JPH0752272B2 - Built-in motor camera - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a motor drive device in which a motor is built in a camera and the motor is used as a drive source for all drive systems.

(Background of the Invention) In a camera with a built-in motor, the size and weight of the camera are reduced.
Also, in order to reduce costs, it is desirable to use one motor as the drive source for all drive systems. When only one motor is used for all the drive sources, a system is commonly used in which the film winding unit and the shutter charge unit are interlocked by an interlocking mechanism to drive them in the same process. Further, in a camera that has a mirror-up lever locking member, and the operation of releasing the member is the first operation of the camera release, the up-spring, which is the mirror-up driving source, must also be charged in the above process. . In the case of such a drive system, three driving forces are concentrated in one process, so that the load applied to the motor becomes large at one time and a motor having a large power must be used. In order to produce a large amount of power, the size of the motor must be increased, and the current consumption must be increased.

This is not suitable for small size, light weight, and power saving design, and how to disperse the driving force and reduce the load on the motor has been a subject of study until now. Driving the mirror system with one motor,
When winding the film, one or more clutch mechanisms are required. Some Japanese Patent Publications Sho 60-26203 have a one-way clutch on each shaft of the motor to switch the drive between the mirror system and the film winding system.In this case, a speed reduction system is required for both drive systems. However, not only the mechanism becomes complicated, but also the number of parts increases, which is not a good idea in terms of cost.

In this way, the drive system in one motor is simple,
A switching clutch mechanism for a reliable film winding system and a mirror drive system is required.

(Object of the Invention) From the above viewpoints, it is an object of the present invention to provide a small-sized, lightweight, low-cost camera by effectively utilizing the output of a motor.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A camera with a built-in motor according to the present invention comprises an aperture adjusting mechanism (41, 47, 48, 101) for adjusting the opening and closing of an aperture in a photographing lens, and a shutter for running a shutter curtain for adjusting the exposure time of a film. Mechanism (20,110 to 113,150), a mirror moving mechanism (33,39,40,42,44,45 etc.) for vertically moving the mirror (43) arranged between the taking lens and the shutter curtain,
A film winding mechanism that winds the film (86-94),
It is connected to one motor (1) that can be rotated in the normal and reverse directions, and has a reference shaft (16c) that can be rotated in the normal and reverse directions, and a mirror drive lever (33), a swing lever (34) and a locking lever (36). The reference shaft (16c) is configured to move as a unit, and the reference shaft (16c) contacts the idle lever (34) by rotating the reference shaft (16c) in a reverse direction by a predetermined angle from the reference position based on the release signal. By moving the drive lever, the diaphragm is closed in the closing direction and the mirror (43) is moved upward, and when the traveling of the shutter curtain is completed, the reference shaft (16c) rotates in the positive direction by a predetermined angle and returns to the reference position. ,
The swing mechanism (33, 34, 36) that opens the diaphragm and moves the mirror (43) downward, and the reference shaft (16c) rotates in the positive direction by a predetermined angle when the shutter curtain finishes traveling to the reference position. By returning, the charging member (17, 19) for charging the shutter mechanism and the film winding mechanism come into contact with each other, and the reference shaft (16c) makes one full rotation in the positive direction from the reference position to wind the film. Hoisting material (80,81)
When the reference shaft (16c) makes one full rotation in the positive direction from the reference position, the swing mechanism releases the lock between the idle lever (34) and the lock lever (36). (34)
It is characterized in that only the moving lever is moved and the drive lever is not moved, and the stop of the diaphragm and the upward movement of the mirror (43) are prevented.

(Examples) Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an internal mechanism of an electric drive camera to which the present invention is applied, showing a state of a reference position where film winding is completed and awaiting the next release. Reference numeral 1 is a single motor which is a driving source for all the camera's charges such as film winding, diaphragm drive, shutter charge, mirror drive, etc. It is fixed to the substrate of the camera body (not shown) and stored in the film take-up spool 2. There is. The film take-up spool 2 is rotatably supported by the above-mentioned substrate (not shown), and has a wrapping spring 3 (spool flexion spring) at the upper end.
Has a hole 2a that engages with the foot portion 3a. The spool 2 is driven by the foot portion 3a as described later and can rotate around the motor 1 fixed to the substrate. The gear 5 is rotatably fitted to the rotary shaft 1a that outputs the rotation of the motor 1, and normally the rotational torque of the motor 1 remains unchanged by a slip mechanism composed of a compression coil spring 6 and tension washers 7a and 7b. Transmitted. The gears 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 are gear trains that reduce the speed from the motor shaft gear 5 to the reference shaft gear 16.

Next, an outline of the operation of this device will be described. In this embodiment, as will be described later, when the release button is pressed one step (half-press), electric power is supplied to the photometric circuit, and when the release button is pressed one more step (full press), the motor rotates to perform the aperture operation and the mirror up. A series of sequence operations such as operation and traveling of a shutter curtain are sequentially performed. In this specification, the release of the camera means to start a series of sequence operations of the camera. First, when the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in the reverse direction (axis 1a rotates to the right) and the reference shaft 16c rotates in the reverse direction (counterclockwise). The reverse rotation angle of the reference shaft 16c is about 105 °, and the reference shaft 16c operates the lever 41 in accordance with the reverse rotation of the reference shaft 16c to drive (stop) the diaphragm of the lens. At this time, the reference shaft 16c also performs charge of the drive spring 42 of the movable mirror 43 at the same time.
At the final end of the reverse rotation, the movable mirror 43 is unlocked and the movable mirror 43 travels (mirror up). The motor 1 stops when it reverses a predetermined angle, and then the electromagnets 112, 113 for controlling the shutter front curtain and the electromagnets (not shown) for controlling the shutter rear curtain sequentially operate (demagnetize), and when the shutter front curtain and the rear curtain travel sequentially, In response to the trailing curtain travel completion signal, the motor 1 starts to rotate normally (counterclockwise), the reference shaft 16c also rotates normally, and returns to the reference position (the position shown in FIG. 1). In this process, the movable mirror drive systems 22, 39, 40 and the diaphragm drive system 41 are returned to the fixed positions (the positions shown in FIG. 1). During the mirror down process, the reset of the shutter system magnets 20, 112 to 113 and the aperture control magnet is also performed. Even if the reference axis 16c passes through the reference position, it still rotates forward (clockwise), and
The film is wound by rotating 0 °. In this embodiment, by fully utilizing the forward / reverse rotation of one motor in this way, all the driving sources of the driving system of the camera such as the diaphragm driving mirror up, the shutter charge, and the film winding are used.

The details of the operation by the reference shaft 16c will be described below in the order of operation.

First, the shutter type charge will be described. When the release button (not shown) is pressed (fully pressed) and the camera is released, the motor 1 rotates in the reverse direction (clockwise),
Is transmitted to the reference gear 16 via the reduction gear systems 8-15. A cam portion 16a is provided on the reference gear 16. The cam portion 16a is for charging the shutter, and the cam surface 16b is in contact with the roller 18 planted on the shutter charge lever 17. At the reference position (before release) as shown in the figure, the shutter charge lever 17 is in contact with the highest surface of the cam surface 16b (the portion with a large lift amount) by the spring 21, and the mirror drive system 2
The charge cam 20 in the shutter unit is charged via the charge levers 2, 39 and 40, that is, the cam 20
Presses one end 110a of the arm 110, and the iron piece 111 of the arm 110
Is kept pressed against the coil 112 and the yoke 113. The cam 20 is always biased by a spring (not shown) so as to rotate rightward. Therefore, when the reference shaft 16c rotates counterclockwise with the release of the camera, the shutter charge lever 17 causes the spring 21 to move the cam shaft 16b to the right about the rotary shaft 17a (not shown). The charge lever 19 is rotated, and the charge lever 19 follows this, and retreats beyond the operating angle in the shutter unit. At this time, the iron piece 111 is attracted to the energized electromagnets 112 and 113. As will be described later, when the switch SW2 is turned on by the reverse rotation of the motor 1 and the power supply to the coil 112 is cut off after a predetermined time, the adsorption of the arm 110 is released and the arm 110 is rotated right by the spring 150, and the shutter front curtain. Then, (after the exposure time), the electric power to the electromagnet for the shutter rear curtain is cut off, and the shutter rear curtain travels. In this way, when the film exposure process is completed and the trailing curtain running completion signal is generated, the motor 1 is rotated in the normal direction and the reference shaft 16
c also rotates normally (turns right) and enters the mirror down process. During this process, the shutter charge lever 17 is forcibly rotated counterclockwise by the cam surface 16b, and the cam 20 is rotated counterclockwise via the mirror drive system charge lever 19.
Then, the end portion 20a of the cam 20 pushes the end portion 110a of the arm 110 to rotate the arm 110 counterclockwise, and the iron piece 111 provided on the arm 110 is pushed against the electromagnets 112 and 113. Then, the iron piece 111 enters a state in which it can be attracted to the electromagnet. In this way, the drive parts 110 to 113 of the shutter front curtain are reset to the charge state. The resetting of the drive unit to the charge state for the rear curtain of the shutter is similarly performed. As described above, the shutter charge is performed.

Next, the mirror and diaphragm drive system will be described. Reference axis 16c
A disk 32 is fixed to the other end of the disk by a screw 32a, and a pin 31 is planted on the disk.

The mirror drive lever 33 and the idle lever 34 are coaxially and rotatably supported independently on the substrate of a camera body (not shown), respectively, in the directions away from each other, that is, the lever 33 is clockwise and the lever 34 is counterclockwise. It is biased clockwise by a spring 35. A locking lever 36 is rotatably supported on the mirror driving lever 33 about a shaft 37, and is biased in a counterclockwise direction by a spring 38. Locking lever 36
A concave portion (locking portion) 36a is provided at the tip of the lever, and is engaged with the tip bending portion 34a of the idle lever 34 to form a triangle by these three levers 33, 34, 36.

The tip of the mirror driving lever 33 is engaged with the tip of the mirror driving vertical lever 39 on the mirror box side, and the mirror driving system is driven by rotating the lever 39 right by the lever 33. When the camera is released (by pressing the release button or the like) as described above, the reference shaft 16c starts rotating counterclockwise and the pin 31 also rotates in the same direction. The pin 31 is engaged with the cam surface 34b of the idling lever 34, and rotates the idling lever 34 clockwise with the rotation of the reference shaft 16c. Swing lever 34
As described above, via the lever 36, the mirror drive lever 33
It has a fixed relationship with, and is turned right while keeping the triangle formed by these three points.

In this way, the rotational movement of the pin 31 is converted into a swinging movement by the three levers, and the stroke thereof is also enlarged, so that the drive lever 39 provided on the side wall of the mirror box is rotated to the right.

Receives the driving force of the motor 1 and drives the diaphragm of the lens,
A mirror drive vertical lever 39 having a function of charging the driving force for the mirror up and releasing the locking of the movable mirror 43, and a mirror up lever for raising the movable mirror 43.
40, an aperture control lever 41 that drives the aperture of the lens,
A charge lever 19 for performing the shutter charge is coaxially and rotatably supported independently on a substrate (side wall of the mirror box) (not shown) forming a mirror box.

One end 40a of mirror mirror 40 and mirror drive vertical lever 3
A tension coil spring 42 is hung between the ends 39a of the 9 to constantly urge the mirror upper lever 40 in a direction to rotate it to the right. However, the other end 40b of the mirror upper bar 40 and the other end 39b of the mirror driving vertical lever are in contact with each other, and serve as an internal force spring for the two levers 39 and 40. Reference numeral 43 denotes a movable mirror, which is disposed in front of the film surface and inclined by 45 ° with respect to the photographing optical path before the camera is released. The movable mirror 43 is driven to a predetermined aperture value as described later, and then the pin 45 fixed on the holding frame 44 of the movable mirror 43 is pushed up to the tip of the mirror-up lever 40, so that the photographing optical path. Retreat higher. At the position of the mirror-up lever 40 before the release of the camera,
The lever 39 is held at the drive initial position by one end 39b of the lever 39, and a predetermined space is maintained between the lever 40 and the pin 45. Also, in this initial position, the upper bar 40
The bent portion 40c of the mirror engages with the claw portion 22a of the locking lever 22, and even if the mirror driving vertical lever 39 is rotated (clockwise), the mirror upper lever 40 is held at this position until the final stage of rotation. . A diaphragm driving spring 46 is hooked on one end 41a of the diaphragm restricting lever 41 and one end 39c of the mirror driving vertical lever 39, and this spring 46 urges the diaphragm restricting lever 41 in a clockwise direction. However, the other end 39d of the mirror drive vertical lever 39
Since the other end 41b of the aperture control lever 41 is engaged, the spring 46 is an internal force spring between the two levers 39 and 40, and the aperture control is performed at the initial position of the camera before release. The lever 41 is held in the aperture open position by the lever 39. The front end 41c of the aperture regulating lever 41 is engaged with an aperture interlocking lever 101 interlocking with an aperture mechanism (not shown) in the interchangeable lens 100 mounted on the camera, and the lever 101 is reversely attached to the lens side aperture spring 102. Then, the aperture blades are held in the open position by pushing up. In this embodiment, the diaphragm interlocking lever 101 that interlocks with the diaphragm blades in the lens 100 is urged downward by the spring 102, and by moving downward, the diaphragm is narrowed down. Also, the aperture control lever
A pin 47 is planted on 41, and a lever 48 engaging with the pin 47 expands the movement of the aperture regulating lever 41, and
It is connected to locking mechanisms 55 to 57, 63, 130 that lock the diaphragm when it reaches a predetermined diaphragm diameter. Reference numeral 19 denotes a charge lever, which is rotated right by the charge lever 17 described above, and the charge cam 20 in the shutter unit is moved to the cam.
It is held in the illustrated position against the biasing force of 20.

Although the mechanism for charging the shutter has been described above, the mechanism for driving the shutter will be described here in more detail. In Fig. 1, the drive unit of the shutter front curtain
Only 110 to 113 are shown, but the drive unit of the shutter rear curtain is also the same, and therefore is not shown as described above. The shutter of the present embodiment uses two electromagnets, a front curtain electromagnet 112, 113 and a rear curtain electromagnet (not shown), and the arm 110 for supporting the front curtain and the rear curtain are arranged in a shutter charger state. Iron pieces arranged on each supporting arm (not shown) are attracted to each electromagnet. After the mirror is up, the electromagnets for the front curtain and the rear curtain are degaussed in sequence according to the desired time, so that the shutter front curtain and the shutter rear curtain sequentially travel through the aperture, and the exposure is performed with a desired slit width. . In FIG. 1 showing the charge state, the charge cam 20 is always biased in the clockwise direction by the spring (not shown) as described above. The cam surface 20a of the cam 20 rotates the blade arm 110 to the position before traveling due to the difference in the amount of cam lift. The leading blade arm 110 has a leading blade group composed of a plurality of blades at a tip (not shown) of one end 110b, and a four-node link is formed between the leading blade arm 110 and the leading blade group to transmit the light transmitted through the lens 100. Open and close the aperture of the receiving camera body. In this embodiment, the leading blade arm 110 is the spring 1
It is always biased clockwise by 50, and the traveling direction of the shutter blades is from top to bottom. An iron piece 111 is arranged at the other end of the arm, and is pressed by the cam surface 20a of the charge cam 20 against the tip end surface of the suction-type iron core 113 that has a suction force when the coil 112 is energized. The front and rear curtain arms (not shown) have no locking members, so
When the charge lever 17 is retracted when the coil 112 or the like is not energized, the cam is driven by a spring (not shown).
It follows the rotation of 20 and runs together. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the arms for the front curtain and the rear curtain are always held by the other charge lever 19 in the charge state. That is, one end 19a of the charge lever 19 provided on the mirror box engages the charge cam 20 to charge the shutter, and one end 19b thereof engages the claw portion 22b of the locking lever 22 as shown in FIG. Holds the shutter condition. The shutter charge lever at the reference position
19 is held in a rotated position by the reference shaft cam surface 16b. At this reference position, the claw portion 22 of the locking lever 22 is held.
A small gap is provided in the vertical direction between b and the engaging portion 19b of the charge lever 19. This will be described in detail below. FIG. 2 is an enlarged detailed view of the shutter system 20, 110 to 113 in the state of FIG. 1, that is, in the state where the shaft 16c is at the reference position. In the figure, the iron piece 111 is provided so as to be slidable in the axial direction on a shaft 110c provided at one end of the arm 110 of the shutter. The iron piece 111 is biased by a spring (not shown) so as to come into contact with the large diameter portion 110d at the tip of the shaft 110c. And as shown in Fig. 1, the arm 11 of the shutter
When 0 is turned left by the cam 20, the large diameter part 110d and the iron piece 1
Between 11 and, that is, a slight gap (s) in the pressing direction
It is configured to move. Like this
When the iron piece 111 whose roller 110a is pressed by the cam surface 20a of 20 is pressed against the yoke 113, only the arm 110 is slightly overcharged. Charge lever 11 on the side wall of the mirror box described above
The amount of the gap between 9 and the claw portion 20b of the locking lever 20 is set to be equal to or slightly larger than the amount (s) of the gap between the large diameter portion 110d and the iron piece 111. The above-mentioned locking lever 22 locks the mirror lever 40 and the charge lever 19 to the final driving stage of the mirror driving vertical lever 39 (the final stage of clockwise rotation) and rotates on the substrate (side wall) forming a mirror box (not shown). It is pivotally supported. The movable contact piece of the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is in contact with the bent portion 22c provided at one end of the lever, and the movable contact piece always urges the lever 22 in the clockwise direction. The reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is a switch that stops the motor 1 that is rotating in reverse for driving the mirror drive system. The mirror driving vertical lever 39 is urged by the spring 50 in the counterclockwise direction, but comes into contact with a pin 51 implanted in a substrate (not shown) to determine its position.

Therefore, the operation of the mirror and diaphragm drive system (up to the mirror up) is as follows. When the camera is released, the motor 1 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the mirror drive joint lever 39 is rotated clockwise by the mirror drive lever 33 that rotates clockwise by the counterclockwise rotation of the pin 31. With the rotation, the mirror up spring 42 and the aperture drive spring 46 are charged, and the mirror up lever 40 and the aperture regulating lever 41 also start to rotate in the clockwise direction following the change. However, the lever 40 immediately stops due to the engagement with the claw portion 22a. Since the rotation angle of the lever 40 at this time is smaller than the interval between 45 and 40, the movable mirror 43 is not rotated.
With the clockwise rotation of the aperture regulating lever 41, the lens-side aperture interlocking lever 101 engaged with the lever tip 41c is also lowered, and the aperture in the lens 100 is also reduced. The lever 48 that engages with the pin 47 that is planted on the aperture restriction lever 41 is a lever.
Left-handed with the movement of 41. The lever 48 has, on the opposite side of the mirror box via the drive shaft 53, enlarged gear trains 55, 56, 57 for increasing the rotation amount of the aperture regulating lever. The final gear 57 of the enlarged gear train is composed of a ratchet gear, and the engaging operation is stopped by engaging the latching claw 63a arranged to stop at an arbitrary aperture opening diameter with the ratchet gear 57.

Here, we will briefly touch on the operation of obtaining the desired aperture value. The light passing through the lens 100 is measured at any time by a light receiving device (not shown) via the movable mirror 43, and the combination of the shutter speed and the diaphragm value for obtaining an appropriate exposure based on the film sensitivity and the photometric value is obtained by a circuit (not shown). To be selected. And when the aperture is narrowed down to the selected proper aperture value,
A diaphragm control circuit (not shown) detects this, and this diaphragm control circuit energizes the coil 58. Then, until then, the permanent magnet 59
Since the combination magnets 58 to 60 temporarily reduce the force of the armature unit 61 that has been attracted to the yoke 60 by the yoke 60, the armature unit 61 loses the force temporarily, so that it loses the urging force of the spring 62 and, together with the diaphragm locking claw 63 attached thereto, the shaft. Turn right around part 64. Since the claw portion 63a of the locking claw locks the ratchet gear 57, the expansion gears 55 to 57 and the aperture restricting lever 41 stop, and the aperture stops at the desired aperture opening diameter.

In this way, the desired aperture diameter is obtained. Regardless of the stop of the aperture control lever 41, the mirror drive vertical lever 39 rotates more than the stroke at which the lens side aperture interlocking lever 101 reaches the minimum aperture diameter, and then contacts the convex portion 22c of the locking lever 22 to engage the locking lever 22. Will turn left. Lens 100 here
When the diaphragm is stopped on the open side of the minimum diaphragm, the diaphragm restricting lever 41 is fixed at that position, and thereafter the diaphragm drive spring 46 and the mirror drive spring 42 are both charged. Become. As described above, the locking lever 22 rotated counterclockwise by the lever 39 releases both the mirror lever 40 and the charge lever 19 which are locked by the claw portions 22a and 22b. Immediately after that, the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 is turned on to stop the motor 1. The mirror up spring 40 is a mirror up spring accumulated in the previous process.
Turned right by 42. Therefore, the mirror up lever 40 pushes up the pin 45 at its tip to raise the movable mirror 43 and retract the movable mirror 43 to the upper part outside the photographing optical path.At this time, the charge lever 19 is rotated counterclockwise from the illustrated state and the cam 20 is moved.
Along with this, turn to the right until the stopper (not shown) can stop the rotation. In this state, the motor 1 is stopped, and the pin 33 keeps the lever 33 rotated to the right, so that the narrowed-down state and the mirror-up state are maintained. The motor 1 stops near the top dead center where the pin 31 drives the lever 33.

The reverse rotation stop switch SW2 has the following two functions in addition to the function of stopping the driving (reverse rotation operation) of the motor 1.
One is that the switch SW2 is used as a trigger switch. That is, a timer circuit (not shown) is driven (triggered) by turning on the switch SW2, and the front curtain is made to travel after a predetermined time set by the timer circuit. This predetermined time is a value that allows some margin for the rising time of the mirror 43. The other one is that it is used as a memory switch at the time of re-photometry. That is, when the release button is half-pressed before release, the camera power and photometry circuit switches are turned on, and the photometric output at that time (lens 10
A combination of the diaphragm diameter and the shutter speed is set according to (the light transmitted through 0). Coil 58 after camera release
Is energized to control the desired aperture diameter.
Further, the transmitted light from the diaphragm is measured again, and the measured value is stored, and based on this, the control error of the diaphragm diameter is corrected at the shutter speed to properly control the film exposure amount. The switch SW2 also serves as a memory switch for storing the photometric value after the aperture control. After the aperture is controlled to the desired aperture diameter, the time until the photometric output for the passing light is stored in memory is called the re-photometry time. Must be set to be larger than the sum of the bounce convergence time of the diaphragm and the time to accurately store the signal regarding the subsequent re-photometry in the capacitor. Conventionally, two mechanical delay mechanisms (flyhole, etc.) were required to obtain this re-photometry time. One is to drive the aperture at an appropriate speed that can be controlled, and is often used together with an enlargement mechanism that enlarges the aperture. The other is a delay mechanism that gains time until the mirror starts to rise. The difference between the two delay mechanisms, that is, the time difference from the completion of the aperture stop to the start of the mirror up is the re-photometry time. In the present embodiment, as described above, after the motor 1 completes the narrowing down, the motor 1 itself updates the mirror, so that it is not necessary to provide a special delay mechanism. This is one of the features of this embodiment.
That is, while the motor 1 is charging the mirror up spring 42, the diaphragm is driven, and at the final drive end (the lens 39 is driven to the position where the diaphragm is completed and the minimum diaphragm is obtained), the motor 1 itself moves the movable mirror 43. Since the stop is released, while using the motor itself as a delay system,
It is also used as a drive source for the entire system. This does not require extra energy to move the delay mechanism such as the flywheel, which helps to improve the efficiency of driving energy, and simplifies the mechanism because one delay member such as the flywheel is not required. Tied down.

Next, driving of the shutter systems 20, 110 to 113 will be described. As described above, when the release button (not shown) is pressed down (fully pressed) and the camera is released, the motor 1 reverses and the mirror is driven (mirror up).
As described above, the shutter charge lever 17 is also rotated rightward along the cam surface 16b. The mechanism and characteristics of the shutter used in this embodiment have also been described above, and will not be repeated here. Here, the retracting of the shutter charger lever 17 and the energization relationship between the shutter front curtain locking electromagnets 112 and 113 and the shutter rear curtain locking electromagnets (not shown) will be described. When the shutter shutter front curtain and rear curtain locking electromagnets are first energized in response to a release signal from the camera release, the iron pieces 111 etc. are electromagnetically locked and the mechanical lock by the charge cam 20 is released. However, the front and rear shutter curtains will not run. Therefore, even if the charge cam 20 is gradually retracted from the arm 110 or the like via the levers 17 and 19 after the motor 1 is operated, the shutter front and rear curtains do not run. Here, the method of retracting the charge cam 20 becomes a problem. As mentioned earlier in the explanation of the charge lever 19 of the shutter, the arm 110
Between the iron piece 111 and the large-diameter portion 110d of the arm 110, a slight gap (S) is formed in the pressing direction against the electromagnets 112 and 113.
Is provided. This is provided to absorb some overcharge when the iron piece 111 is pressed against the iron core 113 of the electromagnet by the charge cam 20, but this gap (S) becomes a problem when the charge cam is retracted. That is, when the charge cam 20 is suddenly retracted, the gap (S) is vigorously pulled to the right in FIG. 2 by the action of the arm 110 spring 150, and the iron piece 1 attracted to the electromagnets 112, 113.
It gives a shock to 11. The electromagnet 11
The suction power of 2,113 is weak, and there is a risk that it will often cause suction failure and cause the shutter curtain to run. In order to eliminate such an accident, it is better to increase the attraction force of the electromagnet, but to do so, the size of the electromagnet must be increased and the current consumption of the electromagnet must be increased. Not suitable for. As another method, the impact (speed) when the large-diameter portion 110d of the arm 110 contacts the iron piece 111
Can be reduced. However, in a mechanism using a shutter of this type, a locking claw is often used to hold the arm in a charged state, and the locking claw must be released abruptly due to the mechanical limitation of the locking claw. I don't get. Although there is a method of releasing the lock while gradually retracting the charge member by providing an inclination from the locking position of the locking claw to the release point of the tip of the locking claw, it is usually locked. Since the release speed of the nails is fast, the effect is not so great in many cases, which is not a good solution. Therefore, in this embodiment, the cam 16a is used for the shutter charge (iron piece 1
11 is pressed against the electromagnets 112 and 113), and the charge cam 20 is held via the levers 17 and 19 at the point where the cam lift amount becomes the maximum (state shown in FIG. 1), and when the cam 16a is retracted (right turn). The cam surface 16b is formed so that the roller 18 moves down the cam surface 16b and descends. Therefore, the speed at which the iron piece 111 and the large-diameter portion 110d of the arm 110 come into contact with each other can be adjusted to any extent, and problems such as defective suction can be eliminated. To describe the cam surface 16b a little more, from the state shown in FIG.
The amount of cam lift when is rotated (or rotated) by a unit angle, then the cam lift when the shaft 16c is rotated (or rotated) by a unit angle (after rotating about 10 ° or more from the state shown in Fig. 1). The cam surface 16b is formed so as to be smaller than the amount. Therefore, when the cam 16a reversely (or normally) rotates at a constant speed from the state shown in FIG. 1, the cam surface 20a of the cam 20 is rotated.
Moves slowly from the roller 110a, and the moving speed of the arm 110 until the large diameter portion 110d abuts the iron piece 111 due to the reverse (or forward) rotation of the reference shaft 16a.
Can be smaller than the moving speed of. In this embodiment, the lever 22 has a mechanical locking claw 22b.
This drives one motor 1 forward and backward to drive the mirror,
In the drive mechanism shown in FIG. 1 for winding up the shutter charge and the film, the shutter charge is cam 16
If you do it with a, the charge lever 17
Even during one full rotation of film winding, the cam surface 16b once descends and retracts. At this time, the locking claw 22b locks the charge lever 19 so that the arm 110 of the shutter curtain does not follow the charge lever 17. However, the position of this locking claw 22b is the shutter arm 1
If the position is within the overcharge stroke (S) of 10, the trouble occurs as described above. Therefore, the position of the locking claw 22b is set such that the lever 19 rotates counterclockwise to follow the cam 20 and the arm 110 moves.
When the arm rotates to the right, the large diameter portion 110d of the arm 110 is brought into contact with the iron piece 111, or after that, the lever 19 and the locking claw 22b.
Is set to be engaged with. Therefore, the first
In the state shown in the figure, a gap is provided between the lever 19 and the claw portion 22b.

As described above, the mirror up is completed, and the electromagnets are turned off in the order of the front curtain and the rear curtain by the circuit (not shown), and the arm 11
Rotate 0 etc. to the right to run the leading and trailing curtains sequentially to obtain the desired shutter seconds. Next, the subsequent operation will be described. When the trailing-curtain switch (not shown) is closed when the trailing-curtain traveling is completed, the normal rotation of the motor 1 is started by the trailing-curtain traveling signal, and the mirror drive systems 22, 39, 40 enter the mirror-down step. Along with the normal rotation of the motor 1, the reference shaft 16c and the pin 31 on the disc 32 of the reference shaft also rotate normally (clockwise). During the mirror up process (during reverse rotation of the reference shaft 16c), the mirror drive lever 33, which has been turned clockwise by the pin 31, keeps the triangular shape formed by the levers 34 and 36 and turns left while following the pin by the spring 70. The mirror drive vertical lever 39, which has been turned clockwise by the mirror drive lever 33, also returns to rotate (counterclockwise) by the spring 50 following the lever 33, but at this time, by the end portions 39b and 39d, the mirror up lever 40 and the aperture stop. Regulation lever 4
Turn 1 together with left. The movable mirror 43 enters the mirror down process by the down spring 71 as the mirror up lever 40 turns left. The aperture interlocking lever 101 that interlocks with the aperture blades (not shown) in the lens 100 is also the aperture regulating lever 41.
As it turns left, it is pushed upwards, and the diaphragm expands toward opening. That is, the spring 50 charges the mirror drive system 22, 3 while charging the diaphragm drive spring 102 in the lens 100.
Has the ability to restore 9,40. At this time, the shutter charge lever 17 is also rotated counterclockwise by the cam surface 16b on the reference gear 16 as the reference shaft 16c rotates normally (clockwise), and the lever 19 presses the protrusion 20b of the cam 20 to move the cam. Turn 20 to the left to bring the shutter system 20,110-113 to the state of charge as shown in FIG. The lever 19 is engaged with the reset lever 72 to rotate the reset lever 72 right about the shaft 73 during the right turning process. The reset lever 72 is engaged with the aperture stop lever 63 at the other end 72a, and the lever 63 rotates counterclockwise against the spring 62 in the clockwise rotation process. By rotating the locking lever 63 counterclockwise, the locking lever claw portion 63a that fixes the diaphragm to the control diaphragm value
The ratchet gear 57 is unlocked, and the armature 61 arranged on the lever 63 is pressed and attracted by the yoke 60 of the combination magnet. Aperture control system
The expansion gear systems 55, 56, 57 of 48, 53, 55 to 63, 130 are returned and rotated by the return spring 74 of the aperture control system until the lever 48 comes into contact with the aperture regulating lever 41 by unlocking by the claw portion 63a. , At the position shown in FIG. 1 (aperture open state), the next release is awaited. In the present embodiment, the mechanism for resetting the aperture control system is shown in a simplified manner, and the reset lever 72 is described as one point, but this is not completely satisfactory in terms of function. That is, in reality, a mechanism (not shown) is provided between the end portion 72a and the lever 63, and a mechanism that allows the lever 63 to rotate right when the lever 72 rotates right is required. This schematic diagram is for understanding only the reset system in which the aperture control claw 63a is released by the shutter charge lever 17 during the mirror down process and the locking lever 63 is attracted to the combination magnets 58-60. ,
The above mechanism is omitted. In the mirror up process, the reference shaft 16c that has been reversed rotates normally (clockwise) as described above, and returns to the original reference position (the position shown in FIG. 1) to reset the mirror down, the shutter charge and the aperture control system reset. Complete.

Next, the film winding after that will be described.

The motor 1 does not stop at that position (reference position), passes through that position as it is, and enters the film winding process by one rotation (360 °) of the reference shaft. The reference shaft 16c is a shaft extending from the upper part to the lower part of the camera body body, and its bearing is provided in the camera body body. (Not shown) and the reference axis
A hoisting gear 80 is arranged coaxially with 16c.
Is rotatably supported on a winding board of a camera body (not shown). On the upper surface of the gear 80, a cylindrical portion 80c having a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the gear 80 is provided as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, and a concave portion 80a into which the claw portion 82a of the hoisting limiting lever 82 falls is located above the outer diameter. Four notches 8 where the reverse rotation prevention claw 83 falls
0b is provided. The reference position of the camera before release is determined by the winding limit lever 82. Further, a pin 81 is planted on the lower surface of the gear 80, and engages with the pin 31 planted on the reference shaft disc 32 on the same radius. Pin 31 reverses (left-handed) due to camera release
However, it does not affect the winding gear 80. One end 82b of the winding limiting lever 82 is bent downward and is in a position to engage with the mirror driving lever 33, and the winding limiting lever 82 is also rotated to the right by the above-described clockwise rotation of the mirror driving lever 33 (previous step of mirror up). . The lever 82 is disengaged from the hoisting gear 80 by this right-handed rotation, and at the final stage of its stroke (the right-handed last end of the lever 33), its tip falls and is locked by the claw portion 84a of the locking lever 84.

When the reference shaft 16c moves to the forward rotation (right rotation) mode and passes the reference position to enter the film winding process, the above-mentioned claw portion 84
Since the winding limit lever 82 is held at the position removed from the winding recess 80a by a, the reference shaft pin 31 is
It is possible to rotate the winding gear train 86, 91 to 94 while rotating 80 together. The gear 86 meshing with the winding gear 80 is a sprocket gear, and rotates integrally with the sprocket shaft 87. Pin 88 planted at the lower end of sprocket shaft 87 and groove 89a provided at the outer periphery of the lower end of sprocket 89
Engage with to rotate the sprocket shaft 87
Have been communicated to. The sprocket shaft 87 can move up and down,
The downward movement disengages the pin 88 from the sprocket groove 89a, so that the sprocket 89 can be freed. The sprocket shaft 87 is constantly urged upward by the spring 90, and the clutches 88 and 89a are in the engaged state as long as the sprocket shaft 87 is moving upward. Hoisting gear 8
The rotation of 0 is transmitted from the sprocket gear 86 to the spool gear 92 via the idle gear 91. The spool gear 92 has a center hole thereof rotatably supported on a substrate of a camera body (not shown), and the hugging spring 3 is wound around the small diameter portion 92a. One end 3a of the wrapping spring 3 is fitted in the hole 2a of the spool 2, and the wrapping torque constitutes a well-known slip mechanism (spool friction mechanism) at the time of film winding. A counter feed gear 94 meshes with the spool gear 92 via an idle gear 93, and one rotation of the winding gear 80 causes the counter feed gear 94 to rotate.
Is configured to rotate once. The counter feed gear 94 has a Geneva gear 96 which meshes with the counter ratchet gear 95 on the upper part thereof, and one rotation of the Geneva gear 96 causes the counter gear 95 to move one scale, that is, a frame number display plate 98 integral with the gear 95. It is designed to rotate one frame.

Reference numeral 97 is a lever which is interlocked with the opening and closing of the back lid, and when the back lid is closed, the Geneva gear 96 is pressed against the counter ratchet gear 95, and when the back lid is opened, the meshing is released and the frame number display plate 98 is shown in FIG. It is a lever that resets to the position. Counter ratchet gear 95
There is a return coil spring inside the Geneva gear.
When the gear 95 is disengaged from the gear 95,
It has a mechanism to return to the position (start position) independently. The frame number display plate 98 has a cam portion 98a with which the counter switch SW3 abuts, and the switch is closed (ON) and idling while the frame number display is from "S" to "1". Has been identified. During the idling, the motor 1 is continuously operated (forward / reverse rotation) to feed only the film to the first frame. During this idle feeding, the shutter front curtain is electromagnets 112 and 113, and the shutter rear curtain is electromagnet 11 by a circuit not shown.
The first and second curtains do not run because they are held in a charge state by electromagnets (not shown) configured similarly to 2,113.

The operation for winding the exposure-completed film will be described by returning to the original state.
The pin 81 which is rotated (right-handed) by the reference shaft pin 31 abuts on the tip end inclined surface portion 36b of the lever 36 arranged on the mirror drive lever 33 during the rotation (right-handed), and the lever 36 is rotated.
Is rotated right to release the engagement with the idle lever 34. Further, the hoisting gear 80 continues to rotate, but the triangular shape of the levers 34, 33, and 36 consisting of three points is broken, and only the lever 34 is pushed by the pin 81 to be rotated rightward. 70 does not rotate while contacting the stopper 98. Also pin 81
Also makes contact with one end 84b of the locking lever 84 in the middle of turning (clockwise), and turns the lever 84 to the left (at almost the same time as making contact with the end 36b of the lever 36). The winding limiting lever 82 held by the locking portion 84a of the lever 84 is unlocked by this left rotation, is rotated left by the movable contact piece of the winding restriction switch SW1, and contacts the small diameter portion 80c of the winding gear 80. . The winding gear 80 makes one rotation and the film is 38 mm, that is, one frame has been fed. At this time, the claw portion 82a of the winding limiting lever 82 is
Falls into the recess 80a provided in the small diameter portion 80c of the gear 80 and stops the rotation of the gear 80. The winding limit switch SW1 is turned on within the locking stroke of the winding limit lever 82 to stop the forward rotation of the motor 1. In this way, a series of operations from the release of the camera to the film winding are completed,
The state of FIG. 1 is restored.

It should be noted that the idling lever 34 rotated clockwise by the reference pin 31 and the winding gear pin 81 during the winding process continues to have the spring 35.
While being brought into contact with the pin 31, the pin 31 follows the pin and returns (turns left) to rotate, and engages with the locking portion 36a of the lever 36 a little before the winding completion position (the position shown in the figure) and again. The three points 33, 34, 36 of the lever form a triangle.

Next, the film rewinding will be described. In this embodiment, the film rewinding is performed manually. As a rewinding operation procedure, first, the R button 120 protruding upward from an unillustrated upper cover is pressed down. Below the R button 120 is a sprocket shaft 87, and the sprocket shaft 87 is also pushed down. At the upper end of the sprocket shaft 87, a large diameter portion 87a of the shaft 87 is provided.
A smaller diameter portion 87b that is smaller by one step is provided, and the upper end thereof is cut by three surfaces 87c so as to have a diaper shape as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3 when viewed from the end surface (from above). The cut portion 87c slightly digs into the large diameter portion 87a of the sprocket shaft 87, and the shape of the cut surface is convex as shown in FIG. The sprocket shaft is constantly pressed with a leaf spring 121 urged toward the center of the shaft, and when the shaft 87 is pushed down, it is cut between the small diameter portion 87b and the large diameter portion 87a at the end of the shaft and cut. The end portion (lower end) of the leaf spring 121 is hooked on the stepped portions 87d and 87e formed between the surface 87c and the large diameter portion 87a, and the upward movement of the shaft is locked at that position. By pushing down the shaft 87 in this manner, the clutches 88 and 89a between the sprocket shaft 87 and the sprocket 89 are released from each other, and the sprocket 89 becomes free. Further, at the position where the upward movement is blocked by the leaf spring 121, the clutches 88 and 89a are held in the disengaged position. When the motor 1 is rotated by the release of the camera in this state, the sprocket shaft 87 is rotated, and the leaf spring 121 is pushed out to the large diameter portion 87a of the sprocket shaft by the diametrical shape of the end of the sprocket shaft, and the locking is released. To be done. When the lock is released, the sprocket shaft 87 is moved upward by the spring 90, and the clutches 88 and 89a are engaged. When the clutch is disengaged and the constraint of the sprocket 89 is released, rewinding becomes possible. Therefore, the film is rewound by a rewinding knob (not shown). At this time, the spool 2 is rotated in the reverse direction (right-handed) by the film, and the spool friction torque by the spring 3 causes the film winding gears 80, 86, 9
It costs 1,92. If this spool friction torque is large, the sprocket shaft 87, the reference shaft 16c, and the reduction gear example 5-1
Motor 1 is also rotated in the reverse direction (counterclockwise) via 5.
When the sprocket shaft rotates, the locking leaf spring 121 is pushed out to the large diameter portion 87a of the sprocket shaft, so the R button 120
Moves up, resets, and cannot rewind.
In this embodiment, in order to prevent the above drawbacks, the winding gear 80
The counterclockwise rotation of is stopped by the reverse rotation prevention lever 83.

In the conventional reverse rotation prevention mechanism, the method of directly stopping the tooth surface of the winding gear with the reverse rotation prevention claw and the reverse rotation prevention ratchet gear were prepared separately, but it is difficult to determine the position with the unlocking point of the sprocket shaft. The number of breaks must also be close to infinity. In this embodiment, by utilizing the rotation ratio (3; 4) of the hoisting gear 80 and the sprocket shaft 87, the hoisting gear 80 has a 4-tooth engaging portion 80b, and the sprocket shaft has a three-tooth engaging portion 80b.
By providing the lock releasing portions 87c at several places, the reset failure of the R button 120 is prevented. Ie sprocket shaft 87
The four engaging portions 80b are provided so that the reverse rotation preventing lever 83 engages with the engaging portion 80b just before the leaf spring 121 is pushed out from the stepped portion 87e to the large diameter portion 87a. By providing the engaging portion 80b at a position corresponding to the stepped portion 87e, the resetting of the R button 120 when the sprocket shaft 87 is reversed (clockwise) with the minimum engaging portion 80b is prevented.

Next, the photographing sequence will be summarized according to the time chart shown in FIG. In the figure, the diaphragm drive curve a, the mirror travel curves b and e, the shutter travel curves c and d, etc. are shown in the upper part, and the opening / closing timing of each switch is shown in the lower part. First, loading the film into the camera, close the back lid (The time counter Sui Tutsi SW3 are ON), pressing a release button (full press) and (t ₀ point), an electromagnet for Shiyatsuta curtain and the rear curtain ( (112, 113, etc.) always adsorb and hold each shutter curtain, and electric power is supplied to the motor 1. Therefore, similar to the above-mentioned operation, the motor 1 starts reverse rotation, and the reference shaft 16c becomes 1
Reverse rotation of 05 °, stop, forward rotation of 105 ° + 360 ° (the film is wound up by this rotation of 360 °), reverse rotation of 105 °, stop, forward rotation of 105 ° + 360 °, and so on. It is driven by the circuit shown. When the frame number display board 98 is to display a "1" from the "S", the counter switch SW3 is motor 1 is stopped OFF (t ₁ point).
This t _{0 to} t ₁ is the film idling section A. During this time, the shutter curtain does not run because it is attracted to the electromagnet. Thereafter, the release button and semi Osuru (t ₂ time), semi-depression switch (not shown) is turned ON, the power supply of the metering circuit and the camera the entire control circuit is present input. Then, the combination of the aperture diameter and shutter speed to obtain the proper exposure is determined from the photometric output before the camera is released and the ASA information, and the display in the viewfinder is performed. Furthermore, pressing the release button (full press) Then release Sui Tutsi interlocked thereto (not shown) is turned ON momentarily motor 1 starts reverse rotation (t ₃ time points) (t ₃ time points). The diaphragm only throttled Yuki with (curve a) at the mechanism, thereby being energized diaphragm control Magunetsuto 58-60 by the control aperture value obtaining (t ₅ point) immediately before the control circuit stops the aperture control system. After passing through the stroke of the motor to the minimum aperture diameter further reversed to release the engagement of the mirror up-lever 40 and Chiyajireba by lever 22 is stopped by the immediately reversed stop switch SW2 (t ₇ time point).
Thus the movable mirror 43 travels rises to a position not blocking the (curve b) Apachiyua (t ₈ point). Is motor reverse region B for driving the diaphragm until the t ₃ ~t _7. The reference axis 16c reverses 105 ° in this section. Further, t _{7 to} t ₈ is the mirror up section c. A throttle travel curve a in FIG. 5 represents a change in the aperture diameter, and gradually decreases to a small aperture. The travel curves b and e of the mirror show the movement amount of the point of the mirror tip with respect to time. Re metering the amount of light transmitted through the aperture narrowed to control the aperture value in this embodiment, stores the photometric values by the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 (t ₇ time point). Then, the shutter speed is re-determined including the exposure amount and the correction due to the aperture control error.
At this time, the time from t _{5 to} t ₇ is the re-photometry time. t until ₆ ~t ₇ point in time will be re-photometric time when the minimum aperture. The feeding of the front curtain control electromagnet 112 and 113 using the signal of the reverse rotation stop switch SW2 on the trigger signal after a predetermined time T in this embodiment cut off, thereby front curtain (t ₉ times). Curve c is the running curve of the front curtain when running the 24 mm aperture. Here, the two electromagnets 112, 113 that lock the leading and trailing curtains
By the like) signals of the switch (not shown) in the release has begun energization (t ₃ time points), it holds both curtains to Shiyatsuta travel time. After S when the control Shiyatsuta seconds by the exposure control circuit (not shown), the feeding of the rear curtain control electromagnet (not shown) is cut off (t ₁₁ time), it is possible to obtain a desired slit width of Shiyatsuta intermission. Curve d shows the running curve of the trailing curtain. Rear curtain switch the rear curtain travel completion time (t ₁₂ time) (not shown) is turned ON, the motor 1 by the signal
Rotates in the normal direction and enters the mirror down step e. A shutter charge is also performed during this process. until t ₁₂ ~t ₁₃ is forward section D of the motor to perform mirror-down and shea guy Tachi yer di. The reference axis 16c rotates forward by 105 ° in this forward rotation section. After completion of mirror down of motor (after t ₁₃ )
Also continues normal rotation and enters film winding process E. The reference shaft 16c is rotated once (rotated 360 °) and the film 38mm
Wind (one frame) onto spool 2. Upon completion the winding of the film one frame, when this is stopped is the gear 80 winding by winding limiter lever 82, winding limiting switch SW1 be turned ON motor 1 is stopped (t ₁₄ time). By this series of sequences, the exposure and winding of one film frame are completed. The above is the drive sequence in the normal program exposure control mode.

Next, the drive and sequence when using the dedicated strobe will be described. The program exposure control of the present embodiment is an optical feedback system (while the diaphragm of the lens is being driven, the amount of light passing through the diaphragm diameter is constantly measured, and the measured value is constantly fed back to the diaphragm control circuit. Control to the aperture diameter). However, the program method may be difficult to control when the subject is dark. Therefore, it is not suitable for aperture control during flash photography. Since the aperture diameter at the time of flash shooting is determined based on the ASA sensitivity of the film, the shooting distance of the subject, and the guide number of the flash,
If the strobe is a TTL light control strobe (the amount of strobe light emission is controlled by an optical element inside the body), even the maximum reach is set, and only the film sensitivity is the parameter for determining the aperture diameter. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the aperture diameter is set and controlled according to the film sensitivity when the dedicated strobe is attached. In this embodiment, when a dedicated strobe with a guide number of 25 is attached, the normal strobe shooting distance is 0.8 m.
Assuming ~ 4.5m, the aperture is F
It is set and controlled to be 5.6. If the 1-step film sensitivity is increased (ASA200), the aperture diameter is decreased by 1 step (F8). If the 1-step film sensitivity is decreased (ASA50), the aperture diameter is increased by 1 step (F).
4) The aperture diameter is set as shown. Therefore, if the film sensitivity is ASA25 or higher, it is possible to keep the dimming range up to 4.5 m. Then, the aperture control method at this time does not use the light quantity feedback method but uses the time control method. The time control method refers to a method in which a time table of driving time from the open aperture value to the control aperture value is prepared in advance and the aperture diameter is controlled by the time table. If the diaphragm driving time from the release of the camera until the desired diaphragm diameter is obtained is attempted based on the timetable, the following drawbacks occur in the camera that controls the diaphragm by driving the motor. That is, a change in the drive voltage between the motor terminals (6V to 4.5V) changes the motor start-up characteristics, the motor drive force, and the rotation speed, which changes the timetable from the release to the control aperture value. Where it sets a predetermined passing point (Fig. 5 t ₄ time) near the open aperture in the present embodiment, the problems by using the driving time table to diameter aperture control from the point (W in Figure 5) The points have been resolved. In the present embodiment, the point is set at a position narrowed down by about 1/2 step from the aperture open position, and a slide switch (131 to 134 described later) that is turned off at the point is provided. When the time is controlled from the throttle passage point to the control aperture value, the slope of the throttle travel curve should not be changed by the drive voltage between the motor terminals. For that purpose, it is necessary to consider the drive mechanism of the mechanical diaphragm, which will be described later. In this embodiment, the timetables are grouped according to the open F value of the interchangeable lens. There are various combinations of focal lengths and open F-numbers for interchangeable lenses, but the drive time for each stop diameter of the aperture when driving the aperture is roughly classified by the open F number alone. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare the timetable for each combination of the focal length and the open F number including the intermediate open FN ₀ by controlling the average drive time table of each open F number grouped.

Now, returning to FIG. 1, a mechanical mechanism for controlling the time of the diaphragm will be described. The above-mentioned diaphragm driving method in the program exposure control mode, the control diaphragm value locking method, the other shutter control method, the film winding method, and the like are the same in the case of strobe control. Aperture control lever 41
The lever 48 interlocking with the drive shaft 53 disengages the drive shaft 53 to transmit the movement of the diaphragm to the expansion locking mechanism, and the contact piece 131 is disposed on the lever 130 fixed to one end of the drive shaft 53. The contact piece 131 slides on the printed circuit board 134 provided on the surface facing the contact piece 131 in conjunction with the lever 130. Patterns 132 and 133 are provided on the printed circuit board 134, and when the diaphragm is open, the contact piece 13 is formed between both patterns.
The pattern 132 and 133 are cut off through 1 and are blocked at the point where the aperture is opened up to about 1/2 step at the start of the aperture operation. From this point, the time control circuit 135 controls the aperture time according to the time table. The time control circuit 135 determines that flash photography is performed by turning on the power of the strobe, completing charging of the strobe, or automatically setting the strobe synchronization time, and replaces the aperture control circuit in the program exposure control mode described above. , The diaphragm can be controlled. And contact piece 131 and pattern 13
When the switch composed of 2 and 133 is turned off, time calculation is started. Then, immediately before the desired aperture value is obtained, the calculation is ended, and the ratchet wheel 57 is locked by the pawl 63a by energizing the aperture control magnets 58 to 60, and the aperture stop operation is stopped. The time control circuit 135 determines, according to the open aperture value (open F number) of the lens mounted on the camera, what curve the aperture of the interchangeable lens is reduced with respect to the aperture time (aperture travel curve). , The control aperture value is determined based on the film sensitivity signal. And the circuit
135 From these inputs, until aperture reaches the control aperture value from the time narrowed 1/2 step (t ₄ time of FIG. 5), the details will be computing the time until immediately before. Time control circuit 135
Controls the aperture as described above, using the time obtained by the above calculation as the measured time. Of course, it is also possible to take out a signal from the operation of the lever 39 or the like and start time counting from the time when the narrowing-down is started from the open throttle to control the throttle time.

In this embodiment, in order not to change the inclination of the diaphragm running curve by the drive voltage (power supply voltage) between the motor terminals, a method is adopted in which the diaphragm is not driven directly by the motor but the diaphragm is driven via the diaphragm drive spring 46. ing. That is, when the motor driving force is directly transmitted to the diaphragm driving system 41 by gear coupling or the like, the driving time until the predetermined diaphragm value is obtained is directly affected by the change in the motor driving voltage. If the driving force of the motor 1 is transmitted to the diaphragm driving system 41 via the diaphragm driving spring 46 as in the present embodiment, the change in the driving force due to the voltage change can be absorbed by the spring. This is because the diaphragm 46 is driven by the stored energy while the driving force of the motor 1 is being accumulated in the spring 46, so that the amount of change in the diaphragm driving time until the predetermined diaphragm value is obtained is reduced. It becomes possible.

In this embodiment, the timetable is changed according to the open F value of the lens as described above. Therefore, the time control circuit 135 selects the timetable according to the open F value of the interchangeable lens mounted on the camera, and changes the diaphragm drive time according to this timetable. To give a concrete example, if the open F value of the lens is F1.2, F1.4, it follows the timetable of the F1.4 lens, and if it is F1.8, F2.0, it follows the timetable of the F2.0 lens. , F2.5, F2.8 according to the F2.8 lens timetable, F3.5, F4.0, F4.5 according to the F4.0 timetable, the aperture drive time is changed. ing.

In this embodiment, the aperture control is switched to the time control system only during flash photography, but the time control system can also be applied to the aperture control in the program exposure control mode described above.

Although only the shutter system for the front curtain of the shutter is shown in the embodiment, the shutter system for the rear curtain is exactly the same as the shutter system for the front curtain except when the electromagnet is energized.

Further, in the embodiment, the retracting movement speed of the arm 110 is made slow by devising the cam surface of the cam 16, but the same may be done by devising the cam surface 20a of the cam 20.

(Effect of the invention) By rotating the camera drive system from the reference position in the reverse direction, the mirror driving force is charged and the diaphragm is driven, and then the mirror is lowered and the shutter is rotated in the process of returning to the reference position in the forward direction. Charge and let it pass 1
It is possible to disperse each driving force by rotating the film to wind the film, and the motor load can be small, so that the motor power can be small, and the size, weight and power saving can be designed. .

Further, by maximizing the load of the motor in the film winding step and minimizing the shutter charging step, the motor stop position at the time of battery exhaustion can be limited to the film winding step. At least, by setting the load ratio so as not to stop during shutter charging, it becomes impossible to be left in the middle of charging, which is weak with respect to light leakage between curtains, and thus light leakage can be prevented.

By driving the mirror system with a swing lever composed of three-point levers, a simple and reliable clutch mechanism can be provided, and an inexpensive drive mechanism with a small number of parts can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a schematic perspective view of the drive diameter, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the shutter system (first curtain), FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the hoist gear and the sprocket gear from above, and FIG. A perspective view and FIG. 5 are time charts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A diaphragm adjusting mechanism for adjusting opening and closing of a diaphragm in a taking lens, a shutter mechanism for running a shutter curtain for adjusting a film exposure time, and a shutter mechanism arranged between the taking lens and the shutter curtain. A mirror moving mechanism that moves the mirror in the vertical direction, a filter winding mechanism that winds up the film, a reference shaft that is connected to one motor capable of forward and reverse rotation, and that is capable of forward and reverse rotation, the aperture adjustment mechanism and the mirror movement mechanism. The driving member for driving the driving member, the idling member rotatably attached to the driving member, and the locking member that engages with the idling member are configured to move integrally, Based on this, the reference shaft rotates in the opposite direction from the reference position by a predetermined angle and comes into contact with the idling member to move the driving member, thereby closing the diaphragm in the closing direction. And the mirror is moved upward, and when the movement of the shutter curtain is completed, the reference shaft rotates in the positive direction by a predetermined angle and returns to the reference position, thereby opening the diaphragm and moving the mirror downward. A swinging mechanism for moving, a charging member for charging the shutter mechanism by returning the reference shaft to the reference position by rotating the reference shaft in a positive direction by a predetermined angle when the traveling of the shutter curtain is completed, and the filter hoisting mechanism. And a hoisting member that winds the film by rotating the reference shaft one rotation in the positive direction from the reference position, wherein the swing mechanism has the reference shaft in the positive direction from the reference position. It is configured such that, when it makes one full rotation, the engagement between the idling member and the locking member is released to move only the idling member and not the drive member. A camera with a built-in motor.