JPS62190314A - High load combustion method for coal and water slurry and device thereof - Google Patents
High load combustion method for coal and water slurry and device thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62190314A JPS62190314A JP61006306A JP630686A JPS62190314A JP S62190314 A JPS62190314 A JP S62190314A JP 61006306 A JP61006306 A JP 61006306A JP 630686 A JP630686 A JP 630686A JP S62190314 A JPS62190314 A JP S62190314A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- cws
- furnace
- ash
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、CWSの燃焼過程で灰分を除去して、CWS
を燃料とするボイラへの適用範囲を拡げて、CWSの商
業化を促進するようにしたCWSO高負荷燃焼方法及び
その装置に間する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention removes ash during the combustion process of CWS.
This paper presents a CWSO high-load combustion method and its device that expands the scope of application to boilers using CWS as fuel and promotes the commercialization of CWS.
従来の技術
CWSは微粉化した石炭に溶媒として水を利用して添加
剤を加えてスラリー化した燃料であり、CWSの製造方
法として脱灰したものと、未脱灰のものがある。未脱灰
のものは灰分を10〜30%含んでおり、また脱灰した
ものでも現状の脱灰技術では3%程度が商業的な限界で
ある。CWSには長所として、液体燃料と同しように扱
えること、水が含まれているので自然発火の危険がなく
貯蔵、ハンドリングに便利なことなどがあるが、欠点と
しては、未脱灰のものは当然ながら微粉炭ボイラ同様の
高濃度の灰を考慮したボイラ構造が必要であるが、脱灰
したCWSても3%というのは、例えば重油ボイラに比
べてボイラ構造上次を考慮したものとせさるを得ない。Conventional technology CWS is a fuel made by adding additives to pulverized coal using water as a solvent to form a slurry, and there are two ways to produce CWS: one that is deashed and one that is not deashed. Undeashed ones contain 10 to 30% ash, and even deashed ones have a commercial limit of about 3% using current deashing technology. The advantages of CWS include that it can be handled in the same way as liquid fuel, and because it contains water, there is no risk of spontaneous combustion, making it convenient to store and handle. Naturally, it is necessary to have a boiler structure that takes into account the high concentration of ash, similar to a pulverized coal boiler, but the 3% ash content even for deashed CWS requires consideration of the following in the boiler structure compared to, for example, a heavy oil boiler. I don't get it.
既設で適用可能な燃焼室形式は、火炉では灰の捕集と排
出が可能な微粉炭燃焼ボイラあるいはトラベリングスト
ーカボイラ等の灰分が炉底に落下してもよいもので、ボ
イラ本体の形状、水管ピッチ等が高濃度の飛灰に刻して
考慮されているものに限られる。Combustion chamber types that can be used in existing installations include pulverized coal combustion boilers that can collect and discharge ash in the furnace, or traveling stoker boilers that allow ash to fall to the bottom of the furnace. It is limited to those whose pitch etc. are carved into highly concentrated fly ash.
特に重油等灰分の少ない燃料を燃焼しているボイラの燃
料転換にCWSを適用する場合には、改造が大規模にな
るか、改造適用範囲が非常に狭くさりCWSの商業化を
阻害する要因ともなる。In particular, when CWS is applied to fuel conversion of boilers that burn fuel with low ash content such as heavy oil, the modification will be large-scale or the scope of modification will be very narrow, which is a factor that hinders the commercialization of CWS. Become.
しかるに、ボイラ設置台数では上記の灰分を含まない、
すなわち飛灰を考慮していないものかはとんとであり、
CWSの灰分な1%程度にする技術は開発途上にあるが
CWS製造コストの上昇はさけられず、これが燃料転換
のメリットを減少させ現実的な解決にはなりにくいのが
現状である。However, the number of installed boilers does not include the above ash content.
In other words, it is difficult to say that fly ash is not taken into consideration.
Although technology to reduce the ash content of CWS to around 1% is under development, the increase in CWS manufacturing costs is unavoidable, and this reduces the benefits of fuel conversion, making it difficult to provide a realistic solution.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
本発明の目的は、既に達成されている灰分3%程度のC
WSを既設あるいは新設にかかわらず重油。Problems to be Solved by the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of C
Heavy oil regardless of whether the WS is already installed or newly installed.
ガス等流体燃料燃焼ボイラと同様のボイラ構造に適用し
て、既設の場合は改造費の低コスト化及び改造適用ボイ
ラ機種の拡大、新設の場合はボイラのコンパクト化によ
る設備費の低コスト化によるCWS燃料による商業化を
促進するために、燃焼過程で灰分をほとんど除去する燃
焼方法及びその装置を提供することにある。Applied to the same boiler structure as a gas or other fluid fuel combustion boiler, it reduces the cost of modification and expands the range of boiler models that can be modified in the case of existing installations, and reduces equipment costs by making the boiler more compact in the case of new installations. In order to promote the commercialization of CWS fuel, it is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion method and apparatus that remove most of the ash during the combustion process.
問題点を解決するための手段
すなわち、本発明の燃焼方法はCWSをCWSが構成す
る石炭の灰の溶融点以上で燃焼する融灰式燃焼法をCW
Sに適用するものである。Means for solving the problems, that is, the combustion method of the present invention is a combustion method in which CWS is burned at a temperature higher than the melting point of the coal ash constituting the CWS.
This applies to S.
CWSは通常150,000〜200,00 oKc−
1/n+程度の火炉負荷によって燃焼されているが、本
発明では1,500,000〜10,000,000”
/−の火炉負荷で高負荷燃焼させ、炉内温度を石炭灰の
溶融点である1500〜1600℃以上に高めCWSを
燃焼させながら石炭灰を溶して液状で流出させ除去する
ようにしたものである。CWS usually costs 150,000 to 200,00 oKc-
Although combustion is performed with a furnace load of about 1/n+, in the present invention, the furnace load is 1,500,000 to 10,000,000"
A furnace that performs high-load combustion at a furnace load of /- and raises the temperature inside the furnace to 1,500 to 1,600 degrees Celsius, which is the melting point of coal ash, and burns the CWS while melting the coal ash and letting it flow out in liquid form and remove it. It is.
そして、その具体的手段としては、一端にCWS噴霧ノ
ズルを設け他端に燃焼ガスの出口を有するCWSの一次
燃焼炉を用い、前記c w S 1lltノズルの外周
に一次空気旋回室を設け、着火部の後方に二次空気の高
速旋回流を送入する送入口を形成し、出口近傍の炉周壁
下部に溶融灰取出口を形成し、該部をガス流に刻して水
平又は下り勾配としたものである。As a specific means, a CWS primary combustion furnace is used which has a CWS spray nozzle at one end and a combustion gas outlet at the other end, and a primary air swirling chamber is provided around the outer periphery of the cws 1llt nozzle. An inlet for introducing a high-speed swirling flow of secondary air is formed at the rear of the section, and a molten ash outlet is formed at the bottom of the furnace peripheral wall near the outlet, and this section is carved into the gas flow to create a horizontal or downward slope. This is what I did.
作用
したがって、この炉においては、一次空気の旋回流中に
CWSを噴霧することにより着火部が形成され、その直
後に二次空気の高速旋回流を送入することによりCWS
の石炭粒子は遠心力によって該炉周壁に押し当てられ、
該炉周壁を流下中に灰の溶融点以上の高温域で旋回燃焼
が行わせられることによってCWSの燃焼がほぼ完了さ
せられ、その後溶融灰は該炉周壁から除去され、燃焼ガ
スと未燃ガスは二次燃焼炉に送り込まれて完全燃焼が行
われるのである。Therefore, in this furnace, the ignition zone is formed by spraying CWS into the swirling flow of primary air, and immediately after that, the CWS is formed by introducing a high-speed swirling flow of secondary air.
The coal particles are pressed against the furnace peripheral wall by centrifugal force,
Combustion of the CWS is almost completed by swirling combustion at a high temperature above the melting point of the ash while flowing down the furnace wall, and then the molten ash is removed from the furnace wall, and combustion gas and unburned gas are is sent to a secondary combustion furnace for complete combustion.
実施例
以下、本発明の1実施例を第1図乃至第4図を参照して
説明する。Embodiment Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
図において、1は一次燃焼炉を構成する高負荷溶融燃焼
炉であって、一端にCWSlljI霧ノズル2が設けら
れ他端には燃焼ガスの出口3が形成されている。In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a high-load melting and combustion furnace constituting a primary combustion furnace, in which a CWSII mist nozzle 2 is provided at one end and a combustion gas outlet 3 is formed at the other end.
そして、前記噴霧ノズル2の外周には一次空気旋回室4
が設けられ、該部4には酸素に冨む一次空気がほぼ石炭
燃焼理論空気量の10〜30%程度一次空気旋回翼5を
介して送入される。A primary air swirling chamber 4 is provided on the outer periphery of the spray nozzle 2.
is provided, and primary air rich in oxygen is fed into the section 4 via a primary air swirler 5 in an amount of about 10 to 30% of the theoretical coal combustion air amount.
6はCWSの着火と火炎を安定させる着火部であり、核
部の直後には、二次空気の高速旋回流が形成されている
。そのため、炉周壁に二次空気旋回翼7が形成され、二
次空気は導入管8から二次空気旋回翼7を介して炉内に
高速で旋回されながら石炭燃焼理論空気量の70〜10
0%程度(一次空気量との和)送入される。6 is an ignition part that stabilizes the ignition and flame of the CWS, and a high-speed swirling flow of secondary air is formed immediately after the core part. Therefore, secondary air swirl vanes 7 are formed on the furnace peripheral wall, and the secondary air is swirled from the inlet pipe 8 into the furnace through the secondary air swirl vanes 7 at high speed, and the theoretical amount of air for coal combustion is 70 to 10%.
Approximately 0% (sum of primary air amount) is fed.
この二次空気の高速旋回流の送入によって、CWSの石
炭粒子は遠心力によって該炉周壁に押し当てられ、該炉
周壁を流下中に灰の溶融点以上の高温域で1,500,
000〜10,000,000 K−/齢の火炉負荷で
高負荷旋回燃焼が行われ、これによってCWSの燃焼が
ほぼ完了させられる。By feeding this high-speed swirling flow of secondary air, the coal particles in the CWS are pressed against the furnace peripheral wall by centrifugal force, and while flowing down the furnace peripheral wall, the coal particles are heated to 1,500 m
A high-load swirl combustion is carried out at a furnace load of 000 to 10,000,000 K-/age, thereby almost completing the combustion of the CWS.
燃焼炉出口近傍の炉周壁下部には溶融灰取出口9が形成
されており、前記炉周壁を流下中に高負荷旋回燃焼によ
って生じた溶融灰は該溶融灰取出口9から排出除去され
る。旋回燃焼ガス流は、炉を水平にしても行われるが、
炉を多少下り勾配としたほうがよい。A molten ash outlet 9 is formed in the lower part of the furnace peripheral wall near the combustion furnace outlet, and molten ash generated by high-load swirl combustion while flowing down the furnace peripheral wall is discharged and removed from the molten ash outlet 9. Swirling combustion gas flow can also be done with the furnace horizontal, but
It is better to make the furnace a little downward slope.
このようにして灰分がほとんど(65〜90%)除去さ
れた燃焼ガスと未燃ガスは出口3から適当なボイラの燃
焼室へ送られる。The combustion gas and unburnt gas from which most of the ash content has been removed (65-90%) in this way are sent through the outlet 3 to the combustion chamber of a suitable boiler.
第4図は、本発明に係るCWSの高負荷溶融燃焼炉をと
して設けたCWS燃料燃焼ボイラの構成図てあり、高負
荷溶融燃焼炉1と、酸素富化装置11を備えた一次空気
供給ライン12と、CW S供給装置】3と、ボイラ1
4及Uエコノマイザ−15と、二次空気及び三次空気供
給ライン16と、空気予熱器17及び二次押込ファン1
8と、集塵器19、誘引ファン20等から構成されてい
る。FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a CWS fuel combustion boiler equipped with a CWS high-load melting-combustion furnace according to the present invention, and shows a primary air supply line equipped with a high-load melting-combustion furnace 1 and an oxygen enrichment device 11. 12, CW S supply device] 3, and boiler 1
4 and U economizer 15, secondary air and tertiary air supply line 16, air preheater 17 and secondary forced fan 1
8, a dust collector 19, an induction fan 20, etc.
図の場合、高負荷溶融燃焼炉1においてCWSからの灰
分はほとんど除去されているのて、ボイラ14内ての未
燃ガスの燃焼による灰の発生はほとんどなく、したがっ
て、これに用いられるボイラ14は、灰分の少ない燃料
を燃焼するボイラ構造とすることができる。In the case shown in the figure, since most of the ash from the CWS is removed in the high-load melting and combustion furnace 1, almost no ash is generated due to combustion of unburned gas in the boiler 14. can have a boiler structure that burns fuel with low ash content.
発明の効果
本発明は、CWSを高負荷溶融燃焼炉において灰分の溶
融点以上の高温で燃焼させ、旋回力により溶融灰を捕集
部まで到達させて捕集するので、新設、既設を問わず、
灰分の少ない燃料を燃焼するボイラ構造にCWSを適用
可能とするものである。Effects of the Invention The present invention burns CWS at a high temperature higher than the melting point of ash in a high-load melting and combustion furnace, and uses swirling force to cause the molten ash to reach the collection section and collect it. ,
CWS can be applied to boiler structures that burn fuel with low ash content.
そして、一次空気の量を理論空気量の10〜30%とし
、これを酸素に冨む空気として旋回送入させた場合には
、非常に安定した着火と火炎が得られるのである。When the amount of primary air is set to 10 to 30% of the theoretical air amount and this air is swirled as oxygen-rich air, very stable ignition and flame can be obtained.
【図面の簡単な説明】
第1図は本発明の方法及び装置を実施するための炉の断
面図、第2図は第1図の■−■断面図、第3図は第1図
の■−■断面図、第4図はCWS燃料燃焼ボイラの構成
図を示す。[Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a furnace for carrying out the method and apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along -■ in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along -■ in Fig. 1. -■ Cross-sectional view, FIG. 4 shows a configuration diagram of a CWS fuel combustion boiler.
Claims (4)
・水・スラリー(以下、CWSという)を噴霧すること
により着火部を形成し、その直後に二次空気の高速旋回
流を送入することによりCWSの石炭粒子を遠心力によ
つて該炉周壁に押し当て、該炉周壁を流下中に灰の溶融
点以上の高温域で旋回燃焼を行わせることによりCWS
の燃焼をほぼ完了させた後、溶融灰を該炉周壁から除去
し、しかる後に燃焼ガスと未燃ガスを二次燃焼炉に送り
込んで完全燃焼を行わせることを特徴とするCWSの高
負荷燃焼方法。(1) In the primary combustion furnace, an ignition zone is formed by spraying coal, water, and slurry (hereinafter referred to as CWS) into the swirling flow of primary air, and immediately after that, a high-speed swirling flow of secondary air is introduced. By doing so, the CWS coal particles are pressed against the furnace peripheral wall by centrifugal force, and swirl combustion is performed at a high temperature region above the melting point of the ash while flowing down the furnace peripheral wall.
CWS high-load combustion is characterized in that after almost complete combustion, molten ash is removed from the furnace peripheral wall, and then the combustion gas and unburned gas are sent to a secondary combustion furnace for complete combustion. Method.
これを酸素に富む空気として旋回送入させたことを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載のCWSの高負荷燃焼
方法。(2) The amount of primary air is 10 to 30% of the theoretical air amount,
2. A high-load combustion method for CWS according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen-rich air is introduced in a swirling manner.
出口を有するCWSの一次燃焼炉であつて、前記CWS
噴霧ノズルの外周に一次空気旋回室を設け、着火部の後
方に二次空気の高速旋回流を送入する送入口を形成し、
出口近傍の炉周壁下部に溶融灰取出口を形成し、該炉を
ガス流に対して水平又は下り勾配としたことを特徴とす
るCWSの高負荷燃焼装置。(3) A CWS primary combustion furnace having a CWS spray nozzle at one end and a combustion gas outlet at the other end, wherein the CWS
A primary air swirling chamber is provided on the outer periphery of the spray nozzle, and an inlet is formed behind the ignition section to feed a high-speed swirling flow of secondary air.
A high-load combustion device for CWS, characterized in that a molten ash outlet is formed in the lower part of the furnace peripheral wall near the outlet, and the furnace is oriented horizontally or downwardly with respect to the gas flow.
体燃料を燃焼させるに適したボイラの燃焼室に連結した
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第3項記載のCWSの
高負荷燃焼装置。(4) High-load combustion in the CWS according to claim 3, characterized in that the outlet of the combustion gas of the primary combustion furnace is connected to the combustion chamber of a boiler suitable for burning fluid fuel with a low ash content. Device.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP61006306A JPS62190314A (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1986-01-17 | High load combustion method for coal and water slurry and device thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP61006306A JPS62190314A (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1986-01-17 | High load combustion method for coal and water slurry and device thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS62190314A true JPS62190314A (en) | 1987-08-20 |
JPH035486B2 JPH035486B2 (en) | 1991-01-25 |
Family
ID=11634686
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP61006306A Granted JPS62190314A (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1986-01-17 | High load combustion method for coal and water slurry and device thereof |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS62190314A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02133703A (en) * | 1988-06-24 | 1990-05-22 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Gas recovery method for coal partial burning furnace |
CN102925195A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-02-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ethylene cracking furnace combustion system taking water-coal-slurry as fuel |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5037037A (en) * | 1973-06-27 | 1975-04-07 | ||
JPS56162308A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1981-12-14 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Burning method for slurry |
JPS60191118A (en) * | 1983-12-15 | 1985-09-28 | ザ・バブコツク・アンド・ウイルコツクス・カンパニ− | Combustion of coal-water slurry |
JPS60181520U (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-12-02 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Pulverized coal combustion equipment |
-
1986
- 1986-01-17 JP JP61006306A patent/JPS62190314A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5037037A (en) * | 1973-06-27 | 1975-04-07 | ||
JPS56162308A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1981-12-14 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Burning method for slurry |
JPS60191118A (en) * | 1983-12-15 | 1985-09-28 | ザ・バブコツク・アンド・ウイルコツクス・カンパニ− | Combustion of coal-water slurry |
JPS60181520U (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-12-02 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Pulverized coal combustion equipment |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02133703A (en) * | 1988-06-24 | 1990-05-22 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Gas recovery method for coal partial burning furnace |
CN102925195A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-02-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ethylene cracking furnace combustion system taking water-coal-slurry as fuel |
CN102925195B (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-09-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ethylene cracking furnace combustion system taking water-coal-slurry as fuel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH035486B2 (en) | 1991-01-25 |
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