JPS6252372A - Heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle for a heat pump device using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.

-Prior art A conventional heat pump device using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant can control capacity and improve performance by varying the composition of the refrigerant circulating inside the refrigeration cycle.
A conventional example as shown in FIG. 2 has been proposed in Japanese Patent No. 157448. Figure 2 shows an example in which a heat pump device using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is applied as a heating device, where 1 is a compressor, 2 is a three-way valve, j is a high temperature side heat exchanger, and 4.6 is a throttle. 6 is a three-way valve, 7 is a low temperature side heat exchanger, 8 is a refrigerant rectification column, 9 is a heat exchanger for heating the rectification column, 1o is a high boiling point liquid reservoir,
11 is a heat exchanger for cooling the rectification tower, 12 is a heat exchanger for cooling the rectification tower, 13 is a low boiling point liquid reservoir, 14° and 16 are flow rate control valves,
16 and 17 are reverse valves, and a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is sealed inside the refrigeration cycle.

The operation of the heat pump device configured as described above will be explained below. First, when there is no rectification during normal operation, the three-way valves 2 and 6 are opened in the direction shown in FIG. High temperature side heat exchanger 3. Squeezing device 4. Three-way valve6. Squeezing device 5. The low temperature side heat exchanger 7° circulates to the compressor 1, and the high temperature side heat exchanger 3
The low temperature side heat exchanger 7 performs heat radiation and heat absorption in the low temperature side heat exchanger 7. When separating by so-called rectification, which changes the concentration of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle, first switch the three-way valve 2 to the right at 90 degrees, and then transfer the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the three-way valve 2 for heating the rectifier. Heat exchanger9. A rectification tower cooling expansion device 11, a rectification tower cooling heat exchanger 12. The check valve 16° circulates to the compressor 1, and the refrigerant liquid rich in high boiling point components in the high boiling point liquid reservoir 10 is boiled in the heat exchanger 9 for heating the rectifying column, and then the refrigerant liquid rich in high boiling point components is boiled in the heat exchanger 9 for heating the rectifying column. At step 12, the refrigerant vapor rich in low-boiling components generated in the rectification column 8 is condensed and the condensate is stored in a low-boiling liquid reservoir 13. Low boiling point liquid reservoir 1
The liquid overflowing from the column 3 flows down in the rectification column 8 and comes into contact with the refrigerant vapor rising in the rectification column 8, thereby increasing the rectification efficiency. In this manner, rectification separation is carried out, and a refrigerant rich in low boiling points is stored in the low boiling point liquid reservoir 13, and a refrigerant rich in high boiling points is stored in the high boiling point liquid reservoir 10. After that, the three-way valve 2 is returned to its original position, the three-way valve 6 is switched to the right direction 9o from the figure, and the flow rate control valves 14 and 15 are adjusted to separate the liquid rich in high-boiling point components and the liquid rich in low-boiling point components. The mixture is mixed at a predetermined ratio and flows through the check valve 17 toward the throttling device 5, after which the three-way valve 6 is returned to its original position.

With the mode of action described above, the refrigerant concentration in the main circuit is varied, and when the main circuit is rich in low boiling point components, high heating capacity is obtained, while when the main circuit is rich in high boiling point components, low heating capacity is obtained. It controls the refrigeration cycle.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Although it is basically possible to change the refrigerant composition in the conventional heat pump device as described above, the following problems occur.

In the first place, in this conventional example, when a refrigerant is rectified and separated in a separator circuit including a rectifying column 8, the three-way valve 2 is switched to serve as a heat source for driving the rectifying column 8, and at that time, the high temperature side heat exchanger 3, no refrigerant flows through it, and therefore no heating capacity can be output, which is extremely inconvenient as a heating device.

The refrigerant concentration in the main circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate adjustment valves 14 and 15 to mix the high boiling point refrigerant in the high boiling point liquid reservoir 10 and the low boiling point refrigerant in the low boiling point refrigerant reservoir 13 in an arbitrary ratio. In this case, in order to adjust the main circuit concentration to the required concentration, the concentration on the main circuit side, the refrigerant concentration in the high boiling point refrigerant reservoir 10, and the low boiling point refrigerant liquid are This requires extremely complicated control, as it is necessary to detect the refrigerant concentration in the reservoir 13 and to control the opening degree or opening/closing time of the flow rate regulating valves 14, 15 based on the detected concentration. Furthermore, at this time, in order to maintain the optimum amount of refrigerant in the main circuit, the three-way valve 6 and the flow rate adjustment valve 14,15 must be controlled in the same way as described above, which also adds complexity to the cycle. The structure is as follows.

Furthermore, when considering from the perspective of rectification separation, after opening the three-way valve 6 and injecting high boiling point or low boiling point refrigerant into the main circuit,
Since the refrigerant concentrations in the high boiling point refrigerant reservoir 10 and the low boiling point refrigerant reservoir 13 change, even if the three-way valve 2 is opened next and rectification separation is performed, the high boiling point refrigerant reservoir 10 and the low boiling point refrigerant reservoir 13 are This causes a problem that the concentration of the boiling point refrigerant liquid reservoir 13 after the rectification separation is different from that during the previous rectification separation.

Therefore, the present invention solves such conventional problems and improves the refrigerant composition to circulate through the main circuit in a heat pump device using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, increasing the reliability of rectification separation without stopping the heating output. The objective is to provide a refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant can be reliably varied, easily controlled, and the refrigerant on the main circuit side can be adjusted.

The heat pump device according to the present invention uses a rectifying column that performs a rectifying action as a means for varying the composition of a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and uses a rectifying column from the high pressure or intermediate pressure of the main circuit. The circuit that enters the water is connected to the circuit that passes from the rectifier to the sub-throttle device and returns to the low pressure of the main circuit.
The resistance of the auxiliary diaphragm device was made greater than the resistance of the main diaphragm device. Furthermore, when the final concentration of rectification separation is varied, the resistance of the sub-throttle device is varied, and when the rectification separation is stopped, the resistance of the sub-squeezer device is reduced.

By adopting this configuration on the refrigeration cycle, the rectifying action can be performed while obtaining the main cycle and heating output, and the resistance of the sub-throttle device is made greater than the resistance of the main throttling device, so that the circulating refrigerant is Most of it flows through the main circuit, and the rectifying action in the rectifier is not disturbed by the flow of refrigerant, allowing stable rectifying action to be performed.

In addition, by varying the resistance of the opening device and adjusting the amount of gas generated in the heater, the final concentration of rectification separation can be varied, and when rectification is stopped, the amount of gas generated in the heater is eliminated and the rectification is stopped. By disturbing the rectification action in the column with the flow of refrigerant, it is possible to reliably stop the rectification.

Embodiment An embodiment of the heat pump device according to the present invention will be explained using the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, which is applied to a heating device.

In FIG. 1, 18 is a compressor, 19 is a load side heat exchanger, 20 is a main throttling device, and 21 is a heat source side heat exchanger, which are connected in order in an annular manner.

On the other hand, the high-pressure outlet of the load-side heat exchanger 19 and the rectification column 23 filled with the filler 22 are connected via an intermediate heater 24, and the lower part of the rectification column 23 and the heat source side heat exchanger 210 of the main circuit are connected. It is connected to the entrance via a school opening device 26. A top cooler 26 and a top reservoir 27 are provided at the top of the rectification column 23 .

Although the heat sources of the heater 24 and the cooler 2e are not shown in this embodiment, they are configured to guide the discharge gas and suction gas of the compressor 18, and to constantly flow the refrigerant regardless of the presence or absence of rectification. It is.

In the heat pump device having such a configuration, the time of rectification action and the time of no rectification during heating will be explained.

First, during rectification, a portion of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant discharged from the load-side heat exchanger 19 is heated by the heater 24 to generate some gas, which flows into the lower part of the rectification column 23 .

The gas components generated in the heater 24 rise in the rectification tower 23, are condensed and liquefied in the cooler 26, and are sent from the reservoir 27 to the rectification tower 23.
It refluxes to the upper part and descends in the rectifying column 23, and at that time, the substance exchanges heat with the rising gas to perform a rectifying action.A low-boiling point rich refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 27, and flows from the lower part of the rectifying column 23. The high boiling point rich refrigerant passes through the sub-throttle device 25, joins with the main circuit side refrigerant, and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 21.

At this time, since the resistance of the opening device 25 is set higher than that of the main throttle device 20, most of the circulating refrigerant flows through the main circuit side.
The amount of refrigerant flowing into the rectifying column 23 is small, so the rectifying column 2
3. Stable rectification can be performed without disturbing the rectification action within 3. Also, if the resistance of the opening device 26 is made variable at this time, the amount of gas generated from the heater 24 will change. For example, if the branch flow rate is increased to reduce the amount of gas generated, the separation action in rectification separation will not progress. First, in the method of storing low boiling point components as in this embodiment, the concentration of low boiling point components in the reservoir 27 is not high, and the concentration on the release circuit side also has a refrigerant composition with a large amount of low boiling point components. On the other hand, if the branch flow rate is decreased to increase the amount of gas generated, the separation action in rectification separation will proceed, and the concentration on the main circuit side can be changed to a refrigerant composition containing many high boiling point components.

Additionally, as the main circuit concentration changes during rectification, the optimum amount of refrigerant in the main circuit also changes, with more refrigerant being required when low boiling point components are rich, and less refrigerant required when high boiling point components are rich. , in the present invention, the adjustment is made by the reservoir 27.
By storing low boiling point components within the refrigerant, adjustment can be made by increasing or decreasing the amount of refrigerant stored in proportion to the density difference.

Next, when the rectification separation is stopped and the main circuit concentration is to be operated with the initial charged refrigerant composition, the opening system 25 is opened and the branch flow rate is increased to eliminate the amount of gas generated in the heater 24. This will stop the rectification action.

Moreover, at this time, even if the rectification column 23 is operated at an intermediate pressure in the main circuit, the flow within the rectification column 23 is disturbed due to the large branch flow rate to the rectification column 23, and the rectification action is stopped. It is something.

In this way, in the present invention, the rectification action can be performed even during heating operation in the main circuit, and the concentration in the main circuit can be changed.

Although only the heating circuit is described in this embodiment, it is possible to add a four-way valve or the like to perform the rectifying action even during cooling, and perform the same operation as described above.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, a case is described in which a low boiling point refrigerant is stored by rectification, but for example, a refrigeration cycle (not shown) in which a high boiling point refrigerant is stored in a reservoir placed at the bottom of a separator is used. The same effect can be obtained in this case.

Effects of the Invention The heat pump device according to the present invention uses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant,
By connecting the rectifying column to the high pressure or intermediate pressure of the main circuit, connecting the return from the rectifying column to the low pressure of the main circuit, and making the resistance of the sub-throttle device greater than the resistance of the main throttling device, Rectification separation can be carried out reliably even during heating operation.

Also, the resistance of the opening device is varied according to the desired main circuit concentration,
By adding a configuration that reduces the resistance when rectification is stopped, the main circuit concentration can be set arbitrarily by adjusting the branch flow rate and varying the separation concentration. Furthermore, the amount of refrigerant stored in the reservoir can be adjusted according to the separated concentration, and the amount of refrigerant on the main circuit side can be maintained at an optimum level.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a principle diagram of a heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a principle diagram of a conventional heat pump device. 18... Compressor, 19... Load side heat exchanger, 2°... Main throttling device, 21...
Heat source side heat exchanger, 23... Rectification column, 24...
...heater, 26.・・・・・・Sub-diaphragm device, 26・
...Tower top cooler, 27...Curved tower top reservoir. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person18
- 11-Engine I9-m-20 in θ-1-1

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) At least a compressor, a load-side heat exchanger, a main throttling device,
A circuit that connects the heat exchangers on the heat source side in a ring and connects the main circuit, a rectification column, a tower top cooler, a reservoir, and a circuit equipped with a column bottom heater, and enters the rectification column from the high pressure or intermediate pressure of the main circuit. and a circuit that returns the rectifying column to the low pressure of the main circuit through the sub-throttling device and encloses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, so that the resistance of the sub-throttling device is made greater than the resistance of the main throttling device. A heat pump device characterized by: (2) The heat pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the sub-throttling device, the resistance is varied according to the desired main circuit concentration during rectification separation, and the resistance is reduced when rectification separation is stopped. .