JPS62189296A - Method and apparatus for mechanical drilling of vertical pit - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Field of Application" The present invention relates to a method for mechanically excavating a shaft, its equipment, and l1M. This is a drilling method for lining the inner surface of a drilled hole with a lining of a predetermined strength, and its equipment.

``Prior Art'' In general, vertical shafts are subject to the influence of the soil conditions of the ground, etc., and are required to ensure that 110% of the space within the shaft is stable.

Conventionally, for the internal lining of such shafts, for example, rock bolt, concrete spraying, and concrete I construction methods have been applied.

After excavating the bedrock, spray concrete (10 to 2
0 cm ) and rock bolts (length 2 to +1 m, bolt diameter 18 to 24 mm) to apply internal pressure to the shaft wall, allowing deformation of other mountains, and -
Next, by releasing the stress in the ground to a certain extent, the load-bearing capacity of the lining can be prevented from becoming too large, and the equipment in the shaft can be maintained.
This prevents deterioration due to stress changes in the surrounding rock and prevents weathering of the surrounding rock.

By the way, when constructing a facility to bury high-level radioactive waste deep underground or a facility to store compressed air underground using the internal space of the shaft, there is a risk of contamination of groundwater by radioactive waste, Special consideration must be given to the leakage of compressed air to the ground surface, so it is necessary to prevent deterioration of the rock around the shaft, and it is necessary to construct the shaft without deforming other mountains as much as possible. .

However, the rock bolt/spray concrete method does not have sufficient strength to prevent the deformation of the ground, and the long-term durability of the supporting material is poor.

Therefore, as a result of intensive research into the prevention of deterioration due to stress changes in the surrounding rock, the applicant and others have found that if a highly rigid lining is installed as early as possible as close to the face as possible, the loosening, deformation, and stress of other mountains can be reduced. We came up with the idea that the opening could be kept to a minimum.

However, the shaft deterioration zone is formed due to the opening of cracks in the surrounding rock mass due to a decrease in the radial window horns of the rock mass and the destruction of the surrounding rock mass due to an increase in circumferential stress. By applying internal pressure to the shaft wall through a lining, it is possible to recover the radial stress and reduce the circumferential stress. However, it only works by passively repelling the inward movement of the rock, so it is important to install a shoring lining with as high rigidity as possible as close to the face as possible immediately after excavation. It is desirable.

Figure 2 schematically shows the protrusion of the rock near the shaft face and the expansion of the degraded area A.
The radial stress does not decrease that much and the deterioration area A is small, but as the excavation progresses and the distance from the face increases, the radial stress decreases. The increase in the circumferential stress and the generation of the deterioration zone A are completed. In general, the distance is said to be from the face to a point 1 times the diameter of the shaft 'I', therefore 6 m
diameter (tin cut diameter is 7 m), a highly rigid lining made of, for example, high-strength concrete should be implemented within 7 m from the face and as close to the face as possible.

As a construction method that satisfies these points, a step construction method using blasting as shown in Fig. 3 has been proposed. As shown in Figure 3 (a) and (b), Hanawamoto's method is to drill a long hole 1 at the bottom of the shaft T, load explosives into this long hole 1, By blasting this, the bedrock at the bottom is crushed, and the crushed shear 2 is discharged to proceed with digging. As shown in Figure 3 (c), a vertical shaft T is dug to a certain depth. After advancing, the formwork 3 is placed along the inner peripheral surface of the excavation hole without ejecting the shear 2, and concrete 1 and 4 are placed inside the formwork 3, as shown in Fig. 3 (d).
The concrete 4 is poured and the surrounding area near the face is lined, and then the scraping under this concrete 4 is discharged.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" The present invention is intended to solve the following problems in the conventional technology described above.

In other words, in the Moe 8 Shinoko short step construction method, it is difficult and unskillful to place concrete 1 and 4 near the face at an early stage. Considering the time it takes for the concrete 1 to develop its rigidity, there is a problem in that it is unclear to what extent the effect of suppressing the deteriorated area of the shaft is being exerted.

The present invention was proposed in view of the circumstances in Article 01j, and its purpose is to be able to construct a shaft lining with high strength and high rigidity near the face, and to prevent loosening, deformation, and stress of the ground. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for excavating a vertical shaft and an apparatus thereof that can minimize opening.

"Means for solving the problem" In order to achieve this purpose, the construction method of the first invention:
A mechanical excavation method in which the entire surface of the ground to be excavated is excavated downward using a cutter drum at the tip of the excavator body while moving a boom-type excavator body whose base end is pin-coupled to a revolving table. The excavator body is moved downward while following the progress of excavation by υt, and then, each time the excavator is moved downward, rk1 is
A ring-shaped formwork is arranged to match the shape of the inner circumferential surface of the drilled hole, and a lining material of a specified strength is placed in the space between the formwork and the drilled hole. It is Party B who is constructing the lining.

The mechanical excavator of the second invention is a machine for excavating a shaft (111 excavator), which has a cutter drum rotatably installed at the tip (1), and a long excavator main body, and a proximal end of the excavator main body. (1) A revolving table which is connected with a pin to support the excavator body; a sliding fixing means for fixing the revolving table to the inner wall of the shaft; A hydraulic cylinder for elevating the machine body to hold it at a desired radial position, a discharging means for discharging excavated debris, and a hydraulic cylinder for elevating the machine body to hold it at a desired radial position; It is equipped with a formwork for lining which is assembled in a ring shape.

Embodiment J Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the mechanical excavation apparatus of the present invention, which includes an excavator main body 10 for excavating earth, and an inner wall of a shaft T (in FIG. 1, a lining). concrete
), a fixing means 12 for fixing to the wall 11), a control device I3 for rotating and extending and contracting the excavator main body IO, and a hydraulic cylinder 14 for elevating and elevating the excavator main body 10 and holding it at an arbitrary radial position; a discharge means 15 for discharging excavation sludge;
The excavator is mainly composed of a lining formwork 17 that is assembled in an annular shape near the face so as to follow the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the excavated borehole 16, and the excavator is controlled by a control device 13 and an elevation hydraulic cylinder 14. While moving the main body 10, the cutter drum 18 at the tip of the excavator main body IO cut the rock (other mountains), and after excavating it into a predetermined shape, it was cast into the lining formwork 17. The inner periphery of the excavated hole 16 is covered with concrete.

In addition, this excavation device M also includes a wire W of a hoisting machine (not shown), etc.
It is suspended via a support table 19 that forms a scaffold during excavation.

After reviewing these main components, the excavator main body IO includes a cutting frame 21 whose base end is pin-jointed to the revolving table 20, and a cutting frame 21 that is attached to the tip of this cutting frame 21 (J is attached to the deceleration gear and drive The cutter drum 18 is comprised of a driving means 22 consisting of a motor, and the cutter drum 18 rotatably supported at the tip of the driving means 22 and having a cutting bit attached to its entire surface.

Further, the fixing means 12 includes a support body 2 having a function of vertically expanding and contracting when supporting the rotation of the excavator body 10.
6 and this support body 2G is attached to the bottom two stages of ``1'' and supports this support body 26 at the center of the shaft 'r'', 1.
It is composed of a hydraulic cylinder 27.

A plurality of hydraulic cylinders 27 (for example, 3111+) are attached radially to the outer periphery of the support body 26, and by extending them, the leg plate 28 provided at the tip of the a-rad is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the concrete wall 11. At a pressure Uo, the support body 26 is supported at the center of the shaft 'I' as shown in the drawing. It is designed to be

Also, control device 1 to rotate and extend/contract the excavator main body IO:
3 is the support 1-1? The opening 1 is provided in the second part of the main body 26.
; Rotate the cutting machine body 10 [Notary table 2
9 and this [3, rotary table 29, which is comprised of a saw naka 1111 and a cylinder 30 installed between the notary table 29 and the support body 26,] 1 [
i diary sentence 1. ? The doll's spur teeth are attached to the upper part of a rotating shaft supported within the main body 26, and this is driven to rotate by two drive devices that combine a 411-pressure motor and a planetary reduction gear.

When the base end of the elevation cylinder I4 is pin-jointed to the turning table 20 and supported, the tip of its rod 14a is pin-jointed to the cutting frame 21 and the excavator main body lO It is configured to rotate vertically.

Further, the ejecting means 15 removes the excavated rock (sludge) from the excavator main body 10 by using a suction device to remove the excavated rock from the cutter drum 18.
The air is sent to an upper air lift pipe 32 through a suction pipe 31 installed directly above the air, and is discharged to the outside through this air lift pipe 32.

Also, to add some additional information about the lining formwork 17,
This is used for the purpose of forming the lining concrete wall 11 on the inner peripheral surface of the pilot pit IO, so a bottom formwork 17a for forming the lower surface of the concrete wall 11 and a side formwork for forming the inner peripheral surface are used. 17b, it is said to have a double composition,
For example, it can be attached to the excavation equipment M integrally or detachably. Further, a work floor plate 3, which constitutes a scaffold for workers, is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the side formwork 17b. Note that this formwork 17 is not limited to the one in the illustrated example; for example, concrete can be placed in the formwork "11".
After pouring, the formwork may be moved continuously to adjust the shape of the concrete.

In addition, the reference numeral 35 in the figure is a hopper, which receives concrete (high-strength concrete) supplied from the outside and fills the space between the surface lining formwork 17 and the inner surface of the excavated wall 16 through a supply pipe 36. The concrete is being poured on S.

Next, an embodiment of the method of the present invention using the acupuncture drilling device M configured as described above will be described.

To excavate 1r well T, the ground to be excavated 2 (ground surface)
Then, the excavator M is suspended from a hoist or the like via the support table 19, and the cutter drum 18 at the tip of the excavator body is rotated to start excavation. , while moving the excavator main body 10 using the control device 13 and the downward direction (Al hydraulic cylinder 14).
The ground is excavated downward, and the excavated waste is discharged from one air lift pipe 32 through a suction pipe 31.

Then, excavation is performed for the length of the formwork 17 (for example, 2.5 m).
As the excavation progresses, a lining form 17 is placed near the face of the excavation hole 16 formed by the excavation, and as the excavation progresses, the U
゛Place high-strength concrete in the lever and drill hole 1.
The operation of lining the inner peripheral surface of No. 6 with concrete 1 and wall 11 is repeated. In addition, in the old record factory, the control device,! After completing the excavation in the extension range of 7i13, the entire excavation equipment is lowered one after another, each time by the fixing means 12, that is, by the hydraulic cylinder 27.
The excavator main body 10 is fixed by extending the leg plate 28 and pressing the leg plate 28 against the inner wall of the =1 concrete wall 1.1,
Proceed with 1G1 excavation with the excavator body 10.

In addition, the concrete 1 poured in the formwork 17 is as follows:
It is made by mixing high-strength mixed concrete with early hard cutting, etc. In this case, the formwork can be removed early and the deformation of other parts can be suppressed. Mix and cure so that it develops.

By the above procedure, the shaft T shown in FIG. 1 is constructed.

According to such an excavation method, each time the lining formwork 17 is moved in the excavation direction of the excavator main body IO, the inner circumferential surface of the excavation hole 16 near the face is strengthened at an early stage. Since it is possible to use a concrete lining construction method, it is possible to prevent the deformation of the ground from protruding into the shaft, thereby preventing the deterioration of the rock around the shaft and the increase in water permeability and air permeability. .

Further, according to the embodiment, deformation of the ground can be suppressed, so
A very large stress will occur in the lining, but since the lining is made of high-strength concrete or even higher-strength lining material, the lining will be destroyed by the stress. There are 11 shortcomings, such as not having any issues.

] - Effects of the invention As explained below, according to the excavation method of the present invention,
As the n11 cutting progresses with the main body, a formwork for lining is placed on the inner peripheral surface of the excavated hole made by the excavation, and a lining material of a predetermined strength is poured into this formwork. This makes it possible to work very close to the face with a lining of a specified strength, thereby improving the quality of the shaft and creating a lining with excellent long-term durability. can do.

In addition, this can prevent the deformation of the earth from protruding into the shaft (excavation hole), and can prevent the deterioration of the rock around the shaft and the increase in water permeability and air permeability.

Further, according to the excavation equipment of the present invention, lining work can be performed without stopping the excavation work as described above, so work efficiency can be improved, construction period can be shortened, and costs can be reduced. I can try to figure it out.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the mechanical excavation device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing the protrusion of the rock near the shaft face and the expansion of the deteriorated area, and Fig. 3 ( A) to C) are shown in order to explain the conventional construction method step by step, and are respectively side sectional views. Gl... 'f'i board of unexcavated 1.1 < minutes, A...
・Deterioration area, ′■゛ River ・Shaft, M ・Machine! +! i J
)+i i'ill device, 10... excavation tube body, 11... contour 1 wall, 12... old fixing means, 13... control device, γl, 14... Looking down (r1
Pressure cylinder for 1, 15... Exhaust jJi T 1st stage, 16...
...Drilling hole, 17... Formwork for lining, I8
... Cutter drum, I9 ... Support table, 20 ... Swivel table knife 21 ... Cutting frame, 22 ... Drive means, 26 ... Support body, 27 ...MIJ pressure cylinder, 28...
・Legs, 29...Rotary table, 3o...
... Telescopic cylinder, 31 ... Suction pipe, 3
2... Airlift I pipe, 35...
・Hopper, 36...! J1 supply pipe.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A mechanical excavation method in which the entire surface of the ground to be excavated is excavated downward using a cutter drum at the tip of the excavator body while moving a boom-type excavator body whose base end is pin-coupled to a revolving table. , the excavator body is moved downward while following the progress of excavation by the cutter drum to discharge shear, and then, each time the excavator is moved downward, excavation is performed near the face of the excavation hole formed thereby. A ring-shaped formwork is arranged to follow the shape of the inner circumferential surface of the hole, and a lining material of a specified strength is placed in the space between the formwork and the hole to cover the inner surface of the hole. A mechanical excavation method for vertical shafts. (2) In a mechanical excavator for excavating a shaft, a long excavator body is rotatably provided with a cutter drum at its tip, and the base end of the excavator body is connected with a pin to support the excavator body. A turning table, a fixing means for fixing the turning table to the inner wall of the shaft, a control device for turning and extending and contracting the excavator main body, and an elevating hydraulic cylinder for elevating and holding the excavator main body at an arbitrary radial position. , a vertical shaft characterized by comprising a discharge means for discharging excavation sludge, and a lining formwork assembled in an annular shape near the face so as to follow the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the excavated borehole. Mechanical drilling rig.