JPS6238435A - Control device for diaphragm of camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To remove the complexity of operation and malfunction by using one point in a diaphragm stroke as a starting point and obtaining a control diaphragm value on the basis of clocking time. CONSTITUTION:The movement of the diaphragm is transmitted to an expansion locking mechanism by a lever 48 interlocking with a diaphragm regulating lever 41 through a driving shaft 53, and since an armature 131 is arranged on a lever 130 fixed on one end of the driving shaft 53, the armature 131 is slided on a printed substrate 134 arranged on a surface opposed to the armature 131, while interlocking with the lever 130. Patterns 132, 133 are formed on the printed substrate 134, and at the opened position of the diaphragm, both the patterns are shorted through the armature 131. At the start of stopping operation, the pattern 132 is disconnected from the pattern 133 at a point stopping the diaphragm up to a half step from the opening of the diaphragm. A time control circuit 135 controls the time of the diaphragm from said point in accordance with a time table.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to an aperture control device in a camera.

(Background of the invention) Conventionally, for example, when taking flash photography, the aperture value of the camera,
It is necessary to preset the shutter speed and time for the flash, which not only complicates the setting operation but also causes erroneous settings.

Furthermore, the aperture value for flash photography must be set in consideration of the guide number of the strobe device used, which makes setting the aperture value for flash photography even more complicated. For this reason, using a dimming strobe may make it easier to calculate the aperture value for flash, but when performing flash overshadowing using a dimming strobe, the aperture value can also be calculated using the characteristics of the dimming strobe. etc., it is necessary to manually pre-center the aperture value according to the film sensitivity used, and the aperture value must also be changed depending on the sensitivity of the film used, which has the drawback of being complicated and causing erroneous settings.

(Objective of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to eliminate complicated operations and erroneous operations.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the internal mechanism of an electrically driven camera to which the present invention is applied, showing a state at a reference position where film winding has been completed and the camera is waiting for the next release. Reference numeral 1 denotes a single motor that serves as a drive source for all charges in the camera, such as film winding, aperture drive, shutter charge, and mirror drive. ing. The film winding Lisbourg 2 is rotatably supported by the above-mentioned substrate (not shown), and has a holding spring 3 (spool friction spring) at its upper end.
There is a hole 2a that engages with the foot portion 3a of the foot.

The spool 2 is driven by a leg portion 3a as will be described later, and is rotatable around a motor 1 fixed to a base plate. The gear 5 is rotatably fitted to the rotating shaft 1a that outputs the rotation of the motor 1, and includes a compression coil spring 6, a tension washer 7a,
7b, the rotational torque of the motor 1 is normally transmitted as is. Gear 8, 9.
10, 11°, 12.13, 14.15 are gear trains that reduce the speed from the motor shaft gear 5 to the reference shaft gear 16.

Next, an outline of the operation of this device will be explained. In this embodiment, as described below, power is supplied to the photometry circuit when the release button is pushed one step (half-press), and when the release button is pushed one step further (
(fully pressed), the motor rotates and a series of sequence operations such as aperture-down operation, mirror-up operation, and movement of the shutter curtain are performed in sequence. In this specification, camera release refers to a series of sequence operations of the camera. It means to start. First, when the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in reverse, causing the shaft 1a to rotate to the right) and the reference shaft 16c to rotate in the reverse direction (to rotate to the left). The reverse rotation angle of the reference axis L 6'C is 10
5", the reference shaft 16c rotates in the opposite direction, and the lever 41
is activated to drive the lens aperture (diaphragm). At this time, the reference shaft 16c is simultaneously connected to the drive spring 4 of the movable mirror 43.
2 is also charged, and at the final end of the reversal, the movable mirror 4
3 is released and the movable mirror 43 is moved (mirror up). The motor 1 stops when reversed by a predetermined angle, and then the t-magnets 112 and 113 for controlling the front shutter curtain and the electromagnets (not shown) for controlling the shutter rear curtain are activated (demagnetized) in sequence, and the front and rear curtains of the shutter are activated (demagnetized) in sequence. When the motor 1 sequentially runs, the motor 1 starts normal rotation (left rotation) in response to the trailing curtain run completion signal, and the reference shaft 16C also rotates in the normal direction, returning to the reference position (the position shown in FIG. 1). In this process, the movable mirror drive system 22, 39
．． 40 and the aperture drive system 41 in their normal positions (positions shown in Figure 1)
to be restored. During this mirror down process, the shutter systems 20, 112 to 113 are charged and the aperture control magnet is reset.

The reference shaft 16c continues to rotate in the normal direction (clockwise rotation) even after passing the reference position.
The film is advanced by rotating 360 degrees with respect to the reference position.This embodiment makes full use of the forward and reverse rotation of one motor to move the aperture drive, mirror up, shutter charge, and film winding. It serves as the drive source for all camera drive systems such as winding.

The details of the operation by the reference shaft 16c will be explained below in accordance with the order of operation.

First, let's talk about the shutter system charge.

When the release button (not shown) is pressed down (fully pressed) and the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in reverse (clockwise), and the driving force of the motor 1 is transferred to the reference gear 16 via the reduction gear system 8 to 15. communicated. A cam portion 16a is provided on this reference gear 16. This cam portion 16a is for charging the shutter, and a roller 18 installed on a shutter charge lever 17 is in contact with the cam surface 16b. As shown in the figure, at the reference position (before release), the shutter charge lever 17 is moved by the spring 21 to the highest surface of the cam surface 16b (portion with a large lift amount).
The charge cam 20 in the shutter unit is in a charged state via the charge lever 19 of the mirror drive system 22, 39, 40, that is, the cam 20 presses one end 110a of the arm 110, and the iron piece 1 of the arm 110
11 is held pressed against the coil 112 and yoke 113. Incidentally, the cam 2o is always urged to rotate to the right by a spring (not shown).

Therefore, when the reference shaft 16c rotates counterclockwise with the release of the camera, the shutter charge lever 17
The rotation shaft 17a is rotated along the cam surface 16b by the spring 21.
(not shown), and the charge lever 1
As the charge cam 9 also follows this, the charge cam 2° in the shutter unit retreats from the roller 110a of the arm 110 by more than the operating angle of the arm 110. At this time iron piece 111
are attracted to energized electromagnets 112 and 113. As described later, switch SW2 is activated by reversing the motor l.
is turned on, and then after a predetermined time, the power to the coil 112 is cut off, the adsorption of the arm 110 is released, the arm 110 is rotated to the right by the spring 150, the shutter front curtain runs, and then (after the exposure time) ) The power to the electromagnet for the shutter rear curtain is cut off, and the shutter rear curtain runs. When the film exposure process is thus completed and the trailing curtain run completion signal is generated, the motor 1 rotates in the normal direction, the reference shaft 16e also rotates in the normal direction (turns right), and the mirror down process begins. During this process, the shutter charge lever 17 is forcibly rotated counterclockwise by the cam surface 16b, and the cam 20 is rotated to the left via the mirror drive system charge lever 19. Then, the end 11 of the arm 110 is controlled by the end 20a of the cam 20.
0a is pressed, arm 110 is rotated to the left, and arm 1
An iron piece 111 provided at 10 is pressed against electromagnets 112, 113. The iron piece 111 is then in a state where it can be attracted by the electromagnet. In this way, the drive unit 11 of the shutter front curtain
0 to 113 are reset to the charged state. Resetting the drive unit for the shutter trailing curtain to the charged state is also done in the same way. Shutter charging is performed as described above.

Next, the mirror and aperture drive system will be described. Reference axis 16
At the other end of c, a circular plate 32 is fixed by a screw 32a, and a bottle 31 is planted on the circular plate.

The mirror drive lever 33 and the idle swing lever 34 are coaxially supported on a base plate of a camera body (not shown) so as to be able to rotate independently. It is biased clockwise by a spring 35. Mirror drive lever 33
A locking lever 36 is rotatably supported on the upper part about a shaft 37, and is biased by a spring 38 in the counterclockwise direction. A recess (locking part) 36 is provided at the tip of the locking lever 36.
a is provided, and the tip bent portion 34a of the missed swing lever 34
These three levers 33, 34, and 36 form a triangle.

The tip of the mirror drive lever 33 is engaged with the tip of the mirror drive vertical lever 39 on the mirror box side.
By turning the lever 33 to the right, the mirror drive system is driven.

When the camera is released as described above (by pressing the release button, etc.), the reference shaft 16c begins to rotate counterclockwise.
The bin 31 also rotates in the same direction. The pin 31 engages with the cam surface 34b of the idle vibration lever 34, and rotates the idle vibration lever 34 to the right as the reference shaft 16c rotates. Missing lever 3
4 is in a fixed relationship with the mirror drive lever 33 via the lever 36, as described above, and is rotated to the right while maintaining the triangular shape formed by these three points.

In this way, the rotational movement of the bottle 31 is converted into a one-stroke movement by the three levers, and its stroke is also expanded.
The drive lever 39 provided on the side wall of the mirror box is rotated to the right.

Receives the driving force of motor 1 and drives the lens aperture,
A mirror drive vertical lever 39 that charges the driving force for raising the mirror and has the function of releasing the lock of the movable mirror 43, a mirror up lever 40 that raises the movable mirror 43, and drives the aperture of the lens. The aperture regulating lever 41 and the charge lever 19 for charging the shutter are coaxially supported on a substrate (not shown) forming a mirror box (side wall of the mirror box) so that they can rotate independently.

A tension coil spring 42 is placed between one end 40a of the mirror up lever 40 and one end 39a of the mirror drive joint lever 39, and always biases the mirror up lever 40 in the right direction. However, mirror up lever 4
The other end 39b of the mirror drive vertical lever is in contact with the other end 39b of the mirror drive vertical lever, and serves as an internal force spring for the two levers 39 and 40.

Reference numeral 43 denotes a movable mirror, which before the camera is released is disposed in front of the film surface and inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the photographing optical path. This movable mirror 43 is moved as described below (after the diaphragm is driven to a predetermined aperture value, the holding frame 4 of the movable mirror 43
The bin 45 fixed on the mirror up lever 40 is pushed up by the tip of the mirror up lever 40, thereby retracting above the photographing optical path.

Mirror up lever 4 before camera release
In the 0 position, the lever 39 is held at the initial drive position by one end 39b, and the lever 40 and pin 45
A predetermined distance is maintained between the two. In addition, in this initial position, the bent portion 40c of the up lever 40 is engaged with the claw portion 22a of the locking lever 22, so that even if the mirror drive vertical lever 39 is rotated (clockwise), the mirror does not reach the final stage of rotation. The up lever 40 is held in this position.

An aperture drive spring 46 is applied to one end 41a of the aperture regulation lever 41 and one end 39c of the mirror drive vertical lever 39, and this spring 46 urges the aperture regulation lever 41 in a clockwise direction. However, since the other end 39d of the mirror drive vertical lever 39 and the other end 41b of the aperture regulation lever 41 are engaged, the spring 46 becomes an inward spring between the two levers 39,40. In the initial position before the camera is released, the aperture regulation lever 41 is held at the aperture open position by the lever 39. Aperture regulation lever 41
The tip 41C is an interchangeable lens 100 attached to the camera.
An aperture interlocking lever 10 that interlocks with an aperture mechanism (not shown) inside.
1, and by pushing up the lever 101 against the lens-side aperture spring 102, the aperture blades are held in the open position. In this embodiment, the aperture interlocking lever 101 that interlocks with the aperture blades in the lens 100 has a spring 10.
2, and by moving downward,
The aperture narrows down. Further, a pin 47 is installed on the aperture regulation lever 41, and a lever 48 that engages with the pin 47 magnifies the movement of the aperture regulation lever 4-1.
Further, the aperture is connected to locking mechanisms 55 to 57, 63, and 130 that lock the aperture when the aperture reaches a predetermined aperture diameter.

The charge lever 19 holds the charge cam 20 in the shutter unit at the position shown in the figure against the biasing force of the cam 20 in a state in which it is rotated to the right by the charge lever 17 described above.

The mechanism for charging the shutter has been described above, but here we will explain a little more about the mechanism for driving the shutter. In FIG. 1, the drive unit 1 of the shutter front curtain
Although only 10 to 113 are shown in the figure, the drive unit for the shutter trailing curtain is also the same, so it is not shown as described above. The shutter of this embodiment is for the electromagnets 112, 113 for the front curtain and for the rear curtain! Two electromagnets (not shown) are used, and when the shutter is charged, an iron piece disposed on each of the arm 110 that supports the leading curtain and the arm (not shown) that supports the trailing curtain is connected to each electromagnet. is adsorbed to. After the mirror is raised, the electromagnets for the front curtain and rear curtain are sequentially demagnetized according to the desired time, so that the shutter front curtain and the shutter rear curtain sequentially travel through the aperture, and the mechanism performs exposure with the desired slit width. Become. In FIG. 1 showing the charging state, the charge cam 20 is always urged in the clockwise rotation direction by a spring (not shown) as described above.

The blade arm 110 is rotated to the position before traveling due to the difference in cam lift amount between the cam surfaces 20a of the cam 20.

The leading blade arm 110 has a leading blade group consisting of a plurality of blades at the tip (not shown) of one end 110b, and forms a four-bar link with the blade group, and receives transmitted light from the lens 100. Open and close the aperture of the camera body. In this embodiment, the leading blade arm 110 is always biased in the clockwise direction by the spring 150, and the shutter blade travels in a direction from top to bottom. An iron piece 111 is disposed at the other end of the arm, and is pressed by the cam surface 20a of the charge cam 2o against the distal end surface of an attraction type iron core 113 which has an attractive force when the coil 112 is energized. Since the arms for the leading and trailing curtains (not shown) do not have a rear stop member, if the charge lever 17 is retracted while the coil 112 etc. are not energized, the cam 20 will rotate due to the spring (not shown). They will follow and travel together. Therefore, in this embodiment, the arms for the leading and trailing curtains are always held by the other charge lever 19 in the charged state. That is, one end 19a of the charge lever 19 provided on the mirror box engages with the charge cam 20 to charge the shutter, and one end 19b thereof engages with the claw portion 22b of the locking lever 22 as shown in FIG. to maintain the shutter charge state. The shutter charge lever 19 in the reference position is held in a rotated position by the reference shaft cam surface 16b, and in this reference position, the shutter charge lever 19 is held between the claw portion 22b of the locking lever 22 and the locking portion 19b of the charge lever 19. A slight gap is provided in the vertical direction. To explain this in detail, it is as follows (2I2I is the shutter system 20, 110 to 113 in the state shown in FIG. 1, that is, the state in which the shaft 16C is at the reference position)
FIG. In the figure, an iron piece 111 is provided so as to be slidable in the axial direction on a shaft 110C provided at one end of the arm 110 of the shutter.

The iron piece 111 is urged by a spring (not shown) so as to come into contact with the large diameter portion 110d at the tip of the shaft 110C. As shown in FIG. 1, when the shutter arm 110 is rotated to the left by the cam 20, there is some gap (S) between the large diameter portion 110d and the iron piece 111, that is, in the pressing direction. There is. Charge cam 20 like this
When the iron piece 111 with the roller 110a pressed against the yoke 113 by the cam surface 20a of the arm 1
Only No. 10 has a stroke relationship such that it is somewhat overcharged. The amount of the gap between the charge lever 119 on the side wall of the mirror box and the claw part 20b of the locking lever 20 is equal to or slightly smaller than the gap 1 (s) between the large diameter part 110d and the iron piece 111. It is set. The aforementioned locking lever 22 locks the mirror up lever 40 and the charge lever 19 until the mirror drive vertical lever 39 reaches its final drive stage (the final stage of clockwise rotation) and is rotated onto a substrate (side wall) forming a mirror box (not shown). movably pivoted. A movable contact piece of a reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is in contact with a bent portion 22e provided at one end of the lever, and the movable contact piece always urges the lever 22 in the clockwise rotation direction.

The reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is a switch that stops the motor 1 which is rotating in reverse to drive the mirror drive system. The mirror drive vertical lever 39 is biased in the counterclockwise direction by a spring 50, and its position is determined by abutting against a pin 51 implanted in a substrate (not shown).

Therefore, the operation of the mirror and aperture drive system (up to mirror up) is as follows. When the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in reverse, and the mirror drive lever 39 is rotated to the right by the mirror drive lever 33, which rotates to the right by the left rotation of the pin 31. Along with this rotation, the mirror up spring 42 and the aperture drive spring 46 are charged, and the mirror up lever 40 and the aperture regulation lever 41 also begin to rotate in the clockwise direction following this. But lever 40 is 45 and 40
It rotates by the space between the two and is immediately stopped by the engagement between 22a and 40c. At this time, the movable mirror 43 is not yet rotated. As the aperture regulating lever 41 rotates to the right, the lens-side aperture interlocking lever 101 engages with the lever tip 41c.
The aperture inside the lens 100 also becomes narrower. A lever 48 that engages with a pin 47 installed on the aperture regulating lever 41 is rotated to the left as the lever 41 moves. The lever 48 is an enlarged gear train 5 that expands the amount of rotation of the aperture regulation lever to the opposite side of the mirror box via the drive shaft 53.
5.56.57. Final gear 5 of expanded gear train
Reference numeral 7 is composed of a ratchet gear, and a locking pawl 63a arranged to stop the aperture at an arbitrary aperture diameter is a ratchet gear 57.
By engaging with , the narrowing down operation is stopped.

Here we will briefly touch on the operation of obtaining a desired aperture value. The light passing through the lens 100 is measured at any time by a light receiving device (not shown) via a movable mirror 43, and a combination of shutter speed and aperture value to obtain appropriate exposure is selected by a circuit (not shown) based on the film sensitivity and photometric value. be done. When the aperture is narrowed down to the selected appropriate aperture value, this is detected by an aperture control circuit (not shown), and the aperture control circuit energizes the coil 58. Then, the armature 61, which had been attracted to the yoke 60 by the permanent magnet 59, loses the biasing force of the spring 62 because the combination magnets 58 to 60 temporarily reduce their force.
This is attached to the shaft portion 64 together with the aperture locking pawl 63.
Rotate to the right around . Since the pawl portion 63a of the locking pawl locks the ratchet gear 57, the enlargement gears 55 to 57 and the aperture regulating lever 41 are stopped, and the aperture is stopped at a desired aperture opening diameter.

In this way, the desired aperture diameter can be obtained. Regardless of whether or not the aperture regulation lever 41 is stopped, the mirror drive vertical lever 39 rotates beyond the stroke of the lens-side aperture interlocking lever 101 to achieve the minimum aperture diameter, and then comes into contact with the convex portion 220 of the locking lever 22 and locks the locking lever 22. This will cause it to rotate to the left. Here, when the aperture of the lens 100 is stopped at the open side of the minimum aperture, the aperture regulation lever 41 is fixed at that position, and after that, both the aperture drive spring 46 and the mirror drive spring 42 are charged. I'm going to go there. The locking lever 2 is rotated to the left by the lever 39 as described above.
2 opens both the mirror up lever 40 and the charge lever 19, which are locked by the claws 22a and 22b. Immediately after that, turn on the reverse rotation stop switch SW2.
L, 'Stop motor 1. The mirror up lever 40 is rotated to the left by the mirror up spring 42 accumulated in the previous process. Therefore, the pin 45 is pushed up at the tip of the mirror up lever 40, the movable mirror 43 is raised, and the movable mirror 43 is retracted to the upper part outside the photographing optical path. Along with this, it rotates to the right until the rotation is stopped by a stopper (not shown). In this state, the motor 1 is stopped and the lever 33 remains rotated to the right by the pin 31, so that the aperture-down state and the mirror-up state are maintained. The motor 1 stops near the top dead center where the pin 31 drives the lever 33.

The reverse rotation stop switch SW2 has the following two functions in addition to the function of stopping the drive (reverse operation) of the motor 1. One is that the switch SW2 is used as a trigger switch. That is, O of the switch SW2
A timer circuit (not shown) is driven (triggered) by N, and the front curtain is caused to run after a predetermined time set by the timer circuit. This predetermined time is a value that allows some margin for the time required for the mirror 43 to rise. Another reason is that it is used as a memory switch when re-measuring light. In other words, when the release button is pressed halfway before release, the camera's power and photometry circuit are turned on, and the aperture diameter and shutter speed are combined according to the photometry output (of the light transmitted through the lens 100) at that point. is set. After the camera is released, the coil 58 is energized and the aperture diameter is controlled to the desired value.After that, the light transmitted through the aperture is further photometered and the measured value is stored, and based on this, the control error of the aperture diameter can be adjusted to the shutter speed. The film exposure amount is controlled appropriately. In this way, the switch SW2 also serves as a memory switch for storing the photometric value after the aperture control m. If the period after the aperture is controlled to the desired aperture diameter and until the photometric output related to the passing light is reliably memorized is called the re-metering time, this re-metering time is the period after the aperture is stopped at the control aperture value. It must be set larger than the sum of the bounce convergence time of the aperture and the time for accurately accumulating the signal related to subsequent photometry in the condenser.

Conventionally, two mechanical delay mechanisms (flyholes, etc.) were required to obtain this re-photometry time. One is to drive the aperture at a moderate speed that can be controlled, and is often used in conjunction with an expansion mechanism that enlarges the aperture. The other one is a delay mechanism that buys time until the mirror starts rising. The difference between these two delay mechanisms, that is, the time difference from the completion of stopping down to the start of mirror up, is the re-photometry time. In this embodiment, as described above, after the motor 1 completes the narrowing down, the mirror is raised by the motor 1 itself, so there is no need to provide a special delay mechanism.This is one feature of this embodiment. That is, the aperture is driven while charging the mirror up spring 42 with the motor 1, and
At the final end of the drive (after the lens 39 has been driven to the position where the aperture is completed and the minimum aperture is obtained), the movable mirror 43 is released by the motor 1 itself. It is also used as a driving source. This does not require special energy to move a delay mechanism such as a flywheel, which helps improve the efficiency of drive energy, and also eliminates the need for one delay member such as a flywheel, making it possible to simplify the mechanism. This leads to cost reduction.

Next, driving of the shutter systems 20, 110 to 113 will be explained. As mentioned above, when the release phase (not shown) is pressed down (fully pressed) and the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in reverse to drive the mirror (mirror up), and the shutter charge lever 17 also moves to the cam surface 16b. As mentioned earlier, the aircraft will be evacuated and turned to the right. Furthermore, since the mechanism and features of the shutter used in this embodiment have been described above, they are omitted here. Here, the retraction of the shutter charge lever 17 and the electromagnet 1 for locking the shutter front curtain are explained.
12. Describing the energization relationship between 113 and the electromagnet for locking the shutter rear curtain (not shown) When a release signal is received by the camera release and the electromagnets for stopping the shutter front curtain and rear curtain are first energized, the iron piece 111 etc. are electromagnetically locked, and even if the mechanical locking by the charge cam 20 is released, the front and rear shutter curtains will not run. Therefore, even if the motor 1 is operated thereafter and the charge cam 20 is gradually retracted from the arm 110 etc. via the levers 17 and 19, the shutter leading and trailing curtains will not run.

Here, the method of retracting the charge cam 20 becomes a problem. As mentioned above in the description of the charge lever 19 of the shutter, there is a slight gap ( S) is provided. This is provided to absorb some overcharge when the iron piece 111 is pressed against the iron core 113 of the electromagnet by the charge cam 20, but this gap (S) becomes a problem when the charge cam is retracted. That is, when the charge cam 20 is suddenly retracted, the above-mentioned gap (S) is forcefully pulled to the right in FIG. 2 by the action of the arm 110 and the spring 150.
It is attracted to electromagnets 112 and 113. This will give an impact to the iron piece 111. In response to this impact, the electromagnet 112
．． The suction force of the shutter curtain 113 is weak, and there is a risk that the suction may often fail and cause the shutter curtain to move.

In order to eliminate such accidents, it would be better to increase the attraction force of the electromagnet, but this would involve increasing the size of the MXm stone! It is necessary to increase the current consumption of the magnet, and it is not suitable for power saving 2 small and lightweight design.

Another method is to reduce the impact (speed) when the large diameter portion 110d of the arm 110 contacts the iron piece 111. However, in mechanisms that normally use this type of shutter, a locking pawl is often used to maintain the charged state of the arm, and due to the mechanical limitations of the locking pawl, the locking pawl must be released suddenly. I don't get it. There is also a method of creating a slope between the locking position of the locking pawl and the release point of the tip of the locking pawl, and releasing the lock while gradually retracting the charging member. Since the speed at which the claws are released is fast, it often does not have a great effect, so it is not a good idea.

Therefore, in this embodiment, shutter charging (operation of pressing the iron piece 111 against the electromagnets 112, 113) is performed using the cam 16a, and at the point where the cam lift amount is maximum (the state shown in FIG. 1), the levers IT and 19 are activated. The cam surface 16b is formed such that the roller 18 slowly descends on the cam surface 16b when the cam 16a is retracted (rotated to the right). Therefore, the speed at which the iron piece 111 and the large diameter portion 110d of the arm 110 come into contact can be adjusted to any degree, and problems such as poor suction can be completely eliminated. To talk a little more about the cam surface 16b, from the state shown in FIG.
The amount of cam lift when 6C rotates backwards (or forwards) by a unit angle is the same as the amount of cam lift when shaft 16C rotates backwards (or forwards) by a unit angle.
Adjust the cam surface 1 so that it is smaller than the cam lift amount when the
．． 6b is formed. Then the cam 16a becomes the first
When the cam 20 rotates in reverse (or forward) at a constant speed from the state shown in the figure, the cam surface 20a of the cam 20 slowly retreats from the roller 110a, and the large diameter portion 110d hits the iron piece 111 due to the reverse (or forward) rotation of the reference shaft 16a. Arm 110 until contact
The moving speed of the arm 110 can be made smaller than the moving speed of the arm 110 thereafter. In this embodiment, the lever 22 has a mechanical locking claw 22b.

This will drive the mirror by rotating one motor 1 in the forward and reverse directions.
In the drive mechanism shown in Figure 1 that charges the shutter and winds the film, the shutter charge is transferred to the cam 1.
6a, the charge lever 17
cam surface 16b once during one positive rotation of film winding.
There is an opportunity to descend and evacuate. Locking claw 2
2b is for locking the charge lever 19 so that the arm 110 of the shutter curtain does not follow the charge lever 17 at that time. However, if the position of this locking claw 22b is within the overcharge stroke (S) of the shutter arm 110, a problem will occur as described above. When the arm 110 rotates to the right in accordance with . For this reason, a gap is provided between the lever 19 and the claw portion 22b in the state shown in FIG.

As mentioned above, when the mirror up is completed, the electromagnets for the front curtain and the rear curtain are turned off in order by a circuit (not shown), and the arm 1 is turned off.
The 10th grade is turned to the right and the leading and trailing curtains are sequentially moved to obtain the desired shutter speed.

Next, the subsequent operation will be described. When the trailing curtain switch (not shown) is closed when the trailing curtain travel is completed, the forward rotation of the motor 1 is started in response to this trailing curtain travel signal, and the mirror drive system 22, 39, 40 enters the mirror down process. As the motor 1 rotates forward, the reference shaft 16c and the reference shaft disc 32
The upper pin 31 also rotates normally (rotates to the right). During the mirror-up process (during the reversal of the reference shaft 16c), the mirror drive lever 33, which had been rotated to the right by the pin 31, remains in the triangular shape formed by the levers 34 and 36 and rotates to the left by the spring 70, following the pin. The mirror drive vertical lever 39, which had been rotated to the right by the mirror drive lever 33, also returns to rotation (left rotation) by the spring 50 following the lever 33, but at this time, the mirror up lever 40 is rotated by the ends 39b and 39d.
And the soldier also turns the aperture regulation lever 41 to the left. As the mirror up lever 40 rotates to the left, the movable mirror 43 enters a mirror down process by the down spring 71.

The aperture interlocking lever 101, which is interlocked with the aperture blades (not shown) inside the lens 100, is also pushed upward as the aperture regulation lever 41 rotates to the left, and the aperture widens toward the maximum opening. While charging the aperture drive spring 102 inside, the mirror drive system 22,3
He has the ability to restore 9.40. At this time, the shutter charge lever 17 also rotates normally (clockwise) on this reference shaft 16c.
Accordingly, the lever 19 is rotated to the left by the cam surface 16b on the reference gear I6, and the lever 19 presses the protrusion 20b of the cam 20 to rotate the cam 20 to the left.
is brought to a charged state as shown in FIG. The lever 19 is engaged with the reset lever 72 and rotates the reset lever 72 to the right about the shaft 73 during its right rotation process. The reset lever 72 is connected to the aperture locking lever 6 at the other end 72a.
3, and in its right-turning process, the lever 63 turns left against the spring 62. By turning the locking lever 63 to the left, the locking lever claw portion 63a that fixes the aperture at the control aperture value is released from the tracheat gear 57, and the lever 63
The armature 61 disposed in the yoke 60 of the combination magnet is pressed and attracted to the yoke 60 of the combination magnet. 48 of the aperture control system. The enlarged gear system 55, 56, 57 of 53°55-63,130 is unlocked by the claw portion 63a,
The return spring 74 of the diaphragm control system causes the lever 48 to rotate back until it comes into contact with the diaphragm regulation lever 41, and the lever 48 waits for the next release at position 1 (aperture open state) in FIG. In this embodiment, the mechanism for resetting the diaphragm control system is shown in a simplified manner, and is explained using only one reset lever 72, but this alone is not completely satisfactory in terms of functionality. In other words, it is actually necessary to provide a mechanism (not shown) between the end portion 72a and the lever 63 so that the lever 63 can be rotated to the right when the lever 72 is rotated to the right. This schematic diagram shows the aperture control pawl 63a being released by the shutter charge lever 17 during the mirror down process, and the locking lever 6 being attached to the combination magnets 58 to 60.
The above mechanism is omitted for understanding only the reset method of adsorbing 3. The reference axis 1 (IC), which was reversed during the mirror-up process, rotates forward (clockwise) as described above and returns to the original reference position (the position shown in Figure 1), thereby lowering the mirror, resetting the shutter charge, and resetting the aperture control system. is completed.

Next, the subsequent film winding will be described.

The motor 1 does not stop at that position (reference position), passes through that position as it is, and enters the film winding process by one rotation (360') of the reference shaft. The reference shaft 16c is a shaft extending from the top to the bottom of the camera body, and its bearing is provided in the camera body. (not shown) and is
A winding gear 80 is disposed coaxially with the four semi-shafts 16c, and the gear 80 is rotatably supported by a winding board of the camera body (not shown). As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, the upper surface of the gear 8o has a small diameter cylindrical portion 80c smaller than the outer diameter of the gear 80, and a recess 80a into which the claw portion 82a of the winding limit lever 82 falls on the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 80c. Four notches 80b into which the anti-reverse claws 83 fall are provided.

The reference position of the camera before release is determined by this winding limit lever 82. Further, a pin 81 is implanted on the lower surface of the gear 80, and is engaged with the pin 31 implanted on the reference shaft disc 32 on the same radius. When the camera is released, the pin 31 rotates in reverse (left rotation), but has no effect on the winding gear 80. One end 82b of the winding limit lever 82 is bent downward and is in a position where it engages with the mirror drive lever 33, and by turning the mirror drive lever 33 to the right (the pre-step for raising the mirror) described above, the winding limit lever 82 is also turned to the right. It will be done. The lever 82 is disengaged from the hoisting gear 80 by this clockwise rotation, and at the final stage of its stroke (the final end of the clockwise rotation of the lever 33), its tip falls into the claw portion 84a of the locking lever 84 and is locked therein.

When the reference shaft 16c shifts to the forward rotation (clockwise rotation) mode, passes through the reference position, and enters the film winding process, the winding limit lever 82 is moved into the winding recess 80a by the claw portion 84a described above.
Since the reference shaft bin 31 is held in a more removed position,
is the winding gear train 8 while rotating the winding gear 8o together.
6.91 to 94 can be rotated. A gear 86 that meshes with the winding gear 80 is a sprocket gear and rotates together with a sprocket shaft 87. A pin 88 implanted in the lower end of the sprocket shaft 87 and the sprocket 8
The rotation of the sprocket shaft 87 is transmitted to the sprocket 89 by engaging with a groove 89 a provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the sprocket shaft 87 . The sprocket shaft 87 can move up and down, and by moving down, the pin 88 and the groove 89a of the sprocket are disengaged, and the sprocket 89 can be made free.

Furthermore, the sprocket shaft 87 is always urged upward by the spring 90, and as long as the sprocket shaft 87 is moving upward, the clutches 88, 89a remain engaged. The rotation of the winding gear 80 is transmitted from a sprocket gear 86 to a spool gear 92 via an idle gear 91. The spool gear 92 has a hole in its center rotatably supported by a substrate of a camera body (not shown), and its narrow diameter portion 9
A holding spring 3 is wound around 2a. One end 3a of the holding spring 3 is fitted into the hole 2a of the spool 2, and its holding torque constitutes a well-known slip mechanism (spool friction mechanism) during film winding. A counter feed gear 94 is engaged with the spool gear 92 via an idle gear 93, and a winding gear 80
The configuration is such that the counter feed gear 94 is rotated once by one rotation. The counter feed gear 94 has a Geneva gear 9 on its upper part that meshes with a counter ratchet gear 95.
6, and one rotation of the Geneva gear 96 rotates the counter gear 95 by one scale, that is, the frame number display plate 98 integrated with the gear 95 is rotated by one frame.

In addition, 97 is a lever that is linked to the opening and closing of the back cover, and when the back cover is closed, the Geneva gear 96 is pressed against the counter ratchet gear 95.
This lever releases the engagement and resets the frame number display plate 98 to the position shown in FIG. 1 when the back cover is opened. A return coil spring is provided inside the counter ratchet gear 95, and when the gear 95 is disengaged from the Geneva gear 96,
The mechanism is such that it independently returns to the above-mentioned first position (starting position). The frame number display board 98 is a counter switch S
It has a cam portion 98a that W3 comes into contact with, and the switch is closed (O
N) to identify that the feed is in progress. During the blank feed, the motor 1 continuously operates (rotates in forward and reverse directions to feed only the film up to the first frame. During this blank feed, the front curtain of the shutter is moved by electromagnets 112 and 113 by a circuit not shown, and the rear curtain of the shutter is moved by the electromagnets 112 and 113. are held in a charged state by electromagnets (not shown) configured similarly to electromagnets 112 and 113, and the front and rear curtains do not run.

Returning to the beginning, the operation of winding up the exposed film will be explained.

The pin 81, which is being rotated (clockwise) by the reference axis pin 31, comes into contact with the tip slope portion 36b of the lever 36 disposed on the mirror drive lever 33 in the middle of its rotation (clockwise rotation).
The lever 36 is rotated to the right to disengage the missed lever 34. Further, the winding gear 80 continues to rotate or the lever 3
The triangle formed by the three points 4, 33, and 36 is collapsed, and only the lever 34 is pushed by the pin 81 and rotated to the right, and the lever 33 is rotated by the spring 70 while remaining in contact with the stopper 98. I don't. Also, pin 81 rotates (clockwise)
The lever 84 also comes into contact with one end 84b of the intermediate locking lever 84 (almost simultaneously with the contact with the end 36b of the lever 36).
Rotate to the left. The hoisting limit lever 82 held by the locking portion 84a of the lever 84 is unlocked by this counterclockwise rotation, is rotated to the left by the movable contact piece of the hoisting limit switch SWI, and comes into contact with the small diameter portion 80C of the hoisting gear 80. . The winding gear 80 completes one rotation and the film has been fed by 38 mm, that is, one frame. At this time, the claw portion 82a of the winding limit lever 82 melts into the recess 80a provided in the small diameter portion 80C of the gear 80, and the gear Stop the rotation of 80. The hoisting limit switch SWI is turned on during the locking stroke of the hoisting limiting lever 82, and the normal rotation of the motor 1 is stopped. In this way, the series of operations from camera release to film winding is completed, and the state shown in FIG. 1 is restored.

In addition, during the winding process, the reference pin 31 and the winding gear pin 8
The missed lever 34, which has been rotated to the right by 1, continues to be brought into contact with the pin 31 by the spring 35 and returns to rotation (rotation to the left) following the pin, and is slightly before the winding completion position (the position shown in the figure). At this point, the lever 36 is engaged with the locking portion 36a of the lever 36, and the three lever points 33, 34, and 36 again form a triangle.

Next, film rewinding will be described. In this embodiment, film rewinding is performed manually.

As a rewinding operation procedure, first, the R button 120 protruding upward from the top cover (not shown) is pressed down. R button 1
There is a sprocket shaft 87 below 20, and the sprocket shaft 87 is also pushed down. The upper end of the sprocket shaft 87 has a small diameter portion 8 that is one step smaller than the large diameter portion 87a of the shaft 87.
7b is provided, and its upper end is canted with three surfaces 87c so as to have an omusubi shape as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3 when viewed from the end surface (from above). This cut part 87
c slightly bites into the large diameter portion 87a of the sprocket shaft 87, and the cut surface shape is convex as shown in FIG. A leaf spring 121 that is always urged toward the center of the sprocket shaft is pressed against the sprocket shaft, and when the shaft 87 is pushed down, the small diameter portion 87b and the large diameter portion 8 at the end of the shaft are pressed against each other.
7a, and between the cut surface 87c and the large-diameter portion 87a, the leaf springs 12 are attached to the stepped portions 87d and 87e, respectively.
The end (lower end) of 1 is caught, and the upward movement of the shaft is stopped at that position. By pushing down the shaft 87 in this way, the connection between the clafts 88 and 898 between the sprocket shaft 87 and the sprocket 89 is released, and the sprocket 89 is released.
9 becomes a free state. Further, in the position where the upward movement is prevented by the leaf spring 121, the clutch 88.8
9a is held in the unbound position. When the motor 1 is rotated from this state by releasing the camera or the like, the sprocket shaft 87 rotates, and the leaf spring 121 is pushed out to the large diameter portion 87a of the sprocket shaft due to the omusubi shape at the end of the sprocket shaft, and the locking is released. be done. When the lock is released, the sprocket shaft 87 is moved upward by the spring 90,
The clutches 88, 89a are engaged. By disengaging the clutch and releasing the restraint on the sprocket 89, rewinding becomes possible. Therefore, when the film is rewound using a rewinding knob (not shown), the spool 2 is reversed (clockwise) by the film, and the spool friction torque by the spring 3 is applied to the gears 80, 86 of the film winding system.
It costs 91.92.

If this spool friction torque is large, the motor 1 will also be reversed (left-handed) via the sprocket shaft 87, the reference shaft 16c, and the reduction system gear examples 5 to 15. When the sprocket shaft rotates, the locking leaf spring 121 is pushed out to the large diameter portion 8Ta of the sprocket shaft, so the R button 120
moves up and resets, making it impossible to rewind 0
In this embodiment, in order to prevent the above-mentioned drawbacks, the winding gear 8
0 is stopped from rotating in the counterclockwise direction by a reverse rotation prevention lever 33.

Conventional reversal prevention mechanisms either directly stop the tooth surface of the winding gear with a reversal prevention pawl, or use a separate ratchet gear to prevent reversal, but these systems have a fixed position with the unlocking point of the sprocket shaft (( , the number of locking divisions must be close to infinity.In this embodiment, the hoisting gear 8o
By using the rotation ratio (3; 4) of the sprocket shaft 87 and the rotation ratio (3; 4), the R button 120 is This prevents resent failure. In other words, the reversal prevention lever 8 is activated slightly before the leaf spring 121 is pushed out from the stepped portion 87e of the sprocket shaft 87 to the large diameter portion 87a.
3 engages with the engaging portion 8ob, the four engaging portions 80
b is provided, and in this way the stepped portion 87e of the sprocket shaft
By providing the locking portion 8ob at a position corresponding to the locking portion 80b, the R button 120 is prevented from being reset when the sprocket shaft 87 is reversely rotated (clockwise) with the minimum locking portion 80b.

Next, the side shadow sequence will be summarized according to the time chart shown in FIG. In the upper part of the figure, the aperture drive curve a, mirror travel curves S, E, shutter travel curves PC, D, etc. are shown.
The opening/closing timing of each switch is shown at the bottom.

First, load the film into the camera, close the back cover (counter switch SW3 is ON at this time), and press the release button (fully pressed). ! ! Magnets (112, 113, etc.) constantly attract and hold each shutter curtain, and electric power is supplied to the motor 1. Therefore, the motor 1 starts to reverse in the same way as the operation described above, the reference shaft 16c reverses by 105 degrees, stops, and
5° + 360° forward rotation (this 360” rotation winds the film), 105° reverse rotation, stop, 10
The frame number display board 98 is driven by a circuit (not shown) to rotate normally by 5° + 360'', and -------.When the frame number display board 98 changes from "S" to "1", the counter Switch SW3 turns OFF and motor 1 stops (1+
time). This period from t0 to t1 is the film empty feeding section A. During this time, the shutter curtain does not move because it is attracted to the electromagnet.

Thereafter, when the release button is pressed halfway (at time tz), a halfway press switch (not shown) turns ONL, the photometry circuit, and the control circuit of the entire camera are turned on. Then, the combination of aperture diameter and shutter speed to obtain the proper exposure is determined from the photometry output and AsA information before the camera is released, and is displayed in the viewfinder.Furthermore, when the release button is pressed (fully pressed), the combination is linked to this. The release switch (not shown) turns on momentarily (at time ts), motor 1 starts reverse rotation (at time ts), and only the aperture is closed by the mechanism (curve a) to obtain the control aperture value. Immediately before (time t), the control circuit energizes the aperture control magnets 58 to 60 to stop the aperture control system. After the motor further reverses and passes through the stroke to the minimum aperture diameter, the mirror up lever 40 and charge lever are unlocked by the lever 22, and immediately after that, the motor is stopped by the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 (
11), therefore, the movable mirror 43 does not travel on curve b)
Rise to a position that does not block the aperture (at time 11)
, t, to t is a motor reversal section B for driving the aperture. In this section, the reference axis 16c is reversed by 105 degrees. And t, to t is the mirror-up section C. The aperture traveling curve a in FIG. 5 represents the change in the aperture diameter, and the aperture becomes smaller as it gradually descends. Further, the traveling curves of the mirror (i) and (e) indicate the amount of movement of the point at the tip of the mirror with respect to time. In this embodiment, the amount of light transmitted through the aperture that has been narrowed down to the control aperture value is measured again, and the measured value is stored by the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 (at time t). The shutter speed is then re-determined, including correction of the exposure amount due to aperture control errors. At this time t, ~t
One point in time is the re-photometry time. The period from t6 to t1 is the re-photometry time at the minimum aperture. Further, in this embodiment, the signal from the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is used as a trigger signal to cut off the power supply to the front curtain control electromagnets 112 and 113 after a predetermined time T and cause the front curtain to run (time t). Curve C is 24
This is a travel curve of the leading curtain when traveling through a mm aperture. There are two things that hold the first and second curtains in place! magnet 11
2.113, etc.), energization is started (at time ts) by a signal from a switch (not shown) at the release, and both curtains are held until the shutter travels. When the exposure control circuit (not shown) turns off the power supply to the trailing curtain control electromagnet (not shown) after a control shutter time S (time point j++), a desired slit width between the shutter curtains can be obtained. song i
d shows the running curve of the trailing curtain. At the end of trailing curtain travel (t
+z time point), the trailing curtain switch (not shown) turns ONL, and this signal causes the motor 1 to rotate forward, entering the mirror down step e. Shutter charging is also performed during this process.

tl! The period from t's to t's is the period of normal rotation of the motor which lowers the mirror and charges the shutter. During this normal rotation section, the reference shaft 16c rotates 105 degrees in the normal direction.

The motor continues to rotate in the normal direction even after the mirror down is completed (after time t's has elapsed), and enters the film winding step E. Here, the reference shaft 16c is rotated once (360" rotations) and a film of 313 mm (-sternum) is wound onto the lath spool 2. When winding of the film-sternum is completed, the winding gear 80 is stopped by the winding limit lever 82. Limit switch S
WI is also turned on and motor 1 stops (at time t14).

This series of sequences completes the exposure and winding of the film frame, and the drive sequence in the normal program exposure control mode is 0 or more.

Next, we will explain the drive and sequence when using a dedicated strobe.The program exposure control in this example uses a light amount feedback method (while driving the lens aperture, the amount of light passing through the aperture diameter is constantly measured). The photometric value is constantly fed back to the aperture control circuit to control the aperture diameter to a desired value. However, with this program method, there is a risk that control may be difficult when the subject is dark. Therefore, it is not suitable for aperture control during flash photography. The aperture diameter when shooting with a flash depends on the film's ASA sensitivity, the shadow distance of the subject,
Since the strobe is determined based on the strobe's guide number, if the strobe is a TTLffl optical strobe (the amount of flash light is controlled by an in-body photometric element), by setting the maximum reach distance, only the film sensitivity will be determined based on the lens diameter. It becomes a parameter for the decision. Therefore, in this embodiment, when a dedicated strobe is attached, the aperture diameter is set and controlled according to the film sensitivity. In this example, when a dedicated strobe with a guide number of 25 is attached, the aperture diameter is set to F5.6 at a film sensitivity of ASA 100, assuming that the regular strobe shooting distance is 0.8 m to 4.5 m. , is in control. If the film sensitivity increases by one step (ASA2
00) Reduce the aperture diameter by one stop (F8), and if the film sensitivity decreases by one stop (ASA50), reduce the aperture diameter by one stop < (F4)
The aperture diameter is set as follows. Therefore, if the film sensitivity is ASA 25 or higher, it is possible to always maintain the dimming range up to 4.5 m. The aperture control method at this time does not use a light amount feedback method, but uses a time control method.The 9-hour control method uses a time control method, in which a timetable of driving time from the open aperture value to the control aperture value is prepared in advance. This means that the diameter of the aperture is controlled by the time.

If you try to calculate the aperture drive time from the camera release to obtain the desired aperture diameter based on a timetable,
Cameras in which the aperture is controlled by motor drive have the following drawbacks. In other words, a change in the drive voltage between one terminal of the motor (6V to 4.5V) changes the motor startup characteristics, motor driving force, and rotation speed, which changes the timetable from release to control aperture value. .

Therefore, in this embodiment, a predetermined passing point (time t4 in Fig. 5) is set near the aperture opening, and a driving timetable (W in Fig. 5) from this point to the control aperture diameter is used to solve the above problem. has been resolved. In this embodiment, the point is set at a position approximately 1/2 stop from the open aperture position, and a slide switch (131 to 134 to be described later) that turns off at the point is provided. When controlling the time from the aperture passing point to the control aperture value, the slope of the aperture running curve must not change due to the drive voltage between one terminal of the motor. This requires consideration of the mechanical aperture drive mechanism, which will be discussed later. In this embodiment, the above timetable is divided into groups according to the open F value of the interchangeable lens. Interchangeable lenses are available in various combinations of focal lengths and aperture f-numbers, but the drive time per stop of aperture diameter during aperture drive is roughly classified only by the aperture f-number. Therefore, by controlling using an average drive timetable for each grouped aperture F-number, there is no need to prepare a separate timetable for the combination of focal length and aperture F-number including the intermediate aperture FN.

Now, returning to FIG. 1, the mechanical mechanism for controlling the time of the aperture will be explained. The method of driving the aperture, the method of locking the controlled aperture value, the other shutter control methods, the film winding method, etc. in the program exposure control mode described above are the same in the case of strobe control. Aperture regulation lever 4
The movement of the aperture is transmitted to the expansion locking mechanism through the drive shaft 53 by the lever 4B interlocked with the lever 4B, and a contact piece 131 is disposed on the lever 130 fixed to one end of the drive shaft 53. The contact piece 131 is connected to a printed circuit board 134 disposed on the surface facing the contact piece 131 in conjunction with the lever 130.
It is designed to slide on the top. Patterns 132 and 133 are provided on the printed circuit board 134, and at the open aperture position, there is a short circuit between both patterns through the contact piece 131, and when the aperture starts operating, the aperture is stopped to about 1/2 stop from the open aperture. The patterns 132 and 133 are configured to be interrupted at the point where the pattern is located. The time control circuit 135 temporally controls the aperture according to the timetable from this point. The time control circuit 135 determines that flash photography will be performed when the flash is powered on, the flash is fully charged, and the flash synchronization time is automatically set, and replaces the aperture control circuit in the program exposure control mode described above. , the aperture can be controlled. And contact piece 131 and pattern 1
32 and 133, time calculation begins. Then, just before the desired aperture value is obtained, the calculation is finished and the aperture control magnet 58
60 is energized and the ratchet wheel 57 is activated by the pawl 63a.
to stop the narrowing operation of the diaphragm. The time control circuit 135 determines what kind of curve (aperture running curve) the aperture of the interchangeable lens is narrowed down with respect to the aperture time based on the aperture value (open F number) of the lens attached to the camera. , the control aperture value is determined based on the film sensitivity signal. Based on these inputs, the circuit 135 determines when the aperture is narrowed down by 1/2 step (at time t4 in FIG. 5). ) until the control aperture value is reached, more specifically, the zero time control circuit 135 calculates the time from just before reaching the control aperture value. It is also possible to time-control the diaphragm by extracting a signal from the operation of the diaphragm and starting time measurement from the time when the aperture starts to stop down from the open aperture.

In this embodiment, in order to prevent the slope of the aperture traveling curve from changing due to the drive voltage (power supply voltage) between one terminal of the motor, a method is adopted in which the aperture is not driven directly by the motor, but is driven via an aperture drive spring 46. are doing. In other words, the motor driving force is directly connected to the aperture drive system 4 by gear connection, etc.
1, the motor is directly affected by changes in the motor drive voltage, and the drive time required to obtain a predetermined aperture value changes. By transmitting the driving force to the aperture drive system 41, it becomes possible to absorb the change in the driving force due to the voltage change by the spring. This is because the driving force of the motor 1 is stored in the spring 46, and the stored energy is used to drive the aperture, reducing the amount of change in the driving time of the aperture until a predetermined aperture value is obtained. becomes possible.

Further, in this embodiment, the timetable is changed depending on the aperture F value of the lens as described above. Therefore, the time control circuit 135 selects a timetable according to the open F value of the interchangeable lens attached to the camera, and changes the aperture drive time according to this timetable. To give a concrete example, if the open F value of the lens is Fl, 2°Fl, 4, then the time table of the lens Fl, 4 is followed, and Fl, 8. F2. If it is O, follow the lens timetable of F2°O, and also F2°5, F
2.8, it follows the timetable of the F2.8 lens, and F3. 5. F4. If it is O.F'4.5, the drive time of the aperture is changed according to the timetable of the F4.0 lens.

In this embodiment, the aperture control is switched to the time control method only during flash photography, but the time control method can also be applied to the aperture control in the program exposure control mode described above.

Further, in the embodiment, only the shutter system for the front curtain is shown, but the shutter system for the rear curtain is also exactly the same as the shutter system for the front curtain except for the time when the electromagnet is energized.

Further, in the embodiment, the cam surface of the cam 16 is devised to slow down the retracting movement speed of the arm 110, but the same effect may be achieved by devising the cam surface 20a of the cam 20.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, (1) When using an automatic flash device, the aperture value is automatically adjusted according to the film sensitivity used, so the aperture value can be manually set. The complexity of doing so is completely removed.

2. In a camera with a built-in motor, when the aperture is time-controlled to the set aperture by motor drive, by adopting this mechanism, the running characteristics of the aperture can be controlled by changes in driving force and rotation speed due to changes in the drive voltage between the motor terminals. Because it is not affected by
It is necessary to provide a timetable for each voltage.
<One timetable is enough.

3. There are two types of aperture control when the subject is dark: position control that detects the position of the aperture diameter, and time 1111 in this embodiment.

When optically detecting the position as the position control method,
In some cases, an encoder is installed in the diaphragm actuator and the number of pulses is used to control the resistance pattern.
Alternatively, a method is adopted in which the electrode is slid on a large number of patterns and controlled by the resistance value and the number of pulses. However, as mentioned above, position detection often requires expensive parts.In contrast, in the case of time control, control can be performed only by obtaining a starting point signal, so fewer parts can be used and less expensive parts can be used. There are advantages.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the drive system, Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the shutter system (front curtain), Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the hoisting gear and sprocket gear seen from above, and Figure 4 is the subrocket shaft. The perspective view and FIG. 5 are time charts.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim] An aperture control device for a camera, characterized in that the aperture control device for a camera is characterized in that a control aperture value is obtained from a point in an aperture stroke as a starting point and based on time measured from the starting point.