JPH0765587B2 - Gas compressor - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a gas compressor used for a car cooler or the like, and more particularly to a gas compressor having a variable capacity of a compression working chamber.

<< Prior art and its problems >> Normally, a gas compressor used for cooling a passenger car or the like is installed in parallel with an engine, driven by a V-belt from a crankshaft pulley of the engine, and driven by an electromagnetic clutch mounted on the compressor side. I try to connect with my side.

Therefore, the capacity of this type of gas compressor is improved in proportion to the rotation speed of the engine, but on the contrary, when traveling at a high speed, the gas compressor is driven at a high speed, There is a drawback that the interior of the vehicle tends to be overcooled, and the power consumption increases in proportion to this, and this tendency is remarkable especially in the rotary type gas compressor.

As measures against this, various so-called variable-capacity gas compressors have been proposed, in which the capacity of the refrigerant gas compression working chamber is changed according to the driving speed of the gas compressor.

For example, an example of a variable capacity gas compressor filed earlier by the present applicant will be described with reference to FIG. 7. This gas compressor has a compressor body 1 and a one-end open type that hermetically surrounds the body. A casing 2 and a front head 3 attached to the open end surface of the casing 2 are provided.

The compressor body 1 has a cylinder block 4 having an inner peripheral substantially elliptic cylinder shape, a front side block 5 and a rear side block 6 attached to both sides of the cylinder block 4, and an inner periphery formed by this. A solid cylindrical rotor 9, which is integrally formed with the rotor shaft 7 and is provided with five vanes 8 that can move forward and backward in the radial direction, is horizontally rotatably installed in the cylinder chamber of the substantially elliptic cylinder.

Between the front side block 5 and the cylinder block 4, a substantially disc-shaped control plate 10 is fitted and supported by the rotor shaft 7, and the control plate 10 is rotatably driven within a predetermined angle. To be done.

Then, a bypass recess is provided in the peripheral portion of the control plate 10.
11, 11 are recessed in a 180 ° opposite shape, and the recess 11 for bypass communicates with the communication hole 12 and the bypass hole 13 of the front side block 5.

That is, the control plate 10 is rotatable within a predetermined angle, and for example, during low speed operation, the control plate 10 is
Is at the position shown in FIG. 8, and the refrigerant gas taken in is hardly bypassed, and the capacity of the compression working chamber shown by the shaded area in the drawing is secured.

On the other hand, during high-speed operation, the control plate 10 rotates in the clockwise direction in FIG. 9 and the bypass recess 11 and the bypass hole 13 communicate with each other, so that the refrigerant gas in the compression work chamber is bypassed by the bypass hole.
It is bypassed to the suction chamber side through 13, and as a result, compression is performed by the volume of the compression working chamber indicated by the diagonal lines in the figure.

The flow of the refrigerant gas of the variable capacity type gas compressor configured as described above will be described. First, the refrigerant gas introduced from the intake port 14 provided in the front head 3 into the intake chamber 15 is shown by the solid line in FIG. As shown by the arrow, through the communication hole 12,
It is introduced into the intake passage 16 formed through the cylinder block 4, and notches 17a and 17b are provided at both ends of the intake passage 15, and the notches 17a and 17b are sucked into the cylinder chamber.
Then, the compressed high pressure gas is discharged through a discharge port (not shown).
It is supplied to the oil separator 18 provided at the back part of the rear side block 6 through the communication hole provided in the rear side block 6 through the discharge valve, and is discharged from the rear space of the casing 2 as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. And then discharged to the outside.

However, during the small-capacity operation shown in FIG. 9, the refrigerant gas introduced into the cylinder chamber from the notch 17a on the front side of the intake passage 16 through the communication hole 12 of the front side block 5 is
Since it is immediately bypassed from the bypass recess 11 to the suction chamber 15 side through the bypass hole 13, a turbulent flow occurs, a smooth refrigerant gas flow path cannot be formed, and similarly, there is a drawback that compression efficiency is deteriorated. It was pointed out.

In addition, since the refrigerant gas is introduced into the cylinder chamber through the notches 17a and 17b provided at both ends of the intake passage 16, a notch is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder, and the vane 8 is apt to be unevenly worn, so that the vane There was also a problem with durability.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a problem to be solved by the present invention is to rotate a control plate to confine and compress a refrigerant gas. In a so-called variable capacity gas compressor in which the capacity of the compression working chamber is variable, in order to dramatically improve the compression efficiency during capacity control, it is necessary to keep the compression chamber in a negative pressure state during small capacity operation. This is to prevent and smooth the bypass flow of the refrigerant gas, and to prevent uneven wear of the vanes as much as possible.

<< Means for Solving Problems >> In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a cylinder block having an inner peripheral substantially elliptic cylinder shape, and a front side block and a rear side block attached to both sides of the cylinder block. , A rotor having a plurality of vanes that are rotatably mounted horizontally in a cylinder chamber constituted by the cylinder block and both side blocks, and that can move forward and backward in the radial direction, and of these side blocks, the side block on the suction chamber side A substantially disk-shaped control plate disposed on the inner side surface and rotatably supported within a predetermined angle is provided, and the control plate is rotated to allow the refrigerant gas in the cylinder chamber to flow through a bypass path connecting the cylinder chamber and the suction chamber. By bypassing the suction chamber side, the capacity of the compression work chamber can be changed according to the operating conditions In the above, the suction port for introducing the refrigerant gas into the cylinder chamber is formed at a predetermined position of the side block opposite to the side block on which the control plate is arranged, and one of the refrigerant gas introduced into the cylinder chamber from the suction port is formed. The part is configured to be bypassed to the suction chamber side by a bypass path formed on the side block side where the control plate is arranged according to the rotation angle of the control plate corresponding to the operating state.

<< Operation >> According to the above configuration, when the capacity is controlled, that is, when the capacity of the compression working chamber is small, the refrigerant gas is directly introduced into the cylinder chamber from the suction port formed in the side block that abuts the side surface of the cylinder block. Therefore, a sufficient amount of refrigerant gas can be sent into the working chamber even during a small capacity operation in which the bypass recess cannot be used as an intake port, and the compression chamber does not become negative pressure.

Also, during small capacity operation, the refrigerant gas introduced from the suction port is bypassed to the suction chamber side through the bypass recess of the control plate set on the opposite side of the cylinder block. A path can be formed.

Therefore, the compression loss during capacity control can be suppressed as much as possible.

Further, since the refrigerant gas is directly introduced into the cylinder chamber from the suction port, there is no notch on the inner surface of the cylinder and no unbalanced load is applied to the vane, so that uneven wear of the vane can be reliably prevented.

<< Description of Examples >> Hereinafter, one example of a gas compressor according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

However, in the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same portions as the conventional one, and only new portions will be described by using different reference numerals.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a gas compressor according to the present invention, showing a case of low speed operation, that is, a case where a capacity of a compression work chamber is made large, and FIG. 2 shows the same gas compressor. The side sectional view shown shows the case where the capacity of the compression working chamber is small. 3 to 5 are cross-sectional views showing a state in which the control plate used for capacity control of the gas compressor according to the present invention is driven to make the capacity of the compression working chamber variable,
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a drive mechanism of the control plate.

In FIG. 1, the intake passage 16 penetratingly formed in the cylinder block 4 is not provided with a notch, and an intake port 20 communicating with the intake passage 16 is provided in the rear side block 6.

Therefore, during low speed operation, the refrigerant gas from the communication hole 12 of the front side block 5 enters the cylinder chamber 21 through the intake passage 16 and the intake port 20, while directly flowing from the bypass recess 11 of the control plate 10 to the cylinder chamber 21. Will enter inside,
Even if the compression work chamber has a large capacity, a sufficient amount of refrigerant gas can be supplied.

When the drive mechanism of the control plate 10, which will be described later, rotates the control plate 10 and moves the bypass recess 11 to reduce the volume of the compression working chamber to a small volume, the intake chamber 15
Through the communication hole 12, the intake passage 16, and the intake port 20 to the cylinder chamber 21
The refrigerant gas introduced therein is smoothly bypassed into the suction chamber 15 through the bypass recess 11 of the control plate 10 and the bypass hole 13 of the front side block 5 as shown by the arrow in FIG. Since a bypass route that enters from the side and is bypassed to the front side is established,
It is possible to prevent the occurrence of turbulent flow of the refrigerant gas during the small capacity operation.

1 and 2, the vane 8 provided on the rotor 9 is not shown for the sake of convenience.
Since the refrigerant gas is introduced into the inside of the vane 21 from the side thereof, an unbalanced load is not applied to the tip end of the vane 8, so that the tip end of the vane 8 is not unevenly worn and the durability of the vane 8 is excellent.

Next, FIGS. 3 to 5 show that the capacity of the compression working chamber is increased,
FIG. 3 shows a state in which the medium and small are gradually changed. FIG. 3 is a state corresponding to FIG. 1, and FIG.
The state corresponding to the figure is shown, and FIG. 4 is an intermediate state.

That is, in the state shown in FIG. 3, the bypass recessed portion 11 of the control plate 10 is connected to the communication hole 12 of the front side block 5.
At this time, there is a communication hole in the cylinder chamber 21.
Refrigerant gas is introduced into the cylinder chamber 21 from 12 through the bypass recess 11, while the refrigerant gas is supplied from the rear side through the intake passage 16 and the suction port 20 into the cylinder chamber 21 as well. Gas is introduced into the cylinder chamber 21. Then, the refrigerant gas trapped in the cylinder chamber 21 causes the vane 8 to compress the refrigerant gas in the compression working chamber indicated by the diagonal lines in FIG.

Then, as the driving speed of the gas compressor increases, the control plate 10 rotates in the clockwise direction in the drawing, and the bypass recess 11 also moves accordingly. At this time, the bypass recess 1
1, the refrigerant gas in the cylinder chamber through the bypass hole 13 is the suction chamber
Since it is bypassed to the 15 side, the capacity of the compression working chamber becomes smaller as shown by the shaded area in FIG.

Then, when the drive speed of the compressor becomes higher, the control plate 10 further rotates in the clockwise direction in the figure, and the bypass amount of the refrigerant gas escaping from the recess 11 for bypass and the bypass hole 13 to the suction chamber 15 side is increased. As a result, the confined capacity of the refrigerant gas is further reduced.

It should be noted that, in the small capacity operation as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in FIG. 3, the communication hole 12 of the front side block 5 is shown.
The bypass recess 11 that has introduced the refrigerant gas into the cylinder chamber 21 through the above does not communicate with the communication hole 12, and the introduction of the refrigerant gas through this bypass recess 11 is stopped, but the rear side block 6 passes through the intake passage 16. Sufficient refrigerant gas is supplied into the cylinder chamber 21 from the suction port 20 formed in the, so even during the small capacity operation shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
The compression work chamber never becomes negative pressure, and excellent compression efficiency is obtained.

In FIGS. 3 to 5, reference numeral 22 indicates a discharge port for feeding the high-pressure gas compressed in the compression working chamber to the communication hole (not shown) of the rear side block 6, and reference numeral 23 indicates a discharge valve.

Next, the drive mechanism of the control plate 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

That is, the cylinder 24 is attached to the front head 3 at its tip.
24a is disposed in the suction chamber 15 so as to be orthogonal to the axis of the compressor, and the rear end 24b of the cylinder 24 is exposed to the outside.

A spring 25 is inserted in the cylinder 24, and the spring 25 has an appropriate spring pressure so as to constantly urge the cylinder 24 toward the suction chamber 15.

On the other hand, the drive pin 26 is erected on the surface of the control plate 10,
The pin 26 penetrates a cam groove 27 formed in the front side block 5 in an arcuate shape, and its tip 26a faces the suction chamber 15 side.

The tip 26a of the drive pin 26 is the tip 2 of the cylinder 24.
It is fitted and inserted in the engaging portion 28 provided in 4a.

Therefore, the cylinder 24 moves forward and backward due to the differential pressure between the spring pressure of the spring 25 and the suction pressure of the suction chamber 15. With this forward / backward movement, the drive pin 26 fitted in the engaging portion 28 rotates about the axis of the control plate 10, and the control plate 10 rotates by a desired angle.

Thus, in this embodiment, according to the suction pressure of the suction chamber 15,
The control plate 10 rotates by a desired angle, the bypass recess 11 of the control plate 10 continuously moves, the amount of bypass of the refrigerant gas is adjusted to make the volume of the compression work chamber variable, and the air is constantly sucked into the compression work chamber. The inhalation pressure is kept constant.

It should be noted that when the cylinder 24 is at the position shown in FIG. 6, it is the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 and the capacity of the compression working chamber is not controlled. When the capacity is controlled as the speed increases according to the driving speed of the gas compressor, the cylinder 24 moves forward and the control plate 10 shown in FIG.
Is rotated clockwise and the control plate 10 is driven to the position shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 to make the capacity of the compression working chamber variable.

In the embodiment described above, the control plate 10 is set on the inner surface side of the front side block 5, and the suction port 20 is formed in the rear side block 6. However, for example, the control plate is set on the inner surface side of the rear side block 6, and the front side block is set. Even if the specification is such that the suction port is set to 5, it does not deviate from the gist of the present invention.

<< Effects >> As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, in the gas compressor according to the present invention, the control plate for variably controlling the working chamber capacity of the gas compressor is provided on one side surface of the cylinder block. In addition, since the suction port that supplies the refrigerant gas is set to the side block that is in contact with the other side surface of the cylinder block, the bypass recess of the control plate is used for introducing the refrigerant gas when the capacity of the compression working chamber is controlled. Even if it is not used for, since sufficient refrigerant gas is supplied from the suction port into the cylinder chamber, compression efficiency does not decrease,
Also, during capacity control, the refrigerant gas introduced from the suction port into the cylinder chamber is bypassed to the suction chamber side through the bypass recess and the bypass hole, and a smooth bypass path is formed, so gas turbulence occurs due to bypass. And excellent compression efficiency can be obtained.

As described above, in the gas compressor according to the present invention, since the compression loss at the time of capacity control can be suppressed to a minimum, the efficiency of the compressor can be increased and the power consumption can be significantly reduced. There is an effect that the rise of the discharge temperature of the refrigerant gas can be prevented as much as possible.

In addition, in the gas compressor of the present invention, since an unbalanced load is not applied to the tip of the vane, there is an advantage that uneven wear of the vane can be prevented and the durability of the vane is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are side cross-sectional views of the gas compressor according to the present invention, showing a state where the volume of the compression working chamber is large and a small volume, respectively. 3 to 5 are cross-sectional views showing the relationship between the control plate and the compression work chamber in the gas compressor according to the present invention, which sequentially show the capacity of the compression work chamber in a large, medium, and small state, respectively. . FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a drive mechanism of a control plate used in a gas compressor according to the present invention, FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing a conventional gas compressor, and FIGS. 8 to 9 are conventional gas compressors. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a case in which the capacity of the compression working chamber is large and small in the compressor, respectively. 1 ... Compressor body 2 ... Casing 3 ... Front head 4 ... Cylinder block 5 ... Front side block 6 ... Rear side block 7 ... Rotor shaft 8 ... Vane 9 ... Rotor 10 ... Control plate 11 ...... Bypass recess 12 ...... Communication hole 13 ...... Bypass hole 14 …… Intake port 15 …… Suction chamber 16 …… Intake passage 17 …… Notch 18 …… Oil separator 19 …… Discharge port 20 …… Suction Port 21 …… Cylinder chamber 22 …… Discharge port 23 …… Discharge valve 24 …… Cylinder 25 …… Spring 26 …… Drive pin 27 …… Cam groove 28 …… Engagement part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder block having a substantially elliptical cylindrical shape on the inner circumference, front side blocks and rear side blocks mounted on both sides of the cylinder block, and a cylinder chamber constituted by the cylinder block and both side blocks rotatably laterally. A rotor having a plurality of vanes that are mounted and can be moved back and forth in the radial direction, and a rotor that is disposed on the inner side surface of the side block on the suction chamber side of the side blocks and is rotatably supported within a predetermined angle. A disk-shaped control plate is provided, and the capacity of the compression work chamber is operated by rotating the control plate and bypassing the refrigerant gas in the cylinder chamber to the suction chamber side through a bypass path that connects the cylinder chamber and the suction chamber. In the gas compressor that is variable according to the state, the refrigerant gas is introduced into the cylinder chamber. Entrance,
A part of the refrigerant gas introduced into the cylinder chamber from the suction port is formed at a predetermined position of the side block on the side opposite to the side block on which the control plate is arranged, and A gas compressor characterized by being bypassed to the suction chamber side by the bypass path formed on the side block side on which the control plate is disposed according to the rotation angle.