JPS62261048A - Printed circuit board inspecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the setting of optimum allowable values for respective parts, by altering the allowable values for the parts in a reference data memorized in a memory section based on an allowable value data for each part. CONSTITUTION:This inspecting device is made up of an X-Y table section 14, a photography section 15 and a processing section 16 in which a teaching table 25, an image processing section 26, an X-Y stage controller 27, a keyboard 30 and the like are controlled by a CPU31 to process various data. A measured data as obtained by photographing a printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected by the photography section 15 is compared with a reference data memorized in the teaching table 25 as memory section to inspect a part 13b on the circuit board 10-2. Then, the CPU31 identifies the lengthwise direction of the part 13b to detect the distance between pats and generates an allowable value data for each part corresponding thereto to automatically alter the setting of allowable values for parts in a reference data memorized in the teaching table 25 based on the data.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention compares reference data input in advance with measurement data obtained by testing the printed circuit board to be inspected. The present invention relates to a printed circuit board inspection device that inspects the above components.

(Prior art) When automatic mounting is used when mounting various scale depth components such as resistors and semiconductor devices on the print base, it is possible that the components may not be mounted according to the mount data after mounting. be.

For this reason, when using such an automatic mounting device, etc., check the printed circuit board on the mount (mount) and make sure that the correct position (position, It is necessary to inspect whether it is mounted [・direction) and whether it has fallen off.

However, this type of inspection must be done manually as in the past.
However, if one-visual inspection is performed, there are problems in that it is not possible to completely eliminate the occurrence of inspection errors, and it is not possible to increase the inspection speed.

Therefore, in recent years, various manufacturers have proposed various automatic inspection devices for printed boards that can automatically perform this type of inspection.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of such an automatic inspection device.

The automatic inspection device shown in this figure compares FA semi-data inputted in advance with inspection data obtained by imaging the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected and outputs the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected.
This automatically checks whether all the parts 2-1 to 2-n are placed on the top and whether or not these parts 22-1 to 2-rl are misaligned. It includes a keyboard 3, a storage section 4, a TV camera 5, a processing section 6, and a display section 7.

The board 3 is equipped with various keys such as function keys and digital keys, and is used to store reference data when the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected is inspected by an operator, that is, the parts 2 on the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected. 1-2-
n color data, installation is position data, installation is posture data,
Based on each feature data such as shape data, and each of these feature data, the print to be inspected 1. When the tolerance data etc. necessary for inspecting the quality of each part 2-1 to 2-n on the board 1F are input, these data are stored in the storage unit 4.
supply to.

The storage section 4 is equipped with a RAM (random access memory), etc., and stores each data supplied from the board 3, and also supplies this to the processing section 6.

The processing unit 6 processes the image of the printed circuit board 1 to be inspected obtained by the TV camera 5, and prints this printed circuit board t to be inspected.
, on board 1, each part 2-1~2
-n characteristic data ('I! The respective parts 2-1 to 2 are supplied to the section 7.
-The pass/fail status of n is displayed.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such a conventional automatic inspection device, since the same allowable one shift was used for all of the parts 2-1 to 2-n, their positional deviations If the tolerance value is set according to the component with a small tolerance value, as shown in FIG.
There is a problem in that even when a is slightly misaligned, the device considers it to be a misaligned component.

Furthermore, if the work volume value is set according to the part 2a with a large positional deviation tolerance value, this part 2 will be misaligned with respect to the part 2b with a small land 8 as shown in FIG. 9(B). Even if this occurs, it is considered to be within the j1 volume value absolute range.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a printed circuit board inspection system that can set the maximum allowable value for each component.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the printed circuit board inspection apparatus according to the present invention uses standard data stored in the storage section and measurement data obtained by In a printed circuit board inspection device that inspects the components on the printed circuit board to be inspected by comparing data with The present invention is characterized by comprising a control section that changes the volume value of each component-1 in the reference data stored in the storage section based on the storage section.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a printed circuit board inspection apparatus according to the present invention.

The printed circuit board inspection equipment 4 shown in this figure includes an X-Y table section 14, an image removal section 15, and a processing section 16.
Optimal tolerance data is automatically set for each component according to the direction of each component 13b on the printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected and the component spacing.

The X-Y table section 14 is connected to the control section 2 from the processing section 16.
), one X-Y table is driven in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by each of these pulse motors 17 and 18, and this
- A bin 20a for determining the position δ of a printed circuit board installed on the Y table 19.

20b, each of the printed circuit boards 10-1.
10-2 on X-Y7-7/l/19 11! When
The printed circuit boards 10-1 and 10-2 are positioned by fitting the pins 20a and 20b into the mounting holes formed in the printed circuit boards 10-1 and 10-2.

The image carrying section 15 is installed above the X-Y table section 14.
A color TV camera 21 that can be viewed, and a ring illumination device 22 that is provided on the front side of the lens of this color TV camera 21.
and each of the printed circuit boards 10-1.10-
2 is illuminated by the ring illumination device 22 while being turned into an R image by the color TV camera 21, and the image signal obtained by this imaging operation is supplied to the processing section 16.

The processing unit 16 creates a window (data import window) according to the position and shape of each part from the part information input using a teaching board or the like. Tolerance data for each component is created according to the spacing, etc., and then, using this window, the reference print 1 - substrate 10 - supplied from the image carrier 15 is created.
The characteristic parameters of each component 13a, 13b are extracted from the gtiJ image signal of 1 and the image signal of the printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected, and by comparing these characteristic parameters, the printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected is All parts on top 1
3b is mounted correctly without any discrepancies, and includes a Δ/D conversion section 23, a memory 24, a teaching table 25, and an image processing section 26.
, an X-Y storage controller 27, a CRT display 28, a printer 29, etc., a keyboard 30, and a control unit (CPU) 31.

A/1] When the converter 23 is supplied with the image signal from the image carrier 15, it converts it into A/D\! (analog-to-digital conversion) to create one-plane image data, which is sent to the control unit 3.
Supply to 1.

Furthermore, the memory 2/H is configured to include a RAM (random access memory), etc., and is used as a work area for the control section 31.

The image processing unit 26 is configured to binarize the image data using the threshold when it is supplied with image data and a threshold via the control unit 31, and the binarization result (2Iff image data) is supplied to the control section 31.

Furthermore, the teaching table 25 is equipped with a floppy disk device, etc., as described above! When various data files, etc. are supplied from the 1li1 section 31, they are stored, and when the control section 31 outputs a transfer request, the data files, etc. are read out in response to this request, and this is stored in the II.
It is supplied to the I+ control section 31, etc.

Further, the X-Y stage controller 27 is connected to the control section 3.
1 and the X-Y table section 14, and the control section 3
The X-Y table unit 14 is controlled based on the output of 1.

The CRT display 28 is equipped with a cathode ray tube (CRT) and receives image data from the control section 31.

When supplied with judgment and unity, this will be displayed on the screen.

Further, when the printer 29 is supplied with the judgment result list from the control section 31, it prints it out in a predetermined format.

In addition, the keyboard 30 is used for operating information (y) the above! ! The semi-printed board is also equipped with a filter related to the T-board 10-1 and various keys necessary for inputting data related to the component 13a on this reference printed circuit board 10-1, and information input from this keyboard 30 is provided. data, etc. are supplied to Shiri Shinto 31.

The control unit 31 is equipped with a microphone [], etc.
[B1] Based on Durham, the above Δ/
l) Controls the conversion unit 23 to keyboard 30, and controls each FF
-j''-data is processed t, :.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained with reference to the flow chart shown in FIGS. 2 (Δ), (B) jj, and FIG. 3.

First, as soon as a new printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected is inspected, the control unit 31 initializes each part of the circuit in step ST1 of the flowchart (main flowchart of teaching operation) shown in FIG. , after making these into teaching boards, the window creation routine 35 shown in FIG. 2(B) is called in step ST2, and in step ST3 of this routine, the CRT display 28 is
displays a message requesting vertical and horizontal tolerances for each part.

Then, the operator inputs the vertical direction tolerance 11a (for example, a=0.5 imaging) and the horizontal direction tolerance (i'ib (for example, b=0.3) of each component via the keyboard 30. For example, the controller 31 takes this information and stores it as standard permissible value data in the vertical and horizontal directions for all parts.

Next, the control unit 31 asks how to create a window screen file necessary for extracting a partial image in step ST4.

Here, if the operator instructs to create a window screen file using the teaching board and sets the teaching board on the X-Y table section 14, the control section 31 branches from this step ST4 to step ST5, and performs the following steps. to control the X-Y table section 14 and move the image transport section 1
5 conveys an image on the first divided area of the teaching board, and the image signal obtained by the image movement is converted into a digital signal (image data) by the A/1 converter 23.

In this case, the teaching board is a specially made component mounting board in order to teach the device the component position and component shape, and the component location information is obtained from the image data obtained by imaging this. In order to easily extract shape information,
The east board part is painted black, and its parts are painted white.

Next, the III+ control section 31 transfers the image data to the image processing section 26 in the SFT ST6 to convert this image data into 211, and the SFT ST7 assigns a label (identification number) to each part image obtained from the 2 LFJ conversion result. )
Get 1.

After this, the a11 control unit 31 checks in step ST8 whether there are any parts that have been labeled redundantly, and if a new label has been added to a part that has already been given a label, this label is remove.

Next, the υ+a unit 31 checks whether the number of parts newly labeled in step ST9 matches the number of parts entered via the keyboard 30, and if they match, , In step 5T10, the aspect ratio of each component image is inspected, and the better one is recognized as the vertical direction (electrode direction) of the component.

Thereafter, the control unit 31 creates a window 37 as shown in FIG. 4 from the component image, that is, a window 37 that matches the position and shape of each component, and in step 5TII creates a window 37 that matches the position and shape of each component, and in step 5TII, creates a window 37 as shown in FIG. A file is created in which the standard tolerance data in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are made to correspond to each other, and this file is stored in the teaching table 25 as a window screen file.

Next, in step STI 2, the control unit 31 checks whether the processing of all the divided areas on the teaching board has been completed, and if there are any divided areas that have not been processed yet, the process starts from step 5T12. Returning to step ST5, the above-described process is executed for the remaining divided areas.

Then, when the processing is completed for all divided areas, the control unit 31 performs steps 5-T12 to 5-T12.
The process branches to T16, where distance data between the windows 37 is obtained.

Next, in step 5T17, the control unit 31 determines the displacement tolerance 1-rear 33 of each component (this displacement tolerance area 33 is in the vertical direction,
[Horizontal standard] Determine whether or not they overlap (depending on the capacity value data), and if they do not overlap as shown in Figure 5 (A), then (It is judged that there is no need to change the history of iFi data. Also, as shown in Fig. 5 (8)
3 overlaps, it is determined that it is necessary to change the correction value f-ta'P2, and the i1 value data between these windows 37 is reduced, and as shown in FIG. 5(C), each position is Displacement allowable areas 33 are prevented from overlapping.

Next, the control unit 31 rewrites the window screen file using this tolerance data as new tolerance data for these parts.

After this, the control unit 31 executes this window creation routine 3.
5 and step 5T of the main flowchart.
Return to 1B.

Further, in step ST4, if the operator instructs to create a window screen file from the component information mask and sets the component position mask in the X-Y table section 14, the control section 31 will control Then, the X-Y table unit 14 is controlled 11J to image the first divided area of the component position mask 'i!'. Let me do it.

In this case, as the component position mask, the reference printed circuit board 10-1, the actual size drawing created when creating this reference printed circuit board 10-1, etc. are used.

The image signal obtained by using this component position mask as a decoy is converted into image data by the A/D converter 23, and then supplied to the controller 31 and displayed on the CR1 display 28.

Here, while looking at the screen displayed on the CR1 display 28, the operator operates the arrow keys (or the mouse '!9) on the keyboard 30 to select each component image displayed on the screen. If you specify 1 point for each item, &'l t
ill part 31 c';1. r Tsu7 S T 14
The point 1 to instruction information of TeL is taken in, and based on this information, the contours of the part images displayed on both sides are known.

Then, by this point instruction operation, the input of the part contours for all the part pictures rp displayed on the CR1 display 28 is completed, and when the operator presses the end key, 1
In step 5T15, the 111111 section 31 labels each component outline.

After this, the control unit 31 performs step ST8a-5.
At T11a, the same process as in Steps ST8 to ST5T11 is performed to recognize the direction of each component from the component outline, and to create a window for each component. direction,
The IIA quasi-permissible value data in the horizontal direction is stored in the teaching table 25 as a window screen file.

Next, in step ST12a, the control unit 31 checks whether the processing of all the divided areas of the component position mask has been completed, and repeats steps 5T13 to ST12a until the above-mentioned processing is completed for all the divided areas. do.

When the processing of all divided areas is completed, the control unit 31
Branches from the step 5T12a to step 5T16, and after performing the above-described correction process of the tolerance data in this step 5T16 and the next step 5T17,
The process branches to step 5T18 of the main flowchart.

Further, in step ST4, if the operator instructs to create a window screen file by using other data such as mount data, the control section 31 branches from step ST4 to step 5T16.

Then, in this step 5T16 and the next step 5T17, the control unit 31 performs 1' from the mount data etc.
After performing correction processing of the hit tolerance data for each component information that has been updated, the main flowchart
Return to step 5T18.

Next item, i, 11m part 311. i, this step 5T1
8, the message message is displayed on the CRTA display 28, and the operator is instructed to
"Window 37 and positional deviation tolerance" - Rear 3
Ask if all of 3 needs to be corrected.

Here, if the operator inputs via the -V-board 30 that it is safe to pressurize all windows, the control unit 31
The process branches from this step ST18 to step 5T19, where the window information for all parts in the window screen file in the eyeing team 25 is recorded in the reprocessing table, and then the process proceeds to step ST19. 2
Proceed to step 2.

Also, if there is no need for the operator to modify the information regarding all windows in step ST18, the control unit 31 [in step ST18]
The process branches to step 5T28 via step 5T20.

Further, in step 5T18, if the operator inputs that it is necessary to modify only a part of the information regarding all windows, the control unit 31 branches to step 5T21 via step 5T18 and step 5T20, and then proceeds to step 5T21. After registering window information regarding the window for which modification is requested in the window screen file in the teaching table 25 in the reprocessing table, the process proceeds to step 5T22.

Then, in step 5T22, the control section 31 checks whether the reference printed circuit board 10-1 is set on the X-Y table 19, and if it is set, controls the X-Y table section 14. A divided area corresponding to the window information on the reprocessing table of the reference printed circuit board 10-1 is imaged, and the image signal obtained thereby is supplied to the CRT display 28 to display the divided area image. At the same time, in step 5T23, the window information in the reprocessing data blue 1 is read out, this window information is supplied to the CRT display 28, and the r window 3 and positional deviation allowable area 33 indicated by this window information are displayed. The reference printed circuit board 1
It is displayed superimposed on the 0-1 divided image.

Next, in step 5T24, the control unit 31 changes each window displayed on the CRT display 281 to
By changing the color of the label with small filling (or by pointing the arrow cursor), this window 37 is now
Art. ■ Inform the operator that it is a target.

Here, the operator responds to this window 37 or this window 37 via the keyboard 30 (ζ
If it is input that it is necessary to correct the r deviation tolerance area 33, the control unit 31 moves from step 5T24 to step S.
The process branches to 1-25, where the shape and position of this window, the n volume value data, etc. related to this window are corrected based on the correction instruction command input from the V-board 30, and after this, the correction ends. The window information obtained is stored in the teaching table 25.

Further, in the step 5T24, if the operator inputs that there is no need to hollow the window 37 that is currently the opposite number, or the positional deviation allowable area 33 corresponding to this window 37, the control unit 31 , skips step 5T25 and proceeds to step 5126, where it is checked whether the above-mentioned reprocessing has been completed for all the window information in the reprocessing table, and if the processing has not yet been degenerated, If the information remains, the process returns from step 5T26 to step 5T22, and the process described above is executed for the remaining window information.

When the processing for all the window information is completed, the control unit 31 branches from step ST26 bs to step 5T27, where the window screen file for each divided area stored in the teaching table 25 is are displayed all at once (or sequentially) and ask the operator whether the window screen file needs to be reprocessed (for example, by modifying, deleting, or adding windows).

Now, if the operator enters that at least one of each window screen file needs to be reprocessed,
i, Ilt[1 The unit 31 returns from this step 5T27 to the step 5T22 and executes the above-described process again for the divided area that requires reprocessing.

Also, in this step 5T27, the operator
If it is input that there is no need for i98 processing, the control section 31 branches from this step 5T27 to step 5T28, and here controls the X-Y table section 14 to set the reference printed board 10-1 on the decoy image section 15. The first divided area of
The resulting image is converted into image data by the Δ/1 conversion section 23, and this image data is supplied to the image processing section 26 to avoid being converted into two images.

Next, in step 5T29, the control unit 31 uses each window 37 of the window screen file to
Each part image is cut out from the normalized image, and the feature parameters of each part 13a located on the first divided area of the pre-distributed semi-print base 10-1 are extracted from each part image.

In this case, the brightness, hue, selection i, etc. of the part are used as the characteristic parameters.

Next, the control unit 31 stores each of these feature parameters in the teaching table 25 in step S'r30.
File the reference printed circuit board 1 in step 5T31.
It is checked whether the above-described processing has been completed for all divided areas 0-1, and if there are remaining divided areas for which processing has not been completed, the process returns from step 5T31 to step 5T28, The process described in 1 is executed for the remaining divided areas.

Further, when inspecting the test board 10-2 that is mass-produced to be the same as the reference printed circuit board 10-1, the control section 31 first inspects each circuit part in step 5T35 of the inspection flowchart A7 shown in FIG. Initialize them to put them into inspection mode.

After this, the operator etc. can remove the X-Y table section 1/I.
When the inspected print 1 to substrate 10-2 are let in, the control section 31 controls the X-Y table section 14 in step 5T36.
is controlled to make the first divided area of the printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected a VI image, and the image signal obtained at this time is converted into image data by the Δ/D converter 23, and then this image data is It is supplied to the oxidation treatment section 26 for 2-nitrification.

Thereafter, in step 5T37, the control unit 31 cuts out each component image from the binarized image of the printed circuit board to be inspected 10-2 using each window of the window screen file. Each component 13b in the first divided area of the printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected
Extract the feature parameters of.

In this case, the same characteristic parameters as those used during teaching are used.

Next, in step 5T38, the control unit 31 calculates the characteristic parameters of these parts 13b and the teaching data 25.
The characteristic parameters of the component 13a stored in the teaching table 25 are compared with the characteristic parameters of the component 13a stored in the teaching table 25.
After determining whether all of the components 13b are mounted within the displacement tolerance area 33 of each component placement area above, the determination result is stored in the memory 24 in step 5T39.

Thereafter, the control unit 31 displays the determination result on the CRT in step 5T40. ! 528, and the printer 29 outputs the print I~.

Next, in step ST41, the control unit 31 checks whether the above-mentioned processing has been completed for all the divided areas of the printed circuit board 10-2 to be inspected, and if there are any remaining divided areas for which the processing has not been completed yet. Well, this step S
From T41, the process returns to step 60, T36, and the above-described process is executed for the remaining field areas.

In this way, in this embodiment, the direction of the part is automatically determined from the part shape obtained from the teaching board, etc., and the tolerance value is set according to the direction. The direction determination work can be omitted.

In addition, in this embodiment, after the process of automatically determining the orientation of the part, the process result is corrected by manual input.
71, it is possible to precisely set tolerance values for each component.

In addition, in this embodiment, when the spacing between parts is narrow, the tolerance value for misalignment between these parts is automatically reduced. The value can be increased to a certain extent, and this occurs when this tolerance is made unnecessarily small;
The occurrence of detection can be prevented.

In addition, in the embodiment described above, there is a window 37 and a position set in this window 37 if 11
'Edited Contents■Although I am trying to deal with rear 33 etc. individually,
As shown in FIG. 6, three windows 37a to 37c are provided for each block of the component 13, and one function of the window 37 and one function of the positional deviation tolerance area 33 are provided. You can also do it.

In this case, from the side edge of the component 13 to the window 37a,
The distance 11jL1 from the vertical edge of the component 13 to the window 37b is the horizontal displacement tolerance.
, 37C becomes the vertical positional deviation tolerance.

As shown in FIG. 7(A), the body (or Ti VM) of the component 13 is detected in each window 37b, and the part other than the component 13 (bare board part) is detected in each window 378, 37C. If so, it is determined that this component 13 is mounted within the position In deviation tolerance range.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7(B), the body of the component 13 may not be detected in either window 1 or 37b, or the body of component 13 may not be detected in either window 37a or 37c.
If body 3 is detected, this part 1
3 is determined to have a position shift.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the base board is painted black and the parts are painted white, but after coating the entire surface with an ultraviolet-excited fluorescent agent, the parts are painted. You may also use a mounted version of .

Further, in the embodiment described above, each printed circuit board 10-
1.10-2 is imaged and the characteristic parameters of each component are extracted from the fj-coded binarized image data. An image of the board is taken, and while referring to the binarized image data of this bare board, each printer 1 - board 10-1 is
．． The feature parameters of each component may be extracted from the binarized image data of 10-2.

(9) r result of the invention) Here! As explained, according to the present defense, eight appropriate tolerance values can be set for each component.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the print-based test instrument according to Yomoto's explanation; FIGS. 2A and 2B are flow charts showing an example of the teaching operation of the embodiment; FIG.
The figure is a flowchart showing an example of the inspection operation of the same embodiment, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a window used in the same embodiment, and FIGS. A schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a window that automatically removes the volume value in
FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams for explaining an example of the window position shift detection operation shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional printed circuit board automatic inspection device,
FIGS. 9A and 9B are plan views for explaining the positional deviation detection operation in which this print is also sent to the TJFI automatic inspection device. 10-1... Reference printed circuit board, 10-2... Printed circuit board to be inspected, 15... Imaging section, 25... Storage section (teaching table), 31... Tolerance value generation section,
Tolerance change section (control section). Patent applicant Agent: Tateishi Den Co., Ltd.
Patent attorney Tetsuji Yoshikura (1 other person) Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a printed circuit board inspection device that inspects components on a printed circuit board to be inspected by comparing reference data stored in a storage unit with measurement data obtained by imaging the printed circuit board to be inspected, a tolerance value generating section that generates tolerance value data; and a tolerance value changing section that changes the tolerance value of each component in the reference data stored in the storage section based on the tolerance data output by the tolerance value generation section. A printed circuit board inspection device comprising: (2) The tolerance generation unit identifies the length direction of the part,
A printed circuit board inspection device according to claim 1, which generates tolerance value data in each direction. (3) The tolerance value generation unit detects the distance between the parts,
The printed circuit board inspection apparatus according to claim 1, which generates tolerance data according to this distance.