JPS6256118B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a composition used for livestock production. More specifically, the present invention relates to a composition that can absorb and process excreta such as manure and urine from livestock and poultry and use it as fertilizer. In the livestock industry, the work of disposing of excreta such as manure and urine generated in large quantities every day in poultry houses, pig pens, etc., occupies a large proportion of the breeding work, and if excrement is not disposed of efficiently, it can cause odor pollution and harm the local area. This often causes resentment from residents. Particularly in large poultry houses where tens of thousands of chickens are kept, disposal of this excrement is a major problem from a management standpoint. It has been practiced for a long time to put straw in livestock barns and collect the waste covered with manure and use it as compost, but these days it has become quite a tedious job, partly due to a lack of manpower. . Also, line the livestock shed with sawdust, bark, rice husk, etc.
Methods are adopted, such as collecting manure and fermenting it after absorbing manure, or collecting the manure that has flowed on the floor of the livestock barn by pumping it up with a sand pump, and fermenting it by absorbing it into absorbent materials such as the sawdust. After the waste is removed, it is used as fertilizer, but this requires large-scale equipment and equipment, which requires a large amount of money and requires consideration of various conditions such as fermentation processing before turning it into fertilizer. It takes quite a few days. Moreover, the drying process requires fuel such as heavy oil,
At this time, measures must also be taken to prevent bad odors. Furthermore, using such an absorbent material, it was possible to dispose of only about five times its own amount of excrement at most. In general, the organic matter content of livestock and poultry manure is 20~
It is said that the content of uric acid (organic) nitrogen is particularly high, and a typical analysis example of livestock manure is shown in Table 1.

[Table] According to Table 1, when looking at the ingredients of livestock and poultry excrement, it can be used as a very good compost even as it is, and it is required to have a low carbon content and be easy to handle. In fact, it is not appropriate to fertilize as it is because it is a decomposable component and a lot of gas is generated due to the rapid growth of bacteria in the soil. In addition, due to the high moisture content (especially high in summer, which can reach up to 90%), absorbents (moisture adjustment materials) such as sawdust are used, but in this case, the apparent carbon content of these mixtures may be reduced. However, when fertilizer is applied, cellulose and hemicellulose, which are the main components of carbon, cannot be used by plants unless they are decomposed and remain in the soil, which can cause a state of nitrogen starvation. is desired. In order to achieve complete fermentation in this way, it would require large equipment and a considerable number of days as mentioned above. Incidentally, the carbon content is suitably 20 or less, preferably 10 or less. In view of this situation, the inventor of the present invention has conducted extensive studies on the treatment of livestock and poultry excrement and its use as fertilizer.The inventor has found that using a composition containing a water-absorbing resin and pyroligneous vinegar can reduce the amount of excrement with high water content. The present invention was achieved by discovering that materials can be dried by the absorbing action of a water-absorbing resin, prevent bad odors by the deodorizing action of pyroligneous vinegar, and can be used as fertilizer either as they are or after being fermented. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a composition that can treat livestock and poultry excreta to prevent bad odors and can be used as fertilizer. This is a livestock composition characterized in that the composition for use contains a water-absorbing resin and pyroligneous vinegar. The water-absorbing resin used in the present invention is polyacrylate starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer and its hydrolyzate, carboxymethyl cellulose,
These are crosslinked products such as polyvinyl alcohol, hydrolyzate of methyl (meth)acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer, and cellulose-sodium acrylate graft copolymer, among which crosslinked products of polyacrylate have excellent effects. demonstrate. Both are insoluble in water and have the ability to absorb at least 20 times their own weight of deionized water and at least 5 times their own weight of 0.9% physiological saline. In particular, cross-linked polyacrylates have a high absorption capacity of 300 times or more for deionized water and 50 times for physiological saline, and the absorption rate is so fast that it reaches the saturation value within a few minutes. It is suitable for the purpose of the invention and exhibits excellent effects when used in the composition of the invention. It is also possible to use a mixture of the various water-absorbing resins as appropriate. Recently, it has been known that forest bathing is good for health because it uses wood oil, which is a tree spirit, but this is an oil obtained by dry distillation when trees are carbonized, and the main ingredient is wood vinegar. , Wood vinegar has traditionally been used in the food industry as a deodorizer. The present inventor focused on this pyroligneous acid solution, and discovered that this wood vinegar
It has been found that it is suitable for eliminating the odor of poultry excrement, and even gives it a fragrance. That is, the pyroligneous acid solution used in the composition of the present invention may be mixed in an appropriate amount in its liquid form or in a dry form obtained by evaporation or adsorption onto an adsorbent. Commercially available adsorbents such as commonly used zeolite, silica gel, activated alumina, diatomaceous earth, acid clay, vermiculite, perlite, and starch are used, and appropriate amounts of these are mixed until dryness is obtained. Actually, 50 to 100 parts by weight of wood vinegar
A powder made by adding and mixing about 200 parts by weight and drying it is convenient to handle. Good results are usually obtained by mixing the composition on a dry basis in an amount ranging from 2 to 40 parts by weight, preferably from 10 to 25 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the water absorbent resin. If it is too small, the deodorizing effect will be poor, and if it is too large, the effect will not improve that much. Since the composition is almost colorless as it is, a coloring agent such as iron oxide is usually mixed therein for ease of handling.
Of course, not only iron oxide but also various inorganic pigments and organic pigments can be used as appropriate, but iron oxide is suitable because it has a slight deodorizing effect. The amount thereof is preferably 3 to 8 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the water absorbent resin. The method for mixing these composition components is not particularly limited, and a conventional mixing method such as a stirrer, mixer, or blender may be used. When using the composition prepared in this way, it is possible to mix it directly with livestock excrement, but it is usually mixed in advance with absorbent materials such as sawdust, bark, rice husks, and rice straw. The mixture is ready for use. The mixing ratio is 2 to 20 times the amount of the composition of the present invention, preferably 10 to 15 times the amount of the composition of the present invention.
Use double the amount. If it is too small, it will be inconvenient to handle due to phenomena such as adhesion, and if it is too large, the absorption efficiency will decrease. The mixing method is not limited as described above, and the mixture is uniformly mixed by a conventional method. Normally, considering the convenience of transportation, a mixed composition of water-absorbent resin and wood vinegar or a coloring agent is prepared and transported to the site, and then mixed with absorbent materials such as the sawdust before being used. However, it is also possible to prepare a composition in advance by mixing absorbent materials such as sawdust, water-absorbing resin, and wood vinegar, and then transport this composition to the site and use it as it is to treat livestock and poultry excrement. are also within the scope of the compositions of the present invention. A mixed composition with an absorbent material such as sawdust absorbs at least 15 times its own weight of excrement, so it can be sprayed on the floor of a livestock house or poultry house at that rate to absorb the excrement that falls or to absorb the excrement that has accumulated on the floor. The composition of the present invention may be sprayed on. Since the composition of the present invention immediately absorbs and solidifies these excreta, it can be appropriately collected using a scoop, shovel, or the like. Depending on the type of excrement and the amount absorbed, it can be made into lumps, granules, powders, etc., and by appropriately selecting the amount to be sprayed, it can be made into a form that is easy to handle. This can be used as it is or after being fermented and sprayed as fertilizer. The above description has been made in detail of an example in which the composition of the present invention is used for livestock farming, but the excreta of so-called pets kept at home, such as dogs, cats, and small birds, can also be treated in the same way. Another advantage of the present invention is that the composition of the present invention absorbs and eliminates bad odors from the time the excrement is absorbed, making it odorless, making it easy to handle and useful for preventing foul odor pollution. The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is of course not limited thereto. Example 1 80 parts of sodium polyacrylate crosslinked powder (manufactured by Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.: trade name, Aqua Keep 10SH) and 15 parts of powdered wood vinegar (manufactured by Tokai Kasei Co., Ltd.: trade name, Utsudo Oil P-5320) and 5 parts of commercially available iron oxide were uniformly mixed using a blender to prepare a livestock composition.
1 kg of this was taken and mixed uniformly with 10 kg of cedar sawdust using a blender. This was mixed with approximately 200 kg of manure mixture (90% moisture) discharged from the pigpen using a scoop. The foul odor disappeared immediately and the entire area became a uniform granular deposit. This was collected and stored in a glass greenhouse, and after 48 hours it became granular compost (moisture 17%) that was easy to handle. Example 2 Cow manure (90% moisture) mixture with high organic content
Spray 1 kg of a livestock composition made by uniformly mixing sodium polyacrylate cross-linked powder (Aqua Keep 10SH, 80 parts), powdered pyroligneous acid (Utsudo Oil P-5320 15 parts), and 5 parts of iron oxide onto 100 kg of water. When mixed in a vacuum, the result was a mixture containing various nodules and having no peculiar odor that could be transported with a scoop. This was transported to a vinyl greenhouse, piled up, fermented, and used as fermented compost after 30 days. Example 3 Chicken manure in summer has a high moisture content, usually over 90%. To 100 kg of this muddy chicken manure, a mixture of 1 kg of the above-mentioned livestock composition and 10 kg of sawdust was sprinkled to form a deposit that had no peculiar odor and could be removed with a scoop. This was transported to a rain-protected compost house, mixed at a ratio of about 10% with cow manure compost that was already being fermented as compost, and then fermented for three weeks to create a compost with high fertilizing properties.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A livestock composition for treating livestock and poultry excrement and using it as fertilizer, comprising a water-absorbing resin and pyroligneous acid solution. 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing resin is a crosslinked polyacrylate. 3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the wood vinegar solution is in the form of a dry powder. 4 10 to 10 parts by weight of dry wood vinegar per 100 parts by weight of water absorbent resin
Claim 1 consisting of a mixture of 25 parts by weight
Compositions as described. 5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises sawdust and iron oxide in addition to water-absorbing resin and wood vinegar. 6. The composition according to claim 1 or 5, which comprises 5 to 50 parts by weight of a water-absorbing resin, 1 to 2 parts by weight of dry wood vinegar, and 0.1 to 1 part by weight of iron oxide, based on 100 parts by weight of sawdust.