JPS62261725A - Clutch facing - Google Patents
Clutch facingInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62261725A JPS62261725A JP10471586A JP10471586A JPS62261725A JP S62261725 A JPS62261725 A JP S62261725A JP 10471586 A JP10471586 A JP 10471586A JP 10471586 A JP10471586 A JP 10471586A JP S62261725 A JPS62261725 A JP S62261725A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cashew dust
- rubber
- clutch
- clutch facing
- dust
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019492 Cashew oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940059459 cashew oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010467 cashew oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、主として乾式クラッチのクラッチディスクに
使用されるフェーシングに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates primarily to facings used for clutch discs of dry clutches.
乾式クラッチは、手動変速ギアを備えた自動車などでエ
ンジンと変速ギアとの間に介在し、駆動力を断続するも
ので、駆動軸に掛合するクラッチディスクとこのクラッ
チディスクに当接するプレッシャプレートおよびフライ
ホイールを有している。クラッチディスクはセンタープ
レートの両面にクラッチフェーシングが固着された構成
となっている。A dry clutch is interposed between the engine and the transmission gear in a car equipped with a manual transmission gear, etc., and connects and disconnects the driving force.A dry clutch is a device that connects the engine and the transmission gear, and connects the clutch disc that engages with the drive shaft, and the pressure plate and flywheel that come into contact with the clutch disc. Has wheels. The clutch disc consists of a center plate with clutch facings fixed to both sides.
従来、クラッチフェーシングはアスベスト繊維、アラミ
ド繊維、ガラス繊維等の紐に結合樹脂を含浸させ、カシ
ューダストやゴムダスト等の有機成分および沈降性硫酸
バリウム等の無機成分の添加剤を付着させた後、円盤状
に巻いたものを成形し使用している。しかしアスベスト
が人体に対し有害であるという報告が出てからは、アス
ベストを含まないクラッチフェーシングの研究が進めら
れている。Conventionally, clutch facings are made by impregnating strings of asbestos fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, etc. with binding resin, adhering additives such as organic components such as cashew dust and rubber dust, and inorganic components such as precipitated barium sulfate, and then forming a disk. It is used after being rolled into a shape. However, since reports emerged that asbestos is harmful to the human body, research into clutch facings that do not contain asbestos has been progressing.
従来のクラッチフェーシング、特にアスベストを含まな
いクラッチフェーシングは、高熱で繰り返して使用した
場合の性能が良くない、特にシャダー性能が充分でない
。なお、シャダー（ｊｕｄｄｅｒ）とは車両の発進時に
起きる異常振動で、クラッチを介して継続されている駆
動軸と被駆動軸との間の捩れ振動が車体各部を伝播し、
運転者に伝わる不快な振動のことである。Conventional clutch facings, especially clutch facings that do not contain asbestos, do not perform well when used repeatedly at high temperatures, especially their shudder performance is not sufficient. Note that shudder is an abnormal vibration that occurs when the vehicle starts, and the torsional vibration between the drive shaft and driven shaft that is continued via the clutch propagates through various parts of the vehicle body.
This refers to unpleasant vibrations that are transmitted to the driver.
シャダーが発生する原因は数々あるが、本発明はクラッ
チフェーシングの摩擦特性を改良することにより、シャ
ダーの発生を抑制しようとするものである。Although there are many causes for the occurrence of shudder, the present invention attempts to suppress the occurrence of shudder by improving the friction characteristics of the clutch facing.
本発明者らはシャダーの発生原因がクラッチフェーシン
グの性能に起因する場合があることに着目し、その研究
をした結果、以下のことを見出した。すなわちシャダー
が発生しやすいクラッチフェーシングの性能は、一般的
に■温度により摩擦係数（ＰＬ値）が変わる温度依存性
が大きいこと、■摩擦係数が高すぎること、■摩耗しに
くいことが挙げられる。一方、クラッチフェーシングの
摩擦調整用の添加剤として混入されている通常のカシュ
ーダストの代りにゴム変性カシューダストを使用したタ
ラッチフーーシングは、摩擦係数が比較的高く、摩耗し
にくいが、摩擦係数の温度依存性が小さいという特性を
有していることが解った。シャダー発生の一般的原因（
前記■〜■）からすると、ゴム変性カシューダストを使
用したクラッチフェーシングは、その原因を全て希釈す
る特性ではないが、実装上はシャダーが抑制される傾向
があるという知見を得た。The present inventors have focused on the fact that the cause of shudder may be due to the performance of the clutch facing, and as a result of research, they have found the following. That is, the performance of clutch facings that tend to cause shudder is generally listed as: (1) high temperature dependence in which the coefficient of friction (PL value) changes depending on temperature; (2) the coefficient of friction is too high; and (2) it is difficult to wear. On the other hand, taratch facings that use rubber-modified cashew dust instead of regular cashew dust, which is mixed as an additive for friction adjustment in clutch facings, have a relatively high friction coefficient and are less prone to wear. It was found that the temperature dependence of the temperature is small. Common causes of shudder (
Based on (1) to (2) above, it was found that the clutch facing using rubber-modified cashew dust does not have the characteristic of completely diluting the causes of shudder, but it tends to suppress shudder in terms of mounting.
上記の知見の下になされた本発明のクラッチフェーシン
グは、ｍ雑成分、熱硬化性樹脂、カシューダストおよび
無機質粉末充填剤を含み、前記カシューダストのうち少
なくとも一部がゴム変性カシューダストであり、そのゴ
ム変性カシューダストは３０〜５０重量％のゴム成分が
混練されていることを特徴としている。The clutch facing of the present invention, which was made based on the above knowledge, includes m miscellaneous components, a thermosetting resin, cashew dust, and an inorganic powder filler, and at least a part of the cashew dust is rubber-modified cashew dust, The rubber-modified cashew dust is characterized by being kneaded with 30 to 50% by weight of a rubber component.
繊維成分とは、例えばガラス繊維、スラグウール、金属
繊維、アラミド繊維、カイノール繊維、カーボン繊維な
どのなかから一種または複数種を混合したものである。The fiber component is one or a mixture of two or more of glass fibers, slag wool, metal fibers, aramid fibers, Kynol fibers, carbon fibers, and the like.
これらにコツトン、レーヨンなどを混合してもよい。熱
硬化性樹脂は１例えばフェノール樹脂、各種変性フェノ
ール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂を使用できる。Cotton, rayon, etc. may be mixed with these. As the thermosetting resin, for example, phenol resin, various modified phenol resins, melamine resin, and epoxy resin can be used.
無機質粉末充填剤は、例えば硫酸バリウム粉末、炭酸カ
ルシウム、シリカなどである。Examples of the inorganic powder filler include barium sulfate powder, calcium carbonate, and silica.
カシューダストの一部または全部を構成するゴム変性カ
シューダストは、以下■〜■の工程により造られるもの
である。■カシュー油を精製する。■その油をホルムア
ルデヒドまたはフルフラールなどと縮重合する。■それ
を酸またはアルカリと混合する。■−次硬化して半練り
状にする。■半練りの一次硬化物とゴム成分とを混練す
る。■混線物を加硫硬化する。■硬化した塊状物を粉砕
し、ダストを得る。■の工程で半練りの一次硬化物に混
練されるゴムの重量比率は、１：１〜２：ｌが好ましい
。Rubber-modified cashew dust, which constitutes part or all of cashew dust, is produced by the following steps (1) to (2). ■Refining cashew oil. ■ Condensate the oil with formaldehyde or furfural. ■ Mix it with acid or alkali. ■-Next, harden to a semi-kneaded state. ■ Knead the semi-kneaded primary cured product and the rubber component. ■Vulcanize and harden the mixed material. ■Crush the hardened lumps to obtain dust. The weight ratio of the rubber kneaded into the semi-kneaded primary cured product in step (2) is preferably 1:1 to 2:1.
カシューダストのうち一部を前記のゴム変性カシューダ
ストを使用した場合は、残部を精製→重合→混合→硬化
→粉砕の工程で製造される通常のカシューダストにする
。または他の物質によって変性したカシューダストを用
いてもよい。When part of the cashew dust is the rubber-modified cashew dust, the rest is made into ordinary cashew dust produced through the steps of purification, polymerization, mixing, curing, and pulverization. Alternatively, cashew dust modified with other substances may be used.
クラッチフェーシングを製造するには、各原料を所定量
混合し、予備成形してから加熱成形する。それを熱処理
（アフタベーキング）してできた成形品の表面を研摩し
、必要な孔開けなどをしてクラッチフェーシングが得ら
れる。To manufacture clutch facings, predetermined amounts of each raw material are mixed, preformed, and then heated. After baking, the surface of the molded product is polished and the necessary holes are drilled to obtain the clutch facing.
本発明のクラッチフェーシングは、カシューダストの一
部または全部をゴム変性カシューダストにしたことによ
り、摩擦係数が比較的高く、摩耗しにくい特性は変わら
ないが、摩擦係数の温度依存性が小さくなる。そのため
、シャダー性能が良くなる。The clutch facing of the present invention has a relatively high coefficient of friction by using rubber-modified cashew dust as part or all of the cashew dust, and although the property of being resistant to wear does not change, the temperature dependence of the coefficient of friction is reduced. Therefore, the shudder performance is improved.
以下、本発明を適用するクラッチフェーシングの実施例
を詳細に説明する。Embodiments of clutch facings to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail below.
下記の第１表にはクラッチフェーシングの各側の配合組
成比率（重量％）と製造条件が示しである。また第２表
には各側の性能試験の結果を示しである。これらの表で
実施例１〜実施例４は本発明を適用した例、比較例１・
比較例２は本発明を適用外の例である。Table 1 below shows the composition ratio (% by weight) and manufacturing conditions for each side of the clutch facing. Table 2 also shows the results of performance tests on each side. In these tables, Examples 1 to 4 are examples in which the present invention is applied, and Comparative Examples 1 and 4 are examples in which the present invention is applied.
Comparative Example 2 is an example to which the present invention is not applicable.
各側のクラッチフェーシングは以下のようにして製造さ
れる。先ず、ａｍ、樹脂、カシューダストおよび粉末充
填剤を第１表に示す重量比に坪量し、これを混合する。The clutch facings on each side are manufactured as follows. First, am, resin, cashew dust, and powder filler are weighted to the weight ratio shown in Table 1 and mixed.
混合物は金型に入れて加圧し予備成形する。その予備成
形物を加熱成形する。加熱成形の温度は１５０〜２００
℃、圧力は１００〜３００Ｋｇ／（Ｈ＠２、成形時間は
１〜ｌＯ分である。さらに熱処理（アフタベーキング、
通常１５０〜３００℃、処理時間３〜１６時間）して成
形が終了する。この成形品の表面を研摩し、必要な孔開
などをしてクラッチフェーシングが得られる。なお、こ
のクラッチフェーシングはセンタープレートの両側にリ
ベｙ トにより取付けられて、クラッチディスクの主要
構成部分が完成する。The mixture is placed in a mold and pressurized to preform. The preform is heat formed. The temperature of heating molding is 150-200℃
℃, the pressure is 100-300Kg/(H@2, the molding time is 1-10 minutes, and the heat treatment (after baking,
(usually at 150 to 300° C. for 3 to 16 hours), and the molding is completed. A clutch facing is obtained by polishing the surface of this molded product and making necessary holes. The clutch facings are attached to both sides of the center plate with rebates to complete the main components of the clutch disc.
第２表に示す摩擦性能の摩擦係数用の試験はダイナモ試
験機にて行う。試験機の回転数は１８００ＲＰＭ、試験
片のサイズは２００ｍｍφである。なお初期フェードと
は、クラッチ断続を４０〜５０サイクル繰り返した後に
起きるフェード現象でこの用が大きいほど初期摩擦係数
の川に近く、両者の川が一致していればフェードはなし
ということになる。The friction coefficient test of the friction performance shown in Table 2 is conducted using a dynamo testing machine. The rotation speed of the testing machine was 1800 RPM, and the size of the test piece was 200 mmφ. Note that initial fade is a fade phenomenon that occurs after 40 to 50 cycles of clutch engagement and engagement, and the larger the fade, the closer it is to the initial friction coefficient, and if both rivers match, there will be no fade.
この第２表でも解るように、実施例１〜実施例４のクラ
ッチフェーシングは、比較例１Φ比較例２のクラッチフ
ェーシングに比べて、安定期用の最大重が小さい。すな
わち摩擦係数の温度依存性が小さい、なお安定期ルの最
大重とは、クラッチの使用状態において長く続く環境（
１００〜３００℃）での摩擦係数用の最大値と最小値と
の差である。As can be seen from Table 2, the clutch facings of Examples 1 to 4 have a smaller maximum weight during the stable period than the clutch facing of Comparative Example 1Φ Comparative Example 2. In other words, the temperature dependence of the coefficient of friction is small, and the maximum load in the stable period is the environment in which the clutch is used for a long time (
is the difference between the maximum and minimum values for the coefficient of friction at temperatures between 100 and 300°C.
また実施例１〜実施例４のクラッチフェーシングは、比
較例１・比較例２のクラッチフェーシングに比べて、初
期摩擦係数用が高い傾向にあり、摩耗量は少ない傾向に
ある。にも拘らずシャダー性能が良いのは、摩擦係数の
温度依存性の小さいことがシャダー性能の改良に大きく
貢献しているためと考えられる。Furthermore, the clutch facings of Examples 1 to 4 tend to have higher initial friction coefficients and less wear than the clutch facings of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Despite this, the reason why the shudder performance is good is considered to be that the small temperature dependence of the friction coefficient greatly contributes to the improvement of the shudder performance.
（以下余白）
第１表 配合組成比率および製造条件
第２表 性 能
〔発明の効果〕
以上説明した通り、本発明を適用したクラッチフェーシ
ングは、摩擦係数の温度依存性が小さいため、シャダー
性能が良くなっている。しかも摩擦係数が比較的高いた
め、応答性の良いクラッチを構成できる。また長期使用
後の摩耗量が小さいため、長寿命である。すなわちクラ
ッチフェーシングとして極めて優れた性質のものである
。(Leaving space below) Table 1 Composition ratio and manufacturing conditions Table 2 Performance [Effects of the invention] As explained above, the clutch facing to which the present invention is applied has a small temperature dependence of the friction coefficient, so the shudder performance is improved. It's getting better. Moreover, since the coefficient of friction is relatively high, a clutch with good responsiveness can be constructed. Furthermore, since the amount of wear after long-term use is small, it has a long life. In other words, it has extremely excellent properties as a clutch facing.
Claims (1)
無機質粉末充填剤を含み、前記カシューダストのうち少
なくとも一部がゴム変性カシューダストであり、そのゴ
ム変性カシューダストは３０〜５０重量％のゴム成分が
混練されていることを特徴とするクラッチフェーシング
。1. Fiber component, thermosetting resin, cashew dust, and
1. A clutch facing comprising an inorganic powder filler, wherein at least a portion of the cashew dust is rubber-modified cashew dust, and the rubber-modified cashew dust is kneaded with 30 to 50% by weight of a rubber component.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10471586A JPS62261725A (en) | 1986-05-09 | 1986-05-09 | Clutch facing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10471586A JPS62261725A (en) | 1986-05-09 | 1986-05-09 | Clutch facing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62261725A true JPS62261725A (en) | 1987-11-13 |
| JPH0331941B2 JPH0331941B2 (en) | 1991-05-09 |
Family
ID=14388178
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10471586A Granted JPS62261725A (en) | 1986-05-09 | 1986-05-09 | Clutch facing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62261725A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0812770A (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-16 | Aisin Chem Co Ltd | Friction material |
| WO2019011374A1 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-17 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Friction lining |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5187549A (en) * | 1975-01-30 | 1976-07-31 | Asahi Ishiwata Kogyo Kk | MASATSUZAIRYO |
| JPS56147879A (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1981-11-17 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Friction material |
-
1986
- 1986-05-09 JP JP10471586A patent/JPS62261725A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5187549A (en) * | 1975-01-30 | 1976-07-31 | Asahi Ishiwata Kogyo Kk | MASATSUZAIRYO |
| JPS56147879A (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1981-11-17 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Friction material |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0812770A (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-16 | Aisin Chem Co Ltd | Friction material |
| WO2019011374A1 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-17 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Friction lining |
| DE102017115877A1 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-17 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | friction lining |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0331941B2 (en) | 1991-05-09 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |