JPS62209361A - Immune reaction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a measuring pretreatment time, by providing a water tank under a rotary rotor, which holds a reaction tube receiving an immune reaction liquid in a loop state, in a liftable manner and providing a hot water or cooling water recirculation change-over device and a reaction tube shaking device in the water tank. CONSTITUTION:A large number of reaction tubes receiving an immune reaction liquid are inserted in the holder 24 of a rotor 20 and, from this state, a lid body 12 is applied to a housing 11 to start an immune reaction apparatus 10. A water tank lifting and falling apparatus 50 moves a water tank 40 to the uppermost rising position and, at the same time, hot water is supplied into the water tank 40 by the order of a recirculation change-over apparatus. During the recirculation of hot water, a stirrer 70 is operated at every predetermined time to perform the promotion and uniformization of complement titer reaction. After reaction, the hot water in the water tank 40 is replaced with cooling water by the order of a change-over control apparatus to stop complement titer reaction. After the elapse of a required time, the apparatus 50 performs falling operation to return the water tank 40 to the original position. Subsequently, a rotor driving apparatus 30 rotates the rotor 20 to separate the reaction liquid into serum and blood-clot. By this method, a measuring pretreatment time can be shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an immune reaction device, and particularly to an immune reaction device suitable for measuring serum complement value.

(Conventional technology) Nowadays, research on complement has progressed and the relationship between complement and diseases has become clearer. Nowadays, measurement of serum complement value is used as a clinical test for many diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus. It has become indispensable.

To measure this serum complement value, an application of Mayer's 50% hemolysis method is widely used, and measurement using this 50% hemolysis method requires the procedure shown in Figure 4. .

CA) As shown in Figure 4 (a), 50% of a certain number of sensitized red blood cells are added to the required amount (for example, 3 m) in a reaction tube! Dispense inside.

(B) As shown in No. 41gC port), the reaction tube l of (A)
A required amount (for example, 10 g) of test serum is added to the solution to generate a reaction solution.

(C) As shown in FIG. 4(C), the reaction tube l containing the reaction solution produced in (B) is immersed in hot water 7 at 37°C for approximately 60 minutes while shaking and mixing from time to time. Heat for 1 minute to promote complement response.

(D) As shown in Figure 4 (d), the reaction solution in which the complement value reaction was sufficiently performed in (C) was immersed in ice water 8 at about 4°C to 5°C, and the complement value was Stop the reaction.

(E) As shown in FIG. 4 (E), the reaction solution that has undergone the complement value reaction in (D) is placed in a centrifuge 2 and centrifuged.

(F) As shown in Figure 4 (F), use a pipette to aspirate only the required amount of the serum 3 portion of the reaction solution, which has been separated into serum 3 and blood clot 4 by centrifugation, and transfer this to the colorimeter 5. After colorimetric measurement using, for example, a wave [541 nm], this is pumped together with washing water to the waste tank 6 and discarded.

[The problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, in the conventional complement titer measurement method, the reaction tube l must be manually shaken and stirred in the step (C), and the reaction tube l must be manually shaken in the step (D). In addition to having to transfer the reaction tube l from the hot water tank to the ice water tank, it is also necessary to prepare hot water and ice water and to control the temperature.Furthermore, in step (E) above, this is also manually transferred from the ice water tank to the centrifugal separator. This type of immune reaction treatment is extremely tedious and time-consuming, as it requires a lot of manpower to set up the immune system. Was.

(Structure and operation for solving the problems) The present invention was devised in view of the current situation, and its purpose is to solve the problems, especially when measuring complement value.
It is possible to automatically perform so-called pre-treatment of the reaction solution, such as reaction acceleration treatment, reaction termination treatment, and separation treatment of serum and blood clots, thereby greatly simplifying this type of measurement pre-treatment. In addition, the present invention aims to provide an inexpensive immune reaction device that can significantly shorten the time required for pretreatment.

In order to achieve the object 2, the present invention provides an immunoassay device with a rotor that holds a required number of reaction tubes containing an immune reaction solution in a loop shape, and a rotor drive device that rotates the rotor. a water tank disposed below the rotor L; a water tank lifting device for controlling the elevation of the water tank; a circulation switching control device for circulating hot water or cooling water in the water tank; and a water tank immersed in water in the water tank. and a stirring device for shaking the reaction tube.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an example shown in the accompanying drawings.

The immune reaction device 10 according to this example is as follows.

As shown in FIG. 1, a rotor 20 holds a required number of reaction tubes l in a loop shape containing a reaction solution of a required amount of sensitized red blood cells and a required amount of test serum, and the rotor 20 is controlled to rotate. A rotor drive device 30 for controlling the water tank 40, a water tank 40 disposed below the water tank 20, a water tank lifting device 50 for lifting and lowering the water tank 40, A circulation switching control device 60 that selectively introduces and circulates water (approximately 4°C to 5°C) and a lower part 1a of the reaction tube 1 immersed in water in the water tank 40 are oscillated to stir the reaction liquid. and a stirring mold 2170, and each of these components is housed in a casing 11 formed in a concave Fti surface. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 12 indicates four bodies, and the lid body 12 is removably covered with the upper opening of the housing 11, and the lid body 12 is equipped with a safety switch (
(not shown) is attached, and the lid 12 is attached to the housing 1.
1, the rotor 20 is configured not to rotate. Further, the reference numeral 14 in the figure is ffr
The water receiving body 14 is designed to receive water adhering to the surface of the reaction tube l and to drain it out of the casing 11 through an electromagnetic on-off valve 15. It acts on

The rotor 20 includes a main body 21 formed in a disc shape, a required number of substantially concave planar holding holes 22 formed at predetermined intervals along the outer circumferential direction of the main body 21, and a shaft in each of these holding holes 22. a holder 24 rotatably supported via a holder 23;
It consists of

The opening of each holding hole 22, which is formed in a substantially concave shape in plan, is opened toward the outside of the rotor. Further, the holter 24 is formed into a cylindrical shape, and when the reaction tube 1 is inserted, it holds the reaction tube 1 so that it does not fall downward, and when the rotor 20 rotates at high speed, the reaction tube 1 is When it becomes horizontal,
The reaction tube 1 is held via a shaft 23 so as not to come into contact with the circumferential surface of the holding hole 22.

The rotor 20 configured in this manner is centrifugally rotated (2000 rpm, 5 minutes) via the rotor drive device 30.
Or when the reaction tube l is immersed in the water tank 40,
Rotated and controlled at low speed.

The rotor drive device 30 includes a motor 32 fixed to a bracket 31 attached to the inner bottom of the housing 11, and a shaft 33 that transmits the rotational force of the motor 32 to the rotor 20. The shaft 33 is attached to a column 34 that is firmly fixed to the upper surface of the bracket 31.
It is housed and supported in a hollow part 35 inside via a bearing 36. Further, a fixing piece 37 is formed at one end of the shaft 33, and the fixing piece 37 is connected to the bottom surface of the rotor 20 by a bolt 38 in a state 59.

The aquarium 40 includes a ring-shaped aquarium body 41 with a concave cross section, a water guide hole 42 and a drainage hole 43 separately provided at appropriate positions at the bottom of the aquarium body 41, and a support body that holds the aquarium body 41. It consists of 44.

The water introduction hole 42 and the drainage hole 43 are opened diagonally,
It is connected to the circulation switching control device 60 to introduce hot water or cooling water into the water tank body 41, drain it, and circulate it.

Further, the support body 44 includes a cylindrical body 45 and a shelf 46 extending horizontally from the middle of the body 45. The support column 34 is disposed in the hollow part of the body part 45, and the body part 45
A female thread 47 is formed on the inner surface of the lower end portion to be screwed into a male thread 56 of an aquarium lifting device 50 to be described later. Further, an electromagnet 71 of a stirring device 70 to be described later is attached to the upper end flange fi4B of the body 45. The shelf piece 46 is formed into a disk shape, and its outer diameter is approximately the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the ring-shaped aquarium body 41. It is placed and fixed on the top surface of the

The aquarium lifting device 50 includes an aquarium elevating motor 51, a gear 53 fixed to a rotating shaft 52 of the aquarium elevating motor 51, a cylindrical body 55 having a gear 54 meshing with the gear 53, and an outer periphery of the cylindrical body 55. It consists of a male screw 56 engraved on the surface. The cylindrical body 55 has a body portion rotatably disposed between the support column 34 and the body portion 45 of the support body 44, and a male thread 56 is connected to the support body 44.
It is screwed together with the female thread 47 of No. 4. Further, the water tank lifting motor 51 is fixed to the bracket 31.

Therefore, by controlling the aquarium lifting motor 51 to rotate in forward and reverse directions, the rotational force is transmitted from the gear 53 to the gear 54 of the cylinder 55 to rotate the cylinder 55.
6 also rotates, so the support 44 having the female thread 47 screwed into the male thread 56 moves up or down.

The circulation switching side 9I*m6o is particularly as shown in FIG.
A circulation pump 62 interposed in the middle of a flow path 61 connected to a drainage hole 43 of a water tank 40, and this circulation pump 6.
2, a heating device 63 and a cooling device 64 arranged downstream of these six units 2163, 64, on-off solenoid valves 65, 66, these on-off solenoid valves 65, 66, and the above-mentioned The heating device 63 and the opening/closing solenoid valve 65 and the cooling device 64 and the opening/closing solenoid valve 66 are connected in parallel to each other through the passage 61°. 67.

Therefore, when hot water is supplied and circulated in the water tank 40, the heating device 63 is turned on and the on-off solenoid valve 65 is set to the oven, while the cooling device 64 is turned off and set.
and open/close'': r!, set the magnetic valve 66 to all valves 66's. After being set in this way, by turning on the circulation pump 62, the water in the water tank 40 flows through the flow path 61. The hot water is pumped into the heating device 63 and heated to near the body temperature in the device 63. The hot water flows through the flow path 67 from the on-off solenoid valve 65 and is forced into the water tank 40 again. Hot water circulates according to the instructions.

In addition, when supplying cooling water into the water tank 40 from the above state, the heating bag W163 is turned off and the opening/closing solenoid valve 65 is set to close, while the cooling device 64 is turned on, and The on-off solenoid valve 66 is set to open, and the hot water can be easily cooled by following the same procedure as described above.

The stirring device 70 includes an electromagnet 71 disposed on the upper flange portion 48 of the support body 44, a stirring body 72 disposed below the electromagnet 71, and a cylindrical body 7 supporting the stirring body 72.
3, and the water 'P m fifl 72 of the stirring body 72
a magnetic body 7 disposed directly below the electromagnet 71
4, the upper end flange portion 48 of the support body 44, and the stirring body 7.
The spring 75 is disposed between the two horizontal plane portions 72a, and normally biases the stirring body 72 in a direction away from the electromagnet 71 (direction F in the illustrated embodiment). The stirring body 72 includes a horizontal surface portion 72a to which the magnetic material 74 is fixed in the direction of the cylindrical body, a wall surface portion 72b bent vertically downward from the water tank side end of the horizontal surface portion 72a, and a lower end of the wall surface. Inclined surface portion 72 formed by bending in the direction of expanding the diameter.
c, and this inclined surface portion 72c is constructed so as to come into contact with the bottom surface of the reaction tube 1 when the water tank 40 is at its highest level.

Therefore, when stirring the reaction liquid with this stirring device 70, the water tank BK device 50 is turned on and the water tank 40 is transferred to the highest position. In this state, the stirring body 72
The inclined surface portion 72c contacts the bottom of the reaction tube l immersed in the raised water tank 40. After this state is set, the electromagnet 71 is turned on. As a result, the magnetic body 74 is attracted to the electromagnet 71 and the stirring body 72
rises against the biasing force of the spring 75, the bottom of the reaction tube l is pressed against the inclined surface portion 72c, and is tilted counterclockwise around the shaft 23 as a fulcrum, as shown by the phantom line in FIG. It will be done. Next, when the power of the electromagnet 71 is turned off, the suction operation of the electromagnet 71 is stopped, and the stirring body 72 is returned to its original position by the biasing force of the spring 75, and the reaction tube 1 is also moved accordingly. The reaction liquid in the reaction tube 1 is stirred by the rocking of the reaction tube 1 by repeating 0 or more operations of rotating in the direction and returning to the vertical state several times.

Next, the operation of the immune reaction device 2110 according to the above embodiment will be explained.

Dispense 50% of a certain number of sensitized red blood cells into the required amount of reaction tube l, and add the required amount of test serum collected from each patient to this to generate a reaction solution. A reaction tube of 17 liters of water was added.

It is inserted into the holder 24 of the rotor 20 and set.

From this state, when the four bodies 12 of the casing 11 are covered with the casing 11 and the start switch (not shown) of the immune reaction device IO is turned on, the aquarium lifting device 2250 is turned on and the aquarium 4 is turned on.
0 to the highest position, the circulation switching control device 60 issues a command to circulate hot water, supplies hot water into the water tank 40, circulates it while maintaining a temperature of approximately 37°C, and then immerses the water in the same hot water. The complement value reaction of the reaction solution in the reaction tube 1 is promoted. This hot water circulation is carried out for about 60 minutes, during which the stirring device 70 is turned on at predetermined intervals to stir one reaction solution and homogenize one reaction. Furthermore, at this time.

The rotor 20 may be rotated slowly to homogenize the reaction.

After heating and stirring the reaction solution for about 60 minutes,
The circulation switching control device 60 converts the hot water circulation command into cooling water (4
℃~5℃) Switch to the circulation command, which causes the water tank 4 to
The hot water in the tank 40 is gradually replaced with cooling water, and after a required period of time, the cooling water is circulated in the water tank 40 and the complement value reaction of the reaction liquid is stopped.

After the required time has elapsed, the water tank lifting device 50 is lowered to move the water tank 40 back to its original position (solid line position in Figure 1), and then the rotor drive device 30 is turned on to move the rotor 20 up and down.
One reaction solution is separated into serum and blood clot by spinning at a speed of 0.00 rpm for about 5 minutes (centrifugation). At this time, water droplets adhering to the surface of the reaction tube 1 are blown toward the inner wall surface of the casing 11 as the rotor 20 rotates.

These water droplets are transferred to the '7tLla on/off valve 1 via the water receiving body 14.
5 and drains out of the housing 11.

When the above immune reaction treatment is completed, the cover body 12 is removed from the cover body 11.
Next, the reaction tube l is removed from the holder 24, and after collecting the required amount of serum, the serum is set in a separately installed optical measuring device (not shown), and a predetermined wavelength (for example, 5
41n■) and determine whether it is normal or abnormal based on the measured value.

No. 31-W shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a wave-shaped unevenness continuous to copulation is formed on the inclined surface 72'c of the stirring body 72, and the rotor drive device 3
Except for the structure in which the reaction tube 1 is rocked by slowly rotating the rotor 20 when the water tank is at its highest level at zero, the other structures and functions are the same as those of the first embodiment. The same reference numerals as in the first embodiment are used in the drawings, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted here.

Since the second embodiment is configured as described above, the electromagnet 71 of the first embodiment. Since the magnetic body 74, the spring 75, and other drive control means are not required, the number of parts can be significantly reduced, and further simplification and cost reduction can be achieved.

Note that this invention is not intended for complement value reactions, but for heating→
Of course, this method can be applied to all analytical devices that require cooling and centrifugation.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the immune reaction device according to the present invention is configured as described above, it is particularly suitable for so-called pre-processing of the complement value measurement work that has been performed manually. The heating acceleration treatment, cooling reaction termination treatment, and centrifugation treatment of the reaction solution can be performed automatically, which greatly simplifies this type of work.Moreover, since it is automated, there is no need to transfer reaction tubes. Since the amount of work is greatly reduced, processing time can be significantly shortened, labor costs can also be saved, and furthermore, since the structure is simple, it can be provided at a low price.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the configuration of an immune reaction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a hot water and cooling water circulation switching control device, and FIG. 3 is a second embodiment of the present invention. A partially cutaway perspective view showing the configuration of a stirrer constituting the immune reaction device according to the example, and FIGS. It is a diagram. (Explanation of symbols) l...Reaction tube 10...Immune reaction device 20...
-Rotor 30...Rotor drive device 40-...Water tank SO-...Water tank lifting device 60--Circulation switching control device 70...Agitation device

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rotor that holds a required number of reaction tubes containing immune reaction solutions in a loop, a rotor drive device that rotates the rotor, a water tank disposed below the rotor, and a water tank that controls the elevation of the water tank. An immune reaction device comprising: a lifting device, a circulation switching control device that circulates hot water or cooling water in the water tank, and a stirring device that swings a reaction tube immersed in water in the water tank.