JPS62254992A - Laser welding method of aluminum member - Google Patents
Laser welding method of aluminum memberInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62254992A JPS62254992A JP61100683A JP10068386A JPS62254992A JP S62254992 A JPS62254992 A JP S62254992A JP 61100683 A JP61100683 A JP 61100683A JP 10068386 A JP10068386 A JP 10068386A JP S62254992 A JPS62254992 A JP S62254992A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- gas
- oxygen
- laser welding
- welding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000554 iris Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、アルミニウムやアルミニウム合金などのア
ルミニウム系部材のレーザ溶接方法に関するものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for laser welding aluminum-based members such as aluminum and aluminum alloys.
例えばｃｏ２レーザやＹＡＧレーザなどのレーザ光はエ
ネルギ密度の憔めて高い熱源で、レンズやミラーを用い
て微小なスポットに来光できることから、鉄鋼やステン
レス鋼などの金属材料や、木材、アクリル、プラスチッ
クなどの非金属材料の切断・溶接など、各種の加工手段
として用いられるようになってきている。For example, laser beams such as CO2 lasers and YAG lasers are heat sources with very high energy density, and can be directed to minute spots using lenses and mirrors. It has come to be used as a variety of processing means, such as cutting and welding non-metallic materials such as plastics.
しかし、４１加工物として、アルミニウムやアルミニウ
ム合金のようなアルミニウム系部材などに用いると、レ
ーザビームが反射され、十分な吸収が生じないため、溶
接や切断などができない場合があっだ。これらを解決す
るためには、被加工物の表面にレーザビーム吸収率を高
めるために、カーボン系の表面被覆剤を塗布したシ、特
別な表面処理を施す必要があった。この表面被覆剤を塗
布する方法については、昭和６０年度梢磯学会秋期大会
学術講演論文果（第６７９頁〜第６８０頁２発行日・昭
和６０年９月２４日）「アルミのｃｏ２レーザ溶接に関
する基礎研究−表面コーティングと溶融特性−」・電子
技術総合研究所・安永他に報告されている。However, if the laser beam is used as a workpiece for an aluminum-based member such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the laser beam will be reflected and sufficient absorption will not occur, so welding or cutting may not be possible. In order to solve these problems, it was necessary to apply a carbon-based surface coating agent to the surface of the workpiece to increase the laser beam absorption rate, or to perform special surface treatment. Regarding the method of applying this surface coating agent, please refer to the 1985 Kozueiso Society Autumn Conference Academic Lecture Papers (pages 679 to 680, 2 publication date, September 24, 1985), ``On CO2 laser welding of aluminum. Fundamental Research - Surface Coating and Melting Properties -'', Electronics Technology Research Institute, Yasunaga et al.
〔発明がｌ！Ｉ決しようとする問題点〕従来の表面被覆
剤を用いたり表向処理を施すアルミニウム系部材の加工
方法により、アルミニウム系部材を切回する際には１表
面被覆剤などは蒸発や燃焼作用によシ除去されるので、
被加工物内に残留することはなく、加工部の特性を劣化
することはない。ところが、アルミニウム系部材同志を
溶接する際には、被加工物の部材が溶融した後凝固する
過程を経るので２表面被覆剤や表面処理物が溶融金属内
に残留し、溶接部の強度低下やプローホール及び割れな
どの欠陥を引きおこす原因となるという問題点があった
。[Invention is l! Problems to be solved] When cutting aluminum parts using conventional processing methods for aluminum parts that use surface coating agents or surface treatments, surface coating agents are susceptible to evaporation and combustion. Since it is removed,
It does not remain in the workpiece and does not deteriorate the characteristics of the processed part. However, when welding aluminum-based parts together, the workpieces go through a process of melting and then solidifying, so surface coating agents and surface treatments remain in the molten metal, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the welded part. There is a problem in that it causes defects such as plowholes and cracks.
この発明は上記のような問題点を解決するためになされ
たもので、プローホールや割れなどの溶接欠陥を生ぜし
めることなく、十分な強度を有する溶接部を得ることの
できるアルミニウム系部材のレーザ溶接方法を提供する
ことを目的とする。This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is a laser welding method for aluminum-based members that can obtain welded parts with sufficient strength without causing welding defects such as protrusions or cracks. The purpose is to provide a welding method.
この発明に係るアルミニウム系部材のレーザ溶接方法は
、酸素を含む混合ガスをシールドガスとし、レーザビー
ムをアルミニウム系部材に照射して溶接するようにした
ものである。In the laser welding method for aluminum-based members according to the present invention, a mixed gas containing oxygen is used as a shielding gas, and the aluminum-based members are irradiated with a laser beam for welding.
アルミニウムやアルミニウム合金は溶接時に酸素、窒素
及び水分などの混入を最も嫌うものとされており、純度
の高い人ｒ＋Ｈｅなどのシールドガスが用いられている
。レーザビーム、特にＣＯ２レーザによるレーザビーム
の吸収は被加工物の材質により大きな影響を受ける。こ
の発明におけるシールドガスは、酸素を含む混合ガスで
あシ１例えば酸素とアルゴンの混合ガスの場合には、ビ
ーム照射部に酸化アルミニウムが生成される。また混合
ガス中に窒素を含む場合には、窒化アルミニウムが生成
される。この酸化アルミニウムや窒化アルミニウムはレ
ーザビームの吸収率が高く９表面被覆剤などを必要とせ
ずにアルミニウム系部材のＶ−ザ溶接を行うことができ
る。Aluminum and aluminum alloys are considered to be the least likely to be contaminated with oxygen, nitrogen, moisture, etc. during welding, and a shielding gas such as highly purified He+He is used. Absorption of a laser beam, especially a CO2 laser beam, is greatly influenced by the material of the workpiece. The shielding gas in this invention is a mixed gas containing oxygen. For example, in the case of a mixed gas of oxygen and argon, aluminum oxide is produced in the beam irradiation area. Furthermore, when nitrogen is included in the mixed gas, aluminum nitride is produced. These aluminum oxides and aluminum nitrides have a high laser beam absorption rate and can perform V-za welding of aluminum-based members without the need for a surface coating agent or the like.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例によるアルミニウム系部材
同志のレーザ浴接方法によって溶接した溶接部の溶込み
深さを示す特性図であり、横軸は窒素（Ｎ２）と酸素（
０２）による混合ガスをシールドガスとした場合のシー
ルドガス中の０２の含有量（チ）を示し、縦軸は溶込み
深さく＋ｉ＋）を示している。FIG. 1 is a characteristic diagram showing the penetration depth of a welded part welded together by a laser bath welding method for aluminum-based members according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the horizontal axis shows nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (
02) is used as the shielding gas, and the vertical axis indicates the penetration depth (+i+).
この場合の溶接条件は２例えばレーザとしてｃｏ２レー
ザを用い、レーザ出力２．３ Ｋｖ 、溶接速度０．３
ｍ／ｍｉｎ 、被加工物であるＡ１合金の材質は１１８
人１１００を用いている。またシールドガス流量は３０
／／ｍｉｎで１組成比はＮ２１０２を０チから１００％
まで変化させている。図中、領域（りはシールドガス中
の０２含有量が１５チ未満、領域（幻は１５チ〜９０チ
、領域（１）は９０チを越えた領域であυ、それぞれ８
ｇ２図（１）、 （ＩＩ）、 （１）に示すような形態
の溶接ビード断面が得られる。図において、（１）はＡ
１部材、（２）は溶接金属である。第２図（りに示され
るように領域（１）では、溶融金属（２）の過大な盛９
上υ部分（２ａ）とアンダカット部（２ｂ）が存在する
不良溶接ビードが得られる。また、領域（１）では第２
図（１）に示されるように、オーバラップ部（２Ｃ）と
アンダフイル部（２ｄ）が存在する不良ビードが得られ
る。領域（１）では、第２図（１）に示されるように、
アンダフイル部やアンダカット部のような欠陥を含まな
い良好な形状の溶接ビードを得ることができる。また、
純Ｎ２シールドや純０２シールド状態では形状が第２図
（す、（Ｉ）のようになるばかシでなく、純Ｎ２シール
ドの場合には浴接ビード表面付近に多量の窒化物を巻き
込み２表面ビードの乱れが激しい。また。The welding conditions in this case are 2. For example, a CO2 laser is used as the laser, the laser output is 2.3 Kv, and the welding speed is 0.3.
m/min, the material of the A1 alloy that is the workpiece is 118
1100 people are used. Also, the shielding gas flow rate is 30
//min 1 composition ratio N2102 from 0 to 100%
It is changing up to. In the figure, the area (I) is the area where the 02 content in the shielding gas is less than 15 inches, the area (phantom) is between 15 and 90 inches, and the area (1) is the area where the 02 content is over 90 inches, respectively.
g2 Weld bead cross sections with the shapes shown in Figures (1), (II), and (1) are obtained. In the figure, (1) is A
1 member (2) is welded metal. As shown in Figure 2, in region (1) there is an excessive amount of molten metal (2).
A defective weld bead is obtained in which an upper υ portion (2a) and an undercut portion (2b) are present. Also, in area (1), the second
As shown in FIG. 1, a defective bead is obtained in which an overlap portion (2C) and an underfill portion (2d) are present. In region (1), as shown in Figure 2 (1),
It is possible to obtain a weld bead with a good shape that does not include defects such as underfill portions and undercut portions. Also,
In the state of pure N2 shield or pure 02 shield, the shape is not as shown in Figure 2 (I), but in the case of pure N2 shield, a large amount of nitride is involved near the surface of the bath welding bead. The bead is very disturbed. Again.
純０２シールドの場合にはプローホールの発生が多く、
良好な溶接は困難である。従ってシールドガス中の０２
含有蓋は１５チ〜９０チが望ましく。In the case of pure 02 shield, there are many proholes,
Good welding is difficult. Therefore, 02 in the shielding gas
The content of the lid is preferably 15 to 90 inches.
特に１５％〜３５チにすると、溶込み深さが深く。Particularly when it is set to 15% to 35mm, the penetration depth is deep.
良好な溶接部が得られる。Good welds can be obtained.
また、第３図はこの発明の他の実施例としてシールドガ
スを不活性ガスであるアルゴン（Ａｒ）ト０２の混合ガ
スとした時の溶込み深さを示す特性図である。さらに第
４図（＋）、 （１）、 （１）はそれぞれ第３図に示
す領域（１）、（す、（菖）の０２含有量のシールドガ
スを用いて得られた溶接ビードを示す断面図である。シ
ールドガスに人ｒと０２の混合ガスを用いた場合にも効
果としてはＮ２と０２の混合ガスを用いた場合と同様に
０２含有菫が１５チ〜９０チの領域（１）で良好な溶接
ビードが得られる。０２含有量が１５チ未満の領域（１
）及び９ａチを越える領域（１）ではブローホール（３
）が多発し、健全な溶接はできない。特に２０チ〜５０
％の０２含有量では残留酸化物が少なく２強度的にも良
好な溶接部が得られる。このレーザ溶接方法では表面被
覆剤などを必要としないため、これが溶融金属内に残留
して引きおこす溶接部の強度低下やブローホール及び割
れなどの欠陥を防ぐことができる。さらに、この発明に
よれば９表面処理の工程を必要とせず、シールドガスの
成分を変えるという簡単な操作で実現できる。Further, FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the penetration depth when the shielding gas is a mixed gas of argon (Ar) which is an inert gas as another embodiment of the present invention. Further, Fig. 4 (+), (1), and (1) show weld beads obtained using shielding gas with 02 content in areas (1), (su, and irises) shown in Fig. 3, respectively. It is a cross-sectional view. Even when a mixed gas of N2 and 02 is used as the shielding gas, the effect is similar to the case where a mixed gas of N2 and 02 is used. ), a good weld bead can be obtained.A region where the 02 content is less than 15 inches (1
) and blowholes (3) in the region (1) exceeding 9a
) occur frequently, making it impossible to perform sound welding. Especially 20chi~50
%, a welded joint with a small amount of residual oxide and good strength can be obtained. Since this laser welding method does not require a surface coating agent or the like, it is possible to prevent defects such as a decrease in the strength of the welded part and blowholes and cracks caused by the agent remaining in the molten metal. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the surface treatment process can be realized by a simple operation of changing the components of the shielding gas without requiring nine surface treatment steps.
なお、０２との混合ガスを構成する不活性ガスはλＦに
限らず、ヘリウム（Ｈ，）などでもよい。Note that the inert gas constituting the mixed gas with 02 is not limited to λF, and may be helium (H, ) or the like.
また、混合ガス中に炭酸ガスが倣蓋含まれていてもよい
。また、レーザとしてｃｏ２レーザに限らず。Further, carbon dioxide gas may be included in the mixed gas. Moreover, the laser is not limited to a CO2 laser.
ＹＡＧレーザなどでもよい。A YAG laser or the like may also be used.
以上述べたように、この発明によれば、酸素を含む混合
ガスをシールドガスとし、レーザビームをアルミニウム
系部材に照射して溶接することによシ、ブローホールや
割れなどの溶接欠陥の発生を防ぐことができ、十分な強
度を有する浴接部を得ることのできるアルミニウム系部
材のレーザ溶接方法を提供できる効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, occurrence of welding defects such as blowholes and cracks can be prevented by welding by irradiating a laser beam to an aluminum-based member using a mixed gas containing oxygen as a shielding gas. This has the effect of providing a method for laser welding aluminum-based members that can prevent the above-mentioned problems and provide a bath welding portion with sufficient strength.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例によるアルミニウム系部材
のレーザ溶接方法に係るシールドガス中の０２含有量に
対する溶込み深さを示す特性図。
第２図（Ｉ）、（１）、（Ｉ）はそれぞれ一実施例によ
って溶接した溶接部の一部断面図、第３図はこの発明の
他の実施例によるシールドガス中の０２含有量に対する
溶込み深さを示す特性図、第１図（１） 、 （１）
。
（１）はそれぞれ他の実施例によって溶接した溶接部の
一部断面図である。
＋１３・・・アルミニウム系部材、（２）・・・溶接金
属。
なお２図中、同一符号は同一、又は相当部分を示す。FIG. 1 is a characteristic diagram showing penetration depth versus O2 content in shielding gas in a method for laser welding aluminum-based members according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2(I), (1), and (I) are partial cross-sectional views of welded parts welded according to one embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the 02 content in the shielding gas according to another embodiment of the present invention. Characteristic diagram showing penetration depth, Figure 1 (1), (1)
. (1) is a partial sectional view of a welded part welded according to another example. +13...Aluminum-based member, (2)...Weld metal. Note that in the two figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts.
Claims (6)
ビームをアルミニウム系部材に照射して溶接するアルミ
ニウム系部材のレーザ溶接方法。(1) A laser welding method for aluminum-based members, in which a mixed gas containing oxygen is used as a shielding gas, and the aluminum-based members are irradiated with a laser beam for welding.
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のアルミニウム系
部材のレーザ溶接方法。(2) The method for laser welding aluminum-based members according to claim 1, wherein the mixed gas is a gas containing oxygen and nitrogen.
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のアルミニ
ウム系部材のレーザ溶接方法。(3) The method for laser welding aluminum-based members according to claim 1, wherein the mixed gas is a gas containing oxygen and an inert gas.
であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項ないし第
３項のいずれかに記載のアルミニウム系部材のレーザ溶
接方法。(4) The mixing ratio of oxygen in the mixed gas is 15% to 90%
A laser welding method for aluminum-based members according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第２項記載のア
ルミニウム系部材のレーザ溶接方法。(5) The mixing ratio of oxygen in the mixed gas is 15% to 35%
A laser welding method for aluminum-based members according to claim 2, characterized in that:
であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のア
ルミニウム系部材のレーザ溶接方法。(6) The mixing ratio of oxygen in the mixed gas is 20% to 50%
A laser welding method for aluminum-based members according to claim 1, characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61100683A JPS62254992A (en) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-04-30 | Laser welding method of aluminum member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61100683A JPS62254992A (en) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-04-30 | Laser welding method of aluminum member |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62254992A true JPS62254992A (en) | 1987-11-06 |
| JPH0520192B2 JPH0520192B2 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
Family
ID=14280542
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61100683A Granted JPS62254992A (en) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-04-30 | Laser welding method of aluminum member |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62254992A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0259189A (en) * | 1988-08-26 | 1990-02-28 | Toshiba Corp | Laser welding method for aluminum material and welded parts thereof |
| WO1992015422A1 (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-17 | Fanuc Ltd | Laser and laser welding method |
| US5618452A (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1997-04-08 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for laser welding with an assist gas including dried air and the assist gas composition |
| EP1365883A1 (en) † | 2001-03-06 | 2003-12-03 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Laser welding of nonferrous metals by using laser diodes and process gas |
| JP2012054203A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-15 | Hitachi Vehicle Energy Ltd | Secondary battery and manufacturing method thereof |
-
1986
- 1986-04-30 JP JP61100683A patent/JPS62254992A/en active Granted
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0259189A (en) * | 1988-08-26 | 1990-02-28 | Toshiba Corp | Laser welding method for aluminum material and welded parts thereof |
| WO1992015422A1 (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-17 | Fanuc Ltd | Laser and laser welding method |
| US5618452A (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1997-04-08 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for laser welding with an assist gas including dried air and the assist gas composition |
| US5831239A (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1998-11-03 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser welding method |
| EP1365883A1 (en) † | 2001-03-06 | 2003-12-03 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Laser welding of nonferrous metals by using laser diodes and process gas |
| EP1365883B2 (en) † | 2001-03-06 | 2007-06-27 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Laser welding of nonferrous metals by using laser diodes and process gas |
| JP2012054203A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-15 | Hitachi Vehicle Energy Ltd | Secondary battery and manufacturing method thereof |
| US8507118B2 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2013-08-13 | Hitachi Vehicle Energy, Ltd | Secondary battery and fabrication method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0520192B2 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |