JPS62283929A - Treatment of ginseng and treated product produced thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a treated ginseng by disintegrating tissue-cultured ginseng with ultrasonic vibration. CONSTITUTION:Root of ginseng (e.g Panax ginseng, Panax japonicum, etc.) is aseptically cultured to obtain a tissue-culture product, which is treated with ultrasonic vibration (1kHz-1MHz, preferably 10-50kHz) to obtain treated ginseng. The treatment is carried out by dispersing the cultured product in a proper solvent (e.g. water, alcohol such as methanol, ketone such as acetone, polyhydric alcohol such as glycerol, etc.) and irradiating the dispersion with ultrasonic vibration. The treated product contains various active components such as saponins, inorganic salts, flavonoids, etc. The treated product and extract prepared therefrom can be utilized as ginseng preparation or various health foods. Since the active component is released from the cell, it can be quickly absorbed even by taking the disintegrated cell as it is and a sufficiently high drug action can be attained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for processing medicinal ginseng to effectively obtain hair from the active ingredients of medicinal ginseng, and a processed product obtained thereby.

(Prior art) Medicinal ginseng 1 For example, Panax gins
engC, A, Meyer), Panax ginseng (Pan)
ax japonicus CoA, Meyer), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium)
L,), Panax notoginsen
g (Burk) F.

H, Chen), Siberian ginseng (E Ieu th
The root of Erococcus senticosus is prized and widely used as a useful herbal medicine.

The medicinal properties of medicinal ginseng include tonicity, longevity, and sedation.

It has been shown to have stimulant and diuretic effects. The main medicinal components of crude drugs obtained from medicinal ginseng are saponin and sabogenin. Saponin extracted from medicinal ginseng consists of many component groups called ginssides: Ro, Ra, Rh,
Contains Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg and Rh. Among these, Rh and Rg play a central role in medicinal effects, and are known to have sedative and stimulant effects, respectively.

The active ingredients of medicinal ginseng are 1. Usually, the medicinal ginseng roots are cut or crushed and then extracted using an appropriate solvent using a cold extraction method or a hot extraction method.The solvent used is 9.
For example, water and alcohol.

Ketones, liquid polyhydric alcohols, or a mixed solvent of two or more thereof are appropriately selected depending on the type of target active ingredient. However, in such a method, the extraction rate of the active ingredient is not necessarily sufficient, so it is necessary to repeat the extraction operation many times. Although the heating extraction method increases the extraction efficiency, the active ingredients may change due to hydrolysis or metastasis due to heat, and there is a risk that medicinal ginseng will lose its properties as a herbal medicine.

The above-mentioned cut or crushed medicinal ginseng root may be further finely crushed by, for example, ultrasonication. However, the walls of plant cell tissues are hard, so they cannot be easily crushed like microbial cells. .

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to effectively extract the active ingredients of medicinal ginseng without losing its properties as a crude drug. The objective is to provide a processing method to obtain the desired results.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a processed product of medicinal ginseng that contains the active ingredients of medicinal ginseng without being changed and can effectively utilize the active ingredients.

(Means and effects for solving the problems) The method for processing medicinal ginseng of the present invention includes disrupting a medicinal ginseng tissue culture by ultrasonication, thereby achieving the above object.

The processed medicinal ginseng product of the present invention is obtained by disrupting a medicinal ginseng tissue culture using ultrasound, thereby achieving the above object.

Medicinal ginseng used in the present invention includes, for example, Panax ginseng, Panax ginseng, American ginseng, Panax ginseng, and Siberian ginseng (all of which are plants of the Araliaceae family). is used.

A tissue culture (callus) of medicinal ginseng can be obtained, for example, by aseptically culturing the root of medicinal ginseng. Examples of the culture medium include Murashige-Skoog's medium, White's medium, O, L.

Gunpaug Linsmeyer-Skoog (0, L.

Gamborg Linsmaier-3koog's medium, Gantheret's medium, Tulecke's medium.

Examples include Morel's medium. To culture callus, both solid culture and liquid culture are possible. For example, if a liquid medium is slowly stirred while aerated with sterile air and cultured at room temperature for 2 to 3 months, the culture solution will be 17. 10-30 g (dry weight) of callus is obtained per sample.

The vibration frequency (frequency) of the ultrasonic waves in the ultrasonic treatment used in the present invention is 1 kHz to I MHz. The size of the device is largely determined by the frequency used.

Considering the size of the device, 10kHz to 50k
A frequency of Hz is preferred. When ultrasonic waves of the above frequency are emitted, in addition to the fundamental wave, harmonics such as second and third harmonics and cross-modulation waves are also generated, and it is thought that these can also be effective in ultrasonic processing.

The power required for ultrasonication depends on the frequency used.

Although it varies depending on the medicinal ginseng tissue culture, the amount of the solvent described below, the viscosity and surface tension of the solvent, etc., in any case, it is sufficient to have an output that can maintain the minimum level (cavitation level) to cause vibration. When the power is below the cavitation level, the effect of disrupting the tissue culture is insufficient. Increase the cavitation level (even if you exceed it, the energy IQ loss will be large and you will not get an effect proportional to the output. Usually, increase the cavitation level by 2 to 3)
If the output is higher than dB, ultrasonic processing can be effectively performed.

The output waveform of the ultrasonic wave is also not particularly limited. A waveform that rises quickly, such as a square wave or a triangular wave, is advantageous because it reaches the cavitation level with a small output, but considering the transmission mechanism of the ultrasonic wave from the vibrator of the ultrasonic processing device, even a sine wave is sufficient. It is thought that this effect can be obtained.

To process medicinal ginseng according to the present invention, first.

The medicinal ginseng tissue culture is usually dispersed in a suitable solvent and irradiated with ultrasound. The ultrasonic irradiation time is not particularly limited; for example, it is 10 to 60 minutes, preferably 20 to 30 minutes at 300 W per 100 g of medicinal ginseng tissue culture (containing 86% water by weight).

Examples of solvents used include water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and propatool; ketones such as acetone; and polyhydric alcohols such as propylene glycol, butylene glycol, and glycerin. A mixed solvent of two or more of these may be used. It is not necessary to dry the medicinal ginseng tissue culture to be used in advance as in the case of ordinary solvent extraction, but rather it is preferable from the point of view of crushing efficiency to subject the culture to ultrasonication as it is. However, 1. For example, when it is desired to mainly extract alcohol-soluble components from the crushed material (processed material) using absolute alcohol, a tissue culture that has been dried to a desired degree in advance is used in order to suppress the contamination of water. others.

When it is desired to obtain heat-treated medicinal ginseng components such as the herbal medicine red ginseng, it is also possible to pre-treat the two tissue cultures with boiling water or steam.

According to the present invention, when a ginseng tissue culture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, the tissue culture has a softer and thinner cell membrane and a higher water content than natural ginseng tissue cells, and the frog bodies of the cells are exposed to ultrasonic waves. Because the vibration separates the cells into individual cells,
easily crushed.

As a result, the active ingredient is dispersed into the dispersion solvent. For example, the crushed product obtained by ultrasonication is pulverized using a press mill,
If the ultrasonic treatment is repeated, it will be further finely crushed. The crushed product of medicinal ginseng tissue culture can be used as it is for purposes such as health foods. The finely ground processed products obtained by the above-mentioned repeated processing become colloidal, so that they can be easily added to foods such as peanut butter and margarine as they are, for example.

Since the processed product subjected to ultrasonic treatment in a solvent by the above method contains the active ingredients of medicinal ginseng dissolved in the solvent, an extract of the medicinal ginseng components can be obtained by filtering this. If changes in active ingredients due to heating are not taken into account, heating can increase extraction efficiency. However, there is a drawback that the filtration efficiency decreases because the cell components become gelatinized. When using an aqueous solvent, add about 50v of a water-miscible organic solvent, such as ethanol, to the obtained extract.
When added at a concentration of about v%, cell components such as starch and protein and polymer fractions are precipitated. When this is removed, a solution containing saponins, inorganic salts, flavonoids, etc. in relatively high purity is obtained. When solutions containing the active ingredients of these medicinal ginseng are concentrated, soft extracts, dry extracts, etc. can be obtained.

According to the present invention, the cells of the medicinal ginseng tissue culture are sufficiently disrupted, so that the active ingredients are sufficiently dispersed outside the cells.
As a result, the active ingredient can be obtained in high yield. Since there is no need to heat and extract the active ingredients, the medicinal ginseng ingredients are not affected. For example, conversion of saponin to saponigen by thermal decomposition is extremely rare. When obtaining active ingredients from natural medicinal ginseng.

Usually, a dried product is used, but in the present invention, the tissue culture is used as it is, so the operation is easy.

The resulting ultrasonicated products and extracts obtained therefrom are used in various health foods including medicinal ginseng preparations. Even if the cell lysate is taken as is, the active ingredients are dispersed outside the cells, so absorption is rapid and sufficient medicinal efficacy can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to medicinal ginseng, but can be applied to plants that can be tissue cultured, such as ginseng, ginseng, oriental ginseng. By sonicating aggregates (tissue cultures) of undifferentiated cells of these plants, crushed products can be easily obtained, and the active ingredients can be easily utilized.

(Example) The invention will now be explained with reference to examples.

A medicinal ginseng tissue culture was obtained by tissue culture of Panax ginseng using a conventional method. 900 ml of water and 1 ml of ethanol were added to 100 g of this culture, and the mixture was irradiated with 300 W ultrasonic waves at 26 kTLZ and a sine wave for 30 minutes. The obtained crushed material was filtered to obtain a filtrate. Furthermore, a solvent of the same composition was added to the crushed material collected by filtration, and extraction was performed again.

The extract was combined with the filtrate obtained earlier and concentrated.
I got the extract. Separately, an extract was obtained by repeating the operation of extracting 100 g of the same culture by heating it to 70° C. 10 times using a solvent of the same composition (water-ethanol mixture), and concentrating the obtained extract. The extraction efficiency of the extract obtained by the above method was calculated, assuming that the extraction rate of the extract by this heating extraction was 100%. The results are shown in the table below.

The treated product obtained by performing ultrasonic treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 was filtered, and the obtained solid component (cake) was pulverized with a roller mill. Additionally, 900 ml of water and ethanol Loo
ml was added and the ultrasonic treatment was performed again under the same conditions.

This was filtered, and the filtrate was combined with the first obtained filtrate and concentrated to obtain an extract. The extraction efficiency of the extract is shown in the table below.

Next, an extract obtained from a tissue culture obtained in a similar manner by a cold soaking method using a solvent of the same composition (corresponding to Comparative Example 4) and an extract obtained by ultrasonication according to the present invention were prepared, respectively. It was subjected to liquid chromatography under the following conditions. The respective charts are shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Analysis conditions by liquid chromatography Carrier: Polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer; Particle size 7
μm column; 150 x 4.6 ■φ Mobile phase: 7 Setonitrile - Water - Phosphoric acid
(40: 60: 0.3) Flow rate: 0.8m
l/min.

Detection wavelength: 210 nm Temperature (column): 66°C As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the extract obtained by the present invention has three new peaks compared to the extract obtained by the cold soaking method (Figure 2, 1.3). and 5), but the peak intensity is about 172 to 115 compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 3 described later.
It can be seen that the contained components are hardly denatured.

Ultrasonic treatment was performed twice according to Example 2 of χ Earth Charcoal Yu, and ethanol was added to the obtained filtrate to make the ethanol concentration 50 v/v%. This was left at room temperature for 6 hours, and the precipitate that precipitated was filtered off and concentrated to obtain an extract.

The extraction efficiency of the extract is shown in the table below.

When subjected to liquid chromatography in the same manner as in Example 2, three new peaks were confirmed, but the peak intensities were at a level of about 172 to 115 compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 3 described below.

The procedure was the same as in Example 2 except that water was used as the solid soil solvent. When subjected to liquid chromatography in the same manner as in Example 2, two new peaks were confirmed, but the peak intensities were approximately 172 to 11
It was level 5.

A medicinal ginseng tissue culture was pulverized with a mixer, and extracted twice by boiling for 2 hours using a solution having the same composition as in Example 1.

The obtained extract was subjected to liquid chromatography in the same manner as in Example 2. The chart is shown in Figure 3. In FIG. 3, six new peaks (1 to 6) were confirmed. From FIG. 3, it is considered that the obtained components were denatured by heat.

, Bile Comparison 1u Extraction from medicinal ginseng tissue culture was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and ethanol was added in accordance with Example 3.
/v% ethanol insoluble matter was filtered off. When the obtained extract was subjected to liquid chromatography in the same manner as in Example 2, a chart substantially similar to that in Comparative Example 1 was obtained.

land comparison spot yu This was the same as Comparative Example 1 except that water was used as the solvent.

When the obtained extract was subjected to liquid chromatography in the same manner as in Example 2, a chart substantially similar to that in Comparative Example 1 was obtained.

The tissue culture was pulverized using a mixer, immersed in a solvent having the same composition as in Example 1 at 20°C for 24 hours, and extracted by cold soaking. The extraction efficiency of the obtained extract is shown in the table below.

Extraction from medicinal ginseng tissue culture was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4, and ethanol was added in accordance with Example 3.
/% ethanol-insoluble matter was filtered off. The extraction efficiency of the obtained extract is shown in the table below.

Comparison 5l Same as Comparative Example 4 except that water was used as the solvent. The extraction efficiency of the obtained extract is shown in the table below.

Table (Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, a processed medicinal ginseng product that can effectively utilize the active ingredients of medicinal ginseng can be obtained. Since the ultrasonic treatment is performed, no heat treatment is required, and as a result, there is extremely little denaturation of the active ingredients contained therein. The processed product obtained by the present invention can be used as it is, or after extracting the active ingredients into a soft extract or dry extract, it can be used in various medicinal ginseng preparations, health foods, and the like. The method of the present invention can be applied to any plant that can be cultured in medicinal ginseng.

For example, it is possible to effectively extract the active ingredients and pigments from Citrus persimmonica and Prunus elegans, and it can be applied to the extraction of active ingredients from various plants.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a liquid chromatography chart of an extract obtained from a medicinal ginseng tissue culture by cold soaking, and Figure 2 is a liquid chromatography chart of an extract obtained by ultrasonication of a medicinal ginseng tissue culture. FIG. 3 is a liquid chromatography chart of an extract obtained by boiling extraction of a ginseng & IIva culture. 1 to 6...Peaks of newly generated components. that's all

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for processing medicinal ginseng, which includes disrupting a medicinal ginseng tissue culture using ultrasound. 2. The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the medicinal ginseng tissue culture is dispersed in a solvent and subjected to ultrasonication. 3. A processed medicinal ginseng product obtained by disrupting a medicinal ginseng tissue culture using ultrasound. 4. The processed medicinal ginseng product according to claim 3, which is obtained by dispersing the medicinal ginseng tissue culture in a solvent and subjecting it to ultrasonication.