JPS6238439A - Camera with built-in motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the power of a motor by reversing a driving system of a camera from a reference position to charge mirror driving force, driving diaphragm and positively rotating the driving system to execute mirror down, shutter charging and film winding. CONSTITUTION:When the camera is released, the motor 1 and a reference shaft 16c are reversed, a lever 41 is driven, a lens is stopped down and a driving spring 42 for a movable mirror 43 is charged to travel the movable mirror 43. After being reversed by a prescribed angle, the motor 1 is stopped and then starts to be positively rotated by a shutter post-screen traveling completion signal and the reference shaft 16c is also positively rotated and returned to its reference position. In said process, movable mirror driving systems 22, 39, 40 and a diaphragm driving system 41 are restored to respective fixed positions, shutter systems 20, 112, 113 are charged and a diaphragm controlling magnet is reset. After passing the reference position, the reference shaft 16c is still positively rotated so as to be rotated by 360 deg. from the reference position to wind up a film.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to a motor drive device that incorporates a motor in a camera and utilizes the motor as a drive source for all drive systems.

(Background of the invention) In cameras with built-in motors, it is important to make the camera smaller, lighter,
Also, in order to reduce costs, it is desirable to use one motor as the drive source for all drive systems. When a single motor is used as the entire driving source, a method is usually adopted in which the film winding section and the shank charging section are interlocked by an interlocking mechanism and driven in the same process. Furthermore, in a camera that has a mirror amplifier lever locking member and in which releasing the member is the first operation of the camera release, the up spring that is the source of driving the mirror up must also be charged during the above process. In the case of such a drive system, three driving forces are concentrated during one process, so the load on the motor becomes temporarily large, making it necessary to use a motor with large power. In order to produce a large amount of power, the size of the motor must be increased, and the current consumption must also be increased.

This is not suitable for a compact, lightweight, and power-saving design, and the problem to date has been how to distribute the driving force and reduce the load on the motor. Drive the mirror system with one motor,
When winding a film, one or more clutch mechanisms are always required.

There are some models, such as Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-26203, that have a one-way clutch on each of both wheels of the motor to switch the drives of the mirror system and film winding system, but in this case, a reduction system is required for each side drive system. Not only does the mechanism become complicated, but the number of parts increases, and it is not a good idea in terms of cost.

In this way, the drive system for one motor is simple,
A reliable switching clutch mechanism between the film winding system and the mirror drive system is needed.

(Object of the Invention) From the above-mentioned viewpoint, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact, lightweight, and low-cost camera by effectively utilizing the output of a motor.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the internal mechanism of an electrically driven camera to which the present invention is applied, showing a state at a reference position where film winding has been completed and the camera is waiting for the next release. Reference numeral 1 denotes a single motor that serves as a driving source for all charges in the camera, such as film winding, aperture drive, shutter charge, and mirror drive. ing. The film winding Lisbourg 2 is rotatably supported by the above-mentioned substrate (not shown), and has a holding spring 3 (spool friction spring) at its upper end.
There is a hole 2a that engages with the foot portion 3a of the foot.

The spool 2 is driven by a leg portion 3a as will be described later, and is rotatable around a motor 1 fixed to a base plate. The gear 5 is rotatably fitted to the rotating shaft 1a that outputs the rotation of the motor 1, and includes a compression coil spring 6, a tension washer 7a,
7b, the rotational torque of the motor 1 is normally transmitted as is. Gear 8, 9,
10, 11°, 12, 13, 14, 15 are gear trains that reduce the speed from the motor shaft gear 5 to the reference shaft gear 16.

Next, an outline of the operation of this device will be explained. In this embodiment, as will be described later, when the release button is pressed one step (half-way), power is supplied to the photometry circuit, and when the release button is pushed one step further (
When the camera is pressed fully), the motor rotates and a series of sequence operations such as aperture-down operation, mirror-up operation, and movement of the shutter curtain are performed in sequence. In this specification, camera release refers to a series of sequence operations of the camera. It means to start. First, when you release the camera, the motor 1 reverses and the shaft 1a rotates to the right) The reference shaft 16c also reverses (rotates to the left).The reverse rotation angle of the reference shaft 16c is 105 degrees.
As the reference shaft 16c reverses, the lever 41 is actuated to drive the lens aperture (diaphragm). At this time, the reference shaft 16c also charges the drive spring 42 of the movable mirror 43, and reaches the final end of the reversal. The locking of the movable mirror 43 is released and the movable mirror 43 is moved (mirror up). The motor 1 stops when reversed by a predetermined angle, and then the electromagnets 112 and 113 for controlling the front shutter curtain and the electromagnets (not shown) for controlling the shutter rear curtain are activated (demagnetized) in sequence, and the front and rear shutter curtains sequentially move. Then, in response to the trailing curtain travel completion signal, the motor 1 starts normal rotation (left rotation), and the reference shaft 16C also rotates normal, returning to the reference position (position N shown in FIG. 1). In this process, the movable mirror drive system 22,39°40
Then, the diaphragm drive system 41 is returned to its normal position (the position shown in FIG. 1). During this mirror down process, the shutter system 2
0,112-113 charging and aperture control magnets are also reset.

The reference shaft 16c continues to rotate in the normal direction (clockwise rotation) even after passing the reference position.
Then, the film is wound up by rotating 360' with respect to the reference position. In this embodiment, by making full use of the forward and reverse rotations of one motor, it is used as the drive source for all of the camera's drive system, including aperture drive, mirror up, shutter charge, and film winding.

The details of the operation by the reference shaft 16c will be explained below in accordance with the order of operation.

First, let's talk about the shutter system charge.

When the release button (not shown) is pressed down (fully pressed) and the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in reverse (clockwise) and the driving force of the motor 1 is transferred to the reference gear 16 via the reduction gear system 8 to 15. communicated. A cam portion 16a is provided on this reference gear 16. This cam portion 16a is for charging the shutter, and a roller 18 installed on a shutter charge lever 17 is in contact with the cam surface 16b. As shown in the figure, at the reference position (before release), the highest surface of the cam surface 16b (portion with a large lift amount) is activated by the shutter charge lever 17 spring 21.
The charge cam 20 in the shutter unit is in a charged state via the charge lever 19 of the mirror drive system 22, 39, 40, that is, the cam 20 presses one end 110a of the arm 110, and the iron piece 1 of the arm 110
11 is held pressed against the coil 112 and yoke 113. Incidentally, the cam 20 is always urged by a spring (not shown) so as to rotate to the right.

Therefore, when the reference shaft 16c rotates counterclockwise with the release of the camera, the shutter charge lever 17
The rotation shaft 17a is rotated along the cam surface 16b by the spring 21.
(not shown), and the charge lever 1
9 also follows this, so that the charge cam 20 in the shutter unit is retracted from the roller 110a of the arm 110 by more than the operating angle of the arm 110. At this time iron piece 111
is energized! It is adsorbed by W stones 112 and 113. As described later, switch SW2 is activated by reversing motor 1.
is ONL, and then after a predetermined time, when the power to the coil 112 is cut off, the adsorption of the arm 110 is released and the arm 110 is rotated to the right by the spring 150, the shutter front curtain runs, and then (after the exposure time) Power to the electromagnet for the shutter rear curtain is cut off, and the shutter rear curtain runs. When the film exposure process is thus completed and the trailing curtain run completion signal is generated, the motor 1 rotates in the normal direction, the reference shaft i6c also rotates in the normal direction (turns right), and the mirror down process begins. During this process, the shutter charge lever 17 is forcibly rotated counterclockwise by the cam surface 16b, and the cam 20 is rotated to the left via the mirror drive system charge lever 19. Then, the end 11 of the arm 110 is controlled by the end 20a of the cam 20.
0a is pressed, arm 110 is rotated to the left, and arm 1
An iron piece 111 provided at 10 is pressed against electromagnets 112 and 113. The iron piece 111 is then in a state where it can be attracted by the electromagnet. In this way, the drive unit 11 of the shutter front curtain
0 to 113 are reset to the charged state. Resetting the drive unit for the shutter trailing curtain to the charged state is also done in the same way. Shutter charging is performed as described above.

Next, the mirror and aperture drive system will be described. Reference axis 16
A disc 32 is fixed to the other end of the disc 32 with screws 32a, and a pin 31 is installed directly on the disc.

The mirror drive lever 33 and the idle swing lever 34 are coaxially supported on a base plate of a camera body (not shown) so as to be able to rotate independently. It is biased clockwise by a spring 35. Mirror drive lever 33
A locking lever 36 is rotatably supported on the upper part about a shaft 37, and is biased by a spring 38 in the counterclockwise direction. A recess (locking part) 36 is provided at the tip of the locking lever 36.
a is provided, and the tip bent portion 34a of the missed swing lever 34
These three levers 33, 34, and 36 form a triangle.

The tip of the mirror drive lever 33 is engaged with the tip of the mirror drive vertical lever 39 on the mirror box side.
By turning the lever 33 to the right, the mirror drive system is driven.

When the camera is released as described above (by pressing the release button, etc.), the reference shaft 16c begins to rotate counterclockwise.
The pin 31 also rotates in the same direction. The pin 31 engages with the cam surface 34b of the missed lever 34, and rotates the missed lever 34 to the right as the reference shaft 16c rotates. Missing lever 3
4 is in a fixed relationship with the mirror drive lever 33 via the lever 36, as described above, and is rotated to the right while maintaining the triangular shape formed by these three points.

In this way, the rotational motion of the pin 31 is converted into a swinging motion by the three levers, and its stroke is also expanded, causing the drive lever 39 provided on the side wall of the mirror box to rotate to the right.

Receives the driving force of motor 1 and drives the lens aperture,
A mirror drive vertical lever 39 that charges the driving force for raising the mirror and has the function of releasing the lock of the movable mirror 43, a mirror up lever 40 that raises the movable mirror 43, and drives the aperture of the lens. The aperture regulating lever 41 and the charge lever 19 for charging the shutter are coaxially supported on a substrate (not shown) forming a mirror box (side wall of the mirror box) so that they can rotate independently.

A tension coil spring 42 is placed between one end 40a of the mirror up lever 40 and one end 39a of the mirror drive joint lever 39, and always biases the mirror up lever 40 in the right direction. However, mirror up lever 4
The other end 40b of the mirror drive vertical lever 39b is in contact with the other end 39b of the mirror drive vertical lever, and serves as an internal force spring for the two levers 39 and 40.

Reference numeral 43 denotes a movable mirror, which before the camera is released is disposed in front of the film surface and inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the photographing optical path. This movable mirror 43 is moved to the holding frame 4 of the movable mirror 43 after the aperture is driven to a predetermined aperture value as described later.
When the pin 45 fixed on the mirror up lever 40 is pushed up to the tip of the mirror up lever 40, it is retracted above the photographing optical path.

Mirror up lever 4 before camera release
In the 0 position, the lever 39 is held at the initial drive position by one end 39b, and the lever 40 and pin 45
A predetermined distance is maintained between the two. In addition, in this initial position, the bent portion 40C of the up lever 40 is engaged with the claw portion 22a of the locking lever 22, and even if the mirror drive vertical lever 39 is rotated (clockwise), the mirror remains in the final stage of rotation. The up lever 40 is held in this position.

An aperture drive spring 46 is applied to one end 41a of the aperture regulation lever 41 and one end 39c of the mirror drive vertical lever 39, and this spring 46 urges the aperture regulation lever 41 in a clockwise direction. However, since the other end 39d of the mirror drive vertical lever 39 and the other end 41b of the aperture regulation lever 41 are engaged, the spring 46 becomes an internal force spring between the two levers 39,40, and the camera In the initial position before release, the aperture regulation lever 41 is held at the aperture open position by the lever 39. Aperture regulation lever 41
The tip 41c is an interchangeable lens 100 attached to the camera.
An aperture interlocking lever 10 that interlocks with an aperture mechanism (not shown) inside.
1, and by pushing up the lever 101 against the lens-side diaphragm spring 102, the diaphragm blades are held in the open position. The interlocking lever 101 has a spring 10
2, and by moving downward,
The aperture narrows down. Further, a pin 47 is installed on the aperture regulation lever 41, and when the lever engages with the pin 47, the movement of the aperture regulation lever 41 is expanded and the aperture reaches a predetermined aperture diameter. It is connected to locking mechanisms 55 to 57, 63, and 130 that lock it when it is pressed. 1
A charge lever 9 holds a charge cam 20 in the shutter unit at the position shown in the figure against the biasing force of the cam 20 when turned to the right by the charge lever 17 described above.

The mechanism for charging the shutter has been described above, but here we will explain a little more about the mechanism for driving the shutter. In FIG. 1, the drive unit 1 of the shutter front curtain
Although only 10 to 113 are shown in the figure, the drive unit for the shutter trailing curtain is also the same, so it is not shown as described above. The shutter of this embodiment uses two electromagnets: the electromagnets 112 and 113 for the front curtain and the electromagnet for the rear curtain (not shown), and when the shutter is charged, the arm 110 supporting the front curtain and the rear curtain are connected to each other. An iron piece disposed on each supporting arm (not shown) is attracted to each electromagnet. After the mirror is raised, the electromagnets for the front curtain and rear curtain are sequentially demagnetized according to the desired time, so that the shutter front curtain and the shutter rear curtain sequentially travel through the aperture, and the mechanism performs exposure with the desired slit width. Become. In FIG. 1 showing the charging state, the charge cam 20 is always urged in the clockwise direction by a spring (not shown) as described above.

The cam surface 20a of the cam 20 rotates the vane arm 110 to the position before traveling due to the difference in cam lift I.

The leading blade arm 110 has a leading blade group consisting of a plurality of blades at the tip (not shown) of one end 110b, and a four-bar link is formed between the blade group and the blade group. In this embodiment, the leading blade arm 110 is always biased in the clockwise direction by the spring 150, and the direction of travel of the shutter blade is from top to bottom. An iron piece 111 is disposed at the other end of the arm, and is pressed by the cam surface 2Qa of the charge cam 2o against the distal end surface of an attraction type iron core 113 which has an attractive force when the coil 112 is energized. Since the arms for the leading and trailing curtains (not shown) do not have a rear stop member, if the charge lever 17 is retracted while the coil 112 etc. are not energized, the cam 20 will rotate due to the spring (not shown). They will follow and travel together. Therefore, in this embodiment, the arms for the leading and trailing curtains are always held by the other charge lever 19 in the charged state. That is, one end 19a of the charge lever 19 provided on the mirror box engages with the charge cam 20 to charge the shutter, and one end 19b thereof engages with the claw portion 22b of the locking lever 22 as shown in FIG. to maintain the shutter charge state. The shutter charge lever 19 in the reference position is held in a rotated position by the reference shaft cam surface 16b, and in this reference position, the claw part 22b of the locking lever 22 and the locking part 19b of the charge lever 19 are connected. A slight gap is provided between them in the vertical direction. This will be explained in detail as follows. FIG. 2 is an enlarged detailed view of the shutter system 20, 110-113 in the state of FIG. 1, that is, with the shaft 16c in the reference position. In the same figure, an iron piece 111 is provided so as to be slidable in the axial direction on a shaft 110c provided at one end of the arm 110 of the shutter.

The iron piece 111 is urged by a spring (not shown) so as to come into contact with the large diameter portion 110d at the tip of the shaft 110C. As shown in FIG. 1, when the shutter arm 110 is rotated to the left by the cam 20, there is some gap (s) between the large diameter portion 110d and the iron piece 111, that is, in the pressing direction. There is. Charge cam 20 like this
When the iron piece 111 with the roller 110a pressed against the yoke 113 by the cam surface 20a of the arm 1
Only No. 10 has a stroke relationship such that it is somewhat overcharged. The amount of the gap between the charging lever 119 on the side wall of the mirror box and the claw portion 20b of the locking lever 20 is equal to or slightly smaller than the amount of the gap (s) between the large diameter portion 110d and the iron piece 111. It is set. The aforementioned locking lever 22 locks the mirror up lever 40 and the charge lever 19 to the final stage of driving the mirror drive vertical lever 39 (the final stage of clockwise rotation) and rotates it onto the substrate (side wall) forming a mirror box (not shown). movably pivoted. A movable contact piece of a reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is in contact with a bent portion 22C provided at one end of the lever, and the movable contact piece always urges the lever 22 in the clockwise rotation direction.

The reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is a switch that stops the motor 1 which is rotating in reverse to drive the mirror drive system. The mirror drive vertical lever 39 is biased in the counterclockwise rotation direction by a spring 50, and its position is determined by coming into contact with a pin 51 implanted in a substrate (not shown).

Therefore, the operation of the mirror and aperture drive system (up to mirror up) is as follows. When the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in reverse, and the mirror drive lever 39 is rotated to the right by the mirror drive lever 33, which rotates to the right by the left rotation of the pin 31. Along with this rotation, the mirror up spring 42 and the aperture drive spring 46 are charged, and the mirror up lever 40 and the aperture regulation lever 41 also begin to rotate in the clockwise direction following this. But lever 40 is 45 and 40
It rotates by the gap between them and is stopped immediately by engagement between 22a and 40c. At this time, the movable mirror 43 is not yet rotated. As the aperture regulating lever 41 rotates to the right, the lens-side aperture interlocking lever 101 engages with the lever tip 41C.
The aperture inside the lens 100 also becomes narrower. The lever 48, which engages with a pin 47 installed on the aperture main control bar 41, is rotated to the left as the lever 41 moves. The lever 48 has an enlarged gear train 55, 56, 57 on the opposite side of the mirror box via the drive shaft 53, which enlarges the amount of rotation of the aperture regulating lever. The final gear 57 of the enlarged gear train is composed of a ratchet gear, and a locking pawl 63a arranged to stop the aperture at an arbitrary aperture diameter is connected to the ratchet gear 5.
7, the narrowing down operation is stopped.

Here we will briefly touch on the operation of obtaining a desired aperture value. The light passing through the lens 100 is measured at any time by a light receiving device (not shown) via a movable mirror 43, and a combination of shutter speed and aperture value to obtain appropriate exposure is selected by a circuit (not shown) based on the film sensitivity and photometric value. be done. When the aperture is narrowed down to the selected appropriate aperture value, this is detected by an aperture control circuit (not shown), and the aperture control circuit energizes the coil 58. Then, the armature 61, which had been attracted to the yoke 60 by the permanent magnet 59, loses the biasing force of the spring 62 because the combination magnets 58 to 60 temporarily reduce their force.
° This is attached to the shaft part 6 together with the aperture locking pawl 63.
Turn right around 4. Since the pawl portion 63a of the locking pawl locks the ratchet gear 57, the enlargement gears 55 to 57 and the aperture regulating lever 41 are stopped, and the aperture is stopped at a desired aperture opening diameter.

In this way, the desired aperture diameter can be obtained. Regardless of whether or not the aperture regulation lever 41 is stopped, the mirror drive vertical lever 39 rotates beyond the stroke of the lens-side aperture interlocking lever 101 to reach the minimum aperture diameter, and then comes into contact with the convex portion 220 of the locking lever 22 and locks the locking lever 22. This will cause it to rotate to the left. Here, when the aperture of the lens 100 is stopped at the open side of the minimum aperture, the aperture regulation lever 41 is fixed at that position, so after that, both the aperture drive spring 4G and the mirror drive spring 42 are charged. I'm going to go there. The locking lever 2 is rotated to the left by the lever 39 as described above.
2 releases both the mirror up lever 4o and the charge lever 19, which are locked by the claws 22a and 22b. Immediately after that, turn on the 5 reverse rotation stop switch SW2.
and stop motor 1. Mirror up lever 4
0 is rotated to the left by the mirror up spring 42 accumulated in the previous process. Therefore, the mirror up lever 40 pushes up the pin 45 at its tip, raises the movable mirror 43, and retracts the movable mirror 43 to the upper part outside the photographing optical path. As a result, it rotates to the right until its rotation is stopped by a stopper (not shown). In this state, the motor 1 is stopped and the lever 33 remains rotated to the right by the pin 31, so that the aperture-down state and the mirror-up state are maintained. The motor 1 stops near the top dead center where the pin 31 drives the lever 33.

The reverse rotation stop switch SW2 has the following two functions in addition to the function of stopping the drive (reverse operation) of the motor 1. One is that the switch SW2 is used as a trigger switch. That is, O of the switch SW2
A timer circuit (not shown) is driven (triggered) by N, and the front curtain is caused to run after a predetermined time set by the timer circuit. This predetermined time is a value that allows some margin for the time required for the mirror 43 to rise. Another reason is that it is used as a memory switch when re-measuring light. In other words, when the shutter release button is pressed halfway before release, the power of the camera and the photometry circuit are turned on, and the aperture diameter and shutter speed are combined according to the photometry output (of the light transmitted through the lens 100) at that point. is set. After the camera is released, the coil 58 is energized and the aperture diameter is controlled to the desired value.After that, the light transmitted through the aperture is measured again, and the measured value is stored, and based on this, the error in the aperture diameter control is calculated. This is corrected using the shutter speed to appropriately control the film exposure. The switch SW2 thus also serves as a memory switch for storing photometric values after aperture control. If the period after the aperture is controlled to the desired aperture diameter and until the photometric output related to the passing light is reliably memorized is called the re-metering time, this re-metering time is the period after the aperture is stopped at the control aperture value. It must be set larger than the sum of the bounce convergence time of the aperture and the time for accurately accumulating the signal related to subsequent photometry in the condenser. Conventionally, two mechanical delay mechanisms (flyholes, etc.) were required to obtain this re-photometry time. One is to drive the aperture at a moderate speed that can be controlled, and is often used in conjunction with an expansion mechanism that enlarges the aperture. The other one is a delay mechanism that buys time until the mirror starts rising. The difference between these two delays w1tjIO, that is, the time difference from the completion of narrowing down to the start of mirror up, is the re-photometry time. In this embodiment, as described above, the motor 1
This is one feature of this embodiment that since the mirror is raised by the motor 1 itself after the narrowing down is completed, there is no need to provide a special delay mechanism. That is, the aperture is driven by the motor 1 while charging the mirror up spring 42, and at the final end of the drive (after the lens 39 is driven to the position where the minimum aperture is obtained after the aperture is completed), the motor 1 itself moves the aperture. Since the mirror 43 is unlocked, the motor itself is used as a delay system and is also used as the entire drive source. This means that there is no particular need for energy to move a delay mechanism such as a flywheel.
This helps improve the efficiency of drive energy, and eliminates the need for one delay member such as a flywheel, making it possible to simplify the mechanism and reduce costs.

Next, driving of the shutter systems 20, 110 to 113 will be explained. As mentioned above, when the release button (not shown) is pressed down (fully pressed) and the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in reverse to drive the mirror (mirror up), and the shutter charge lever 17 also moves to the cam surface 16b. As mentioned earlier, the aircraft will be evacuated and turned to the right. Furthermore, since the mechanism and features of the shutter used in this embodiment have been described above, they are omitted here. Here, the magnet 1 is used for retracting the shutter charge lever 17 and locking the shutter front curtain.
12, 113 and the electromagnet for locking the shutter rear curtain (not shown).When a release signal is received from the camera release and the electromagnets for stopping the shutter front curtain and rear curtain are first energized, the iron piece 111 etc. are electromagnetically locked, and even if the mechanical locking by the charge cam 2o is released, the first and second shutter curtains will not move.Therefore, the motor 1 will operate and the lever 17 and Even if the charge cam 20 is gradually retracted from the arm 110 etc. via the shutter cam 19, the front and rear curtains of the shutter will not run.

Here, the method of retracting the charge cam 20 becomes a problem. As mentioned above in the description of the charge lever 19 of the shutter, there is a slight gap ( S) is provided. This is provided to absorb some overcharge when the iron piece 111 is pressed against the iron core 113 of the electromagnet by the charge cam 2o, but this gap (S) becomes a problem when the charge cam is retracted. That is, when the charge cam 20 is suddenly retracted, the above-mentioned gap (S) is forcefully pulled to the right in FIG. 2 by the action of the arm 110 and the spring 150.
! It is attracted by magnets 112 and 113. The electromagnet 112 protects the iron piece 111 from this impact.
, 113 has a weak suction force, and there is a risk that the suction may often fail and cause the shutter curtain to run.

In order to eliminate such accidents, it would be better to increase the attraction force of the electromagnet, but this would require increasing the size of the electromagnet or increasing the current consumption of the electromagnet. Not suitable for

Another method is to reduce the impact (speed) when the large diameter portion 110d of the arm 110 contacts the iron piece 111. However, in mechanisms that normally use this type of shutter, a locking pawl is often used to maintain the charged state of the arm, and due to the mechanical limitations of the locking pawl, the locking pawl must be released suddenly. I don't get it. There is also a method of creating a slope between the locking position of the locking pawl and the release point of the tip of the locking pawl, and releasing the lock while gradually retracting the charging member. Since the speed at which the claws are released is fast, there are many cases where it is not very effective, so it is not a good idea.

Therefore, in this embodiment, shutter charging (operation of pressing the iron piece 111 against the electromagnets 112, 113) is performed using the cam 16a, and at the point where the cam lift amount is maximum (the state shown in FIG. 1), the levers IT and 19 are activated. The cam surface 16b is formed such that the roller 18 slowly descends on the cam surface 16b when the cam 16a is retracted (rotated to the right). Therefore, the speed at which the iron piece 111 and the large diameter portion 110d of the arm 110 come into contact can be adjusted to any degree, and problems such as poor suction can be completely eliminated. To talk a little more about the cam surface 16b, from the state shown in FIG.
The amount of cam lift when the shaft 16c rotates backward (or forward) by a unit angle is the same as that when the shaft 16c rotates backward (or forward) by a unit angle.
Adjust the cam surface 1 so that it is smaller than the cam lift amount when the
6b. Therefore, when the cam 16a rotates backward (or forward) at a constant speed from the state shown in FIG.
The cam surface 20a of 0 slowly retreats from the roller 110a, and the large diameter portion 1
The moving speed of the arm 110 until the arm 10d contacts the iron piece 111 can be made smaller than the moving speed of the arm 110 thereafter. In this embodiment, the lever 22
It has a mechanical locking claw 22b.

This is a mirror drive with one motor 1 rotating forward and backward,
In the drive mechanism shown in Figure 1 that charges the shutter and winds the film, the shutter charge is transferred to the cam 1.
6a, the charge lever 17
cam surface 16b once during one positive rotation of film winding.
There is an opportunity to descend and evacuate. Locking claw 2
2b is for locking the charge lever 19 so that the arm 110 of the shutter curtain does not follow the charge lever 17 at that time. However, if the position of this locking claw 22b is within the overcharge stroke (S) of the shutter arm 110, a problem will occur as described above. When the arm 110 rotates to the right in accordance with has been done. For this reason, a gap is provided between the lever 19 and the claw portion 22b in the state shown in FIG.

As mentioned above, when the mirror up is completed, the electromagnets for the front curtain and the rear curtain are turned off in order by a circuit (not shown), and the arm 1 is turned off.
The 10th grade is turned to the right and the leading and trailing curtains are sequentially moved to obtain the desired shutter speed.

Next, the subsequent operation will be described. When the trailing curtain switch (not shown) is closed when the trailing curtain travel is completed, the forward rotation of the motor 1 is started in response to this trailing curtain traveling signal, and the mirror drive system 22, 39, 40 enters the mirror down process. As the motor 1 rotates forward, the reference shaft 16c and the reference shaft disc 32
The upper pin 31 also rotates normally (rotates to the right). During the mirror-up process (during the reversal of the reference shaft 16c), the mirror drive lever 33, which had been rotated to the right by the pin 31, remains in the triangular shape formed by the levers 34 and 36 and rotates to the left by the spring 70, following the pin. The mirror drive vertical lever 39, which had been rotated to the right by the mirror drive lever 33, also returns to rotation (left rotation) by the spring 50 following the lever 33, but at this time, the mirror up lever 40 is rotated by the ends 39b and 39d.
and the aperture regulation lever 41 are also turned to the left. As the mirror up lever 40 rotates to the left, the movable mirror 43 enters a mirror down process by the down spring 71.

The diaphragm interlocking lever 101, which is interlocked with the diaphragm blades (not shown) in the lens 100, is also pushed upward as the diaphragm regulating lever 41 rotates to the left, and the diaphragm widens toward its maximum opening. In other words, the spring 50 charges the aperture drive spring 102 in the lens 100 while charging the mirror drive system 22,3.
He has the ability to restore 9.40. At this time, the shutter charge lever 17 also rotates normally (clockwise) on this reference axis 16C.
Accordingly, the lever 19 is rotated to the left by the cam surface 16b on the reference gear 16, and the lever 19 presses the protrusion 20b of the cam 20 to rotate the cam 20 to the left.
is brought to a charged state as shown in FIG. The lever 19 is engaged with the reset lever 72 and rotates the reset lever 72 to the right about the shaft 73 during its right rotation process. The reset lever 72 is connected to the aperture locking lever 6 at the other end 72a.
3, and in its right-turning process, the lever 63 turns left against the spring 62. By turning the locking lever 63 to the left, the locking lever claw portion 63a that fixes the aperture at the control aperture value is released from the tracheat gear 57, and the lever 63
The armature 61 disposed in the yoke 60 of the combination magnet is pressed and attracted to the yoke 60 of the combination magnet. Expansion gear system 5 of 48.53° 55 to 63,130 for aperture control system
5, 56, and 57 are released from the lock by the claw portion 63a, and the return spring 74 of the aperture control system causes the lever 48 to return and rotate until it comes into contact with the aperture regulation lever 41, and is in the position shown in FIG. 1 (aperture open state). In this embodiment, the mechanism for resetting the aperture control system is shown in a simplified manner, and is explained using only one recent lever 72, but it is not functionally complete. I'm not satisfied with that. In other words, it is actually necessary to provide a mechanism (not shown) between the end portion 72a and the lever 63 so that the lever 63 can be rotated to the right when the lever 72 is rotated to the right. This schematic diagram shows that the aperture control claw 63a is released by the shutter charge lever 17 during the mirror down process, and the locking lever 63a is attached to the combination magnets 58 to 60.
The above mechanism is omitted for understanding only the reset method that attracts the . The reference shaft 16c, which was reversed in the mirror-up process, rotates forward (clockwise) as described above and returns to the original reference position (the position shown in Figure 1), completing the mirror-down, shutter charge, and reset of the aperture control system. do.

Next, the subsequent film winding will be described.

The motor 1 does not stop at that position (reference position), but passes through that position as it is, and enters the film winding process by one rotation (360'') of the reference shaft.The reference shaft 16c runs from the top to the bottom of the camera body. A bearing for each axis is provided in the main body of the camera body (not shown), and a winding gear 80 is disposed coaxially with the reference axis 16C.
The gear 80 is rotatably supported by a winding board of a camera body (not shown). On the upper surface of the gear 80, there is a small diameter cylindrical portion 80c smaller than the outer diameter of the gear 80, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG.
The four parts 80a into which the claw part 82a falls, and the reversal prevention claw 83
Four notches 80b are provided into which the holes are depressed. The reference position before releasing the camera is this winding limit lever 82.
determined by. Further, a pin 81 is implanted on the lower surface of the gear 80, and is engaged with the pin 31 implanted on the reference shaft disk 32 on the same radius. When the camera is released, the pin 31 rotates in reverse (left rotation), but has no effect on the winding gear 80. Winding limit lever 82
One end 82b is bent downward and serves as mirror drive lever 33.
The above-mentioned mirror drive lever 33
The winding limit lever 82 is also rotated to the right by turning it to the right (a step before raising the mirror). The lever 82 is disengaged from the winding gear 80 by this clockwise rotation, and at the final stage of its stroke (the final end of the clockwise rotation of the lever 33), the locking lever 8
The tip falls down and is locked into the claw portion 84a of No. 4.

When the reference shaft 16c shifts to the forward rotation (clockwise rotation) mode, passes through the reference position, and enters the film winding process, the winding limit lever 82 is moved into the winding recess 80a by the claw portion 84a described above.
The reference shaft pin 31 is held in a more removed position.
is the winding gear train 8 while rotating the winding gear 80 together.
6.91 to 94 can be rotated. A gear 86 that meshes with the winding gear 80 is a sprocket gear and rotates together with a sprocket shaft 87. A pin 88 implanted in the lower end of the sprocket shaft 87 and the sprocket 8
The rotation of the sprocket shaft 87 is transmitted to the sprocket 89 by engaging with a groove 89 a provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the sprocket shaft 87 . The sprocket shaft 87 can move up and down, and by moving downward, the pin 88 and the groove 89a of the sprocket are disengaged, and the sprocket 89 can be made free.

Furthermore, the sprocket shaft 87 is always urged upward by the spring 90, and as long as the sprocket shaft 87 is moving upward, the clutches 88, 89a remain engaged. The rotation of the winding gear 80 is transmitted from a sprocket gear 86 to a spool gear 92 via an idle gear 91. The spool gear 92 has a hole in its center rotatably supported by a substrate of a camera body (not shown), and its narrow diameter portion 9
A holding spring 3 is wound around 2a. One end 3a of the holding spring 3 is fitted into the hole 2a of the spool 2, and its holding torque constitutes a well-known slip mechanism (spool friction mechanism) during film winding. A multi-feed gear 94 is engaged with the spool gear 92 via an idle gear 93, and a winding gear 80 is engaged with the spool gear 92.
The configuration is such that the counter feed gear 94 is rotated once by one rotation. The counter feed gear 94 has a Geneva gear 9 on its upper part that meshes with a counter ratchet gear 95.
6, and one rotation of the Geneva gear 96 rotates the counter gear 95 by one scale, that is, the frame number display plate 98 integrated with the gear 95 is rotated by one sternum.

In addition, 97 is a lever that is linked to the opening and closing of the back cover, and when the back cover is closed, the Geneva gear 96 is pressed against the counter ratchet gear 95.
This is a lever that releases the engagement and resets the frame number display plate 98 to the position shown in FIG. 1 (7) when the back cover is opened. A return coil spring is provided inside the counter ratchet gear 95, and when the gear 95 is disengaged from the Geneva gear 96,
The mechanism is such that it independently returns to the above-mentioned first position (starting position). The frame number display board 98 is a counter switch S
It has a cam portion 98a that W3 comes into contact with, and the switch b is closed (
ON), it is identified that empty feeding is in progress. During the blank feed, the motor 1 continuously operates (rotates in forward and reverse directions to feed only the film up to the first frame. During this blank feed, the front curtain of the shutter is moved by electromagnets 112 and 113 by a circuit not shown, and the rear curtain of the shutter is moved by the electromagnets 112 and 113. are held in a charged state by electromagnets (not shown) configured similarly to electromagnets 112 and 113, and the front and rear curtains do not run.

Returning to the beginning, the operation of winding up the exposed film will be explained.

The pin 81, which is being rotated (clockwise) by the reference axis pin 31, comes into contact with the tip slope portion 36b of the lever 36 disposed on the mirror drive lever 33 during its rotation (clockwise rotation).
The lever 36 is rotated to the right to disengage it from the missing lever 34, and the winding gear 80 continues to rotate or the lever 36 is rotated to the right.
The triangle formed by the three points 4, 33, and 36 is collapsed, and only the lever 34 is pushed by the pin 81 and rotated to the right, and the lever 33 is rotated by the spring 70 while remaining in contact with the stopper 98. I won't let you go. Also, pin 81 rotates (clockwise)
The lever 84 also comes into contact with one end 84b of the intermediate locking lever 84 (almost simultaneously with the contact with the end 36b of the lever 36).
Rotate to the left. The hoisting limit lever 82 held by the locking portion 84a of the lever 84 is unlocked by this counterclockwise rotation, is rotated to the left by the movable contact piece of the hoist limit switch SWI, and comes into contact with the small diameter portion 80c of the hoisting gear 80. 8. The winding gear 80 makes one revolution and the film has been fed by 38 mm, that is, one sternum. At this time, the claw part 82a of the winding limit lever 82 melts into the recess 80a provided in the small diameter part 80C of the gear 80, and the gear Stop the rotation of 80. The hoisting limit switch SWI stops the forward rotation of the ONL motor 1 within the locking stroke of the hoisting limiting lever 82. In this way, the series of operations from camera release to film winding is completed, and the state shown in FIG. 1 is restored.

In addition, during the winding process, the reference pin 31 and the winding gear pin 8
The missed lever 34, which has been rotated to the right by 1, continues to be brought into contact with the pin 31 by the spring 35 and returns to rotation (rotation to the left) following the pin, and is slightly before the winding completion position (the position shown in the figure). At this point, the lever 36 is engaged with the locking portion 36a of the lever 36, and the three lever points 33, 34, and 36 again form a triangle.

Next, film rewinding will be described. In this embodiment, film rewinding is performed manually.

As a rewinding operation procedure, first, R10120 protruding upward from the upper cover (not shown) is pressed down. R8
There is a sprocket shaft 87 below 0120, and the sprocket shaft 87 is also pushed down. Sprocket shaft 87
A small diameter portion 87b that is one step smaller than the large diameter portion 87a of the shaft 87 is provided at the upper end, and when viewed from the end face (from above), this upper end has an omusubi shape as shown in an enlarged view in Fig. 3. It is cut with three faces 87c as shown in FIG. This cut portion 87c slightly bites into the large diameter portion 87a of the sprocket shaft 87, and the cut surface shape is convex as shown in FIG. A leaf spring 121 that is always urged toward the center of the sprocket shaft is pressed against the sprocket shaft.
7 is pushed down, the leaf spring 121 is inserted into the step portions 87d and 87e formed between the small diameter portion 87b and the large diameter portion 87a, and between the cant surface 87c and the large diameter portion 87a, respectively. The end (lower end) is caught and the upward movement of the shaft is stopped at that position. By pushing down the shaft 87 in this manner, the clutches 88, 89a between the sprocket shaft 87 and the sprocket 89 are disengaged, and the sprocket 89 becomes free. Further, in the position where the upward movement is prevented by the leaf spring 121, the clutch 88
, 89a are held in the uncoupled position. When the motor 1 is rotated from this state by a camera release or the like, the sprocket shaft 87 is rotated, and the four-legged spring 121 is pushed out to the large diameter portion 87a of the sprocket shaft by the four-legged dog at the end of the sprocket shaft. The stoppage is lifted. When the lock is released, the sprocket shaft 87 is moved upward by the spring 90, and the clutches 88, 89a are engaged. By disengaging the clutch and releasing the restraint on the sprocket 89, rewinding becomes possible. Therefore, the film is rewound using a rewinding knob (not shown). At that time, the spool 2 is reversed (rotated to the right) by the film, and the spool friction torque by the spring 3 is applied to the gear 80 of the film winding system.
．． 86,91.92 Nigaru.

If this spool friction torque is large, the motor 1 will also be reversed (rotated to the left) via the sprocket shaft 87, the reference shaft 16c, and the reduction system gear examples 5 to 15. When the sprocket shaft rotates, the locking leaf spring 121 is pushed out to the large diameter portion 87a of the sprocket shaft, so the Ri port 12
0 moves up and resets, making it impossible to rewind. In this embodiment, in order to prevent the above-mentioned drawbacks, the counterclockwise rotation of the winding gear 80 is stopped by the reverse rotation prevention lever 33.

Conventional reversal prevention mechanisms involve raising the winding gear tooth surface directly with a reversal prevention pawl, or using a separate ratchet gear to prevent reversal, but these methods are difficult to determine the position of the locking release point on the sprocket shaft. , the number of locking divisions must be close to infinity. In this embodiment, the winding gear 80
Using the rotation ratio (3; 4) of the sprocket shaft 87, the winding gear 80 is provided with a 4-tooth retaining portion 80b, and the sprocket shaft is provided with 3 unlocking portions 87c, thereby resetting the R10120. This prevents defects, that is, the stepped portion 87e of the sprocket shaft 87 and the large diameter portion 87a
Four engaging parts 80b are provided so that the reversal prevention lever 83 engages with the engaging parts 80b a little before the leaf spring 121 is pushed out, and thus corresponds to the stepped part 87e of the sprocket shaft. By providing the engaging portion 80b at this position, the R button 120 is prevented from being reset when the sprocket shaft 87 is reversely rotated (clockwise) with the minimum amount of the engaging portion 80b.

Next, the imaging sequence will be summarized according to the time chart shown in FIG. At the top of the diagram are the aperture drive curve a, the mirror travel curve S, e, and the shutter travel curve! c, d, etc. are shown,
The opening/closing timing of each switch is shown at the bottom.

First, load the film into the camera, close the back cover (at this time, counter switch SW3 is ONL), press the release button (fully pressed), and the electromagnets for the shutter front and rear curtains ( 112, 113, etc.) constantly attract and hold each shutter curtain, and power is supplied to the motor l.

Therefore, in the same way as the operation described above, the motor 1 starts to reverse, and the reference shaft 16c reverses by 105'', stops, and stops at 105'.
forward rotation of ``+360'' (the film is wound up with this rotation of 0360''), reverse rotation of 105'', stop, 105''
It is driven by a circuit (not shown) to make forward rotation of '+360'' and -------m-.Then, the frame number display board 98
When the display changes from "S" to rlJ, counter switch SW3 turns OFF and motor 1 stops (1
+ time point). This period from t0 to t1 is the film empty feeding section A.
It is. During this time, the shutter curtain does not move because it is attracted to the electromagnet.

Thereafter, when the release button is pressed halfway (at time tz), a halfway press switch (not shown) is turned on, and the light metering circuit and the control circuit for the entire camera are turned on. Then, the combination of aperture diameter and shutter speed that provides proper exposure is determined from the photometric output and AsA information before the camera is released, and is displayed in the finder. Furthermore, when the release button is pressed down (fully pressed), the release switch (not shown) linked to this momentarily turns ON, (at time ts), motor 1 starts reverse rotation (at time ts), and only the aperture is stopped by the aforementioned mechanism. (curve a), and just before the control aperture value is obtained (time t), the control circuit energizes the aperture control magnets 58 to 60 to stop the aperture control system. After the motor further reverses and passes through the stroke to the minimum aperture diameter, the mirror up lever 40 and charge lever are unlocked by the lever 22, and immediately after that, the motor is stopped by the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 (
(as of 11). Therefore, the movable mirror 43 does not travel on curve b)
Rise to a position that does not block the aperture (as of ts)
, t, to (, is the motor reversal section B for driving the aperture. During this section, the reference shaft 16C is reversed by 105'. Then, [7 to L] is the mirror-up section C. In Figure 5, the aperture travel curve a represents the change in the aperture diameter, and as it gradually decreases, the aperture becomes smaller.Moreover, the mirror travel curves wAb and e indicate the amount of movement of the point at the tip of the mirror with respect to time. In this embodiment, the amount of light transmitted through the aperture that has been narrowed down to the control aperture value is measured again, and the measured value is stored by the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 (11
time), and the shutter speed is re-determined, including correction of exposure amount due to aperture control error. At this time t...
The time point t becomes the re-photometry time. The period from time t to time t1 is the re-photometry time at the minimum aperture. Further, in this embodiment, the signal from the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is used as a trigger signal to cut off the power supply to the front curtain control electromagnets 112 and 113 after a predetermined time T and cause the front curtain to run (time t). Curve C is 2
This is the travel curve of the leading curtain when traveling through a 4mm aperture. Here, the two electromagnets 1 that lock the front curtain and rear curtain
12, 113, etc.), energization is started (at time 1) by a signal from a switch (not shown) at the release, and both ears are held until the shutter travels. When the power supply to the trailing curtain control electromagnet (not shown) is cut off after a control shutter time S by the exposure control circuit (not shown) (time t, 1), the desired slit width between the shutter curtains can be obtained. vAd indicates the running curve of the trailing curtain. When the rear curtain travel is completed (at the time of ttz), the rear curtain switch (not shown) is turned ON, and this signal causes the motor 1 to rotate forward, and the mirror down step e is started.
Enter. Shutter charging is also performed during this process.

1. From □ to tl+ is the normal rotation section of the motor that lowers the mirror and charges the shutter. During this normal rotation section, the reference shaft 16c rotates 105 inches in the normal direction.

The motor continues to rotate in the normal direction even after the mirror down is completed (after time t11), and enters the film winding process E. Here, the reference shaft 16c is rotated once (360" rotations) and the film is wound up onto the 38 mm (-9 minutes) winding roll 2. When the winding of 9 minutes of film is completed, the winding gear 8o is stopped by the winding limit lever 82, and at this time, the winding limit switch SWI is also turned ON and the motor 1 is stopped (at time t14). Exposure and winding are completed. The above is the drive sequence in the normal program exposure control mode.

Next, the driving and sequence when using a dedicated strobe will be explained. The program exposure control of this embodiment uses the original image feedback method (while the lens aperture is being driven, the amount of light passing through the aperture diameter is constantly measured, and the measured value is constantly fed back to the aperture control circuit to obtain the desired value). The diameter of the aperture is controlled to . However, with this program method, control may become difficult when the subject is dark. Therefore, it is not suitable for aperture control during flash photography. The aperture diameter when shooting with a strobe is determined based on the ASA sensitivity of the film, the shooting distance of the subject, and the guide number of the strobe. ), by setting the maximum reach distance, the film sensitivity becomes the only parameter for determining the grain diameter. Therefore, in this embodiment, when a dedicated strobe is attached, the aperture diameter is set and controlled according to the film sensitivity. Here, in this example, when a dedicated strobe with guide number 25 is attached, the aperture diameter is F5.6 when the regular strobe shadowing distance is 0.8 m to 4.5 m and the film sensitivity is ASA 100. It is set and controlled as follows. If the film sensitivity increases by one stop (
ASA200) Reduce the aperture diameter by one stop (F8), and if the film sensitivity decreases by one stop (ASA50) reduce the aperture diameter by one stop.
The aperture diameter is set as (F4). Therefore, if the film sensitivity is ASA 25 or higher, the light control range should always be set to 4.
．． It is possible to maintain up to 5m. At this time, the aperture control method does not use a light amount feedback method, but uses a time control method. The time control method refers to a method in which a timetable of driving time from the open aperture value to the control aperture value is prepared in advance, and the aperture diameter is controlled based on that time until the desired aperture diameter is obtained from the camera release. If an attempt is made to determine the aperture drive time based on a timetable, the following drawbacks will occur in cameras that control the aperture by motor drive. In other words, a change in the drive voltage between one terminal of the motor (6V to 4.5V) changes the motor startup characteristics, motor driving force, and rotation speed, which changes the timetable from release to control aperture value. .

Therefore, in this embodiment, a predetermined passing point (time t4 in Fig. 5) is set near the opening of the aperture, and a driving timetable (W in Fig. 5) from the 7 zeints to the control aperture diameter is used to solve the above problem. points have been resolved. In this embodiment, the point is set at a position approximately 1/2 stop from the open aperture position, and slide switches (131 to 134 to be described later) that are turned off at this point are provided. When controlling the time from the aperture passing point to the control aperture value, the slope of the aperture running curve must not change due to the drive voltage between one terminal of the motor. This requires consideration of the mechanical aperture drive mechanism, which will be discussed later. In this embodiment, the above timetable is divided into groups according to the open F value of the interchangeable lens. Interchangeable lenses are available in various combinations of focal lengths and aperture f-numbers, but the drive time per stop of aperture diameter during aperture drive is roughly classified only by the aperture f-number. Therefore, by controlling using an average drive timetable for each grouped aperture F-number, there is no need to prepare a separate timetable for the combination of focal length and aperture F-number including the intermediate aperture FN.

Now, returning to FIG. 1, the mechanical mechanism for controlling the time of the aperture will be explained. The method of driving the aperture, the method of locking the controlled aperture value, the other shutter control methods, the film winding method, etc. in the program exposure control mode described above are the same in the case of strobe control. Aperture regulation lever 4
The movement of the aperture is transmitted to the enlargement locking mechanism through the drive shaft 53 by the lever 48 interlocked with The contact piece 131 is connected to a printed circuit board 134 disposed on the surface facing the contact piece 131 in conjunction with the lever 130.
It is designed to slide on the top. Patterns 132° and 133 are provided on the printed circuit board 134, and at the open aperture position, there is a short circuit between both patterns through the contact piece 131, and when the aperture starts operating, the aperture is narrowed down to around 172 stops from the open aperture position. Patterns 132 and 133 are configured to be interrupted at a point. The time control circuit 135 temporally controls the aperture according to the timetable from this point. The time control circuit 135 determines that a strobe shadow will be produced when the strobe is turned on, the strobe is fully charged, the strobe synchronization time is automatically set, and the time control circuit 135 replaces the aperture control circuit in the program exposure control mode described above. The aperture can then be controlled. And contact piece 131 and pattern 1
32 and 133, time calculation begins. Then, just before the desired aperture value is obtained, the calculation is finished and the aperture control magnet 58
60 is energized and the ratchet wheel 57 is activated by the pawl 63a.
to stop the narrowing operation of the diaphragm. The time control circuit 135 determines what kind of curve (aperture running curve) the aperture of the interchangeable lens is narrowed down with respect to the aperture time based on the aperture value (open F number) of the lens attached to the camera. , determines what control aperture value should be set based on the film sensitivity signal. Based on these inputs, the circuit 135 calculates the time from the time when the aperture is stopped down by 1/2 stop (time t4 in FIG. 5) until the control aperture value is reached, or more specifically, just before that time. The time control circuit 135 uses the time calculated in this way as a clock time to control the aperture as described above. Of course, it is also possible to take out a signal from the operation of the lever 39, etc., and start time measurement from the time when the aperture starts from the open aperture, thereby controlling the aperture over time.

In this embodiment, in order to prevent the slope of the aperture traveling curve from changing due to the drive voltage (power supply voltage) between one terminal of the motor, a method is adopted in which the aperture is not driven directly by the motor, but is driven via an aperture drive spring 46. are doing. In other words, the motor driving force is directly connected to the aperture drive system 4 by gear connection, etc.
1, it will be directly affected by changes in motor drive voltage, and the drive time required to obtain a predetermined aperture value will change. If the driving force of the motor 1 is transmitted to the aperture drive system 41 via the aperture drive spring 46 as in this embodiment, it becomes possible to absorb the change in the drive force due to the voltage change by the spring. This is because the driving force of the motor 1 is stored in the spring 46, and the stored energy is used to drive the aperture, reducing the amount of change in the driving time of the aperture until a predetermined aperture value is obtained. becomes possible.

Further, in this embodiment, the timetable is changed depending on the aperture F value of the lens as described above. Therefore, the time control circuit 135 selects a timetable according to the open F value of the interchangeable lens attached to the camera, and changes the aperture driving time according to this timetable. To give a specific example, the aperture F of the lens
If the value is Fl, 2° Fl, 4, then according to the timetable of the lens Fl, 4, Fl, 8. F2. If O, then F2. O
According to the lens timetable, F2.5. F2゜8
Then, according to the timetable of the F2.8 lens, use F3.
．． 5. F4. 0, F4.5, the aperture driving time is changed according to the timetable of F4°0.

In this embodiment, the aperture control is switched to the time control method only during flash photography, but the time control method can also be applied to the aperture control in the program exposure control mode described above.

Further, in the embodiment, only the shutter system for the front curtain is shown, but the shutter system for the rear curtain is also exactly the same as the shutter system for the front curtain except for the time when the electromagnet is energized.

Further, in the embodiment, the cam surface of the cam 16 is devised to slow down the retracting movement speed of the arm 110, but the same effect may be achieved by devising the cam surface 20a of the cam 20.

(Effect of the invention) By reversing the camera drive system from the reference position, the mirror drive force is charged and the aperture is driven.
Next, in the process of normal rotation and return to the reference position, the mirror is lowered and the shutter is charged, and the film is wound by passing through the film and making one rotation, which enables the dispersion of each driving force. Therefore, since the motor load can be reduced, the motor power can also be reduced, allowing for a compact, lightweight, and power-saving design.

Further, by maximizing the load on the motor during the film winding process and minimizing the shank charging process, it is possible to limit the motor stop position when the battery is exhausted to the film winding process. At least, by setting the load ratio so as not to stop during shank charging, it is no longer possible to leave the charger in the middle of charging, which is vulnerable to light leakage between intermissions, so that more light leakage can be prevented.

By driving the mirror system with a swinging lever consisting of three levers, it is possible to create a reliable latch mechanism with only a single surface, and it is possible to provide an inexpensive drive mechanism with a small number of parts.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the drive diameter, Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the shutter system (front curtain), Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the hoisting gear and sprocket gear seen from above, and Figure 4 is the sprocket shaft. The perspective view and FIG. 5 are time charts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a camera with a built-in motor, a reference shaft is connected to a motor capable of forward and reverse rotation, and the shutter is charged by a cam surface provided at one end of the shaft. and a charging mechanism for retracting the charging member, a swinging lever that swings by a pin on a disc disposed at the other end of the shaft to drive the aperture and the mirror, and a swinging lever that engages with the pin. When the motor is reversed, it drives the aperture, charges the mirror up spring, and retracts the shutter charging member. At the end of the drive, the mirror is unlocked, the movable mirror is raised, and the next shutter is activated. The shutter is charged, the diaphragm and the movable mirror are returned by rotating the motor in the forward direction in response to the closing signal.
A camera with a built-in motor, characterized in that the camera winds the film by passing through a reference position and then rotating forward. 2. The above-mentioned swing lever is composed of three levers: a main swing lever (mirror drive lever), an idle lever, and a locking lever, and the reference shaft rotates backward from the reference position, then rotates forward. During the process of returning to the reference position (mirror system drive process), the three levers form a triangle and swing, and during the next winding process, the locking lever and the missing lever are unlocked, and only the missing lever is released. A camera with a built-in motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the camera is configured to swing.