JPS63124886A - Gas compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a vane from chattering, by supplying high pressure oil to a point end part of the vane from its bottom part when a compressor is in low speed operation. CONSTITUTION:When the bottom part of a vane 4 passes through a section between a front side sweep 24 of a control plate 22 and its rear side sweep 19, pressure oil is supplied to the bottom part of the vane 4. While in sections, till the bottom part of the vane reaches the sweeps 19, 24 after passing through a small hole 21, and till the bottom part of the vane reaches a short diameter part of a cylinder chamber after passing through a delivery port 1b, high pressure oil is inducted to the bottom part of the vane 4. Accordingly, the vane, whose point end is prevented from separating from a cylinder internal wall surface, can be prevented from generating a chattering phenomenon.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a rotary vane type gas compressor used in Kartara and other relatively small-sized refrigeration equipment. This invention relates to a gas compressor that reduces consumption and improves the durability of vanes by canceling chattering prevention grooves.

(Prior art) -a, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a rotary vane type gas compression boiler includes a cylinder 1 having a substantially cylindrical inner periphery, and front and rear side blocks attached to both sides of the cylinder 1. 2. In the cylinder city composed of 3,
A compressor main body 6 is formed by rotatably horizontally suspending a rotor 5 having vanes 4, 4, etc. that can move forward and backward in the radial direction. A casing 9 with one end open is provided, which forms a space 7 and stores lubricating oil 8 under the pressure of the gas discharged from the discharge boat of the cylinder chamber in the space 7.

Then, the gas that enters the cylinder from the intake port 11 of the front head 10 through the intake boat 1a of the cylinder 1 is compressed at each working position by the forward and backward movement of each vane 4 as the rotor 5 rotates. The gas becomes high-pressure and enters the space 7 through the discharge boat 1b and the oil container 12,
It is supplied to the outside from the discharge port 13 of the casing 9.

In the rotary vane type gas compressor as described above, the lubricating oil 8 is transferred to the oil distribution path formed in the rear and front side blocks 2 and 3 and the cylinder 1 by the discharge pressure of the gas from the cylinder chamber. 14, 15, and 16, it is supplied to the bearing portion of the rotor shaft 5a, etc., and performs a lubricating action.

Further, some of the lubricating oil is reduced in pressure by the gap between the front and rear axes, and is supplied to a slit (not shown) formed in the rotor 5 via the communication holes 17 and 18, and is then supplied to the vane 4.
It is used as back pressure.

The synergistic effect of this oil pressure and the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the rotor 5 causes the vanes to come into contact with the cylinder interior wall, and each vane is pushed up by the same pressure. There is.

However, even after the rotor 5 rotates and the compressed gas is discharged from the discharge boat 1b, the cylinder 1. Since there is a space separated by the rotor 5 and the vanes 4, if oil mist or liquefied refrigerant mixes in the gas in this space, high pressure will be generated to compress the liquid. Therefore, the vane 4 instantaneously sinks into the rotor 5 against the back pressure of the lubricating oil, and then projects to the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1.

At this time, when the protrusion occurs, a collision sound with the cylinder inner wall surface is generated, causing chattering.

Previously, the applicant proposed a gas compressor that was devised to apply back pressure according to the amount of protrusion of the vanes, and also to apply high back pressure corresponding to the area where high pressure is temporarily applied near the discharge boat. An application has been filed (see Utility Model Application Publication No. 104381/1981).

As shown in FIG.
, 3, a pair of wipers 19 and 20 are bored on the end surface in contact with the rotor 5, and extend in a fan shape at 180 degrees symmetrical positions around the bearing. A pair of small holes 21 communicating with the high-pressure oil flow path 14 are provided at opposing positions, and the vane 4 passes through these holes.
It is the one that faces the bottom of the.

According to this configuration, the fan-shaped wipers 19 and 20 can apply appropriate back pressure according to the protrusion amount distribution of the vanes, and in areas where chattering occurs, high-pressure lubricating oil is applied to the vanes through the small holes 21. Since it acts on the back surface, it counteracts the force pushing down the vane, and as a result, no chattering phenomenon occurs.

However, although this configuration is very effective in preventing chattering during low-speed operation of the gas pressure M, during high-speed operation, the centrifugal force applied to the vane increases.
On the contrary, it has been pointed out that the vane sliding torque increases, the power consumption increases, the wear of the vane tip increases, and the durability of the vane decreases significantly.

@Problems to be Solved by Sails) This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances. The objective is to cancel the mechanism during high-speed operation, reduce power consumption, and improve vane durability.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, *ug is a cylinder consisting of a cylinder whose inner circumference is approximately elliptical, and both side blocks attached to both sides of the cylinder. A compressor body is formed by horizontally suspending a rotor having a plurality of vanes that can move forward and backward in the radial direction in a blank space, and a space is formed at the rear of a rear side block in the compressor body,
This space stores lubricating oil under discharge pressure and includes a sealed casing that rotatably holds the tip of the rotor shaft of the rotor, and supplies the lubricating oil to each part of the compressor body by the discharge pressure. , provide front and rear wipers and small holes on the rotor side end surfaces of both side blocks,
The wiper and the small hole are communicated with medium-pressure and high-pressure communication paths for lubricating oil, respectively, and normally a constant hydraulic pressure is applied to the vane from the wiper, and high-pressure hydraulic pressure is applied from the small hole only within a certain angular range of the rotor. In this gas compressor, a control plate is provided between the end face of the rotor and the front side block and is driven to rotate according to the operating speed of the compressor. is supported by the rotor shaft, and a front side wiper is provided on the bearing part of this plate. During high-speed operation, the control plate rotates and the front side wiper position moves, so that within a certain angle range of the rotor, By releasing high-pressure lubricating oil supplied to the bottom of the vane to the front side,
It is characterized by reducing hydraulic pressure.

(Function) According to the above configuration, during low-speed operation of the gas compressor, in the section where the tip of the vane is under ultra-high pressure (from immediately after the discharge port to the short diameter portion of the cylinder), the bottom of the vane is either supplied with high pressure oil or Because high-pressure oil is trapped,
The vane tip does not separate from the cylinder inner wall, and the vane chattering phenomenon can be reliably prevented.

During high-speed operation of the gas compressor, the control plate is rotated and the position of the wiper formed on the plate moves accordingly, causing the high-pressure oil supplied to the bottom of the vane to try to escape to this wiper side. During high-speed operation, reduced medium pressure oil is always supplied to the bottom of the vane at all angular positions, reducing the sliding torque of the vane and improving the wear resistance of the vane tip.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of this month will be described in detail using the drawings.

However, in this embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for parts that are the same as in the prior art, and only new parts are explained using different numerals.

Fig. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which the invention is applied to a variable capacity gas compressor, and Figs. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the same gas compressor during low-speed operation and high-speed operation, respectively. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a drive mechanism for a control plate used in a gas compressor.

In Figure 1, front side block 2 and rotor 5
A control plate 22 is installed between the rotor shaft 5a and the rotor shaft 5a, and is rotatably supported.

On the periphery of this control plate 22, bypass recesses 23 are provided 180 degrees oppositely.
At the bearing portion of the rotor shaft 5a, a front side wiper 24 is formed which is also 180 degrees opposed to each other and expanded into a fan shape.

In this gas compressor, the rear side block 3, the cylinder 1, and the front side block 2 are respectively formed with high-pressure communication holes 14, 15, 16 for communicating the lubricating oil 8, as in the conventional case. High-pressure oil is directly supplied to the small holes 21 from the small holes 21, and medium-pressure oil obtained by reducing the pressure of these high-pressure oils is supplied to the rear wiper 19 of the rear side block 3 via the communication hole 17, and similarly to the control plate 22. It is supplied to the front side wiper 24 formed in the front side.

Next, the positional relationship between the small hole 21 that supplies high-pressure oil and the wiper 19.24 that supplies medium-pressure oil will be explained.

The small hole 21 is provided at a position slightly shifted from the discharge port 1b in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the rotor 5, and immediately after the tip of the vane 4 passes through the discharge port 1b, the bottom of the vane 4 It is designed so that it does not communicate with the small hole 21.

Furthermore, the surface shape of one rear side wiper provided on the rear side block 3 is 180 mm around the bearing part of the rotor shaft 5a.
A pair of fan-shaped fan-shaped objects formed at symmetrical positions.
They are respectively located at the center of the pair of small holes 21.

In addition, the end of this rear side wiper 19 is set at a position slightly shifted from the short diameter part of the cylinder chamber in the direction of rotation of the rotor 5, so that the vane 4 is removed only after the vane 4 passes through the short diameter part.
The bottom of the vane 4 communicates with the rear wiper 19, so that intermediate pressure is applied to the vane 4 (see Figure 2.3).

Next, the surface shape of the front wiper 24 formed on the control plate 22 is formed by forming a pair of 180-degree symmetrical positions around the bearing portion of the rotor shaft 5a, as shown by solid lines in FIGS. 2 and 3. It is expanded into a fan shape.

Next, during low-speed operation of the gas compressor according to the present invention.

The operation during high-speed operation will be explained.

That is, FIG. 2 shows the gas compressor of the present invention when operating at low speed, and shows the surfaces of the front side wiper 24 of the control plate shown by the solid line in FIG. 2 and the rear side wiper 19 of the rear side block 3 shown by the broken line in the figure. The shapes correspond to (approximately), and when the bottom of the vane 4 passes through this section, medium pressure oil is supplied to the bottom of the vane 4, and it also passes through the small hole 21 until it reaches the wiper 1 and 24. In the section after the vane 4 passes through the discharge port 1b until it reaches the short diameter part of the cylinder chamber, high-pressure oil is taken into the bottom of the vane 4, so ultra-high pressure is applied to the tip of the vane 4. Even if this happens, the tip of the vane will not separate from the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and the vane chattering phenomenon can be reliably prevented.

Next, during high-speed operation of the gas compressor of the present invention, a drive mechanism for the control plate 22, which will be described later, operates to
rotates in the direction of the arrow, and the position of the front wiper 24 formed on the control plate 22 also comes to the position shown in FIG. , the bottom of the vane 4 will communicate with either the rear side wiper 19 or the front side wiper 24, so that medium pressure oil will always be applied to the bottom of the vane 4, and high pressure oil will be applied to the bottom of the vane 4. There is no such thing as being trapped.

In other words, when the gas compressor is operating at high speed, the centrifugal force of the vanes 4 increases significantly due to the high speed rotation of the rotor 5, so in this application, the hydraulic pressure at the bottom of the vanes 4 is reduced. ing.

Therefore, excessive sliding torque is not applied to the tip of the vane 4, and wear on the tip of the vane 4 can be suppressed as much as possible, reducing power consumption and extending the life of the vane 4.

In this embodiment, as a chattering prevention mechanism, the vane 4 is
However, by shifting the position of the small hole 21 in the rotational direction of the rotor 5, the bottom of the vane 4 and the small hole 2
1 to supply high pressure oil to the bottom of the vane 4.

Further, the control plate 22 is provided with a bypass recess 23 as described above, and during low speed operation shown in FIG. 2, this bypass recess communicates with the intake port 1a.
Air is taken into the cylinder chamber from the suction chamber side, but during high-speed operation, the control plate 22 rotates in the direction of the arrow in the figure.
As the bypass recess 23 moves, the refrigerant gas in the cylinder chamber is bypassed to the suction chamber through the bypass hole (not shown) formed in the front side block 2, so the capacity of the compression work chamber is significantly reduced, especially during high-speed operation. In this way, the capacity of the compression work chamber is made variable according to the operating conditions to prevent overcooling and reduce power consumption.In this embodiment, the control plate 22 is made small. Although the plate serves both as a plate for adjusting the back pressure of the vane 4 and a plate for controlling the capacity, it may be used only for adjusting the back pressure of the vane 4.

Next, for reference, the drive mechanism of the control plate 22 will be briefly explained in the fourth drawing.

That is, the cylinder 25 is disposed in the front head 10 with its tip 25a facing into the suction chamber so as to be movable back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the axis of compressed air, and the rear end 25b of the cylinder 25 facing outside. There is.

A spring 26 is inserted into the cylinder 25, and the spring 26 has an appropriate spring pressure so as to always urge the cylinder 25 toward the suction chamber.

On the other hand, a drive pin 27 is erected on the surface of the control plate 22, and this drive pin 27 passes through a cam groove 28 formed in an arcuate shape in the front side block 2, and its tip 27a faces the fully open suction. .

The tip Ey27a of this drive pin 27 is connected to the cylinder 2.
It is fitted into an engaging portion 29 provided at the tip 25a of the 5.

Therefore, the cylinder 25 moves forward and backward due to the differential pressure between the spring pressure of the spring 26 and the suction pressure.

With this forward and backward movement, the drive pin 27 fitted into the engaging portion 29 rotates around the axis of the control plate 22.
Therefore, the control plate 22 rotates through the required angle.

(Effects) As described in detail in the examples above, in the gas compressor according to the present invention, by having the configuration as described above, an ultra-high pressure is applied to the vane tip when the gas compressor is operated at low speed. By supplying high-pressure oil to the bottom of the vane or trapping the high-pressure oil, chattering near the discharge boat can be reliably prevented, and when the gas compressor is operating at high speed, the control plate can be rotated to No matter what rotation angle the rotor is at, the bottom of the vane always communicates with either the front side or the rear wiper, and medium pressure oil is always applied to the bottom of the vane. Since the mechanism to prevent vane chattering, which can cause oil to become trapped, is canceled, the sliding torque of the vanes can be suppressed during high-speed operation of the gas compressor, significantly reducing power consumption, and reducing the vane chattering. Since wear can also be prevented, there are advantages such as extending the product life of the vane.

Furthermore, the gas compressor according to the present application adjusts the back pressure of the vanes by changing the sweeping positions provided on both end faces of the rotor, and has a simple configuration, and especially the compression work chamber in the cylinder chamber. Since the present invention also serves as capacity control to make the capacity variable, the power consumption of the gas compressor is further reduced, so the present application has high practical value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a gas compressor according to the present invention, and FIG.
Figures 3 and 3 are cross-sectional views taken along the line A-A in Figure 1, showing the states during low-speed operation and high-speed operation, respectively. Figure 4 shows the drive mechanism of the control plate used in the same gas compressor. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a conventional gas compressor, and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a conventional rear side block. 1...Cylinder 2...Front side block 3...Rear side block 4...Vane 5...Rotor 6...Compression water carrier 8...Lubricating oil 14.15.16...Oil Distribution path 17.18...Communication hole 19...Rear side wiper 21...Small hole 22...Control plate 24...Front side wiper

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A rotor having a plurality of vanes that can move forward and backward in the radial direction is placed horizontally in a cylinder chamber that is composed of a cylinder whose inner circumference is approximately elliptical and both side blocks attached to both sides of the cylinder. A space is formed at the rear of the compressor body and the rear side block of the compressor body, and lubricating oil under discharge pressure is stored in this space, and the tip of the rotor shaft of the rotor is rotated. It is equipped with a sealed casing that can be held freely, and the lubricating oil is supplied to each part of the compressor body by discharge pressure.Front and rear wipers and small holes are provided on the rotor side end surfaces of both side blocks, and the wiper and small holes are provided on the rotor side end surfaces of both side blocks. The holes are respectively connected to intermediate and high pressure communication paths of lubricating oil, and normally a constant hydraulic pressure is applied to the vane from the wiper, and high pressure hydraulic pressure is applied from the small hole only within a certain angular range of the rotor, In a gas compressor configured to obtain the contact pressure of the vanes against the inner wall of the cylinder chamber, a control plate is provided between the end face of the rotor and the front side block and is driven to rotate according to the operating speed of the compressor. A front side wiper is provided on the bearing part of this plate, and during high-speed operation, the control plate rotates and the front side wiper position moves, supplying the bottom of the vane within a certain angle range of the rotor. By releasing high-pressure lubricating oil to the front side,
A gas compressor characterized by reducing hydraulic pressure.