JPS62256378A - Gas diffusion electrode - Google Patents
Gas diffusion electrodeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62256378A JPS62256378A JP61099600A JP9960086A JPS62256378A JP S62256378 A JPS62256378 A JP S62256378A JP 61099600 A JP61099600 A JP 61099600A JP 9960086 A JP9960086 A JP 9960086A JP S62256378 A JPS62256378 A JP S62256378A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas diffusion
- diffusion electrode
- reaction
- reaction layer
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、燃料電池、二次電池、電気化学的リアクター
に用いるガス拡散電極の改良に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to improvements in gas diffusion electrodes used in fuel cells, secondary batteries, and electrochemical reactors.
（従来の技術）
従来、ガス拡散電極として、親水性カーボンブラック、
撥水性カーボンブラック、ポリ四弗化エチレンより成る
反応層に、撥水性カーボンブラック、ポリ四弗化エチレ
ンより成るガス拡散層を接合して成るものがある。(Prior art) Hydrophilic carbon black,
There is one in which a gas diffusion layer made of water-repellent carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene is bonded to a reaction layer made of water-repellent carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene.
このガス拡散電極は、燃料電池等に使用した場合、電解
液は反応層を透過するが、ガス拡散層を透過せず、水蒸
気、反応により生成したガスあるいは供給ガスのみガス
拡散層を透過する。When this gas diffusion electrode is used in a fuel cell or the like, the electrolyte passes through the reaction layer, but not the gas diffusion layer, and only water vapor, gas generated by the reaction, or supply gas passes through the gas diffusion layer.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
ところで、上記ガス拡散電極の反応層は、親水性カーボ
ンブラックと撥水性カーボンブランクとポリ四弗化エチ
レンの粉末が混合焼結されて成るものであるから、親水
性カーボンブラックとポリ四弗化エチレンの粉末が均一
に分散結合されずにかたよって塊状に結合されている部
分が多い為、電解液とガスの接触する通路面積が小さく
、反応が十分に行われないものである。従って、例えば
二次電池の場合充電特大電流を流すことができず、放電
時大電流を取り出すことができないので、甚だ充電及び
放電効率が悪いものであった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, since the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode is formed by mixing and sintering hydrophilic carbon black, water-repellent carbon blank, and polytetrafluoroethylene powder, Because the hydrophilic carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene powder are not uniformly dispersed and bonded together in many parts, they are unevenly bonded in lumps, so the area of the passage where the electrolyte and gas come into contact is small, and the reaction is not sufficiently carried out. It is something that cannot be avoided. Therefore, for example, in the case of a secondary battery, an extremely large charging current cannot be passed through it, and a large current cannot be extracted during discharging, resulting in extremely poor charging and discharging efficiency.
そこで本発明は、電解液とガスの接触する通路面積を大
きくして、反応が十分に行われるようにしたガス拡散電
極を提供せんとするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a gas diffusion electrode in which the area of the passage where the electrolytic solution and the gas come into contact is increased so that the reaction can be sufficiently carried out.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
上記問題点を解決するための本発明のガス拡散電極は、
繊維状組織の親水性物質と１８水性物質が配列された粉
末から成る反応層を有するものである。(Means for solving the problems) The gas diffusion electrode of the present invention for solving the above problems includes:
It has a reaction layer made of powder in which a hydrophilic substance and an 18-aqueous substance in a fibrous structure are arranged.
（作用）
上記の如く構成されたガス拡散電極は、反応層を構成し
ている粉末が、繊維状組織の親水性物質と繊維状組織の
撥水性物質が配列された微細な集合体より成るので、燃
料電池等に使用した際、電解液とガスの接触する通路面
積が大きく、反応が十分に行われるものである。(Function) In the gas diffusion electrode configured as described above, the powder constituting the reaction layer is composed of fine aggregates in which a hydrophilic substance with a fibrous structure and a water-repellent substance with a fibrous structure are arranged. When used in a fuel cell or the like, the area of the passage where the electrolytic solution and gas come into contact is large, and the reaction takes place satisfactorily.
（実施例）
本発明のガス拡散電極の一実施例を第１．２図によって
説明すると、第１図のガス拡散電極１は、第２図に示す
如く太さが１〜４μの繊維状組織の親水性カーボンブラ
ック２と、太さが１〜４μの繊維状組織の撥水性カーボ
ンブラックとポリ四弗化エチレンの混合物３とがｌ：ｌ
の割合で混合の上一定方向に配列された粒径１０〜５０
μの粉末４が焼結成形されて成る厚さ０．１ｆｉ、幅１
００ｍ、長さ１００龍の反応層５のみより成るものであ
る。(Embodiment) An embodiment of the gas diffusion electrode of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1.2. The gas diffusion electrode 1 of FIG. hydrophilic carbon black 2 and a mixture 3 of fibrous water-repellent carbon black with a thickness of 1 to 4μ and polytetrafluoroethylene (l:l).
Particle size 10-50 arranged in a certain direction after mixing at a ratio of
μ powder 4 is sintered and formed, thickness 0.1fi, width 1
It consists only of a reaction layer 5 with a length of 100 m and a length of 100 m.
第３図に示す他の実施例のガス拡散電極６は、前記の反
応Ｎ５に、平均粒径４２０人の撥水性カーボンブラック
と平均粒径０．３μのポリ四弗化エチレン粉末とを７：
３の割合で混合し、焼結成形して成るガス拡散層７を接
合して成るものである。In the gas diffusion electrode 6 of another embodiment shown in FIG. 3, water-repellent carbon black with an average particle size of 420 μm and polytetrafluoroethylene powder with an average particle size of 0.3 μm are added to the reaction N5 in 7 parts.
The gas diffusion layer 7 is formed by mixing the mixture at a ratio of 3:3 and sintering and forming the gas diffusion layer 7.
上記各ガス拡電極１．６の反応ＷＡ５を作るには、先ず
平均粒径４００人の親水性カーボンブランクと平均粒径
４２０人の撥水性カーボンブランクと溶媒、本例ではソ
ルベントナフサとを５：５；３０の割合で混合し、ポリ
四弗化エチレンディスパージョンを３部又はファインパ
ウダー３部を加え次に一方向に圧延して厚さ１ｆｉのシ
ートを作り、次いでこのシートを粉砕して粒径５〜２０
μの粉末を作り、然る後この粉末を焼結成形して厚さ０
．１鶴、幅１００論、長さ１００龍の反応層とするもの
である。To make the reaction WA5 of each of the above gas expansion electrodes 1.6, first, a hydrophilic carbon blank with an average particle size of 400 particles, a water-repellent carbon blank with an average particle size of 420 particles, and a solvent, in this example, solvent naphtha, are mixed into 5: Mix in a ratio of 5:30, add 3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion or 3 parts of fine powder, then roll in one direction to make a 1fi thick sheet, then crush this sheet to form particles. Diameter 5-20
μ powder is made, and then this powder is sintered and formed to a thickness of 0.
．． The reaction layer is 1 crane, 100 mm wide, and 100 mm long.
然してこうして作った反応１１５を有するガス拡散電極
ｌ、６と、従来の反応層、即ち先ず平均粒径４２０人の
親水成力−ボンと平均粒径４００人のポリ四弗化エチレ
ン粉末と溶媒として水を５：５：５００の割合で混合し
、次にその混合液を濾過してケーキを作り、次いでケー
キを乾燥して粉砕して粒径５〜２０μの粉末を作り、然
るこの粉末を焼結成形して厚さ０．１鶴、幅１００鰭、
長さ１００ｍｍの反応層に、同様にして作った撥水性カ
ーボンブラックとポリ四弗化エチレンより成るガス拡散
電極とを、２モルＺ ｎ Ｃｌ ！７１液を電解液とす
る二次電池に陽極として用いた処、従来例のガス拡散電
極における反応層は、電解液とガスの接触する通路面積
が小さい為、反応が十分に行われず、充電時５０ｍＡ／
ｃｄの電流しか流すことができなくて充電に６時間要し
、また放電時５０ｍＡ／ｃｄの電流しか取り出すことが
できなくて放電時に 時間要したが、実施例のガス拡散
電極における反応層は、電解液とガスの接触する通路面
積が大きい為、反応が十分に行われ、充電時１００ｍＡ
／−の大電流を流すことができて充電に３時間しかかか
らず、また放電時１００ｍＡ／ｃｄの大電流を取り出す
ことができて放電に３時間しかかからず、極めて充電及
び放電効率が高いものであった。Thus, the gas diffusion electrode 1,6 having the reaction 115 thus prepared was combined with the conventional reaction layer, i.e., firstly, a hydrophilic carbon with an average particle size of 420 and a polytetrafluoroethylene powder with an average particle size of 400 as a solvent. Mix water in the ratio of 5:5:500, then filter the mixture to make a cake, then dry and crush the cake to make a powder with a particle size of 5-20μ, and then Sintered and shaped, 0.1 crane in thickness, 100 fins in width,
A gas diffusion electrode made of water-repellent carbon black prepared in the same manner and polytetrafluoroethylene was placed in a reaction layer with a length of 100 mm in an amount of 2 mol Z n Cl! When used as an anode in a secondary battery using 71 solution as an electrolyte, the reaction layer in the conventional gas diffusion electrode has a small passage area where the electrolyte and gas come into contact, so the reaction does not take place sufficiently, and the reaction does not occur during charging. 50mA/
It took 6 hours to charge because it could only flow a current of cd, and it took a long time to discharge because it could only take out a current of 50mA/cd, but the reaction layer in the gas diffusion electrode of the example Because the area of the passage where the electrolyte and gas come into contact is large, the reaction takes place sufficiently, and the charging current is 100 mA.
It can flow a large current of /- and takes only 3 hours to charge, and can take out a large current of 100mA/cd during discharging and takes only 3 hours to discharge, resulting in extremely efficient charging and discharging. It was expensive.
尚、本発明のガス拡散電極１．４の反応層３には、白金
等の触媒金属を付加しても良いものである。そのように
すると、より一層反応が促進されるものである。Incidentally, a catalytic metal such as platinum may be added to the reaction layer 3 of the gas diffusion electrode 1.4 of the present invention. By doing so, the reaction is further promoted.
（発明の効果）
以上の説明で判るように本発明のガス拡散電極は、反応
層が繊維状組織の親水性物質と撥水性物質が配列された
粉末から成るので、二次電池等に使用すると、電解液と
ガスとの接触する通路面積が大きく、反応が十分に行わ
れるので、充電特大電流を流すことができ、放電時大電
流を取り出すことができて、極めて充電及び放電効率の
高い燃料電池等が得られるという優れた効果がある。(Effects of the Invention) As can be seen from the above explanation, the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode of the present invention is composed of a powder in which a hydrophilic substance and a water-repellent substance in a fibrous structure are arranged. , the passage area where the electrolyte and gas come into contact is large, and the reaction takes place sufficiently, so it is possible to flow an extremely large charging current, and a large current can be taken out during discharging, making it a fuel with extremely high charging and discharging efficiency. There is an excellent effect that batteries etc. can be obtained.
第１図は本発明のガス拡散電極の一実施例を示す一部破
断側面図、第２図は第１図のガス拡散電極の反応層を構
成している粉末の拡大断面図、第３図は他の実施例を示
す斜視図である。
出願人 田中貴金属工業株式会社
古屋 長一
本屋 哲Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of the gas diffusion electrode of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the powder constituting the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment. Applicant Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Furuya Choichi Honya Satoshi
Claims (1)
から成る反応層を有するガス拡散電極。A gas diffusion electrode having a reaction layer made of powder in which a hydrophilic substance and a water-repellent substance in a fibrous structure are arranged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61099600A JPS62256378A (en) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-04-30 | Gas diffusion electrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61099600A JPS62256378A (en) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-04-30 | Gas diffusion electrode |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62256378A true JPS62256378A (en) | 1987-11-09 |
Family
ID=14251586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61099600A Pending JPS62256378A (en) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-04-30 | Gas diffusion electrode |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62256378A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04202792A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-07-23 | Shinei Kk | Sheet for electrode |
-
1986
- 1986-04-30 JP JP61099600A patent/JPS62256378A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04202792A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-07-23 | Shinei Kk | Sheet for electrode |
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