodiment.

In the first embodiment, only two types of operations can be executed, but according to the second embodiment.

Depending on the capacity of the RAM 20, multiple types of calculations can be executed with one command.

Table 1 shows an example of the operation specification code and the contents of the operation specified by the code.

In Table 1, the symbol COL indicates the color code set in the color information register 14, and the symbol P indicates the color code for the base color of the display screen (lead). data).

Further, although not shown, the drawing processing sections of the first and second embodiments are provided with a control section that sequentially controls each of the above sections to execute a desired drawing process. This control unit is composed of, for example, a micro ROM in which a micro program is stored.The micro ROM is activated by a command supplied from the MPU, and a series of micro instructions to execute a process corresponding to the command is read one after another. A control signal for each register and arithmetic unit is generated.

Next, a drawing example when surface drawing such as filling is performed by the drawing processing device of the first embodiment will be described using FIG. 4. In FIG. 4(B), as shown in FIG. 4(A), the code "010" indicating the FOR operation is stored in the operation specification register 1.
1" is set, and the operation designation register 2 contains a code "o o" indicating no operation.

O” is set, and 1010 is set in the selection information RAMl0.
...", but in addition, the color information register has "1"
The state of the image data before and after is shown when drawing is performed on the screen consisting of the background color indicated by the color code ■ when the color code “101” is set. In this case, the FOR operation and the This operation is repeated alternately.If the FOR operation is performed on all pixels, half of the background color is expressed as being visible, so this is defined as 50% perspective.

Then, in the above example, 1/2xlOO+50x1/2=
75% transparency can be achieved.

In the example of FIG. 4(C), the selection information RAM is "110".
, 101,011", so out of 3 pixels ', 1
A FOR operation is performed for the pixel, and nothing is done for the other two pixels.

Therefore, 50 x 1/3 + 2/3 x 100 = 83
Further, by applying the above embodiment, intermediate colors can be expressed without increasing the color information per pixel. That is,
As shown in FIG.
The operation e (li conversion) is set and the operation designation register 2 is set to no operation. Then, the selection information R, A M Ic stores a pattern of "1010...-01", and executes a command that involves arithmetic switching. Then, in this case, a replacement operation is performed on the base color on the frame buffer at a rate of 1 pixel for every 2 pixels, and the pixels in between are left with the original base color. Therefore, if the code of the base color (■) is "0111" and the color data (2) containing the color information and the blurring code "0001" is included, drawing data in which ■ and ■ are arranged alternately is formed. As a result, when viewed from a distance from the display screen, it appears that a color intermediate between the colors ■ and ■ is being expressed.

Furthermore, by setting the data in the selection information RAM so that the replacement operation is performed at a ratio of one pixel to every three pixels, it is possible to express an intermediate color that is even closer to the base color than the above-mentioned intermediate color.

As described above, according to the above embodiment, it is possible to display intermediate colors without increasing the color information per pixel, that is, without increasing the capacity of the frame buffer. the result,
Even in a system with a small capacity of image memory, such as a personal computer, a rich variety of colors can be expressed.

Furthermore, by using the above embodiment, various types of shading, hatching, etc. can be displayed easily and quickly. Namely.

As shown in FIG.
Set the operation e (replacement) and set the operation specification register 2 to no operation. Then, the illustrated pattern is stored in the selection information RAM, and a command involving calculation switching is executed. Then, in this case, a replacement operation is performed on the base color on the frame buffer at a rate of 1 or 2 pixels out of every 6 pixels, and the pixels in between are left with the original base color. Therefore, the code for the base color ■ is 0111"
and the color information register contains the code "o o".

If color data ``1'' is included, drawing data in which ``■'' are arranged in a hatched manner is formed.

In the above embodiment, an example of the configuration of the drawing processing section is shown, but the graphics controller reads image data from the frame buffer separately from the drawing processing section and displays it on the display screen. A display processing unit is provided to perform processing to display the image.

Further, regarding the drawing processing unit in FIG. 1, only the main parts necessary for implementing the present invention are shown, and in addition, for example, registers indicating the drawing start position in the frame buffer and drawing areas are shown. A register etc. are provided.

As explained above, in the above embodiment, the drawing processing section has a register or R
AM is installed, and this information is read out repeatedly for each calculation, forming drawing data while changing the contents of the calculation. Therefore, a single command can alternately execute calculations with different contents for each pixel. Due to this effect, images having arbitrary transparency can be drawn at high speed, and intermediate colors can be displayed without increasing the capacity of the image memory.

Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically explained above based on Examples, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above Examples and can be modified in various ways without departing from the gist thereof. Nor. For example, Table 1 showing the types of calculations set in the calculation designation registers 15a, 15b or the calculation designation RAM 20 is just an example. A calculation such as a conditional replacement may be provided in which the set color code and the color code of the read data (base color) are compared and the contents of the calculation are determined depending on the magnitude thereof.

[Effects of the Invention] The effects obtained by typical inventions disclosed in this application are briefly explained below.

In other words, with only one command, drawing data can be created while dynamically changing the type of calculation for each pixel.
As a result, images having arbitrary transparency can be drawn at high speed, and intermediate colors can be displayed without increasing the capacity of the image memory. In addition, shading and hatching can be easily realized.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a drawing processing section when the present invention is applied to a graphics controller having a drawing function, and FIG. 2 is a configuration of a display system using the graphics controller. A block diagram showing an example, FIG. 3 is an operational explanatory diagram showing the relationship between register settings and image data when the drawing processing device according to the present invention performs second slope drawing, and FIG. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between register settings and image data when intermediate color display is performed by the drawing processing device of the embodiment, and FIG. 6 is an action explanatory diagram showing the relationship between register settings and image data when hatching display is performed FIG. 6 is an action explanatory diagram showing a relationship with image data. 9...Graphics controller, 11...
Image data calculation unit, 15a, 15b... calculation finger/foot means (calculation designation register), 20... calculation designation means (
operation specification RAM). Agent Patent attorney Katsuo Ogawa --- 6 Figure 4 (B) ○! 1st Series No. 5 Figure AA4 kAM 71=-A'=-77-1:c'1,000
・ 6 Figure 1! It's 91c,,,ce) JFti 匡Iko(.-92) Shisan・'ZZr 2) -)"

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An image data calculator capable of executing a plurality of types of logical operations, and an operation designator capable of setting two or more types of calculations in the image data calculator; A drawing characterized in that information indicating the types of set calculations is read out in a specified order and supplied to the image data calculation unit, so that corresponding calculations are executed one after another. Processing equipment. 2. The operation specifying means includes a plurality of registers each of which can be specified with a code indicating the type of operation, and a random access register in which information indicating the read order of these registers is stored.
2. The drawing processing device according to claim 1, further comprising a memory. 3. The first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the operation specifying means is constituted by a random access memory, and a plurality of codes indicating the type of operation are stored in the memory. The drawing processing device described in Section 1.