JPS63117937A - Concrete block - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to concrete blocks.

Conventional technology and its problems Conventional concrete blocks use aggregate made of a mixture of coarse grains of gravel with a grain size of 10 mm or less and fine grains of sand with a grain size of about 5 mm to 0.15 mm. 10
It is produced using a mixture of about 10 to 15 parts by weight of cement to 0 parts by weight as a raw material.

When such raw materials are used, gray-white concrete blocks are usually obtained, but in recent years concrete blocks used for external walls, fences, etc., are desired to have a variety of colors. For this reason, attempts have been made to color concrete blocks by adding pigments to the raw materials, but since the pigments are easily discolored by sunlight, there is a problem that the concrete blocks discolor during long-term use.

On the other hand, ceramic tiles are lightweight, inexpensive, and widely used, but the disposal of waste generated from demolition of buildings, shredding in factories, etc. has become a problem.

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research in order to solve these problems. As a result, when crushed ceramic tiles are used as aggregate for concrete blocks instead of conventionally used gravel, sand, etc., the concrete blocks have a beautiful reddish color; It has been found that the color is resistant to discoloration over a long period of time, and that the obtained concrete block is lighter than conventional products and has substantially the same strength as conventional products.

In addition, since this kind of concrete block can use ceramic tile waste as raw material, it is possible to effectively utilize ceramic tile waste generated from demolition of buildings, etc., and solve problems such as illegal dumping of waste. , - It became possible to achieve the objective.

That is, the present invention relates to a concrete block obtained using a raw material containing 100 parts by weight of aggregate containing crushed ceramic tiles and 10 to 30 parts by weight of cement.

In the concrete block of the present invention, crushed ceramic tiles are used as the aggregate. Here, ceramic tiles are made by mixing raw materials such as clay, shaping them, drying them, and then applying a glaze to them.
It is fired and is usually used as roof tiles. In the present invention, it is possible to use ceramic tile waste generated from the demolition of buildings, defective products from the manufacturing of ceramic tiles, etc., and the raw materials may be obtained by crushing these.

By mixing crushed ceramic tiles, the concrete block takes on the reddish color of the clay base of ceramic tiles.
Also, since this color is the color of the fired clay itself,
Even after long-term use, it will not change color at all. Furthermore, since fired clay is porous, the resulting concrete block is about 10% lighter than conventional products, while its strength is substantially the same as that of conventional products.

To obtain crushed ceramic tiles, the ceramic tiles on which the glaze layer has been formed may be crushed in a conventional manner, for example, by crushing them using a crushing device equipped with a shovel loader, hammer crusher, sieve, etc. However, the particle size may be adjusted as appropriate. The glaze layer of ceramic tiles is a very thin layer, and even when glazed ceramic pieces are crushed and used as they are, the glaze has almost no effect on the color tone of the concrete block.

The crushed ceramic tiles are usually used in a particle size range of about 88 μm to 1 Qmm. The particle size distribution may be similar to that of raw material aggregate for conventional concrete blocks, for example, JI
The particle size distribution may be as shown in S A 5406, but is not limited to this, and can be changed as appropriate as long as it does not substantially reduce the strength. An example of the particle size distribution of the aggregate used in the present invention is shown below.

Furthermore, in the present invention, conventionally used sand, gravel, etc. can be used as part of the aggregate.

The strength of concrete blocks is improved by adding sand, gravel, etc. The amount of sand etc. in the aggregate is 60% by weight.
The amount is preferably about 5 to 55% by weight. As for sand, gravel, etc., those having a particle size of 10 mm or less may be used, and those having a particle size distribution similar to that of conventionally used aggregates can be used. Even when sand, gravel, etc. are mixed, the particle size distribution of the aggregate is JIS A 5406.
The particle size distribution shown in or similar to this may be used. An example of the particle size distribution of aggregate mixed with sand etc. is shown below.

◎ 70% by weight of crushed ceramic tiles, 30% by weight of fine sand ◎ 50% by weight of crushed ceramic tiles, 30% by weight of coarse sand, 20% by weight of fine sand In the concrete block of the present invention, as cement,
As with conventional concrete blocks, for example, portland cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement, fly ash cement, etc. can be used. The appropriate amount of cement to be mixed is about 10 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of aggregate, but when producing concrete blocks by the instant demolding method, it is preferably about 10 to 20 parts by weight. When producing by casting method, the amount is preferably about 15 to 30 parts by weight.

Furthermore, in the present invention, crushed clay roof tiles can also be used as part of the aggregate. Clay tiles are obtained by kneading and molding raw materials such as clay, drying, and then firing without glazing, and are usually black in color.

In the present invention, such crushed clay tiles may be mixed with crushed ceramic tiles and used as aggregate, and by using it in this way, the reddish color tone of the concrete blocks can be adjusted to the desired color. It can be adjusted accordingly. It is appropriate that the amount of crushed clay tiles used is about 30% by weight or less in the aggregate. When both sand and crushed clay tiles are mixed into the aggregate at the same time, it is appropriate that the amount of crushed ceramic tiles used is about 40% by weight or more in the aggregate.

The concrete block of the present invention can be produced using the above-mentioned raw materials according to conventional methods such as the so-called instant demolding method, pouring method, etc. The appropriate amount of water to be added is about 6 to 18 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of aggregate, and when producing by the immediate demolding method, it is preferably about 6 to 7.5 parts by weight, and when producing by the pouring method. In some cases, it is preferably about 10 to 18 parts by weight.

An example of a manufacturing method using the instant demolding method is to first mix the raw materials, then add a predetermined amount of water in a sprinkling state and knead.
Next, it is packed into a mold and then subjected to vibrations, compression, etc.

After demolding, the mold is cured at about 500 degrees Celsius in saturated steam at about 55 to 65 degrees Celsius, and then left outdoors in a humid state by sprinkling water about 3 to 5 times a day. After curing in saturated steam and leaving outdoors in a humid condition reaches a total temperature of about 4,000 degrees Celsius, the product is left for about 7 days.

Effects of the Invention The concrete block of the present invention can be used in all fields where concrete blocks have conventionally been used, and has the following excellent characteristics.

■ It has a beautiful reddish color and will not discolor for a long time.

■ It is about 10% lighter than conventional products, and has virtually the same strength.

■ Ceramic tile waste can be effectively used as raw material;
In addition to being economically advantageous, it also eliminates the problem of illegal waste dumping.

91 Example EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 A concrete block was produced using raw materials having the composition (parts by weight) shown in Table 1 below.

The crushed ceramic tile was obtained by crushing with a hammer crusher, and had the composition shown below.

In addition, the particle sizes of the coarse sand and fine sand were as shown below.

◎Coarse sand ◎Fine sand Table 1 Among the raw materials with the above composition, mix the aggregate and cement by adding water in a sprinkling state, and then mix (390
The kneaded raw materials were placed in a mold for a cavity block of 90 x 100 mm, and molded by vibration and compression. after that,
The concrete block was demolded and cured for 14 hours in saturated steam at 55 to 65°C, and then watered outdoors four times a day to leave the concrete block in a humid state. After the total temperature of curing in saturated steam and leaving outdoors reached 4000 degrees, an additional 7
After standing for a day, a hollow concrete block of 390 x 190 x 100 vn was obtained.

The obtained concrete blocks (products 1 to 5 of the present invention) are as follows:
All had a beautiful reddish color. Table 2 shows the weight and strength of these concrete blocks.

Table 2 As is clear from Table 2, the concrete block of the present invention has a lighter wall than the conventional concrete block, and has a strength of 80k ( It had sufficient strength exceeding If/Cm2.

(that's all) Kyou 1, ″

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. 100 parts by weight of aggregate containing crushed ceramic tiles and 1 cement
A concrete block obtained using a raw material containing 0 to 30 parts by weight.