JPS63105110A - Conjugate fiber with outstanding tints - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the titled conjugate fiber in which two or more components are mutually different in color, free from development of fiber break, curl, debonding, etc., also free of color fading due to dry cleaning operations, useful as a material for curtain cloths, umbrella cloths, swimming suits, wigs, etc. CONSTITUTION:The objective conjugate fiber can be obtained by feeding a multi-component spinning machine with, for example, a matrix component polymer 1 and colored island component polymers 2, 3, 4 to make a conjugate spinning. The coloring operation is made either by adding, pref. in-organic pigment to the polymerization system for said polymers 2, 3, 4 or by kneading the master chips incorporated with high-concentration colorant and uncolored chips. This conjugate fiber may be used as it is as a conjugate yarn, or gas an assembly of the fiber with two or more kinds of color after removing included components.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a novel composite fiber with rich color effects.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, fibers have been colored by externally coloring them with dyes, or by spun dyed yarns by mixing colorants at the raw material stage.

Examples of different types of coloring on a single fiber include a bimetallic structure made of polymers of different components, dyed and colored, and a type in which different types of films are bonded together and slit into threads. In addition, as a method of coloring the inside of the fiber, a seabird-shaped composite fiber is made with island components made of different polymers with different dyeing groups, and a dye that can dye the island components is used.
Attempts have been made to dye island components in different colors using one or two baths.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

To achieve different colors, bimetallic composite yarns use polymers with different dyeing groups, but this method differs depending on the difference in melt viscosity between the different polymers. In general, spinning is difficult because bending occurs in the fibers.

Also, curls occur in the yarn during stretching and dyeing. Although this curling may be convenient, it is usually unnecessary and has the disadvantage that the bonded portion may peel off.

This is due to the fatal fact that polymers are heterogeneous.

In addition, the method of dyeing sea-island composite fibers with different polymers as island components in different colors by Shun dyeing requires spinning and drawing different polymers under the same conditions. (This limits the selection of polymers.) There are problems with multi-colored dyeing, such as the following:

(a) Phase separation between sea-island polymers occurs due to compatibility between the respective polymers, resulting in sea-split island exposure.

(b) Spinning is difficult due to the spinneret being directed downward due to differences in melt viscosity and fluidity, and yarn breakage due to interaction between polymers.

(C) Curls tend to occur during stretching.

(d) Dyeing cannot be done in one time, or it must be done in two or three times, resulting in high costs.

(e) There is also contamination of ocean components and mutual contamination of island components, resulting in poor clarity.

On the other hand, dyed yarn has the characteristic that it is already colored at the raw yarn stage, and although it can be expected to have many uses, its current production volume is small. The reason for this is that the colorants that can be used to meet the requirements are limited. In other words, coloring agents with vivid colors, which are most needed, often have drawbacks such as fading during dry cleaning and color transfer when worn, and furthermore, they have poor weather resistance and chemical resistance. .

As a result of various studies, the present inventors have arrived at the present invention with the prospect of providing a composite fiber that actively compensates for the above-mentioned drawbacks and also exhibits color effects due to unique colors that have not been seen in the past.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has the following configuration.

A composite fiber with excellent color, characterized in that at least two components of the composite fiber are composed of different colors.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The composite fiber referred to in the present invention is one in which at least two components have different colors, and the cross section thereof is shown in FIGS. 1 to 13 as examples.

Figures 1 to 8 show island components distributed and contained in the sea component, and are called seabird type. In Figure 1, a sea component 1 consists of islands 2, 3, and 4 of different colors.

In FIGS. 2 and 4, the islands have a bimetallic structure with different colors. FIG. 5 shows an example in which islands of different colors are mutually dispersed in the sea component, and in FIG. 6, one of the islands in FIG. 5 has a bimetallic structure of a different color. In Fig. 7, the outer peripheral island and the central island are different colors, and in Fig. 8, the outer peripheral island changes colors alternately, and the central island has a different color.

Figures 9 and 10 are arranged as in Figures 5 and 6, but
This is generally called a peel-off type.

Figure 11 shows a hollow type with different colored components 6 and 5 intervening components.
7 are arranged alternately.

FIG. 12 is an example of mixed spinning.

FIG. 13 shows a bimetal structure with different color components 8, 9, and 10.

As described above, the highly colored conjugate fiber of the present invention requires that at least two components are colored with different colors. If the coloring is done by one component, the aggregate will have the same color and will not exhibit the color effect of different colors, so at least two or more colors are required. However, if it is necessary to use many colors, there will be problems with the manufacturing equipment, and if the number of components increases, each component will inevitably become thinner, resulting in poor color development, so 2 to 7 colors are preferred. More preferably 3 to 5 colors.

The polymer used for this composite fiber may be any polymer that has fiber-forming properties, such as polyamide, nylon 6.66.610, polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate and various copolymers thereof, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. Polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride systems such as polyvinyl chloride systems, polystyrene and copolymer modified products, acrylic polymers, etc.

Each of the components in the composite fiber may be the same polymer or different. It may be selected appropriately depending on the application while considering the compatibility and viscosity of the polymer.

Coloring refers to intentional coloring, and includes the original color of the polymer and materials added for other purposes, such as polymerization catalysts, heat stabilizers, and titanium oxide (for matting purposes). Items added to increase the number of seats) are not included.

The coloring method involves adding a coloring agent in advance during polymerization to form chips, which are then melted and weighed as-is and sent to a die to become the coloring component.

Alternatively, a master chip kneaded with a high-temperature coloring agent and a dyed chip may be mixed, melted, kneaded, weighed, and sent to a nozzle as a coloring component.

Generally, the colorants that can be used are limited depending on the polymer, and it is necessary to select the colorant depending on the purpose of use. Dyes and pigments are used to color the polymer. Dyes are superior in terms of color clarity, but pigments are superior in terms of heat resistance and weather resistance. Since heat is applied during polymerization and fiberization, it is preferable to use pigments as raw materials. A coloring agent is used in the form of a paste, masterbatch, or granule by adding a processing agent to the pigment.

Pigments can be broadly divided into organic and inorganic.

Organic pigments have vivid colors and excellent tinting power, while inorganic pigments have excellent weather resistance and chemical resistance. The conditions that the coloring agent must meet are: (1) It must have a clear color tone. (2) Excellent dispersibility. (3) Chemical resistance, (4) Migration resistance,
(5) Excellent heat resistance. (6) No interference during polymerization, etc.

The cross-sectional shape of the entire fiber and the coloring component is not only circular, but also includes all known deformed cross-sections such as triangular, polygonal, multilobal, and rectangular shapes. The overall cross-sectional shape and the cross-sectional shape of the coloring component can be selected independently.

The structural action of the sea-island type composite fiber in which islands as shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 are distributed and contained in the sea component will be described.

It is preferable that the sea component has good transparency so that the originally colored island color can be seen outside. Therefore, it is preferable not to add other things to the polymer, but they may be added for purposes such as the original color of the polymer, matteness, flame retardance, etc.

Alternatively, the island may be colored in a light color that brings out the color of the island without damaging it. This coloring can be done as original dyeing, but
Post-staining may also be used.

The characteristic feature of this seabird-type composite fiber is that the sea component covers the island component, which is the doped part, so that the dot-dyed island is not exposed on the outside. For this reason, it acts as a sea component concealing sheet, eliminates the fear of color transfer when worn during dry cleaning, and has the effect of preventing deterioration due to light. Therefore, there is a great deal of room for selection of colorants, such as the use of colorants with vivid tones that have not conventionally met the requirements.

In addition, by making the islands within the single fibers dyed with two or more colors, a unique color effect can be produced from within the fiber, which was previously unachievable.

When a single OIi fiber is viewed from the outside, the colors differ in the diametrical direction. Overlapping islands (colors) indicate composite colors;
The composite color also exhibits a color effect in which the degree of color changes sequentially depending on the part.

Also this single. By assembling a large number of tffl, it shows an iridescent color, and by combining the rough island color scheme and threads of different colors, each one interferes with each other and shows a subtle hue, further enhancing the color sense.

One way to make the color of the islands more vivid is to make the refractive index of the polymer of the sea component smaller than the refractive index of the island component. The proportion of incident light entering the colored island components increases, making the islands appear thicker from the outside, and the colors can be seen more clearly. In addition, if the refractive index is chosen in the opposite direction, if the islands occupying the cross section are thin and there are few breaks, there will be areas where the transmitted light in the diametrical direction will appear transparent (for example, with the structure shown in Figure 1). . This is thought to be because the interface between the sea and the island is an arc, and the difference in refractive index causes complex reflections on the island's surface.

When the fibers are twisted and viewed through a beam of light, the colors appear to vary in the direction of the fibers. Parts that appear to be a monochromatic color (one color island), composite colors, transparent parts, etc. appear alternately.

Next, in the case of composite fibers shown in Figures 9 to 11, a part of the coloring component is exposed, and the selection of the coloring agent for the coloring component is more difficult than in the case of the composite fibers being distributed in the sea component. It gets a little narrow. However, the color effect of two or more color components is not inferior in any way due to the fact that the colors of the colored components are directly visible without going through the sea component, and the effect of the non-colored components placed between the colored components.

Furthermore, in the case of composite fibers obtained by mixed spinning as shown in FIG. 12, the colored components are necessarily limited in the fiber axis direction, and it is difficult to arrange the colored components at intended positions. Therefore, colors appear randomly in the length direction, exhibiting complex color effects that cannot be calculated.

The fibers shown in Figure 13 were obtained by coloring each of the components 8, 9 and 10 and then spinning them. Since it is colored before spinning, all polymers of the same type can be used. Therefore, after forming a bimetallic structure using different polymers, phase separation, which occurs during dyeing, does not occur.

The conjugate fiber of the present invention may be used as a conjugate yarn as it is, or depending on the application, intervening components may be removed and used as an aggregate of fibers colored in two or more colors.

In such a case, the fibers of different colors are mixed very uniformly, which is completely different from the conventional method in which ordinary denier fibers of different colors are mixed and made into 1 q. Especially when the fibers are thin, the uniformity of mixing is incomparable.

The fineness is preferably from 1 to 1000 deniers per filament, more preferably from 2 to 500 deniers because of its wide variety of uses. For special purposes,
For example, for artificial flowers, sudare, etc., the fiber diameter is 0.5 to 3.
A gut-like material with a speed of around rpm is also preferably used.

The fibers of the present invention are suitably used as filament yarns, stable yarns, and non-woven yarns.

Examples of applications of the composite fiber of the present invention include inter-knitting of yarns with different color schemes of coloring components, vertical and horizontal fabrics, etc. Not only the reflected light from these fabrics, but also the light that enters through the fabrics has a very good color effect. Suitable for use where color effects are required, such as curtain fabric, umbrella fabric, swimsuits, decorative threads, leotards, women's clothing, artificial cups, and the sash of artificial fur. For an unusual purpose, the thick string can also be used as a sudare.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to Examples.
The invention is not limited thereby.

Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.80112 titanium O as the sea component, and three doped chips to which a coloring agent was added during polymerization as the island component (red, yellow, orange) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0
．． 66 polyethylene terephthalate was used. Spinning and drawing was performed using a multi-component spinning machine under the following conditions.

Mouth: 3 islands x 18 filament spinning temperature
285°C Component ratio Island/Sea 51 (17+17+17)/49 Take-up speed 1500 m/min Drawing ratio 3.75 times Drawn yarn 100D x 18F (3 islands) Figure 1 shows the cross section of the composite fiber obtained with good spinning and drawing. Indicated.

The yarn obtained by drawing was made into a woven fabric with a flat weave in both warp and weft. When this was processed into the outer surface of a desk lamp cover, it was possible to obtain warm lighting with soft colors and no bling on the inside. This fabric was subjected to a color fading test by dry cleaning using Triclean, but no color fading was observed.

Comparative Example 1 The following experiment was conducted to try dyeing (piece dyeing) after spinning and drawing.

Polyethylene (MI value 22) as sea component, island component and '
(1) polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.80, (2) nylon 6 with a relative viscosity of 2.60, and (3) cationic dyeable polyethylene terephthalate 1 with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.66. Other than this, spinning was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, but the thread surface was uneven under the spinneret and dripping occurred, and the thread could not be wound normally due to breakage during take-up. A good portion of this yarn was stretched, but the yarn after stretching was curled and partially cracked, exposing island components. For this reason, it did not reach staining test 1~.

(Effects of the Invention) The effects of the multicolored composite fiber of the present invention are as follows.

(1) The fibers themselves have heterochromatic properties and are excellent in extremely complex color effects.

(2) Compared to the post-dyeing method, (a) there is no contamination of sea components and island components due to dyeing, and the results are clear.

(b) Since the same type of polymer can be used, there is no yarn breakage during spinning, curling after stretching, or peeling of sea islands due to compatibility.

(3) Colorants with vivid tones can be used because they can cover the weak points of base dyes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 8 and 12 are cross-sectional views showing examples of composite fibers of the present invention composed of a sea component and island components of different colors, and Figures 9 to 11 are cross-sectional views of intervening components and island components of different colors. FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing an example of the conjugate fiber of the present invention composed of components of different colors. 1: Sea component 2.3.4, 6.7, 8, 9, 10: Unique color component 5: Intervening component Patent applicant Higashishi Co., Ltd. (No change to the content of the drawing) , S Zu Ka 4 Meto 130 1, Indication of the case 1986 Patent Application No. 245385 2, Name of the invention Composite fiber with excellent color 3, Person making the amendment 1% i person for patent related to the case Indication of residence Implementation 1 Display change address 2-2-1 Nihonbashi Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
Month - Name (315) Toshi Co., Ltd. January 27, 1985 (Start Gate) 5. Subject of amendment ・Drawing Q order 6. Contents of amendment ``Reason for the drawing originally attached to the application/As per attached sheet. (Contents (changed))

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A composite fiber with excellent color, characterized in that at least two components of the composite fiber are composed of different colors.