JPS62237089A - Vane made of fiber-reinforced metallic composite material for vane type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve resistance to wear, resistance to seizure, and bending strength, by a method wherein a vane is formed using a fiber-reinforced metallic composite material compositely reinforced by tow oriented along a plane extending vertically to an axis of rotation and at two-dimensional random. CONSTITUTION:Each vane 36 is formed by a composite material consisting of a metal compositely reinforced with tow 46, and the tow 46 is oriented along a plane extending substantially vertically to an axis 6, i.e., a plane X-Z in a Fig., and at two-dimensional random. Thus, since an angle of the tow 46 with both an outer end surface 40 and both sides 42, 44 is higher than that in the case of any other fiber orientation, the vane 36 has excellent resistance to wear and resistance to seizure. Further, since the tow 46 is oriented along a plane extending along a direction, in which bending stress is exerted on the vane 36 by the edge part of a rotor 26, the bending stress of the vane 36 can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to vane compressors, and more particularly to vanes made of m-fiber reinforced gold melon composite material for vane compressors.

As is well known in the prior art, a vane compressor includes a cylinder, a rotor rotating within the cylinder, and a vane receiving groove provided in the rotor that cooperates with the cylinder and rotor to have a variable volume. Determine the cylinder chamber? The volume of the cylinder chamber increases and decreases repeatedly with the rotation of the rotor, which introduces gas into the cylinder chamber, compresses the gas in the cylinder chamber, and releases the compressed gas from the cylinder chamber. It is now available.

When operating such a vane compressor, each vane is [
1- Each vane rotates at a high speed with the blade, and reciprocates substantially in the radial direction of the rotor within the vane receiving groove while opening along the inner surface of the cylinder at the outer end surface, so each vane Exposed to harsh sliding conditions on end and both sides. For this reason, vanes have traditionally been manufactured with the aim of reducing their weight and ensuring wear resistance and seizure resistance.
It is made of high silicon aluminum alloy such as AA standard Δ390. In addition, for the purpose of further improving the wear resistance of the vanes, for example, as described in JP-A-58-91141 and JP-A-59-34496,
Aluminum alloy vanes can be reinforced with short carbon fibers oriented in a substantially three-dimensional random manner, or with long carbon fibers oriented in one direction perpendicular to both sides of the vane. Already proposed.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, as compressors become more efficient and more compact, vanes made of high-silicon aluminum alloys and vanes made of fiber-reinforced metal composite materials such as those mentioned above have less wear resistance and fire resistance. Adherence is becoming insufficient. Furthermore, as compressors have become more compact, vanes have also become thinner, making it difficult to ensure the bending strength required for vanes.

That is, since the vane receives bending stress from the edge of the vane receiving groove of the rotor with its outer and inner ends as fulcrums,
Vanes must not only have excellent wear resistance and seizure resistance on the outer end surface and both side surfaces, but also have excellent bending strength, and these requirements are becoming increasingly strict.

In view of the above-mentioned problems with the vanes of conventional vane compressors, the present invention provides vanes for vane compressors that have superior wear resistance, seizure resistance, and bending strength compared to conventional vanes. is intended to provide.

Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object comprises a cylinder and a vaned cylinder rotating around a rotational axis within the cylinder, the rotation of the rotor being controlled by the cylinder. A vane type compressor in which the vane reciprocates substantially in the radial direction of the rotor within a groove provided at the 0 side while sliding an outer end surface of the vane along the inner surface of the cylinder. The vane is made of a fiber-reinforced metal composite material reinforced with short fibers, and the short fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner along a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation. This is achieved by the vanes that are present.

Functions and Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, the vane is formed of a metal composite reinforced with short fibers as reinforcing fibers, and the short fibers are formed in two directions along a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotational line of the rotor. Because they are dimensionally randomly oriented and therefore the angles that the 'fsJ fibers make with these planes on both the outer end face and both sides of the vane are greater than with any orientation of the vane, the wear resistance of these faces is The two-dimensional random orientation as described above allows the short fibers to be oriented along a plane parallel to the direction of bending stress that the vane receives from the rotor. The bending strength of
It can cause a person to die.

Further, according to the present invention, the wear resistance of the vanes is improved, so the durability of the compressor 1 can be improved, and the wall thickness of the vanes can be reduced, thereby making it possible to improve the durability of the compressor without changing the shape of the cylinder. The volume of the chamber and thus the capacity of the compressor can be increased.

In the present invention, 'E1 fibers include silicon carbide whiskers, silicon nitride voice, potassium titanate voice, ceramic short fibers such as alumina short fiber, alumina-silica short fiber, silicon carbide short fiber, and stainless steel. Any short fibers such as metal short fibers such as steel short fibers or carbon short fibers may be used, and the volume percentage thereof is preferably about 5 to 50%.

In addition, the metal in the present invention is used to reduce the weight of the vane.
Preferably, it is an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention will be explained in detail below by way of example embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a vane type compressor incorporating vanes according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing one vane shown in FIG. 1.

In these figures, 2 indicates a cylinder arranged within the housing 4. The cylinder 4 has an inner surface 8 delimiting a cylinder chamber space which is substantially oval in cross-section perpendicular to the axis 6 . The cylinder chamber space communicates with intake brenums 14 and 16, respectively, through a pair of intake boats 10 and 12 spaced apart from each other substantially radially relative to the axis, and communicates substantially radially relative to the axis. A pair of spaced apart exhaust boats 18, 20 communicate with exhaust brenums 22 and 24, respectively, via check valves not shown.

A vaned rotor 26 having the axis 6 as its rotational axis is disposed within the cylinder chamber space. The rotor 26 has a cylindrical shape extending along the axis 6, and has four vane receiving grooves 28 to 3 located at 90 degrees apart from each other around the axis.
It has 4. The mating groove extends along the axis and also extends substantially in the radial direction. A plate-shaped vane 36 is fitted into each groove, and the vanes cooperate with each other to define a cylinder chamber 38 of variable volume between the cylinder 4 and the rotor 26. Thus, when the rotor rotates,
Gas is introduced into the cylinder chamber 38 communicating with the intake boats 10 and 12, compressed in the cylinder chamber communicating with the exhaust boats 18 and 2o, and when the pressure of the gas in the cylinder chamber reaches a predetermined value. A check valve (not shown) opens, thereby allowing high pressure gas within the cylinder chamber to be discharged through exhaust boats 18 and 20 to exhaust plenums 22 and 24.

In this case, each vane rotates together with the rotor around the axis 6 at a high speed, sliding along the inner surface 8 of the sill with its outer end 40 and moving substantially in the radial direction of the rotor in the vane receiving groove. Since it reciprocates, the outer end surface 40 and both side surfaces 42.
44, exposed to harsh sliding conditions. Further, each vane receives bending stress from the edge portion of the rotor that receives the vane, with the outer end and the inner end serving as fulcrums.

As shown in detail in FIG. 2, each vane 36 is formed from a metal composite material reinforced with short fibers 46, the short fibers 46 being substantially perpendicular to the axis 6. They are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner along a plane, that is, the X-Z plane in FIG.

Therefore, since the angles that the staple fibers 46 make with both the external face 40 and the sides 42, 44 are greater than for any other fiber orientation, the vane shown has a high resistance to abrasion on these faces. and has excellent seizure resistance. Furthermore, since the short fibers are oriented along a plane along the direction of the bending stress that the vane receives from the edge of the rotor, the illustrated vane also has excellent bending strength.

Next, some specific examples of the vanes of the present invention will be explained in comparison with comparative examples.

Specific example 1 1 ft. of amorphous alumina-silica short film with an average fiber diameter of about 3 μm and an average fiber length of about 1 mm (“Kaowool J, 48 wt% Al2O3, balance substantially 5 top” manufactured by Isolite Pubcock Fireproof Co., Ltd.) was heat-treated. , crystalline alumina-silica short fibers having a mullite crystal content of 5 owt% were prepared.Next, individual crystalline alumina-silica fibers having dimensions of 98 x 50 x 200 mm were prepared, as shown in Figs. 3 to 6, respectively. Short fibers 48 are substantially X-
Two-dimensional random parallel to 7 planes (A orientation), essentially Y
- Fiber volume oriented in two-dimensional random parallel to two planes (B orientation), two-dimensional random substantially parallel to the X-Y plane (C orientation), substantially three-dimensional random orientation (D orientation) Four types of fiber molded bodies 50 to 56 with a ratio of 15% were formed using colloidal silicon as a binder.

Next, each fiber molded body was heated to 600°C and heated to 250°C.
Place it in a mold of "C", pour 11 m of hot water into the mold, pour molten aluminum alloy (JIS standard ACIA) at 10°C into the mold, and pour the molten metal into a 1,000 kg mold using a plunger at about 200°C.
Pressure was applied at a pressure of g/ClI2.

The pressurized state was maintained until the molten aluminum alloy solidified completely. After the molten metal in the mold was completely solidified, the solidified body was removed from the mold, and a composite material made of an aluminum alloy reinforced with crystalline alumina-silica short fibers was cut from the solidified body.

Next, each composite material was subjected to solution treatment at 500°C for 6 hours and artificial aging treatment at 180°C for 6 hours, and each composite material was subjected to mechanical processing such as cutting. 3
The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis in Figures 6 to 6 correspond to the X axis in Figure 2, respectively.
Vanes were formed to correspond to the axis, Y axis, and Z axis.

Next, each vane was sequentially assembled into the compressor shown in FIG. 1, and an evaluation test for strength and wear resistance was conducted. The constituent material of the cylinder and rotor of the compressor used is a high-silicon aluminum alloy (AΔ standard △390), and the strength evaluation is based on a fluid that avoids rapid compression of liquefied refrigerant and plans the durability strength at that time. A compression test is performed, and the wear resistance is evaluated by operating the compressor at a predetermined high temperature for a predetermined period of time.
In this case, it is determined whether scuffing occurs on both sides of the vane, that is, the sliding movement with the rotor, and whether or not excessive scuffing occurs on the outside of the vane, that is, the sliding movement with the inner surface of the cylinder. This was done by making a judgment.

The results of these tests are shown in Table 1 below. In addition, in Table 1, abrasion resistance ■ and abrasion resistance ■ mean the abrasion resistance of both sides and the outer end surface of the vane, respectively, and O indicates excellent durable strength or abrasion resistance. , × indicates that the material is inferior in terms of durable strength or abrasion resistance.

Table 1 Random circle ■ Wear resistance I To group LLLL 〇 〇 〇B ○ × O CX OX D X X It can be seen that it is excellent in strength and wear resistance.

Specific example 2 Reinforcing fibers have an average fiber diameter of about 3 μm and an average lIH length of about 1
1 alumina short story, II (Shirifil J manufactured by ICI Corporation, 95wt% A+ 203, the remainder is substantially Sin!
The volume fraction of alumina short fibers was set to 7%, and a magnesium alloy (JIS
Class 411 vanes were manufactured in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that Standard MC2) was used, and each vane was tested for strength and strength in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1. A wear resistance evaluation test was conducted. The cylinder and rotor of the compressor used in this case were made of high-silicon aluminum alloy (AA standard A390).
, tempered chromium 114 (JIS standard SCr 20)
Met.

As a result of the test, it was found that the A-oriented vanes of the present invention were superior in strength and wear resistance to vanes with any other orientation as comparative examples.

Concrete@3 Reinforcing fibers with average fiber diameter of 0.3 μm and average fiber length of approximately 1
00 μm silicon carbide whiskers (manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.) were used, the volume fraction of voice force was set to 25%, a fiber molded body was formed without using a binder, and aluminum alloy <JIS standard AC was used as the matrix metal.
Class 48 vanes were manufactured in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1 above, except that 7A) was used, and each vane was tested for strength in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1. And a wear resistance evaluation test was conducted.

As a result of the test, it was found that the A-oriented vanes of the present invention were superior in strength and wear resistance to vanes with any other orientation as comparative examples.

Specific example 4 Reinforced tU fiber with average m fiber diameter of 1μ11 and average fiber length of about 10
0 μm silicon nitride whisker (manufactured by Tateho Chemical Co., Ltd.)
was used, the volume fraction of voice force was set to 40%, and aluminum alloy (JIS standard A) was used as the matrix metal.
C8A> was used/, except for one point, four types of vanes were manufactured in the same manner and conditions as in Example 1 above, and each vane was manufactured in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1. Evaluation tests for strength and abrasion resistance were conducted.

As a result of the test, it was found that the Δ-oriented vanes of the present invention were superior in strength and wear resistance to vanes with any other orientation as comparative examples.

In each of the above-mentioned examples, a comparison was not made with a vane reinforced with fibers oriented in one direction perpendicular to both sides of the vane, but the vane of the present invention has excellent strength and external strength. It is clear that the end face wear resistance is far superior to such vanes.

Although the present invention has been described above in detail with reference to several embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various other embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. This will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a vane compressor incorporating vanes according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing one vane shown in Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 to 6 are various views. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a fiber molded article in an oriented state. 2...Cylinder, 4...Housing, 6...@ wire, 8...Inner surface, 10.12...Intake boat, 14.
16... Intake plenum, 18.20... Exhaust boat, 22.24... Exhaust blenum, 26... Rotor with vane, 28-34... Vane receiving groove, 36...
Vane, 38... Cylinder chamber, 40... Outer end surface, 4
2.44...side. 46...Short fiber, 48...Crystalline alumina-silica short fiber, 50-56...Fiber molded article patent Applicant: Toyota Motor Corporation representative
Attorney Patent Attorney Masatake Akashi Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] It has a cylinder and a vaned rotor that rotates around a rotational axis within the cylinder, and as the rotor rotates, the vanes slide on their outer end surfaces along the inner surface of the cylinder. A vane for a vane compressor that reciprocates substantially in the radial direction of the rotor in a groove provided in the rotor, and is made of a fiber-reinforced metal composite material composite reinforced with short fibers, The short fibers are two-dimensionally randomly oriented along a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis.