JPS62291860A - Cylindrical alkaline battery - Google Patents

Cylindrical alkaline battery

Info

Publication number
JPS62291860A
JPS62291860A JP61135704A JP13570486A JPS62291860A JP S62291860 A JPS62291860 A JP S62291860A JP 61135704 A JP61135704 A JP 61135704A JP 13570486 A JP13570486 A JP 13570486A JP S62291860 A JPS62291860 A JP S62291860A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
separator
polyvinyl alcohol
clay
alkaline battery
cylindrical alkaline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP61135704A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masato Harada
原田 正人
Takao Yokoyama
孝男 横山
Tadashi Sawai
沢井 忠
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP61135704A priority Critical patent/JPS62291860A/en
Publication of JPS62291860A publication Critical patent/JPS62291860A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/44Fibrous material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411Organic material
    • H01M50/414Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0002Aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0014Alkaline electrolytes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable deterioration in battery characteristics to be suppressed, even if a very small amount of heterogeneous metal or the like is mixed, by using a separator on which films of clay or dry soil are formed absorbing polyvinyl alcohol. CONSTITUTION:A separator 4 is formed by impregnating alkali-proof resinous fiber with an aqueous solution comprising kaolinite (kaoline) of 1.0wt% and polyvinyl alcohol of 0.001wt%. And thin cloths composed of films 4a containing kaolinite particles absorbing polyvinyl alcohol, which are obtained by a drying process for about twelve hours, are formed on the separator. Otherwise, the films 4a may be formed on only the positive electrode-sided surface, that is, the plane which becomes the outside one after bending the thin cloths. Hence, a cylindrical alkaline battery capable of improving its characteristics, even if a very small amount of heterogeneous metal or the like is mixed, can be obtained by using such a separator 4.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、正極活物質に酸化水銀や二酸化マンガンなど
を用いる円筒形アルカリ電池に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a cylindrical alkaline battery using mercury oxide, manganese dioxide, or the like as a positive electrode active material.

従来の技術 円筒形アルカリ電池は、古くから医療用機器や各種測定
器などの電源として広く利用されている。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Cylindrical alkaline batteries have been widely used as power sources for medical equipment and various measuring instruments for a long time.

この円筒形アルカリ電池に用いられるセパレータは、ポ
リビニルアルコールの皮膜を表面に形成した樹脂繊維ま
たは一切の表面処理を加えない樹脂繊維の薄布からなり
、第3図の4に示すように開口先端部をもつ有底円筒形
に成形されて電池の正極体の中空部へ挿入され、その内
部に充填されたゲル状亜鉛やその他の負極側構成材と組
合わされて、電池を構成していた。
The separator used in this cylindrical alkaline battery is made of resin fibers with a polyvinyl alcohol film formed on the surface or a thin cloth of resin fibers without any surface treatment. It was formed into a cylindrical shape with a bottom and inserted into the hollow part of the positive electrode body of the battery, and was combined with gelled zinc and other negative electrode side constituent materials filled inside to form the battery.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 しかしながら上記のセパレータを用いた電池は、ごく微
量の異種金属などがセパレータ外面に付着していた場合
、あるいは既に正極合剤に混在していた場合、高温保存
中に開路電圧や残存電気容量が著しく劣化した。
Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, batteries using the above-mentioned separators may suffer during high-temperature storage if very small amounts of dissimilar metals adhere to the outer surface of the separator or if they are already mixed in the positive electrode mixture. The open circuit voltage and residual capacitance deteriorated significantly.

本発明は上記問題点に濫み、ごく微量の異種金属などが
前述のように混入した場合でも、電池特性の劣化を抑制
する円筒形アルカリ電池を提供するものである。
The present invention overcomes the above problems and provides a cylindrical alkaline battery that suppresses deterioration of battery characteristics even when a very small amount of a different metal is mixed in as described above.

問題点を解決するだめの手段 この目的を達成するために、本発明はセパレータとして
、耐アルカリ性の樹脂繊維に、粘土または軟土と、バイ
ンダーとしてのポリビニルアルコールとを溶解した水溶
液を含浸させた後、一定時間乾燥することによシ皮膜を
表面に形成した薄布を用いることを特徴とする円筒形ア
ルカリ電池である。
A further means for solving the problem In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a separator in which an alkali-resistant resin fiber is impregnated with an aqueous solution of clay or soft earth and polyvinyl alcohol as a binder. This is a cylindrical alkaline battery characterized by using a thin cloth with a film formed on its surface by drying for a certain period of time.

作用 このような電池であれば、少量の異種金属などが前述の
ように混入した電池であっても、用いるセパレータの表
面にはポリビニルアルコールヲ吸着した粘土または軟土
の粒子が接着し、この粒子は特にセパレータのように多
孔性の表面への接着力が大きいため、電解液存在下で起
こる混入物と正極合剤との化学反応を阻止しうるもので
あり、セパレータ表面が強化されて電池の保存特性が向
上する。
Function: In such a battery, even if a small amount of different metals are mixed in as mentioned above, clay or soft soil particles that have adsorbed polyvinyl alcohol adhere to the surface of the separator used, and these particles Because it has a particularly strong adhesion to porous surfaces such as separators, it can prevent chemical reactions between contaminants and the positive electrode mixture that occur in the presence of electrolyte, strengthening the separator surface and improving battery performance. Preservation properties are improved.

実施例 以下、本発明の実施例を図により説明する。第2図は従
来および本発明により得られたセパレータを用いた円筒
形水銀電池(高さ1e、Byig、外径16.4H)の
半断面図である。この電池の一般的な製造法は、正極合
剤1を正極ケース2内に正極リング3と共に挿入して加
圧成型する。そして有底円筒形セパレータ4を、成型し
た正極合剤1の中空部に挿入し、さらにこのセパレータ
4の内部に氷化亜鉛粉末とゲル化剤とアルカリ電解液と
を混合したゲル状亜鉛負極5の所定量を充填した後、集
電子6を溶接した封口板7と絶縁ガスケット8からなる
負極端子キャップを装填し、正極ケース2の開口縁部を
封口して電池を構成している。こうちセパレータに本発
明の特徴があり、第1図&に示すようにセパレータ4は
耐アルカリ性樹脂繊維を、カオリナイト(高陵士)1.
0重量%とポリビニルアルコールの0.001重量%か
らなる水溶液に含浸させた後、45℃で12時間乾燥す
ることにより得られるポリビニルアルコールを吸着した
カオリナイト粒子の皮膜4aを表面に形成した薄布から
なる。上記に説明した本発明によるセパレータと、従来
のセパレータを各々用いて実施例の円筒形水銀電池を組
立てた。その際、セパレータの外側面と正極合剤の内側
面との隙間に黄銅粉末の約5岬を混入させて100個ず
つ組立てた。電池完成後46℃の温度下で下表の日程た
より開路電圧と、負荷抵抗62Ωで端子電圧0.9Vに
なるまでの連続放電持続時間を試験した結果、下表のご
とく本発明品に著しい効果が得られた。開路電圧のデー
タは試験数1ooの平均値、持続時間のデータは試験数
6の平均値である。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a half-sectional view of a cylindrical mercury battery (height 1e, Byig, outer diameter 16.4H) using separators obtained conventionally and according to the present invention. A general method for manufacturing this battery is to insert a positive electrode mixture 1 into a positive electrode case 2 together with a positive electrode ring 3 and to mold the positive electrode mixture under pressure. A cylindrical separator 4 with a bottom is inserted into the hollow part of the molded positive electrode mixture 1, and a gelled zinc negative electrode 5 containing a mixture of frozen zinc powder, a gelling agent, and an alkaline electrolyte is placed inside the separator 4. After filling a predetermined amount of the battery, a negative electrode terminal cap consisting of a sealing plate 7 to which a current collector 6 is welded and an insulating gasket 8 is loaded, and the opening edge of the positive electrode case 2 is sealed to form a battery. The Kochi separator is characterized by the present invention, and as shown in FIG.
A thin cloth having a film 4a of kaolinite particles adsorbing polyvinyl alcohol obtained by impregnating it with an aqueous solution consisting of 0% by weight and 0.001% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and drying it at 45°C for 12 hours. Consisting of Cylindrical mercury batteries of Examples were assembled using the above-described separator according to the present invention and a conventional separator. At that time, about 5 caps of brass powder were mixed into the gap between the outer surface of the separator and the inner surface of the positive electrode mixture, and 100 separators were assembled. After the battery was completed, we tested the open circuit voltage and continuous discharge duration until the terminal voltage reached 0.9V with a load resistance of 62Ω at a temperature of 46°C according to the schedule shown in the table below. was gotten. The open circuit voltage data is the average value of 100 tests, and the duration data is the average value of 6 tests.

次に本発明における各々の特徴について述べる。Next, each feature of the present invention will be described.

まずセパレータ表面に形成する皮膜の面積であるが、前
記実施例に示した第1図aではセパレータ全面、つまり
薄布の両面としたが、特に正極合剤と混入物による反応
がセパレータ表面に対して強い攻撃となるため、第1図
すのように正極側表面、つまり薄布の折曲げ後、外側に
なる面のみに皮膜を形成してもよい。
First, regarding the area of the film formed on the surface of the separator, in FIG. Therefore, the film may be formed only on the surface of the positive electrode side, that is, the surface that becomes the outer side after the thin cloth is bent, as shown in FIG. 1.

次に水溶液の濃度であるが、ポリビニルアルコールの重
合度やケン化度および粘土や軟土の種類・粒径により吸
着性や帯電性および耐水接着力が異なる。しかし、共通
して言えることは前記濃度が高いほどセパレータ表面は
異物反応に対して強化されるが、電池の短絡電流は低下
し、逆に前記濃度が低いほどこれらの特性は逆の傾向と
なる。またポリビニルアルコールと粘土または軟土との
混合重量比率であるが、これも2者の特性水準と種類・
粒径の様々な組合せにより水溶液の相対濁度や凝集性、
耐水接着力が異なる。しかし、共通して言えることはポ
リビニルアルコールの重量比率が高いほど耐水接着力が
強くなり、セパレータの表面が強化されるが、電池のポ
リビニルアルコールの凝集作用が弱ま9、相対濁度が上
昇する。
Next, regarding the concentration of the aqueous solution, adsorption, charging properties, and water-resistant adhesive strength vary depending on the degree of polymerization and saponification of polyvinyl alcohol, and the type and particle size of clay or soft soil. However, the common thing that can be said is that the higher the concentration, the stronger the separator surface becomes against foreign body reactions, but the short-circuit current of the battery decreases, and conversely, the lower the concentration, the opposite tendency for these characteristics. . In addition, the mixing weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol and clay or soft soil is also determined by the property level and type of the two.
Various combinations of particle sizes can affect the relative turbidity and cohesiveness of aqueous solutions.
Water resistant adhesion strength is different. However, the common thing that can be said is that the higher the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, the stronger the water-resistant adhesion and the reinforcement of the surface of the separator, but the aggregation effect of polyvinyl alcohol in the battery weakens9 and the relative turbidity increases. .

逆にポリビニルアルコールの重量比率が低いほど、これ
らの特性は逆の傾向となる。
Conversely, as the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol decreases, these properties tend to be opposite.

従って物性がすべて異なる主なポリビニルアルコール4
品種と粘土や乾土の4品種による前述の黄銅粉末混入試
験を行ない、開路電圧が1.3501未満となった電池
数と短絡電流について46℃保存下15日後の結果を次
表に示す。表中のpvム重量%は土類100に対する値
で、土類の重量%は本溶液100に対する値である。
Therefore, the main polyvinyl alcohols with all different physical properties 4
The above-mentioned brass powder mixing test was conducted on four types of batteries, clay and dry soil, and the results of the number of batteries with an open circuit voltage of less than 1.3501 and short circuit current after 15 days of storage at 46°C are shown in the table below. The weight % of pvm in the table is a value based on 100 of earth, and the weight % of earth is a value based on 100 of this solution.

なお、試験数は100個で、各欄のデータとも上段が電
圧劣化数、下段が短絡電流(A)の平均値である。
The number of tests was 100, and the data in each column shows the number of voltage deteriorations in the upper row and the average value of short circuit current (A) in the lower row.

(以下 余 白) これにより水溶液の濃度は粘土または乾土の重量%が0
.5〜2.0%、ポリビニルアルコールの重量%が粘土
や乾土に対して0.04〜o、14重量%の範囲が適当
であった。なお、この範囲をセパレータ面積1rr?当
たりの塗工量に換算すると3.0〜26gであった。
(Left below) As a result, the concentration of the aqueous solution is 0% by weight of the clay or dry soil.
.. Appropriate ranges were 0.04 to 14% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol based on clay and dry soil. In addition, this range is separator area 1rr? The amount of coating per coat was 3.0 to 26 g.

発明の効果 以上のように本発明はセパレータの材料となる樹脂繊維
の薄布にポリビニルアルコールを吸着した粘土または乾
土の皮膜を形成することにより、量産化を容易にし、か
つ電池特性も向上することができるものである。
Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention facilitates mass production and improves battery characteristics by forming a film of clay or dry earth adsorbed with polyvinyl alcohol on a thin cloth of resin fiber that is the material of the separator. It is something that can be done.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図a、bは本発明におけるセパレータを示す断面図
、第2図は従来および本発明における円筒形アルカリ電
池の半断面図、第3図は従来のセパレータを示す断面図
である。 1・・・・・・正極合剤、2・・・・・・正極ケース、
3・・・・・正極リング、4・・・・・・セパレータ、
41L・・・・・・ポリビニルアルコールを吸着した粘
土または乾土の粒子から成る皮膜、5・・・・・ゲル状
亜鉛負橿、6・・・・・・集電子、7・・・封口板、8
・・・・・・絶縁ガスケット。 代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか1名第1
図 第31ン1
1A and 1B are sectional views showing a separator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a half sectional view of a conventional cylindrical alkaline battery and a cylindrical alkaline battery according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional separator. 1... Positive electrode mixture, 2... Positive electrode case,
3... Positive electrode ring, 4... Separator,
41L... Film made of clay or dry soil particles adsorbing polyvinyl alcohol, 5... Gel-like zinc negative rod, 6... Current collector, 7... Sealing plate , 8
...Insulating gasket. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 31-1

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)ポリビニルアルコールを吸着した粘土または乾土
の皮膜を表面に形成したセパレータを用いることを特徴
とする円筒形アルカリ電池。
(1) A cylindrical alkaline battery characterized by using a separator whose surface is coated with a film of clay or dry earth that has adsorbed polyvinyl alcohol.
(2)セパレータ表面の皮膜が、耐アルカリ性樹脂繊維
の薄布に0.5〜2.0重量%の粘土または乾土と、こ
の粘土または乾土の0.04〜0.14重量%のポリビ
ニルアルコールとからなる水溶液を含浸させた後、一定
時間乾燥したものである特許請求の範囲第1項記載の円
筒形アルカリ電池。
(2) The film on the surface of the separator consists of a thin cloth made of alkali-resistant resin fibers, 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of clay or dry soil, and 0.04 to 0.14% by weight of polyvinyl of this clay or dry soil. The cylindrical alkaline battery according to claim 1, which is impregnated with an aqueous solution consisting of alcohol and then dried for a certain period of time.
JP61135704A 1986-06-11 1986-06-11 Cylindrical alkaline battery Pending JPS62291860A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61135704A JPS62291860A (en) 1986-06-11 1986-06-11 Cylindrical alkaline battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61135704A JPS62291860A (en) 1986-06-11 1986-06-11 Cylindrical alkaline battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62291860A true JPS62291860A (en) 1987-12-18

Family

ID=15157937

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61135704A Pending JPS62291860A (en) 1986-06-11 1986-06-11 Cylindrical alkaline battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62291860A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7740984B2 (en) 2004-06-04 2010-06-22 Rovcal, Inc. Alkaline cells having high capacity

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7740984B2 (en) 2004-06-04 2010-06-22 Rovcal, Inc. Alkaline cells having high capacity

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