JPS6226424A - Method and device for giving building with double wall climatic change - Google Patents
Method and device for giving building with double wall climatic changeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6226424A JPS6226424A JP61105032A JP10503286A JPS6226424A JP S6226424 A JPS6226424 A JP S6226424A JP 61105032 A JP61105032 A JP 61105032A JP 10503286 A JP10503286 A JP 10503286A JP S6226424 A JPS6226424 A JP S6226424A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- building
- wall
- medium
- walls
- double
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1084—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heating systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/1407—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material
- A01G9/1415—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material with double or multiple walls
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、内側の壁と、この壁と距離を隔てて平行に走
行している外側の壁とから成り立つ壁をＨする建築物、
特にこの様に形成された温室の内部空間に、前以て処理
されていない加熱媒質、特に鉱山の坑道からの排気又は
厩舎の排気を用いて、気候°的な変化を与える方法およ
びこの方法を実施するための装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a building with a wall consisting of an inner wall and an outer wall running parallel to this wall at a distance;
In particular, a method of climatically modifying the interior space of a greenhouse formed in this way using an untreated heating medium, in particular exhaust air from a mine shaft or from a stable; It relates to an apparatus for carrying out the invention.
薄葉で覆われた温室が農業で使用されていることは公知
になっている。この様な温室は、外部の温度および加熱
する太陽光が不足している時、外部からのエネルギー供
給によって、即ち熱発生器又はその他の外部からの熱に
よって加熱される。熱発生器を用いて加熱された薄葉の
温室を使用するのは、植物を早めに栽培することを可能
ならしめる、しかし高価な投資上運転のコストはこれら
の対象物を利用する場合に非常にコスト高になる。It is known that greenhouses covered with foliage are used in agriculture. Such greenhouses are heated by an external energy supply, ie by a heat generator or other external heat, when there is a lack of external temperature and heating sunlight. The use of thin leaf greenhouses heated with heat generators makes it possible to grow plants quickly, but the high investment and operating costs are very prohibitive when using these objects. The cost will be high.
例えば薄葉で形成された温室の様な、二重壁の対象物の
隔離作用を改良するための公知の方法は、二重壁の間の
空間に適当な温度の水を循環させることである。斯くし
て水がその表面を流れている面、即ち熱の利用を出来る
だけ大きくしてやるため、強制通路又は誘導要素が配置
されている。この様な種類の加熱方法はガラスの温室に
おいても採用されている。しかしこの方法は重要な欠点
を有しており、例えば、実際にこの方法を適用する場合
に、非常に面倒な問題を提起する誘導要素を使用しなけ
ればならない。A known method for improving the isolation effect of double-walled objects, such as greenhouses made of thin leaves, is to circulate water at a suitable temperature in the space between the double walls. Forced channels or guiding elements are thus arranged in order to maximize the utilization of the surface over which the water flows, ie the heat. This type of heating method is also used in glass greenhouses. However, this method has important drawbacks, for example, it requires the use of guiding elements, which poses very complicated problems when applying this method in practice.
別の決定的な欠点は、循環する水は十分な熱の利用を可
能ならしめるものではない事である。Another crucial drawback is that the circulating water does not allow sufficient heat to be utilized.
さらに西ドイツ国特許公開第８２１９５９号公報により
、建築物の壁に水を通すため、大地から汲み上げられた
水がその温度を維持して用いられており、この温度は大
地の温度に等しく、大気圧の下で噴出口によって、例え
ば二重壁になった薄葉の内側の幕に吹き付けられる。即
ちこの水を内側の壁だけが利用している。噴射された水
はそれからさらさらと流れて壁の足部に至りそして空間
の基底において二重の覆いの間に集められそして大地の
中に戻される。水の温度を外部の温度に依存して規制可
能に形成することが可能である。しかしこのことは、適
当な温度になるまで、水が長い時間の間大地または付加
的なエネルギー源の中の装置に滞留していなければなら
ない。この様な方法を実施するため、一つの装置が用い
られ、この装置は水を噴射口に供給し、この噴射口は例
えば温室の二重壁の薄葉の覆いの棟のところに配置され
ている。水は、薄葉の内部の壁の上をさらさら流れた後
で、導管により地下の水槽に導かれそして、閉鎖された
循環路の内部で一定の滞留時間と加熱時間が経過した後
で、ポンプを介して噴射口に供給される。Further, according to West German Patent Publication No. 821,959, in order to pass water through the walls of buildings, water is pumped up from the earth and used while maintaining its temperature, which is equal to the temperature of the earth and has atmospheric pressure. It is sprayed by a spout below the inner curtain of, for example, a double-walled thin leaf. In other words, only the inner walls utilize this water. The jetted water then flows freely to the foot of the wall and is collected between the double covers at the base of the space and returned to the earth. It is possible to make the temperature of the water regulated in dependence on the external temperature. However, this requires that the water remain in the device in the ground or in an additional energy source for a long time until the appropriate temperature is reached. To carry out such a method, a device is used which supplies water to the jets, which jets are arranged, for example, at the ridge of a double-walled foliage cover in a greenhouse. . After flowing freely over the interior walls of the lamina, the water is led by conduits to an underground cistern and, after a certain residence and heating time inside a closed circuit, is pumped. It is supplied to the injection port through the injection port.
この方法と装置は次の様な欠点を有している。This method and apparatus have the following drawbacks.
先ず第一に、大地の内部で水を適当な温度に暖めるとい
う様な複雑な循環路を、比較的短命の対象物のために設
備することは不可能である。First of all, it is impossible to install complex circuits such as heating water to a suitable temperature inside the earth for relatively short-lived objects.
またこの方法を実施するための付加的な費用が比較的多
い。Also, the additional costs for implementing this method are relatively high.
さらに内部空間の換気及びエヤーコンディション技術に
おいて用いられるガス状の媒質又は通常の要素をそのま
ま用いる方法も公知になっている。この際清浄であるこ
と又は植物に調和すること或いは一般に、内部空間に存
在しているもの又は生物に調和することに重点が置かれ
ていなければならない。例えば温室内の植物の成長に悪
い影響を与える様な物質を含んでいる媒質を使用するこ
とは出来ない。さらに建築物の内部空間、特に温室の内
部空間を直接暖める装置が公知になっている。この装置
は一般に空気を加熱する装置であり、この装置の構成に
は非常に費用がかかりそしてこの装置ではエネルギー伝
達と熱担持体を清浄にするための要望が大きい。Furthermore, it is also known to use gaseous media or the usual elements used in the art of ventilation and air conditioning of interior spaces. The emphasis here must be on cleanliness or harmony with the plants or, in general, with what is present or living things in the interior space. For example, it is not possible to use a medium that contains substances that would adversely affect the growth of plants in a greenhouse. Furthermore, devices are known that directly heat the interior spaces of buildings, in particular greenhouses. These devices are generally air heating devices, the construction of which is very expensive and in which there are great demands for energy transfer and for cleaning the heat carrier.
この方法では空気は内部空間を導かれる。内部空間内の
空気の滞留時間は非常に短い。単位時間毎の空気の交換
は非常に頻繁に行なわれ、３０回／時間に達する。In this method air is directed through the interior space. The residence time of air within the interior space is very short. Air exchange per unit time is very frequent, reaching 30 times/hour.
この方法は５ｃｉｅｎｔｉａ Ｈｏｒｔｉｃｕｌｔｕｒ
ａｒｅ、 Ａｍｓｔｅ−ｒｄａｍ １１ （１９７９）
の１９乃至３０頁に記載された、ＢＵＸＴＯＮ、Ｊ、Ｗ
、 ＷＡＬＫＥＲ，Ｊ、Ｎ、その他の論文： Ｅｎｅｒ
ｇｙ Ｃｏｎ５ｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ ｂｙ ｖｅｎｔｉｌ
ａｔｉｎｇａ ｇｒｅｅｎｋｏｎｓｅ ｗｉｔｈ ｄｅ
ｅｐ−ｍｉｎｅａｒ に発表されている。This method uses 5cientia horticultur
Are, Amste-rdam 11 (1979)
BUXTON, J.W., described on pages 19-30 of
, WALKER, J.N. and other papers: Ener.
gy Con5ervation by ventil
atinga greenkonse with de
Published in ep-minear.
排気の利用方法は、清浄に対する技術及び装置に関する
要望が非常に大きくそしてその除熱の損失が大きいため
、加熱してやらなければならない程であるのでこれまで
利用されなかったし、また方法自体が総体的に不経済な
ものであった。The method of using exhaust gas has not been used until now because the requirements for cleaning technology and equipment are very large and the loss of heat removal is so large that it has to be heated, and the method itself is not comprehensive. It was uneconomical.
本発明の目的は、壁が内側の壁とこれに対して距離を隔
てて平行に走行している外側の壁から成り立っている建
築物の内部空間、特にこの様に形成された二重壁の温室
に、前以て処理されていない熱媒質、特に鉱山の坑道か
らの排気又は厩舎の排気を用いて、気候的な変化を与え
る方法およびこの方法を実施するための装置を創成する
ことであり、この方法により現存する熱媒質を前以て処
理することなく利用することが可能でありそして斯くし
て、温度湿度が管理された建築物の利用価値が著しく高
くなり、特に厩舎の排気又は鉱山の坑道からの排気の様
な、これまで建築物の内部空間を暖めるのに不適当であ
ると思われていた排気が利用可能になり、その際熱エネ
ルギーは、建築物の内部空間には不適当であった、ガス
状の熱を導く媒質を前以て技術的に処理することなく内
部空間に作用させることが可能でありそしてそれと同時
に固有の熱の利用と熱を導く媒質によって熱の隔離が達
成される。The object of the invention is to solve the problem of internal spaces of buildings whose walls consist of an inner wall and an outer wall running parallel to this at a distance, in particular of double walls formed in this way. To create a method of climatically modifying a greenhouse using a heat medium that has not been previously treated, in particular the exhaust air from mine shafts or the exhaust air from stables, and an apparatus for carrying out this method. This method makes it possible to use existing heat media without prior treatment and thus significantly increases the utility value of temperature-humidity controlled buildings, especially for stable exhaust or mines. Exhaust air that was previously thought to be unsuitable for heating the interior spaces of buildings, such as exhaust from mine shafts, can now be used, with thermal energy being supplied to the interior spaces of buildings. It was possible to apply a gaseous heat-conducting medium to the internal space without prior technical treatment and at the same time utilize the inherent heat and isolate the heat by means of the heat-conducting medium. is achieved.
本発明により上記の目的は次ぎの様にして達成される。The above objects are achieved by the present invention in the following manner.
即ちガス′状の媒質が建築物の外側及び内側の壁の間に
導かれそしてこれかの壁の間の空間を一様に満たしなが
ら建築物の一方の端から建物の軸に沿って他方の端に向
かって、若干の凝縮物のフィルタ一層を二重壁の面の間
に形成しながら導かれ、この際ガス状の媒質は液体、気
体そして／または固体の成分を含み、建築物の内部空間
に溢れ出しそして一定の点で、内部空間から導き出され
る。本発明により媒質は二重壁の間を慣流した後で大気
中に導き出される。循環する空気を使用する場合、即ち
内部空間から吸い出された空気が、二重壁の間を慣流し
た後で建築物の内部空間に再び供給されることも本発明
に含まれる。さらに本発明によれば、媒質は内部空間か
ら二重壁の間に導かれこれらの壁の面に凝縮させられ、
その際凝縮物は固体又は液体状の塊として付着しそして
凝縮物層によって若干の隔離層が形成される。媒質の液
体成分が固体および液体状の塊として二重壁の内側に沈
着物として保持されるのは、本発明の特徴である。凝縮
した水又は、外部の温度が低い場合には、水として二重
壁の内側に存在する沈着物は有効な隔離層としても役立
ち、即ち熱の損失を避は或いは、これと逆に、建築物を
冷却する時には建築物の中に熱が侵入するのを阻止する
。この際本発明により媒質の凝縮物が技術的な機能に役
立たない場合には凝縮物は取り除かれる。また凝縮物が
熱を調節するのに重要である場合には熱循環過程に戻さ
れる。例えば本発明の方法を温室に適用する時、凝縮に
よって非常に清浄にされた水が、植物生産の技術的過程
において、内部空間にある植物に生理的影響を与えるた
めに供給可能である。媒質は、本発明の一つの形成によ
り、建築物の双方の長手側面の足部の外側と内側の壁の
間に導入されそして建築物の棟の処から流出することが
可能である。本発明の別の形成では、媒質は建築物の長
手側面の足部に導入されそして斯くして二重壁の間に導
かれ、反対側の側面の足部から導き出される。この際本
発明の有利な形成では、媒質は足部を介して二重壁の間
に導入されそして棟の処に、媒質がそれの熱エネルギー
を与えた後で、二重壁の間から再び流出する可能性を設
けることである。この際本発明の方法は、熱の調節、即
ら内部空間の温度調節が媒質の量によって行なわれるこ
とを可能にしている。本発明の方法の変形においては、
温度調節が、低エネルギー或いは高エネルギーの、又は
液体或いは気体のエネルギー担持体を付加することによ
って補助され、その際、温度調節が媒質の温度を操作す
ることによって行なわれるので好都合である。本発明の
目的はまた本発明の方法を実施するのに使用される装置
によって達成される。この装置は、建築物が公知の如く
二重壁で形成され、これらの壁はそれらの間に中空空間
を形成している。この中空空間の中に空気を導入する装
置が配置され、この装置は複数の射出口を有し、この射
出口は、空気導入装置が配置されている範囲に亙って、
媒質を一様に分布させることを可能にし、その際棟の範
囲には１個又は数個の開口が建築物の二重壁に配置され
ている。That is, a gaseous medium is conducted between the outer and inner walls of the building and is passed from one end of the building along the axis of the building to the other, uniformly filling the space between either wall. Towards the end, a filter layer of some condensate is conducted forming between the surfaces of the double walls, the gaseous medium containing liquid, gas and/or solid components being introduced into the interior of the building. It overflows into space and, at certain points, is derived from inner space. According to the invention, the medium is introduced into the atmosphere after a common flow between the double walls. The invention also includes the use of circulating air, ie the air sucked out of the interior space is fed back into the interior space of the building after a common flow between the double walls. Furthermore, according to the invention, the medium is conducted from the interior space between the double walls and is condensed on the surface of these walls,
The condensate is then deposited as a solid or liquid mass and the condensate layer forms some separating layer. It is a feature of the invention that the liquid component of the medium is retained as a deposit inside the double wall as a solid and liquid mass. Condensed water or, if the external temperature is low, the deposits present inside the double wall as water also serve as an effective insulating layer, i.e. to avoid heat loss or, on the contrary, to When cooling things, it prevents heat from entering the building. According to the invention, the condensate of the medium is removed if it does not serve a technical function. The condensate is also returned to the thermal cycling process if it is important for heat regulation. For example, when applying the method of the invention in a greenhouse, water highly purified by condensation can be supplied to have a physiological effect on the plants located in the interior space during the technical process of plant production. According to one embodiment of the invention, the medium can be introduced between the outer and inner walls of the foot on both longitudinal sides of the building and can flow out from the ridge of the building. In another embodiment of the invention, the medium is introduced into the foot of the longitudinal side of the building and is thus led between the double walls and out of the foot of the opposite side. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the medium is introduced between the double walls via the foot and, after the medium has imparted its thermal energy to the ridge, returns from between the double walls. It is to create a possibility for leakage. In this case, the method according to the invention makes it possible to adjust the heat, ie the temperature of the interior space, by means of the amount of medium. In a variant of the method of the invention,
Temperature regulation is advantageously assisted by the addition of low- or high-energy, liquid or gaseous energy carriers, in which case temperature regulation is carried out by manipulating the temperature of the medium. The objects of the invention are also achieved by the apparatus used to carry out the method of the invention. In this device, the building is constructed in a known manner with double walls, which walls define a hollow space between them. A device for introducing air into this hollow space is arranged, and this device has a plurality of injection ports, and the injection ports extend over the range where the air introduction device is arranged.
It is possible to distribute the medium uniformly, with one or several openings being arranged in the double wall of the building in the area of the ridge.
本発明の一つの形成では、別の熱媒質の供給が必要でな
い時、内部の空気の閉鎖された循環運行を保証するため
、建築物の壁に循環空気を導入する開口が配置されてい
る。本発明の一つの形成では、空、気導入が壁の足部の
範囲に配置されその際空気導入装置は、内部壁の足部の
処から始まって内部壁の三分の一の高さまで広がって設
けられている様に形成されている。全部又は一部分が垂
直な側壁を有し、外側と内側の壁を有する温室では、本
発明により、空気導入装置は外側の壁の足部に配置しそ
して媒質の流れは足部から上方に向けられ、その際流入
口が内側の壁に配置されている。本発明の一〇の形成で
は、空気導入装置の噴出口が、空気導入装置が取り付け
られている内側の壁の上方の接続点に設けられている。In one embodiment of the invention, openings for introducing circulating air are arranged in the walls of the building in order to ensure a closed circulation of the air inside when the supply of a separate heat medium is not required. In one embodiment of the invention, the air inlet is arranged in the area of the foot of the wall, the air inlet device starting from the foot of the inner wall extending up to one-third of the height of the inner wall. It is formed in such a way that it is provided as follows. In greenhouses with completely or partly vertical side walls and with outer and inner walls, according to the invention the air introduction device is arranged at the foot of the outer wall and the flow of the medium is directed upwards from the foot. , the inlet is arranged in the inner wall. In a tenth embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the air introduction device is provided at a connection point above the inner wall on which the air introduction device is mounted.
すでに前述した様に、内部に不純物を含んだ元の形態の
ままで、選別されることなく加熱媒質として装置の中で
使用可能であることは、本発明の一つの特徴で有る。こ
の様な温室に特有の大なる温度伝達面は低エネルギーの
加熱媒質の利用を可能にする。本発明による方法の重要
な特徴は、加熱媒質が凝縮点に達した時に得られる。こ
の際、薄いフィルム状になった凝縮物の若干の層が、建
築物又は温室の二重壁に形成されそして斯くしてこの方
法の熱的効果を意図された通りに高める。この効果は、
周囲の大気との望ましくないエネルギー交換を最小なら
しめる。本発明の方法およびこの方法を実施するために
用いられる装置は、極端に安価な投資で確実に運転され
ることを保証する。即ち、本発明の装置では、建築物を
暖めるのに排気を利用することが可能であり、この排気
は空気導入装置によって運搬され、二重壁の内部にそれ
の熱を与えそして建築物の棟の開口を通って流出する。As already mentioned above, one of the features of the present invention is that it can be used as a heating medium in an apparatus without being sorted out in its original form containing impurities. The large temperature transfer surface characteristic of such greenhouses allows the use of low energy heating media. An important feature of the method according to the invention is obtained when the heating medium reaches its condensation point. In this case, several layers of thin-film condensate are formed on the double walls of the building or greenhouse and thus increase the thermal effectiveness of the method as intended. This effect is
Minimizes unwanted energy exchange with the surrounding atmosphere. The method of the invention and the equipment used to carry out this method ensure reliable operation with extremely low investment costs. That is, with the device of the invention it is possible to use the exhaust air to heat the building, which exhaust air is conveyed by the air introduction device and gives its heat to the interior of the double wall and the building wing. flows out through the opening.
排気のエンタルピーを利用するには、加熱装置を技術的
に運転するために、媒質を動かすための最小のエネルギ
ーが必要であり、加熱のためのエネルギーは必要ではな
い。この装置を建築物の空気を循環させるためにも用い
ることが可能である。この際空気はエネルギーを注入さ
れることなく、整えられた条件のもとに、温室の内部空
間から加速されながら、建築物の長手側面の足部の処で
二重壁の中に、開口を有する導入装置を介して導入され
そして、内側の壁の棟の処の開口を介して再び内部空間
に流入する。上述した特別の隔離効果は、運転中に加熱
媒質が凝縮点に到達した時隔離作用をする凝縮物の層が
、これを取り囲んでいる表面に形成される。To utilize the enthalpy of the exhaust gas, for the technical operation of the heating device, a minimum amount of energy is required for moving the medium, and no energy for heating. This device can also be used to circulate air in buildings. In this case, the air is accelerated from the interior space of the greenhouse under controlled conditions without inputting energy, and is forced into an opening in the double wall at the foot of the longitudinal side of the building. and enters the interior space again through an opening in the ridge of the inner wall. The special isolating effect mentioned above is that when the heating medium reaches its condensation point during operation, a layer of condensate is formed on the surrounding surface which acts as an insulator.
本発明は一つの実施例により詳細に説明される。The invention will be explained in detail by one embodiment.
図示の実施例では、本発明が−っの温室を用いて説明さ
れているから、本発明の方法の過程の全体をよりよく理
解するため、以後この温室を空気熱温室と呼ぶことにす
る。この空気熱温室は公知の如く薄葉で形成され°た温
室であり、それの内側および外側の壁は同心的に重なり
あって配置されそしてこれらの壁の間には中空空間が形
成されている。壁２の足部には、空間、９に向き合って
、空気導入装置３が配置され、この装置は壁２の高さの
三分の一の処まで広がっている。空気導入装置３は、足
部の処に、高さの方向に広げることなく設けることも６
Ｊ能である。In the illustrated embodiment, the invention is explained using a greenhouse, which will henceforth be referred to as an aerothermal greenhouse in order to better understand the overall process of the method of the invention. This air-thermal greenhouse is, as is known, a greenhouse constructed of thin leaves, the inner and outer walls of which are arranged concentrically one on top of the other, and a hollow space is formed between these walls. At the foot of the wall 2, facing the space 9, an air introduction device 3 is arranged, which extends up to one-third of the height of the wall 2. The air introduction device 3 may be provided at the foot without expanding in the height direction6.
It is J-Noh.
空気導入装置３が壁２に取り付けられている接続点に噴
出口８が設けられており、これらの噴出口は、第２およ
び２ａ図に示されている様に、空気導入装置３が延長し
ている範囲に亙って、規則正しい間隔に位置する。一つ
の使用状態では、第１図に示す如く、温室の壁Ｉの棟の
処に開口５が配置されている。温室の内部の空気を循環
させる様にする場合には、空気導入装置３並びに噴射口
８はそのままで、温室の壁２の棟の処に開口５を設け、
温室の内部の空気を還流させる。従って、第１および１
８図に示された温室の実施例は、温室のそれぞれの棟の
処の開口５の配置により、技術的に相異なる運転が行な
われるという違いがある。第２図は、加熱のため、空気
導入装置３に供給導管４を結合して排気を供給する可能
性を示し、この際第２ａ図は温室の内部の空気の循環を
、外部からの空気の供給を遮断して、完全に閉鎖された
状態で実現する可能性を示している。この際内部空間の
空気は供給導管４の切妻壁６を通して供給される。At the connection point where the air introduction device 3 is attached to the wall 2, outlets 8 are provided, these outlets are provided with an extension of the air introduction device 3, as shown in Figures 2 and 2a. located at regular intervals over a range. In one use condition, as shown in FIG. 1, the opening 5 is arranged at the ridge of the wall I of the greenhouse. When the air inside the greenhouse is to be circulated, the air introduction device 3 and the injection port 8 are left as they are, and an opening 5 is provided at the ridge of the greenhouse wall 2.
Circulate the air inside the greenhouse. Therefore, the first and first
The greenhouse embodiment shown in FIG. 8 differs in that it operates technically differently due to the arrangement of the openings 5 in each wing of the greenhouse. FIG. 2 shows the possibility of connecting a supply conduit 4 to an air introduction device 3 for supplying exhaust air for heating, FIG. This shows the possibility of cutting off the supply and creating a complete shutdown. In this case, the air in the interior space is supplied through the gable wall 6 of the supply conduit 4.
運転が実施されると熱媒質は供給導管４を介して、薄葉
の幕の内部の空気導入装置３に加速運搬される。媒質は
それぞれの噴出口８を介して双方の壁１．２の間の空間
９の中に流れ込みそしてそれの熱エネルギーを引き渡し
た後で棟の範囲に位置するそれぞれの開口５をかいして
この空間を去る。技術的理由から壁６：７を有する切妻
ＩＯの中には空気配分導管４が配置されている。本発明
により形成された薄葉の幕を■いた研究の結果、内部空
間の温度は、外部の温度が一２０℃まで下かつてら、霜
が降りない温度に維持されていることが示されている。When operation is carried out, the heating medium is conveyed at an accelerated rate via the supply conduit 4 to the air introduction device 3 inside the foil curtain. The medium flows through the respective outlet 8 into the space 9 between the two walls 1.2 and, after transferring its thermal energy, passes through the respective opening 5 located in the area of the ridge to this. leave the space. For technical reasons, an air distribution line 4 is arranged in the gable IO with walls 6:7. Studies using thin leaf curtains formed according to the present invention have shown that the temperature inside the interior space is maintained at a frost-free temperature even when the outside temperature drops to 120 degrees Celsius. .
この際空気熱温室は倉庫建物の強制通風装置に接続され
ることも可能である。この場合には温室の温度湿度を調
整するのに付加的なエネルギーが必要でなくなる。空気
熱温室は、加熱時間が □経過した後で外側又は
内側の幕がそれらの長手軸の方向に引っ張られる様に構
成されており、斯くして一つの生産物の独立した二つの
温室が １適合する期間に使用可能になっている
。この際技術的な設備は互いに独立して設けられている
。In this case, the air-thermal greenhouse can also be connected to a forced ventilation system of the warehouse building. In this case, no additional energy is required to regulate the temperature and humidity of the greenhouse. Air thermal greenhouses are constructed in such a way that after a heating time □ the outer or inner curtains are pulled in the direction of their longitudinal axes, so that two independent greenhouses of one product are produced. Be available for use during a compatible period. In this case, the technical equipment is installed independently of each other.
空気熱温室が空気循環運転のために使用される場合には
、温室の内部空間から空気が吸引されそして空気導入装
置３を介して中間空間９の中に加速導入される。中間空
間９を一様に慣流した後で、空気は内側の壁２の棟の範
囲の開口５を介して再び温室の内部空間に侵入する。温
室の内部空間を加熱し或いは湿度を増加させるのは、公
知の加熱系および濯注系によっても、戊いは、例えば空
気加熱器又は噴射口を有するエヤーコンディショナーに
よっても行なわれる。If the air-thermal greenhouse is used for air circulation operation, air is drawn in from the interior space of the greenhouse and is accelerated into the intermediate space 9 via the air introduction device 3. After uniformly flowing through the intermediate space 9, the air again enters the interior space of the greenhouse via the openings 5 in the region of the ridges of the inner wall 2. Heating or increasing the humidity in the interior space of the greenhouse can take place by known heating and irrigation systems or, for example, by means of air heaters or air conditioners with jets.
空気熱温室の特性は、まず第一に熱絶縁度が高いことで
あり、そのことにより単位面積毎のエネルギー消費量が
著しく低下することである。The characteristics of an air-thermal greenhouse are, first of all, a high degree of thermal insulation, which significantly reduces the energy consumption per unit area.
熱絶縁の作用は、次に記載する様な隔離層の意図的な形
成によって惹起される。これらの層は外側から内側に順
に
１、外側の幕
２、外側の幕に付着した凝縮物又は氷の層３、幕の間の
空気の層
４、内側の幕に付着した外側の凝縮物の層５、内側の幕
６、内側の幕の内側の凝縮物の層
７、空気導入装置 である。The effect of thermal insulation is brought about by the deliberate formation of an insulating layer as described below. These layers, from outside to inside, are: 1, the outer curtain 2, a layer of condensate or ice adhering to the outer curtain 3, a layer of air between the curtains 4, and the outer condensate adhering to the inner curtain. layer 5, inner curtain 6, layer of condensate inside the inner curtain 7, air introduction device.
上記した様な特別の特徴を利用すれば、空気熱温室過程
を技術的に大なる費用をかけずに、従来の温室に適用す
ることが可能である。垂直な壁が改装されただけでも上
記した様な効果が得られる。By taking advantage of the special features mentioned above, it is possible to apply the aerothermal greenhouse process to conventional greenhouses without significant technical outlay. Just by renovating a vertical wall, the above effects can be obtained.
意図された隔離効果によって非常に良好な温度の一様性
が植物の範囲に達成される。Due to the intended isolation effect, a very good temperature uniformity is achieved over the plant area.
第１図は二重壁に形成された温室を断面図にて示し、第
１ａ図は第１図の温室の別の実施形態を示し、第２図は
第１図の温室の平面図の略図、第２ａ図は第１ａ図の温
室の平面図の略図、 １第３図は第１図の温室の部
分破断面斜視図である。図において
１．７・・・外側の壁
２．２’ 、６・・・内側の壁
３．３′ ・・・空気導入装置
５・・・開口
８・・・噴出口 である。FIG. 1 shows a double-walled greenhouse in cross-section, FIG. 1a shows an alternative embodiment of the greenhouse of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a plan view of the greenhouse of FIG. , FIG. 2a is a schematic plan view of the greenhouse of FIG. 1a, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the greenhouse of FIG. 1. In the figure, 1.7...outer wall 2.2', 6...inner wall 3.3'...air introduction device 5...opening 8...outlet.
Claims (1)
反対側の側面の足部から導き出 されることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲 第１項記載の方法。 １２）媒質は足部を介して二重壁の間に導入されそして
棟の処から流出することを特徴 とする、特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方法。 １３）媒質の量を調節することによって建築物の内部空
間の温度が調節されることを特 徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方 法。 １４）温度の調節が媒質の温度を操作することによって
行なわれることを特徴とする、 特許請求の範囲第１、１１または１２項記 載の方法。 １５）温度の調節が低エネルギーまたは高エネルギーの
液体或いは気体のエネルギー担 持体を付加することによって行なわれるこ とを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１項記 載の方法。 １６）二重壁の建築物、特に壁が薄葉で形成され、この
二重壁の間に媒質が導入される 二重壁の温室に気候的変化を与える 方法を実施する装 置において、建築物の内側の壁（２；６） と外側の壁（１；７）は、公知の態様で、 それらの間に一つの中空空間を形成し、こ の中空空間には空気導入装置（３）が配置 され、この空気導入装置は噴出口（８）を 有し、この噴出口は空気導入装置（３）が 延長している範囲に亙って規則正しく分布 し、その際若干の開口（５）が建築物の二 重壁に配置されていることを特徴とする装 置。 １７）壁（２）には、循環する空気を建築物の内部空間
に戻すための開口（５）が配置 されていることを特徴とする、特許請求の 範囲第１６項記載の装置。 １８）空気導入装置（３）は壁（１；２）の足部の範囲
に配置されていることを特徴と する、特許請求の範囲第１６項記載の装置。 １９）空気導入装置（３）は壁（２）の足部から壁（２
）の高さの三分の一の処まで広 がって配置されていることを特徴とする、 特許請求の範囲第１６項記載の装置。 ２０）全部又は一部が二重壁になっている温室では、空
気導入装置（３′）は壁（２′）の足部に配置されそし
て媒質の流れは、足 部から上方に向けられ、その際流入口が内 側の壁（２′）に配置されていることを特 徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１６項記載の 装置。 ２１）空気導入装置（３）の噴出口（８）は、空気導入
装置（３）が取り付けられている 内側の壁（２；２′）の上方の接続点に設 けられていることを特徴とする、特許請求 の範囲第６又は１８項記載の装置。[Claims] 1) A building having a wall consisting of an inner wall and an outer wall running parallel to this wall at a distance, in particular a double-walled greenhouse formed in this way. in which the internal space of a building is climatically modified by means of an untreated heating medium, in particular the exhaust from a mine shaft or the exhaust from a stable; Double layer of some condensate from one end of the building towards the other end along the axis of the building, guided between the walls and uniformly filling the spaces between these walls. The gaseous medium containing liquid, gas and/or solid components flows around the internal space of the building and is guided between the surfaces of the walls from some defined point. A method characterized by being led out of the space between the walls. 2) A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that when exhaust air is used, the exhaust gas is conducted into the atmosphere after flowing between the double walls. 3) Claims characterized in that, when using circulating air, the air from the interior space of the building is returned to the interior space of the building after flowing between the double walls. The method described in paragraph 1. 4) The medium is introduced from the interior space between the double walls and is condensed on the surface of these walls, with the condensate depositing as a solid or liquid mass. The method according to any one of the ranges 1 to 3. 5) Process according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that some separating layer is formed by a layer of condensate. 6) Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the components of the medium are deposited in solid or liquid mass inside the double wall of the building. 7) Process according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the condensate of the medium is removed. 8) Process according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the condensate is returned to a further thermal cycling process in order to recover the heat. 9) A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the condensate is supplied to the internal space in a technical process for exerting a physiological influence on the plant. 10) According to claim 1, the medium is introduced between the outer and inner walls of the foot of both longitudinal sides of the building and flows out from the ridge of the building. the method of. 11) A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the medium is introduced into the foot of the longitudinal side of the building and is drawn out from the foot of the opposite side. 12) Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the medium is introduced between the double walls via the foot and flows out from the ridge. 13) A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the interior space of the building is adjusted by adjusting the amount of medium. 14) A method according to claim 1, 11 or 12, characterized in that the temperature adjustment is carried out by manipulating the temperature of the medium. 15) Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature adjustment is carried out by adding a low- or high-energy liquid or gaseous energy carrier. 16) In a device for carrying out a method of imparting a climatic change to a double-walled building, in particular a double-walled greenhouse, where the walls are formed of thin leaves and a medium is introduced between the double walls, The inner wall (2; 6) and the outer wall (1; 7) form a hollow space between them in a known manner, in which the air introduction device (3) is arranged. , this air introduction device has an outlet (8), which is distributed regularly over the extent of the extension of the air introduction device (3), with some openings (5) forming a part of the building. A device characterized in that it is arranged in a double wall of. 17) Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the wall (2) is arranged with openings (5) for returning the circulating air to the interior space of the building. 18) Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the air introduction device (3) is arranged in the area of the foot of the wall (1; 2). 19) The air introduction device (3) connects the wall (2) from the foot of the wall (2).
17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that the device is arranged to extend up to one-third of the height of the device. 20) In greenhouses that are fully or partially double-walled, the air introduction device (3') is arranged at the foot of the wall (2') and the flow of the medium is directed upwards from the foot; 17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the inlet is arranged in the inner wall (2'). 21) The outlet (8) of the air introduction device (3) is provided at a connection point above the inner wall (2; 2') on which the air introduction device (3) is attached. 19. The device according to claim 6 or 18.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD85279994A DD250847A3 (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1985-05-10 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CLIMATIC INFLUENCE OF THE INTERIOR OF DOUBLE-WALLED ANCHORAGE HOUSES |
| DD01G/279994-4 | 1985-05-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6226424A true JPS6226424A (en) | 1987-02-04 |
Family
ID=5570770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61105032A Pending JPS6226424A (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1986-05-09 | Method and device for giving building with double wall climatic change |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6226424A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD250847A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3613050A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK191486A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2581738B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2176590B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1637031A4 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2009-05-27 | Asahi Glass Green Tech Company | Transparent resin film roof and building using the same |
| GR1008678B (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-02-03 | Αστεριος Δημητριου Δαϊος | Double plastic sheet for the covering of agricultural cultivations |
| CA2882972A1 (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-08-24 | Gaston Beaulieu | Vertically integrated industrial scale multilevel closed ecosystem greenhouse |
| DE202015101447U1 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-06-21 | Wahl Besitz GbR (vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter Jürgen Wahl, 87463 Dietmannsried) | An animal shelter |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB556254A (en) * | ||||
| GB434332A (en) * | 1934-06-30 | 1935-08-29 | Jan Jacobus De Ridder | Improvements in the heating or cooling of buildings by the circulation of air |
| GB710898A (en) * | 1951-01-06 | 1954-06-23 | Pressed Steel Car Company Inc | Improvements in structural body to provide temperature conditioned spaces |
| DE1202458B (en) * | 1957-04-08 | 1965-10-07 | Janine Lysiane Claude | Device for air conditioning, thermal insulation and sound insulation of a building, component for this and wall made of such components |
| GB1008518A (en) * | 1961-09-27 | 1965-10-27 | Reynolds Metals Co | Panel Construction and Method of Making the Same |
| SE384913B (en) * | 1974-03-27 | 1976-05-24 | Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab | DEVICE FOR THE UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY FOR HEATING BUILDINGS |
| AT355848B (en) * | 1978-05-16 | 1980-03-25 | Novex Foreign Trade Co Ltd | GLASSHOUSE |
| DE2932170A1 (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1980-08-21 | Haugeneder Hans | BUILDING SHELL |
| FR2457448A1 (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1980-12-19 | Saint Gobain | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HEATING PREMISES AND WATER USED IN SUCH PREMISES |
| ATE9247T1 (en) * | 1979-11-07 | 1984-09-15 | Karl Dipl.-Ing. Assmann | DEVICE FOR USING THE HEAT RADIATION OF THE SUN. |
| GB2064744B (en) * | 1979-11-29 | 1983-09-07 | Wedgewood R B | Crop drying facilities |
| DE3325913A1 (en) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-01-31 | Ernst-Ulrich 3400 Göttingen Gödde | Agricultural building and method for the air-conditioning thereof |
-
1985
- 1985-05-10 DD DD85279994A patent/DD250847A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-04-17 DE DE19863613050 patent/DE3613050A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-04-24 DK DK191486A patent/DK191486A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-05-07 FR FR868606669A patent/FR2581738B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-09 GB GB8611319A patent/GB2176590B/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-09 JP JP61105032A patent/JPS6226424A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3613050A1 (en) | 1986-12-18 |
| DK191486A (en) | 1986-11-11 |
| GB8611319D0 (en) | 1986-06-18 |
| GB2176590A (en) | 1986-12-31 |
| DD250847A3 (en) | 1987-10-28 |
| FR2581738A1 (en) | 1986-11-14 |
| GB2176590B (en) | 1989-07-12 |
| DK191486D0 (en) | 1986-04-24 |
| FR2581738B1 (en) | 1989-07-13 |
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