JPS6285022A - Fine-denier polyester uneven yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The titled uneven yarn having a soft feeling, improved handleability and functionality, wherein thick-denier parts are dispersed in a specific state and periods between uneven parts satisfy a specific condition on a spectrograph. CONSTITUTION:Fine-denier polyester uneven yarn containing single yarn having <=1.5 single yarn denier, wherein value (P50) at 50cm period on a spectrograph is <=1/2 maximum(Pmax) at 50cm period so that the yarn has >=1.1g.de primary yield strength and <=33% breaking elongation. The yarn has thick and thin unevenness in the length direction, >=2.0, preferably >=3.0 ratio of thickness and thinness, wherein the uneven parts contain a small amount of long period and are well dispersed (chart feed rate is 8m/min and chart range is 25% at normal test in measuring condition of spectrograph).

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention relates to a polyester fiber speckled yarn, and more specifically to a fine denier polyester speckled yarn that has an extremely good texture, is fluffy, and has a soft texture. be.

<Prior Art> It has been known that when undrawn polyester yarn is drawn incompletely, mottled yarns are obtained. (Special Public Service 51-72
No. 07, JP-A-58-70711). Naturally, the more the mottling is emphasized, the stronger the characteristics such as texture will appear in the mottled thread, but if the mottling is emphasized, a low-oriented unstretched portion will remain, reducing the ease of handling and functionality. . Therefore, it has good characteristics! ：Products are inevitably inferior in terms of functionality, and products with no functional problems have fewer features.
This is the current state of products using this thread. Of course, the idea of improving the functionality of spotted yarn is disclosed in the special publication No. 7207/1983 published by the museum, but it is still far from satisfactory. At 70%, yarns with no denier unevenness are shown as a whole, but in the case of yarns of this level, the -order yield strength is at most 1. Og/de, Sumoto shrinkage rate of 15% or more, easy to handle.

The current situation is that it does not fully meet the recent needs for higher quality in terms of functionality.

Furthermore, without considering the above-mentioned problems of handling and functionality, m
In terms of the texture characteristics that appear when knitted,
Although it exhibits a spun-touch, natural-like texture that is completely different from conventional fully oriented drawn yarn, it is desired to supply polyester drawn yarn that exhibits a softer, fuller texture as a high-value-added material. From this point of view, further improvement in texture has been desired.

<Object of the invention> The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, 1.
The object of the present invention is to provide a polyester mottled yarn that has improved handling properties and has a softer, fluffier texture that is not found in conventional fully oriented polyester drawn yarns and conventional polyester mottled yarns.

<Structure of the Invention> In order to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present invention conducted various studies and found that, surprisingly, the speckles (thick denier portions) in polyester speckled yarn are in a special/dispersed state.
Furthermore, regarding the periodicity of the condition C' spots and spots, when the speckle pattern (4) was fully 16, the primary M yield strength and elongation of the spots were meekly improved, and in this case, the conventional polynisdel spots Yarn Odor-C It has become clear that fine denier yarn, which has been difficult to produce due to process conditions, can be easily and smoothly obtained.

That is, the present invention provides a multifilament yarn containing single fibers having human silk in the length direction, a thickness ratio (denier ratio) of 2°01s or more, and a single fiber denier of 1.5 or less. As for the yarn, the spectrographer's circumference 1v150α value (P50) obtained in a normal test is less than 1/2 of the maximum value (pmaX), and as a result,
It is a fine denier polynisdel speckled yarn characterized by having a primary yield strength of 1.1 g/de or more and a breaking elongation of 33% or less.

In the present invention, the spectrograph refers to the Worcester spectrograph developed by Zellvega in Switzerland, and the measurement conditions are (a) normal test, (O) chart feed rate 8 m/min, (/4 The chart range is 25%.This Worcester spectrograph can be used to quickly analyze plaque content in parallel with a regular plaque test, and is particularly useful for determining the pitch of plaques. It is explained in detail in ``Theory and Practice of Unevenness'' (published by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers), pages 255 to 372.

In order to make the explanation concrete, examples of a conventional speckled yarn and a speckled spectrograph of the present invention are shown in FIGS.
The figure is a chart of mottled threads obtained by retesting Example 1 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-7207. Figure 2 is a chart of mottled threads obtained by retesting Example 1 of JP-A-58-70711. Figure 3 shows the speckled threads obtained in Example 1 of the present invention, which will be described later.

When comparing FIGS. 1 and 2 (conventional) and FIG. 3 (present invention), there is a remarkable difference that can be said to be characteristic in P 50 / P max defined by the present invention.

In the case of toe protection, P 50 / P max exceeds 1/2 (Fig. 1...0.81, Fig. 2...0.60
), in the restoration it is clearly less than 17'2 (Fig. 3...
0.2t3), and it was found that this difference had a great effect on the handleability and mechanical properties of the mottled yarn.

The reason for this is still not completely clear, but
In the case of Figures 1 and 2 (P50/Pmax > 1/2
), thick part on the back) with long periods are mixed, whereas in Fig. 3 (P 50 / P l1laX ≦
In the case of 1/2), it is presumed that this is due to the fact that the back part is more uniformly dispersed without particularly containing many long periods.

Incidentally, the unloading curves of the spotted yarn in Figures 1 to 3 are shown in Figures 4 and 6, respectively, and the following table summarizes each physical property from these.

As is clear from the surface of the article, the P50'P of the spotted thread
By setting the value of max to a low value of -1, the elongation of the mottled thread despite having large thick and thin mottles, = -order yield strength, BWS
(This is new knowledge that has never been seen before, and at the same time, the elongation is 33% when the value is 1.・'2.
Hereinafter, the -order yield strength will be expressed as 1.17. It was also found that the threads were more than .

This type of polyester mottled yarn is polyester powder (semi-)
When drawing the drawn yarn, disperse drawing is carried out, that is, the drawing points are focused on the entire yarn. :f;; It can be obtained by adopting a drawing mode (in which each single fiber is made to act independently). Specifically: (1) Do not apply concentrated stress to the yarn (ii) Do not intensively heat the yarn (to) Reduce friction between fibers (C)...1 Lower the oil agent 11 (C)...2
To be more specific, the undrawn low-oriented polyester yarn containing 1.0% by weight or more of titanium oxide and spun at a low speed is used to spread the filament. It is necessary to stretch at a low magnification while dispersing unevenness to a greater degree than in the past. For example, the spinning speed is at most 2000 m/min, preferably 1
It is preferable that the orientation is 500 ml win or less, and if the degree of orientation is also 13X10-3 or less in terms of birefringence, preferably 10X10' or less, a sufficient thick-to-thin ratio can be obtained.

Further, it is preferable that o, p, and u applied during spinning be 0.7% or less, and it is further desirable that the denier and cross-sectional shape of the single fibers be made different if possible. In this case, it is also effective to vary the cooling air effect during spinning. It is also useful to thoroughly squeeze it out before stretching. The straining tension must be at least 0.2 g/de of the supplied raw yarn, but if it is too strong, spots with poor dispersibility will be created in advance and will remain until the end, so this situation may occur. should be avoided, and for that purpose the tension should be reduced to 1. It is better to make it less than Oy/de. Furthermore, during stretching, it is necessary to avoid concentrated stress and concentrated heating as much as possible, and to avoid alignment of the stretching points. For example, during stretching, it is better not to bend or otherwise sharply bend the material, and concentrated partial heating in a narrow area is also undesirable. It is preferable to heat the yarn as a whole over a long range while keeping it as flat as possible, and the temperature is preferably set to 155° C. or higher, which is the glass transition temperature of the raw yarn. If this temperature is low, the dispersion effect of neck points being scattered over a long range during stretching is reduced. Even if the yarn is preheated, the preheating temperature should not exceed this temperature. In other words, it is a hole where the stretching points are concentrated. Preheating the 1K yarn is effective in preventing draw wrap and increasing the drawability, but the possibility of flame generation is undesirable.Even if C1 preheating is performed, it is better not to increase it too much.As for the draw ratio, Less than the natural draw ratio of yarn C
It is necessary to leave sufficient low stretching ratio by stretching 1.
By doing so, thick uneven portions are formed due to the aforementioned low orientation of the yarn. Even if the dispersibility is improved and the oiliness is increased, it is meaningless if this mottled effect is not present, and for this purpose, the thick weave must have a thick to fine ratio (denier ratio) of 2.0 times or more. It must contain a fiber portion that is more preferably 3.0 times thicker than the Iff portion. When the mottled threads produced in this manner are further strongly entangled, the low-orientation portion and the high-orientation portion become entangled, further enhancing their complementary relationship. However, such an effect is usually not achieved by a degree of entanglement that gives the thread conjugation properties, and it is necessary to provide at least 40 or more entanglements per m, preferably 60 or more, and an E entanglement. is desirable.

Furthermore, the polyester used here is a polyester whose main repeating unit is polyethylene terephthalate, and may be a modified polyester containing a third component. In addition to improving properties, the average single yarn denier must be 1.5 or less in order to be able to provide polyester fibers that have a soft, extremely good feel that is closer to natural than conventional polyester fibers. It has been found that this can be achieved by using polyester fibers.

Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of undrawn polyester fibers, and when the natural drawing ratio and width of the fibers are stretched (
It becomes a uniform thin drawn fiber as shown in (θ), but when it is stretched at a low magnification of its natural drawing ratio, it becomes completely drawn as shown in (c).
: The stretched part (a) and the stretched part (a) are stretched and cut by -1- minutes, (
This results in an incompletely drawn yarn with a mixture of incompletely drawn yarns. These incompletely stretched portions (peaks) are dyed deeply or have different physical properties, creating a unique texture effect. Konoko is a so-called Th1ck and Th1n yarn and one thread that has been known for a long time. However, when such incomplete stretching is performed, the incompletely stretched portions will naturally still stretch if pulled, so the resulting yarn has the disadvantage of stretching in a sloppy manner. For example, FIG. 8(d) shows the conventional T hick and
This is an example of Thin's unloading curve, and as shown, the curve is long horizontally, and the elongation is usually large. The elongation of Tsutomu Polynisdel filament yarn is about 25% at most, but if it is made into an incompletely drawn yarn by such low drawing ratio, its elongation will be as high as 35% or more, making it more difficult to draw than ordinary yarn. In comparison, it is inevitable that it will be inferior in terms of handling and performance, such as elongation during use and poor dimensional stability. Of course, as the stretching ratio is increased, the degree of elongation will decrease, but the characteristics of incomplete stretching will be lost and the effect will be lost. Therefore, a yarn having an incomplete stretching effect always has a fatal defect as a yarn with such high elongation. Furthermore, such incompletely drawn yarns have a low primary yield strength and a clear yielding, and the elastic recovery limit is exceeded even with a small force, making the yarns even more difficult to handle.

The present invention overcomes these disadvantages and realizes a mottled thread that sufficiently exhibits the incompletely drawn characteristics without increasing the elongation, and does not contain more than a certain percentage of long-period mottling.
Surprisingly, if the incompletely stretched parts are extremely mixed so that 0/P max is 1/2 or less (e)
It was discovered that incompletely drawn yarns with the elongation of fully drawn yarns can be produced. The reason for this is not well understood, but perhaps when the incompletely stretched parts (b) become extremely crowded as shown in the model diagram in Figure 9 (f), the incompletely stretched parts (b
), there is always a fully stretched part fa)...that is, it does not stretch.
Since . (In order to make this diagram easier to understand, the incompletely stretched portion is drawn shorter than it actually is, but it may actually be longer.) Conventionally, the incompletely stretched portion is relatively dispersed in this way. The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 7207/1983 also proposes that the appearance be made frosty and that yarn breakage during heat treatment can be prevented by adding a grain.

However, such speckled yarn still has a very high elongation, and this problem has not been solved at all. In the present invention, by significantly reducing the degree of dispersion and at the same time not containing more than a proportion of long circumference Lv1 yarn, the elongation can be made to be the same as that of the through-drawn yarn layer while sufficiently completing the incompletely drawn portion. They realized a new thread structure that could not be predicted by conventional wisdom. 91J Theory In this case, it is possible to reduce the elongation by increasing the draw ratio or stretching the yarn further, but this would also eliminate the effect of incomplete drawing, making it meaningless. In the case of the present invention, a major feature C is that it is possible to create a low elongation while including an incompletely elongated portion with a thickness ratio of 2.0 times or more, preferably 3.0 times or more. .

Example λ For example, poly 1 stell polymer at 1200 m/mi
When melt-spun with a culm degree of n, the result is a completely drawn yarn with a draw ratio of about 3.0 times and a draw ratio of about 30%. In order to make this into an incompletely drawn yarn, the drawing ratio may be lowered. However, if the drawing ratio is as high as before, the elongation will also increase as the drawing ratio is lowered as shown in Figure 10. In order to make an effective incompletely drawn yarn, the drawing ratio must be at least It is necessary to lower the natural draw ratio of the raw yarn (2.5 times in this case) or less, and the elongation depends considerably on I. 0.8=2
．． About 4 times the elongation is used, but if this is done, the elongation becomes 1 higher as shown in ■ compared to the completely drawn yarn ■ in FIG. Generally, the elongation of yarn that is easy to handle is about 20 to 33%, so this is too much and difficult to handle. However, with the yarn of the present invention.

With such low magnification uneven stretching, the result is no different from ordinary yarn as shown in b◎. Also, the primary yield strength at that time is 1.1/d
It becomes higher than e, and there is no clear yielding phenomenon, and the handling property is better than JL-1.

In addition, the same is true for spinning speeds; the lower the spinning speed is, the lower the molecular orientation of the undrawn yarn is; The outer part becomes larger and the effect is great, but on the other hand, the low orientation part is weak ('handling is poor. Therefore, the spinning speed is increased to increase the degree of orientation of the C molecules, and the highly oriented unstretched part causes this embrittlement. Efforts have been made to prevent this (18718-1986, etc.). For example, the spinning speed of 99 pieces is 1200 m/mih"C:
Prevented raw yarn'r: When a mottled yarn is made, the fiber becomes extremely brittle when the fabric is reduced with alkali, and as shown in Figure 11 (■), the wet rubbing fastness measurement value is 1 to 2, making it completely unusable. You can only get things at a level that is not available.

Conventionally, this embrittlement was prevented by increasing the spinning speed of the yarn and increasing its orientation, as shown in ■, but on the other hand, increasing the spinning speed in this way required a relatively small drawing ratio. As a result, as shown in FIG. 12, the ratio (denier ratio) of the instep fibers in the unevenly stretched portion and the completely stretched portion becomes small, resulting in a trade-off in which the effect as a spotted yarn is lost. However, conventional common sense predicts that if the spots are highly dispersed and the long-period spots are kept below a certain percentage as in the present invention, even ordinary spun yarns can sufficiently withstand alkali embrittlement as shown in Figure 11 (■). You can get amazing results that are difficult to achieve. Although the reason for this is not well understood, it is probably because the fully drawn fibers wrap around and protect the incompletely drawn portions, as explained in the section regarding elongation.

In conventional mottled yarns, the difference in shrinkage rate between the incompletely stretched and completely stretched areas causes the fabric to hang, resulting in unevenness called the so-called puff effect. If the fibers are dispersed in the fibers and do not include long periods, puffs will not appear and the fabric will be in a uniform bulky state.

In addition, as the name suggests, conventional mottled threads produce slab-like mottling on the fabric, and are not commonly used except when used for appearance effects. In this regard, in the present invention, although the yarn contains low-orientation parts, it does not have very clear spots, and only the texture effect due to the mixture of high-low orientation parts is noticeable.
A very common material is (q).

Furthermore, the present invention has made it possible to produce fine denier fibers, which were caused by the occurrence of single filament breakage or yarn breakage during drawing in conventional polyester mottled yarn production techniques. Improving the handling and functionality of the yarn product also led to greater stability in the spinning process.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide polyester mottled yarn having improved texture. -However, in conventional polyester mottled yarn, the thick and fine fibers are
However, it was difficult to improve the texture to a soft, full-bodied texture by ignoring production difficulties and changing the average denier of the single yarns. When the thick and thin fiber portions are uniformly mixed by RF according to the present invention, the denier in the longitudinal direction of the polyester yarn is almost uniform, so it has been found that the average of the constituent single yarns has a direct effect on the texture. did. The average denier of the medium yarn is 1
．． When it is 5 or less, the polyester fiber has a softer, spun-touch feel that is not found in conventional polyester fibers due to the high degree of dispersion of the thick portions described in -.

If the average single yarn denier exceeds 1.5, the stiffness and tension of polyester woven or knitted fabrics will be strong, resulting in a polyester fiber that lacks a soft feel. It turned out to be difficult to get a good match. When the average single yarn denier satisfies the condition of 1.5 or less, it is possible to provide a soft and characteristic polyester fiber that is closer to natural vA than the objective of the present invention.

The functions and effects of the present invention are summarized as shown in FIG. 14.

In the present invention, the primary yield strength is expressed by the strength at the inflection point on the unloading curve, that is, the first point where the curve bends with the smallest radius of curvature (arrow in the figure), as shown in FIG. Then, the unloading curve itself was determined using a universal tensile tester (manufactured by Instron) with a test length of 20
B. Measurement was carried out under the conditions of tensile speed 100%/ll1in, n = 10, and the elongation was read as usual.
Determine at the breaking point (the point where the strength suddenly drops).

In addition, the natural drawing ratio is calculated by stretching the undrawn yarn.
It is expressed in the magnification of a point that suddenly rises from a flow state.

In addition, regarding the way to express the thick/fine ratio of a single f Jilff, normally a stretched uneven yarn is not completely divided into two parts, an unstretched part and a completely stretched part, but the part between them changes continuously.

Therefore, even if it is simply called the thick-to-thin ratio, the average value can be any value depending on how far into the unstretched part it is counted. Therefore, in the present invention, the standard is expressed based on the maximum thickness ratio (denier ratio) of uAN that is substantially included.

Example 1 A spinnable polymer having polyethylene terephthalate as the main repeating unit was spun at 1000 m, /+in, and the birefringence = a, sx 1o-a, natural stretch ratio -2
, 6, 220D e/3 with glass transition temperature = 67℃
6F it undrawn yarn, ○plJ=o, 4%
It was oiled and rolled up. Next, this undrawn yarn was rubbed with a sharp edge while applying a tension of 0.47/de, and then placed in a hollow oven at 50°C.
~160 with flat surface after preheating with roller
The fibers were carefully stretched at a stretching ratio of 2.5 times while rubbing the fibers on a heating plate at a temperature of 2.5 times with a straight edge without making any sharp angles, and wound up as a 50De/36F it speckled yarn. The spectrograph and unloading curve of the obtained speckled yarn are as shown in Figures 3 and 6, respectively (physical properties are No. 1 in Table 1,
3) In practical terms, it had the same handling characteristics as the normal system. Next, this was used as a weave to weave with a twill structure, and a 20% alkali reduction was applied to make a Goera fabric.

The resulting fabric is treated as a knee cloth, and has no problems such as creep or creep, and has a wet friction fastness of 3 against embrittlement due to alkali reduction.
It showed a value different from that of grade 4 to ¥C, and exhibited functionality similar to that of ordinary drawn yarn. Moreover, the texture is warm, crisp,
In addition to drapability, it has an extremely soft and full texture due to its small single yarn denier, and it has no drawbacks in handling or functionality, which were problems in the past, and it also has an extremely natural finish. It was the first time that something could simultaneously satisfy these two contradictory characteristics.

In this case, the tension when tightening with the edge should be 0.3!
If lowered to 7/de, P50/Pmax of the yarn made
= 0.39, elongation = 27.0%, −thickness strength =
It became 1.7!7/de. Furthermore, when OPU is increased to 0°8%, P50/PmaX = 0.77, elongation -50,
1%, −th order yield point = 1. og, /de, and the wet rubbing fastness decreased to grade 2 due to embrittlement due to alkali reduction. Furthermore, when this ironing step was completely removed and the plate was stretched with a sudden sensitivity and strong drifting in the stretching section, P50/Pn+ax = 0.80, elongation -6
2%, -Next fold strength = 0.9!7/de, the resulting fabric had many sink marks and hangings, and was a decorative fabric with a clearly visible ring pattern.

The incidence of single yarn breakage during drawing under each of the above weighing conditions is as follows: Table 2 Examples 2 to 4 Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Polyester speckled yarn was obtained by stretching under the same conditions as in Example 1 with various changes (tension: 0.4'j/de, O
pu O, 4%) fabric. The physical properties and texture of the yarn at this time are as shown in the table below: P50/Pwax is 50% or less, -order yield strength is 1.19/de or more, and elongation at break is 33%.
or less, and when the average single yarn denier was 1.5 or less, a good hand feeling was obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are spectrographs of conventional polyester mottled threads, Figure 3 are spectrographs of polyester mottled threads of the present invention, and Figures 4 and 5 are unloading curves of the mottled threads shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. Figure 6 shows the unloading curve of the spotted yarn shown in Figure 3, Figure 7 is a model diagram of flame generation due to incomplete stretching, and Figure 8 shows the difference between the unloading curve of the conventional spotted yarn and the spotted yarn of the present invention. For example, FIG. 9 is a structural model diagram of the mottled yarn of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between drawing ratio and yarn elongation, and FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between spinning speed and embrittlement. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between spinning speed and thick-to-thin ratio, FIG. 13 is a diagram explaining the primary yield point of the unloading curve, and FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the effect of the present invention.
It is a figure explaining an effect. In FIGS. 7 and 9, (a)...completely stretched part +b
+... Incompletely stretched portion. Engraving of drawings (no changes in content) Figure 1 Figure 2 345 Io 20304050
to. Q-Pe Figure 5 Figure 6 Oto 2030405060' / Figure 7 (A) (B) (C) Figure 0 Inauthenticity Figure 9 Figure 10 Court Nakashin Li Figure 6 Viscosity -m Figure 1Z Shinto 2 Figure 14 (7-) 2 ■ Length I 1 turn small step Kukal (Su) Thread Hino Glukido rt, s < Silkworm Kokihi LX/+BW51f
Decrease) (nu) Kashinkyoku Nishikiμkui 3 (elongation or lower) (ru) 1
Busy alkaline Akatsuki 4ko Lflu (ya) series μ
5 L b l'/l') T-r454'! ! r; Bunshi-7: Zokune City; hI-; g (method) % formula % 1. Indication of the case Patent Application No. 60-220158 2. Name of the invention Fine Denier Polyester Spotted Thread 3. Case of the person making the amendment Relationship: Patent applicant: 1-11 Minamihonmachi, Higashi-ku, Osaka (300); Teijin Limited representative: Sashibe Okamoto 4; agent: 2-1-1-5 Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo; dispatch of procedural amendment instructions. January 28, 1985 6. Drawings subject to amendment 1. (〆１′

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A multifilament yarn containing single fibers that have thick and thin parts in the length direction, and have a ratio (denier ratio) of 2.0 or more, and a single fiber denier of 1.5 or less. As for the yarn, the value (P50) at a period of 50 cm on the spectrograph obtained in the normal test is the maximum value (Pm
ax), which results in 1.1 g/d
A fine denier polyester mottled yarn characterized by having a primary yield strength of e or more and a breaking elongation of 33% or less. (2) The fine denier polyester mottled yarn according to claim (1), which has a boiling water shrinkage rate of 12% or less. (3) The fine denier polyester speckled yarn according to claim (1), wherein the degree of entanglement between single fibers is 40 strands/m or more.