JPS6311596B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat storage device that can store heat using chemical reactions.

As part of energy saving technology, various energy storage and heat storage technologies have been researched and developed, and various methods have been proposed. Heat storage technology is classified into (a) sensible heat storage, (b) latent heat storage, (c) chemical reaction heat storage, etc., and it is possible to transport heat using heat storage materials for (c), which has the characteristic of maintaining heat storage even at room temperature. A heat storage device is being considered.

That is, the following reversible reaction A・B+QA+B (1) Suppose we have a reaction system like this.

In the heat storage process, energy Q is added to substances A and B to decompose them into substances A and B, which are then separated and stored. Q
Usually, thermal energy is considered, but other energies such as light and electricity can also be used.

In the heat dissipation step, when heat is required, reaction heat Q is generated by reacting substances A and B, and the heat is extracted.

At this time, if substances A and B are stored in a state where no chemical changes occur, even if there is a time or place gap between the heat storage process and the heat release process, the storage and
Since the heat radiation cycle is established, heat transport is possible.

Note that the substances A and B are used in a state in which A and B are easily separated, ie, in a state in which they have different phases, such that A is a solid and B is a liquid or gas.

For example, A may be sodium sulfide, and B may be water (steam).

The present invention relates to a heat storage device that is implemented under the following limited conditions among such general heat storage techniques that utilize the heat of chemical reaction.

(1) The heat storage process is carried out at location X, where a surplus heat source such as waste heat exists, and the heat dissipation process is carried out at location Y, where the heat generated by reacting A and B is used as the heat source. Transport the material stored in heat at location X to Y,
Heat is released, and after heat release, the heat storage material is transported back to X for restorage.

(2) The heat storage materials to be transported are considered to be A and B, or A. That is, reactant B is a substance such as water vapor that is normally easily available or discarded, and X
Even if B separated at is not transported to Y, Y
If A is available, a heat dissipation reaction will be possible, so in this case it is only necessary to transport A. The present invention relates to the transportation of only the heat storage material A, regardless of whether or not B is transported.

(3) Under the reaction conditions, substances A, B and A
is a solid particle and B is a gas. That is, when the heat storage material A comes into contact with air for a long time, it reacts with oxygen, carbon dioxide, moisture, etc. in the air, and changes in quality or radiates heat. The present invention is particularly effective against substances that are harmful when they come into contact with the human body.

When constructing a heat storage system under the above conditions, the heat storage tank is normally transported, and this will be explained using FIG. 1 as an example. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a heat storage tank, where 1 represents the heat storage tank body, 2 represents heat transfer tubes in the case of a multi-tubular heat exchanger, and heat transfer plates in the case of a plate heat exchanger. 3 is a heat exchange fluid inflow part to the heat storage tank, 4 is a heat exchange fluid outlet part, 5 is a heat storage material filling part separated from the heat exchange fluid by a heat transfer tube or heat transfer plate 2, and 6 is a heat storage material filling part 5
This is the section where steam enters and exits.

The heat storage process is as follows. That is, since a surplus heat source exists at the location X based on the above condition (1), this heat is introduced from the inflow portion 3 to the heat storage tank via the fluid heat medium. The heat medium is a heat transfer tube or heat transfer plate 2
After imparting heat to the particle layer in the filling part 5 through the heat transfer wall surface while passing through the inside, the particles are discharged from the outflow part 4.
This applied heat causes a reaction from left to right in reaction formula (1), producing a solid A and a gas B. The generated gas B is discharged to the outside of the heat storage tank through the valve 7 attached to the steam inlet/outlet part 6, and is transferred to a storage part (not shown) through operations such as condensation by cooling, liquefaction by compression, and absorption by an absorbent. stored in When the reaction is completed, the valve 7 is closed to isolate the filling section 5 from the outside air, and the heat exchange fluid inflow section 3, outflow section 4, and valve 7 are separated from the piping section (not shown) that connects them. .

In the transportation process, the heat storage tank part shown in Figure 1,
If necessary, the storage portion of B is transported from X to Y by some means of transportation, such as a truck or a railway.

The heat dissipation process is as follows. That is, location Y
, the inflow part 3 is connected to the inflow pipe part of the heat medium for recovering heat, and the outflow part 4 is connected to the discharge pipe part, and the valve 7 is connected to the introduction part of gas B (or to the storage part of B transported at the same time). ).
Then, when the valve 7 is opened while the heat recovery medium is flowing from the inflow part 3 to the outflow part 4, the gas B flows into the heat storage material filling part 5, and the reaction heat is generated by the reaction proceeding from right to left in reaction equation (1). occurs. This heat is transferred to a heat recovery medium through heat transfer tubes or heat transfer plates 2 and is recovered. After the reaction is completed, the valve 7 is closed, and the inflow section 3, the outflow section 4, and the valve 7 are separated from the piping section connected thereto, similarly to the end of the heat storage step.

In the next transportation step, the heat storage tank portion shown in FIG. 1 and, if necessary, the empty container of the B storage section are transported from Y to X. Then, the inflow part 3, the outflow part 4, and the valve 7 are connected to necessary parts, respectively, and the heat storage process is performed again.

The above is a typical heat storage device capable of transporting heat under the above conditions, and the advantages and disadvantages of this case are as follows.

Advantages (a) There is no need to separate heat storage material particles from the heat exchange section. If only the heat storage material particles were to be transported, each cycle of the heat storage/radiation process would require the filling and separation of the particles into the heat exchange section twice, but with this method,
This saves time and requires no equipment.

(b) Also, when moving from the heat storage/dissipation process to the transportation process, it is only necessary to close the valve 7, and the heat storage material does not come into contact with the human body, and the work can be carried out in a state where it is isolated from the outside air. .

Disadvantages (a) Generally, the thermal conductivity of solid particles is low, and if you try to increase the amount of heat transfer per unit time,
The heat transfer area increases and the weight of the heat exchange section increases.
Furthermore, heat storage and heat dissipation reactions are often carried out under increased pressure or reduced pressure, but in this case, the heat storage tank must have a pressure-resistant structure, which increases the weight of the outer shell of the heat storage tank. Therefore, compared to transporting only heat storage material particles, the weight to be transported increases significantly.

(b) When moving from the transportation process to the heat storage/radiation process, it is necessary to connect at least the inflow/outflow part of the heat source or heat medium for heat recovery to the piping part, and the connection of the inflow/outflow part of the reaction gas to the piping part. This connection takes time and effort. Currently, what is called a one-touch type joint is available, but it is actually difficult to obtain one for large diameter piping.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage device that can efficiently transport heat.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat medium circulation chamber having a heat medium inlet and an outlet, a gas circulation chamber having a gas inlet and outlet, and a partition wall formed between these and having an opening in the center. and a heat storage tank outer shell part with an open upper end on the side of the gas flow chamber, a removable top cover provided on the heat storage tank outer shell part, filled with a heat storage substance and located in the heat medium flow chamber. a filling part, a cylindrical part that communicates with the filling part and is located in the gas circulation chamber through the opening, and a partition plate that engages with the partition wall and partitions the heat medium circulation chamber and the gas circulation chamber. An automatic valve is provided in the cylindrical part of the inner shell part, the automatic valve protrudes through an opening provided at the upper end of the inner shell part and is biased in a direction to close the opening. ,
The automatic valve is provided with a protrusion that engages with the protrusion of the automatic valve and presses the opening in the direction when it is attached to the outer shell of the heat storage tank, and the automatic valve is closed simply by removing the top cover, and the inner part is closed. The shell tank can be transported and heat exchanged at another location. At this time, there is no need to transport the outer shell tank during the transportation process, so the transportation weight can be greatly reduced, and there is no need to remove the piping to the heat medium inlet, outlet, or gas inlet of the heat exchanger. The operation is simple, and the heat storage material particles can be easily filled and removed without coming into direct contact with the human body or with the air for a long period of time.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the heat storage device of the present invention.
Reference numeral 11 denotes a heat storage tank outer shell made of a common metal material such as iron or stainless steel, and is composed of a lower heat medium flow chamber 12 and an upper gas flow chamber 13. Reference numeral 14 designates an inner shell portion of the heat storage tank, in which a filling portion 16 for the heat storage material 15 is provided at the lower part and is large enough to fit in the heat medium circulation chamber 12, and the upper portion communicates with the heat storage material filling portion 16. , a cylindrical part 17 protruding into the gas circulation chamber 13 is provided, and a partition plate 18 provided in the middle part is connected to the heat medium circulation chamber 1 of the outer shell part 11.
The heating medium circulation chamber 12 and the gas circulation chamber 13 are placed on a partition wall 19 having an opening in the center provided between the heat medium circulation chamber 12 and the gas circulation chamber 13 via an O-ring 20.
are separated by this. Moreover, the cylindrical part 17
It has an automatic valve 22 on the top of which is normally biased upward in the direction of closing the opening at the top of the cylindrical part 17 by a spring 21, and is provided protruding from the back surface of the top lid 23 when the top lid 23 is closed. The valve is opened by being pushed by the protrusion 24 against the spring 21. The upper cover 23 can be opened and closed in a one-touch manner using a stopper 25, and has a structure in which the outer shell 11 can be sealed via an O-ring 26. Reference numeral 27 denotes a fin provided on the outer periphery of the heat storage material filling portion 16 of the inner shell portion 14, which promotes heat transfer of the heat storage material 15. A hanging tool 28 is installed on the partition plate 18 and is used to take out and take in the inner shell part 14 from the outer shell part 11. 29 and 30 are provided at the bottom of the outer shell 11 to communicate with the heat medium circulation chamber 12, and 31 are provided at the top of the outer shell 11 to communicate with the gas circulation chamber 13. This is the gas inlet/outlet for the reactant gas.

In the step of loading the heat storage material, the upper lid 2 of the outer shell portion 11 is
3, and using the hanging tool 28, remove the inner shell part 1.
4 on the partition wall 19 and seal by pressing the O-ring 26. Next, the upper lid 23 is closed with the stopper 25, but at this time, the protrusion 24 of the upper lid 23
The automatic valve 22 is opened by being pushed downward, and the inside of the heat storage material filling part 16 of the inner shell part 14 and the gas circulation chamber 13 of the outer shell part 11 are communicated with each other.

In the heat storage step, the heat source fluid flows in from the inlet 29 and gives heat to the heat storage material 15 in the filling part 16,
It is discharged from the outlet 30. The heated heat storage material 15 generates gas B by the reaction proceeding from left to right in reaction formula (1), which is discharged from the gas inlet/outlet 31 via the gas distribution chamber 13, and condenses, although not shown in the figure.
It is stored or disposed of by methods such as liquefaction under pressure.

In the heat dissipation process, on the contrary, gas B is supplied from the gas inlet/outlet 31, is absorbed by the heat storage material, and a reaction occurs from right to left in reaction formula (1), generating heat. This heat is transferred to the heat recovery fluid flowing in from the inlet 29,
It is collected from the outlet 30.

In the process of taking out the heat storage material, when the top cover 23 is opened after the heat storage or heat dissipation process is completed, contrary to the loading process, the automatic valve 22 is automatically closed, and the inner shell part 14 is suspended using the hanging tool 28. This part is then transported by suitable means of transport to the location where the next process will be carried out.

As described above, according to the present invention, when heat storage and radiation is performed at another location, the following effects can be obtained.

(b) Although it is necessary to separate and attach the parts filled with heat storage material particles in the heat storage and heat dissipation processes, the heat storage material particles do not come into contact with the human body or come into contact with the air for a long time. Easy to do.

(b) Since only the portion filled with heat storage material particles is transported, the transport weight is greatly reduced.

(c) It is not necessary to remove the heat storage tank, heat source and heat medium piping for heat recovery, and reaction gas inlet and outlet, and the heat storage and release process can be performed with simple operations.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a normal heat storage tank, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the heat storage tank used in the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Heat storage tank outer shell part, 12... Heat medium circulation chamber, 13... Gas circulation chamber, 14... Heat storage tank inner shell part, 15... Heat storage material, 16... Heat storage material filling part, 18... Partition plate, 22... Automatic valve, 23...
Upper lid, 24... protrusion, 25... stopper, 28...
Hanging tool, 29, 30... heat medium inlet and outlet, 31... gas inlet/outlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heating medium distribution chamber having an inlet and an outlet for a heating medium, a gas distribution chamber having a gas inlet and an outlet, and a partition wall formed between these and having an opening in the center, and the upper end on the side of the gas distribution chamber is An open outer shell of the heat storage tank is provided, a removable top lid is provided on the outer shell of the heat storage tank, and the filled part is in communication with a filling part filled with a heat storage material and located in the heat medium circulation chamber. an inner shell portion having a cylindrical portion located in the gas flow chamber through the opening, and a partition plate that engages with the partition wall to partition the heat medium flow chamber and the gas flow chamber; The cylindrical part of the part is provided with an automatic valve that protrudes through an opening provided at the upper end thereof and is biased in a direction to close the opening, and the lid part is provided with an automatic valve that protrudes through an opening provided at the upper end of the part and is biased in a direction to close the opening. A heat storage device comprising a protrusion that engages with a protrusion of an automatic valve and presses the opening in a direction to open the opening.