JPS62255770A - Method and device for manufacturing snow - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a method of making snow and an apparatus for making snow.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, equipment has been used to produce artificial snow by combining microscopic ice particles for winter sports such as skiing, but recently there has been an increase in the demand for industrial shortages, metals and plastics used as building materials, etc. For example, an artificial snow-making device as shown in FIG. 2 has been provided as a device for producing real snow for use in durability tests to investigate the durability and deterioration of materials such as rubber in natural environments.

This artificial snowmaking device J is a huge one with a height of 12 meters and 6
Each floor F of the upper floor is punched out and erected on the ceiling Rt of the weather resistance test room R installed on the second floor of a multistory building B.

To describe the first structure, an inner cylinder N with a height of about Ion for making snow is provided in an outer cylinder G of 4ff+, and the m of the inner cylinder N is
A downcomer pipe Np that communicates from the surface to the bottom side surface and has a blower Fa in the middle is attached. In addition, on the side of the 1-degree part of the inner cylinder N, there is a winding nozzle n that injects high-pressure air from the near compressor Ac installed at 31Pi, and a humidifying pipe p that supplies moisture from the ultrasonic humidifier K. The top and bottom are closely connected. Further, on the fifth floor, a cooling device C is installed which has a blower b that sends the air inside the outer cylinder G through a cooler C as cold air again.

In order to produce snow using the snowmaking device J configured as described above, first, the air must be cooled down to 7 degrees. As necessary, the temperature inside the inner cylinder N is lowered by cooling the outer periphery of the inner cylinder N. The snowmaking device J itself operates as programmed by computer control, but by starting the cooling device C and circulating the cooled air A between the outside ↑, 11G and the inside ↑, 11N, Inner cylinder N is 115~2
Cool to about 0°C. On the other hand, air inside the inner cylinder N is 1-rising air I by the blower Fa through the downcomer pipe Np.
When Af is generated and the inner cylinder temperature becomes uniform at -15 to 20°C, a cloud k created by an ultrasonic humidifier K is sent into the cloud. Go. Therefore, when high-pressure air Ah is injected from the sowing nozzle n, the air Ah turns into countless crystals, ie, snow seeds St, due to adiabatic swelling and poisoning. Its size is extremely small, about 10-18μ, but as clouds begin to form, it gradually grows and has a hexagonal crystal structure of 110-130μ. It becomes S. Furthermore, as time passes, the branches of the crystal grow, and the size becomes a snowflake Sp reaching 400μ. When the snow S grows and becomes snowflakes Sp, it can no longer be supported by the upward airflow f from below, and falls one after another from the -F section of the snow-making device J into the inner cylinder N, and the samples in the weather resistance test chamber R. Turntable T on which to place
Pile it on top.

[The problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, in such a conventional two-man snowmaking device, the temperature of the inner cylinder is only cooled to about -15 to -20°C by cooling air flowing on its outer surface, and furthermore, Using a blower to circulate air at a nearly constant velocity, an upward air current is generated within the inner cylinder, and this air flow is used to avert the clouds sent in from the humidifier and the ice crystals that are formed by being sprayed from the nightgown nozzle. Since we are using the Kerr method, which aims at the formation of snow by combining snow, it takes time for the snow to grow, so we have to make the inner cylinder longer, that is, higher. The problem is that it requires a lot of height, and the structure that houses the outside 74 is also huge.Furthermore, as a result of using uniform circulating airflow, some of the snow that forms goes to the downcomer and is wasted. However, there is a problem in that it is not possible to obtain a large amount of snow because frost formation occurs due to external cooling, which hinders operation.

The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and uses low-height inner and outer cylinders to not only promote snow growth but also to enable continuous operation without fear of frost formation. The object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for producing snow grown from crystals for various purposes.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The 'snow manufacturing method and device according to the present invention are ffi P
, Is is closed, and an inner cylinder called an ejector tower is provided in the outer cylinder whose outer surface is covered with a heat insulating material, and the narrowing part is assigned to the bottom part.
A mixed fluid of cold water and extremely low-temperature pressurized air is jetted from below the inner cylinder from an annularly arranged injection nozzle, and its adiabatic expansion further reduces the temperature inside the inner cylinder. - In the L half. In addition to recording the airflow speed and making it easier to float the fish produced by the injection, the vent hole in the inner cylinder trt part is formed to prevent the air from escaping, and in addition, air is taken in from the top of the outer cylinder. The system is designed to reduce the internal pressure and utilize the latent heat of evaporation resulting from the evaporation of residual moisture to promote lowering the temperature.

[Effect]

Therefore, the cold water that is ejected together with extremely low-temperature pressurized air that is jet-injected upward into the inner cylinder becomes fine water, while the air in the outer cylinder that is drawn into the constriction section by the jet at high speed is By the time it reaches the upper part of the tube, the passage cross-sectional area expands -r, so it becomes a low-velocity L outside airflow, which supports and suspends the snow that grows as it is exposed to a significant temperature drop due to the adiabatic expansion of the pressurized air, along with the jet stream. becomes. In addition, since the interior is depressurized by the intake air from the top of the outside, residual moisture evaporates and the latent heat of vaporization is taken away, which further lowers the temperature and promotes the growth of snowflakes. As snowflakes increase in weight, they cannot be supported by the upward airflow, so the snowflakes descend by their own weight from the guide cylinder provided in the center of the annularly arranged injection nozzle to the cooling device installed at the lower end of the outer periphery. It will be snowy.

[Fruitful example]

Hereinafter, six examples of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

First, let's talk about the snow making device.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an overview of Rudame's snow making apparatus, which embodies a snow making method.

This snowmaking device is an artificial snowmaking device that makes snow, and a snowmaking device as an accessory device! an air supply device 2 that supplies cooled pressurized air to the snow-making device 2; a water supply device 3 that passes cold Jul water that becomes rice; an exhaust device 4 that decompresses the inside of the snow-making device 1;
It mainly consists of pressurized air 1f1, cooling water, and a cold JI device 5 that cools the cold storage device.

The artificial snow-making device 1 has a constricted portion 12s at the bottom and a downwardly protruding ring 12t at the top 12c, called an ejector tower, inside an outer cylinder 11 shaped like an upside-down wide-mouth bottle with a closed top 11c. The inner cylinder 1 is provided with a ventilation hole 12a.
2 is installed, and the lower part of the outer cylinder 11 is surrounded by a spiral cooling spiral pipe 13p, and the formed snowflake Sp
Further, a plurality of injection nozzles 14 of pressurized air Ak facing the constricted portion 12s of the inner cylinder 12 guide the descent of the snowflakes SP to the cold insulation device; It is constructed by standing upright on a ring-shaped pipe 15 surrounding a ring-shaped pipe 16. Note that the outer surface of the outer periphery 11 is entirely covered with a heat insulating material 17.

The air supply device 2 includes a near compressor 21 that takes in external air A and converts it into pressurized air Ak, and a water-cooled aftercooler 22. Division fJ with bypass circuit 23b, A 23
, are connected by an air pipe 26 so as to reach the annular pipe 15 via a heat recovery cooler 24 that exchanges heat with the exhaust gas E and an air roller 25 that is cooled by the cooling device 5. . Note that 27 is an auto drain.

The water supply device 3 includes a water supply tank 3 having a pole tap 31.
2 to the water supply pipe 3 so as to join the pressurized air Ak of the injection nozzle 14 via the water supply pump 33 and the water cooler 34.
5 was installed and it withered.

The exhaust device 4 includes an exhaust perforation 42 provided in the root tube 41 via the heat recovery cooler 24 from the air hole 11a bored in the center of the 1r1 part 1fc of the outer cylinder 11. Note that 43 is a bypass circuit connected to the suction side air pipe 26 of the near compressor 21 via a valve 44.

The cooling device 5 is connected to an air cooler 25. Cooling spiral bar 2r bar 13 of cold storage device 13
Cooling pipes 53 are arranged so as to cool ρ and the water cooler 34 respectively and form 1j6 rings.

J:j, 54 is a refrigerant expansion/j Nagai, and 55 is a pressure adjustment valve F.

Next, the seven people involved in manufacturing r7f will be described.

For example, when air A at 32°C is sucked in from the outside and compressed by the near compressor 21, it becomes pressurized air Ak at 150°C and 6 kg/cm, so if it is primarily cooled by the aftercooler 22, the temperature will be lowered to 40°C. When the water is removed (removal of water at W vessel 23゛C)), the temperature rises to 50℃.Therefore, the 1-1 air E sucked from the outer cylinder 11 is -io''c when it exits the exhaust hole 11a. Therefore, when secondary cooling is performed by the heat recovery cooler 24 using this,
The temperature is lowered to about 0 degrees Celsius, and then raised to -20 degrees Celsius via the air cooler 25. After that, the air is passed through the air cooler 25 and raised to -20 degrees Celsius.
Shoot the jet 11n inward. At this time, water tank 3
The water W sent from Nozzle 2 to the water cooler 34 by the water supply pump 33 drops in temperature to 0°C, reaches the injection nozzle 14, and merges with the pressurized air Ak at -20°C. , and are sprayed together as snow seeds St.

Furthermore, due to the jet injection of the pressurized air Ak, the air A inside the outer cylinder 1 is attracted from the opening of the constriction part 12s and moves upward at high speed. However, by the time it reaches the center, the passing area increases significantly, so the decelerated toshi becomes air tAεf, and the evening seeds St are suspended in the upper half of the inner cylinder 12 along with the jet stream. In addition, n
According to the story q, air AI descends through the space between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 12, but its speed is extremely slow.

At one time, the stiffening air Ak emitted by the jet 11C1 is,
...Since the heat expands and heats up, the temperature drops to -50℃, so the seeds of Iji (: +, If) gradually grow from the state of ice crystals while floating and turn into snow. next door', jr
It becomes JjSρ.

Note that during the step 1, the air A from the pores 11a of the outer cylinder 11 flows through the roots blower 4 via the heat recovery cooler 24.
1, and is discharged to the outside as 40°C exhaust E by the cylinder 24 described above, so that the inner and outer cylinders 12
．． Since the pressure inside the tube 11 is reduced, the moisture becomes supersaturated and evaporates, so that the heat of the evaporation (i)) is imitated, which lowers the temperature and further promotes the growth of frS.

By the way, when snow S becomes snow flakes Sp, the amount taken increases to 400μ, so the upper limit is 1. Airflow f is support LuJ
, h, and gradually descends, passes through the guide tube 16, and is loaded and stored in the cold storage device 13, which is cooled by the cooling rack pipe 13p.

In addition, in this manufacturing apparatus, unlike the conventional example in which the inner cylinder N is cooled from the outside with cooled air A, dry, extremely low-humidity pressurized air is injected into the inner cylinder 11. Since internal cooling is performed by Ak, no frost formation occurs.

In addition, a ventilation hole 12 provided at the center of the top 12c of the inner cylinder 12
Since a protruding ring 12L that protrudes downward is formed in a, a stable floating state can be maintained due to the low speed of the updraft f, and C1 is achieved.
Yes, needless to say, a+fS is also connected from ventilation hole 12a to b1ζ
It is difficult to spill out, so there is no waste.

[Efficacy of invention]

As explained below-1, the present invention provides an inner ↑4 in which a constricted part is formed in the outer cylinder with insulation +1, and an extremely low z1 in the constricted part.
°, 1 jet 11f1 of pressurized air and cold water are ejected,
Since internal cooling is performed by adiabatic expansion and sampling of the latent heat of vaporization based on the reduced pressure inside the cylinder taken in from the top of the outer cylinder, the height of the outside ↑, ) can be kept to about 3 to 5 m, making it possible to accommodate Since you only need pickled vegetables or less than half the amount of conventional pickles, you can save a lot of equipment costs, and also... Not only is it possible to operate continuously for 14 hours without frost forming inside the inner cylinder, but it also slows down the upward airflow inside the inner cylinder.
Since the floating state of the snowflakes is stable and overflowing to the outside of the inner cylinder is suppressed, the R-formation effect is efficiently performed and a large amount of snowflakes can be produced, which is a remarkable effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional Daio snow-making device. Snow making device 2...Air supply device 3...Water supply device 4...Exhaust device 5...Cooling device 11...Outer cylinder +1c...[11 part 11a...Exhaust hole 12...・Inner T・5 +2s...Constriction part 12t...Protruding ring 12a...Vent hole 13...Cold storage device 14...11i'l injection nozzle 15...Annular pipe 16...Guiding tube 17... Insulation material Ak... Pressurized air W... Ice S...'-!r f... Updraft Fig. 2

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In an artificial snowmaking device in which an inner cylinder with a constriction part at the lower end is installed inside an insulating outer cylinder, extremely low-temperature pressurized air and cold water are combined and jet-injected into the constriction part for adiabatic expansion. means for further significantly lowering the temperature inside the inner cylinder by causing the snow to fall in the inner cylinder; means for generating a slow upward airflow by the jet injection to keep snow suspended in the upper half of the inner cylinder; and means for suctioning and exhausting snow from the outer cylinder. A method of making snow from crystals by creating a supersaturated state through internal depressurization and using the latent heat of vaporization of moisture to promote temperature reduction. (2) A cold storage device is provided at the bottom end of the outer cylinder, which is completely covered with a heat insulating material and has a top with an exhaust hole, and above the cold storage device, a constricted portion is formed at the bottom end, and a constriction part is formed in the center of the top, which protrudes downward. An inner cylinder having a ventilation hole forming a protruding ring is provided, and extremely low-temperature pressurized air and cold water are supplied from a ring-shaped pipe having a guide cylinder extending between the inner cylinder and the cooling device to guide the falling snow. an artificial snow-making device including a plurality of injection nozzles that merge the air and jet the air into the constriction section, and
an air supply device that dehumidifies and cools pressurized air at extremely low temperature and supplies it to the injection nozzle; a water supply device that supplies cold water to the nozzle; A snow making device characterized by being configured by combining an exhaust device that performs heat exchange and then exhausts the air, and a cooling device that cools pressurized air, cold water, and a cold storage device.