JPS6249027B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing fish silage, also known as liquefied fish protein.

In the present invention, "fish silage" is defined as fish silage produced by liquefying fish (whole or parts) by the action of naturally occurring enzymes in the presence of additives that can initiate or accelerate the liquefaction process. liquefied fish products. Enzymes break down fish proteins into smaller soluble units, and acids help speed up their activity while preventing bacterial damage. Conventional fish silage is
It was prepared by vigorously stirring fish mince with organic or mineral acids. However, since mince is semi-solid and becomes more viscous when acid is added, heavy equipment is required to vigorously stir and liquefy such lumps. After some time, the fish will liquefy and this liquefied mixture will be stored in a tank for further distribution. This technique requires heavy machinery not only to pump the bulk of the liquefied fish silage, but also to ensure that the minced fish is sufficiently finely ground and agitated to minimize the agitation and liquefaction period. It is.

It has been found that the problems associated with handling and mixing fish mince can be minimized by using relatively simple techniques.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the following steps. a) It is necessary to mince it finely. b Transportation of solid fish mince. c Mixing of the solid mass after addition of acid. d Requirement of heavy equipment.

The invention therefore relates to a method of preparing fish silage, which comprises mixing fish with pre-produced fish silage and additives capable of initiating and accelerating the liquefaction process.
This is a method for producing silage.

Mixing is carried out in a tank using any conventional mechanical mixer. The choice of mixer in the process according to the invention is relatively flexible since no heavy equipment is required. For example, examples of mixers that can be used include turbine mixers, paddle mixers, propeller mixers, rotary mixers, and centrifugally propelled mixers. Chotsper pumps are preferred as mixers.

One of the main advantages of the present invention is that small and medium sized fish (eg up to 15 cm x 38 cm) do not need to be cut into pieces or minced prior to the mixing stage. Under the mixing conditions presented here, they are automatically minced and liquefied without becoming inoperably viscous, and do not put undue pressure on the mixer or pump equipment. However, when trying to liquefy a relatively large fish (for example, a small shark),
It is desirable to cut such fish into pieces of appropriate size (for example, the sizes specified for small and medium-sized fish mentioned above) for ease of handling. Those skilled in the art will recognize that it is not necessary to use whole fish in practicing the methods of the invention. Fish waste, offal and other debris from the fishing industry may be used as feed to the mixing stage.

Additives capable of initiating and accelerating the liquefaction process can be selected from organic acids, mineral acids, their salts, certain enzymes (eg Papaying) and mixtures thereof. Acids, especially organic acids, are preferred, and lower monocarboxylic acids (eg formic acid and propionic acid) are preferred. Formic acid is most preferred. Additives may be added before the mixing step (eg, during a pre-cutting or mincing step, if performed) or during the mixing step.

The ratio of additives to feed fish material in the mixture during mixing in the tank is suitably between 0.5 and 30% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 5.0% by weight. The optimum concentration within this range depends on the type of fish to be liquefied (e.g. its water and oil content).
of course depends on the amount of pre-produced liquefied fish silage in the mixture.

The weight ratio of pre-made liquefied fish silage to feed fish material is suitably between 10:1 and 1:10, preferably between 2:1 and 1:3.

To begin operations, it is necessary to obtain an initial supply of fish silage. This can be done by stirring the minced fish with warm water and any conventional additives (preferably those providing a sufficiently acidic environment at pH 4 or below to prevent bacterial damage). Once all the fish has been liquefied, at least a portion of the mixture is pumped for storage.

Using this liquefied fish as a medium, the initial batch of fish and additives is liquefied with constant and rapid agitation according to the method of the invention.

The second batch of fish is similarly liquefied. You can keep part of this for adding more fish and divide the rest for storage. After five or six such operations, the silage produced has a nutritional value substantially equal to that of the fish used, and continuous operation of the process can be carried out indefinitely.

The silage produced during the start-up phase is also a useful feed and can be used as a pig feed for conditioning when excess moisture is present.

The speed at which fish is liquefied depends on the type of raw material, its freshness and the temperature of the process. It was found that fatty fish liquefies faster than the guts of white fish, and that fresh fish liquefies much more easily than older fish. Therefore, it is desirable to subject the fish to the liquefaction process immediately after obtaining the raw materials.

The liquefaction process is also temperature dependent. A temperature of at least 20°C is desirable, preferably between 20 and 40°C.
It was found that at temperatures higher than this, the oxygen involved in liquefaction is deactivated.

The invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

Equipment Mixing tank 1 is connected to tank 1 via valve 3 on one side.
It is equipped with a chopper pump 2 for recirculating into or pumping into storage tanks A and B via outlet 4, and inlet pipes 5 and 6 for feed fish material and aqueous formic acid, respectively. Outlet 4 is connected on the one hand to storage tanks A and B via valves 7, 8 and 9. Pump 12 is storage tank A
and B, from which the liquefied fish silage is recovered via valves 10 and 11, respectively. The pump 12 is further connected to the mixing tank 1 via one-way valves 15 and one-way valves 14 and 18 and 1 respectively.
4 and 9 and recirculated back to storage tanks A and B.

Step 1 0.5 tons of fish and 3.5 gallons of formic acid (3.5% by weight)
85% formic acid) are fed at a constant rate through inlet pipes 5 and 6, respectively, into a mixing tank 1 containing 0.5 tons of hot water (30-40°C).

2 Close valve 7, open valve 3, and open tank 1.
Begin stirring and circulating the mixture inside and continue circulating for 1 hour.

3 Then close valves 3 and 9 and open valves 7 and 8 to pump half of the liquid in mixing tank 1 into storage tank A. Valves 8, 10, 13 and 14 are opened, valve 15 is closed and pump 12 is activated to recirculate the liquid pumped into storage tank A.

4 Close valve 7 and open valve 3 to continue circulation and stirring in mixing tank 1. more at the same time
0.5 tons of fish and 3.5 gallons of formic acid are added into mixing tank 1 via inlet 5 as before and mixing is continued for an additional 0.5 hour. Then add another ton of fish and 7 gallons of formic acid into mixing tank 1 as before and continue stirring and circulating.

5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 above to continuously produce fish silage.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing shows an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention, in which 1 is a mixing tank, 2 is a chopper pump, 3 is a one-way valve, 4 is an outlet, 5 and 6 are inlet pipes, 7
~11 and 13~15 are one valves, A and B are storage tanks, and 12 is a pump.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Fish is mixed with pre-produced fish silage and additives capable of initiating and accelerating the liquefaction process, and the fish is an unfinished solid fish with dimensions up to 15 x 38 cm. Features:
Silage production method. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixing is performed in a tank using a mechanical mixer. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the mechanical mixer is a chopper pump. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fish used is fish waste, dregs, or scraps from the fisheries industry. 5. Claims 1 to 4, wherein the additives capable of initiating and accelerating the liquefaction process are selected from organic acids, mineral acids, their salts, enzymes and mixtures thereof.
The method described in any one of paragraphs. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the organic acid is a lower monocarboxylic acid. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the lower monocarboxylic acid is formic acid. 8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the ratio of additive to feed fish material in the mixture is between 0.5 and 30% by weight. 9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the ratio of additive to feed fish material in the mixture is between 0.1 and 5.0% by weight. 10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the weight ratio of pre-made liquefied fish silage to feed fish material is between 10:1 and 1:10. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the weight ratio of pre-made fish silage to feed fish material is between 2:1 and 1:3. 12. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the liquefaction step is carried out at a temperature of at least 20°C. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the liquefaction step is carried out at a temperature between 20 and 40°C.