JPH01131790A - Shaft excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To efficiently carry out muck outside a pit to attain a short construction period and excavation at low cost by providing an excavating machine main body, a means for pouring water, a muck carrying device, a slurry carrying device, and a primary lining constructing means. CONSTITUTION: A drilling machine main body 4 is fitted to the underside of the lower step part 1c of a scaffold 1, a muck carrying device 5 and a slurry carrying device 6 are respectively loaded on the lower step part 1c and the middle step part 1b, and a water pouring means 21 constituted of a water supply pipe 18, a flow regulating valve 19, and a water level detector 20, and a primary lining constructing means 38 constituted of a concrete spraying pipe 39 and a concrete spraying device 40 are provided. Depth of water W at a working face is kept constant by the pouring means 21, drilled muck is carried together with water to be collected by the device 5, the muck is mixed with water into slurry by the device 6. While the slurry is carried to a pit mouth and continuously carried out outside the pit, the excavating machine is advanced while constructing primary lining on the pit wall directly over the water surface.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a shaft excavation device that is particularly effective for use in excavating deep shafts.

``Conventional technology'' When excavating a shaft, especially a shaft at a depth of several hundred meters, how efficiently the excavated debris can be transported outside the shaft is the key to shortening the construction period and reducing costs. This is an important issue.

Conventionally, in order to transport excavated debris out of the mine, the excavated debris is loaded into kibble or packets and rolled up.

■ Fill the mine with water and raise the excavated shear using an air lift pump, or use the so-called reverse circulation method to pump out water along with the excavated shear.
Separate drilling slag from water outside the mine.

The following methods are generally considered.

Therefore, conventional shaft excavation equipment is equipped with or attached with various types of shear removal devices depending on the adopted shear removal method.

"Problem to be solved by the invention" However, by transporting the excavated debris using the kibble described in (■) above, the excavated debris can only be transported intermittently.
In addition, it is not efficient as it takes a long time to wind up and unwind the kibble or packet, and it cannot be used in deep shafts.

In addition, by filling the pit with water as described in (■) above, although it is possible to carry out the shear continuously, it is not possible to provide a primary lining to the pit wall during excavation, and the excavator is submerged in water and exposed to high water pressure. In addition to requiring adequate watertightness and water pressure resistance, there is also the problem that when maintaining an excavator, the excavator must be pulled out of the mine or a large amount of water that has filled the mine must be drained. be.

As described above, none of the conventional means for carrying out the sliding is sufficiently effective, so instead of the above methods, it is possible to efficiently carry out the excavated debris outside the mine, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing costs. It has been desired to provide a means by which this can be sufficiently achieved.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and it involves injecting water into the main body of an excavator disposed in a mine and into the face, and controlling the amount of water injected. A water injection means capable of maintaining a constant water depth at the face; and a water injection means attached to the excavator body to convey and collect the excavated sludge excavated by the excavator body together with the water injected into the face, and the collected excavated sludge. and water to form a slurry and a slurry conveying device;
A slurry transport device is disposed after the shear transport device and transports the slurry generated by the shear transport device to the well mouth and discharged outside the mine, and a slurry transport device that provides a primary lining to the shaft wall directly above the water surface. It is characterized by comprising a primary lining construction means for applying the primary lining.

"Embodiments" Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

1 to 3 show the schematic structure of the excavation equipment A of this embodiment, and the reference numeral l in the figures indicates that the upper part 1a, the middle part 1b, and the lower part 1c are connected by a connecting member 1d... This scaffold L is suspended from the mine entrance above ground level into the mine by a sheave 2, and the outer periphery of each of the upper part 1a, middle part 1b, and lower part 1c is It is held in a predetermined position by pressing grippers 3 attached to the shaft against the shaft wall.

Further, reference numeral 4 indicates that the proximal end is the lower part 1c of the scaffold 1.
The excavator body A is rotatably supported at the center and extends downward, and a bit 4a is attached to the tip of the excavator body. It is possible to excavate a vertical shaft.

In the lower part 1c and middle part tb of the scaffold 1,
A shear conveyance device 5 and a slurry conveyance device 6 are each mounted.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the shear conveying device 5 mounted on the lower part 1c of the scaffold 1 includes a jet pump driving pump 7, a stirring tank 8, a stirring pump 9, and a crusher l.
It is composed of a slurry pump 11, which collects the shear excavated by the excavator body 4 together with water and guides it to the stirring tank 8, where the shear and water are mixed to form a slurry, and the slurry is further The above slurry transport device 6
It is intended to be sent to

That is, the jet pump driving pump 7 is connected to the water supply pipe 1
2 is discharged as high-pressure jet water through the discharge pipe 13 into the shear discharge pipe 14 attached to the side of the excavator main body 4. From the shear suction port 15 provided in the vicinity of the bit 4a, excavation shear is sucked together with water W that is injected into the mine while maintaining a constant water depth, and the sucked shear and water are passed through the discharge pipe 14 and crushed. It is designed to be fed under pressure to the machine IO. The crusher IO crushes the pressure-fed scraps into fine pieces and puts them into the stirring tank 8. The scraps and water put into the stirring tank 8 are stirred by the stirring pump 9 to become a slurry, and the slurry is sent to the slurry by the slurry bomb 11. The slurry is sent to the above-mentioned slurry transport device 6 through a transport pipe 16.

The water supply pipe 12 connected to the jet pump driving pump 7 is connected to a make-up water pipe 17, and this make-up water pipe 1
7 is connected to a return pipe 37 via a suction pipe 35 of the main pump 22, which will be described later, and fresh water is supplied from the return pipe 37. Makeup water is also supplied to the stirring tank 8 and slurry pump 11 from the make-up water pipe 17, and a make-up water pipe 18 to the face is also connected to the make-up water pipe 17. A flow rate adjustment valve 19 is installed in the middle of the supply water pipe 18 to the face,
The opening degree of this flow rate regulating valve 19 is adjusted according to the water level detected by the water level detector 20, thereby adjusting the amount of water supplied to the face, so that the water depth at the face is always maintained constant. There is. The above-mentioned supply wood pipe 18, flow rate adjustment valve 19, and water level detector 20 are connected to water injection means 21 to the face.
It constitutes. Note that the arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the direction in which water and slurry flow.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the slurry transport device 6 mounted on the middle section 1b of the scaffold 1 includes a main pump 22, a pair of pressure tanks 23a and 23b, and respective pressure tanks. A filter 24 attached to the slurry allows water to pass through the slurry and prevents shear from passing through.
a, 24b as the main components, the above-mentioned shear conveyance device 5
By concentrating the slurry sent from the mine and transporting it to the wellhead, the shear is discharged outside the mine.

The basic structure and operating principle of this slurry transport device 6 will be explained with reference to FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, branch pipes 16a and 16b of the transport pipe 16 to which slurry is sent from the shear transport device 5 are connected to each tank 23a and 23b via suction check valves 25a and 25b. and a branch pipe 26a of the transport pipe 26 extending to the wellhead;
26b are connected via discharge check valves 27a and 27b. Further, the above-mentioned filters 24a and 24b attached to each tank 23a and 23b include a header pipe 28a,
28b are connected and their header pipes 28a, 28b
is connected to two pipes 29 and 30, with valves 31 and 32 in the middle of the pipe 29 and valve 33 in the middle of the pipe 30.
．． 34 are arranged respectively. The suction pipe 35 and discharge pipe 36 of the main pump 22 are connected to these pipes 29 and 30, respectively.

This slurry transport device 6 opens and closes each valve to switch the flow path of the slurry, thereby concentrating and temporarily storing the slurry sent through the transport pipe 16 in one tank, and at the same time, transferring the slurry to the other tank. By discharging the concentrated slurry stored inside the mine, the shear can be continuously transported outside the mine.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4(a), the main pump 2'''
When the main pump 22 is operated with valves 31 and 34 of the two valves open and valves 32 and 33 closed, the slurry sent through the conveying pipe 16 will flow into the tank as shown by the arrow in the figure. The tank 2 passes through the suction check valve 25a on the 23a side.
It gets sucked into 3a. Then, the slurry is passed through the filter 24.
When passing through a, the water in the slurry passes through, but the shear is prevented from passing through, so the slurry is concentrated in the tank 23a, and a large amount of shear is stored in the tank 23a. The water that has passed through the filter 24a is sent to the other tank 23b through the filter 24b by the main pump 22, and the slurry that has been concentrated and stored in the tank 23b is sent to the discharge check valve 27b.
It is discharged through the transport pipe 26 and transported outside the mine.

When the concentrated slurry in the tank 23b is discharged, the valve 31
．． 34 is closed and valves 32 and 33 are opened. This results in (
As shown in b), the slurry flows in the opposite direction, and this time, the slurry is concentrated in the tank 23b and the shear is stored, and the slurry that was concentrated and stored in the tank 23a is discharged into the transport pipe 26. That will happen.

Then, the concentrated slurry transported outside the mine as described above is separated into water and shear outside the mine, and the water after the shear is separated becomes clean water as shown in Figures 1 and 2. It is again supplied to the main pump 22 through the return pipe 37 connected to the suction pipe 35 of the main pump 22, and a part of it is used to drive the jet pump of the shear conveying device 5 through the above-mentioned make-up water pipe 17 as already mentioned. Pump 7, stirring tank 8
, is supplied to the slurry pump 11, and is further supplied to the water injection means 21.
Therefore, water is also supplied to the face through the supply water pipe 18.

Furthermore, this excavation equipment A includes a concrete spraying device (secondary lining construction means) for applying a primary lining to the tunnel wall.
38 are provided. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a concrete spray pipe 39 for spraying concrete onto the mine wall is provided in the lower part 1C of the scaffold l, projecting downward. Concrete is sent from a concrete spraying device 40 mounted on the scaffold 1, which is movable in the direction and circumferentially along the inner surface of the pit wall.
It is designed to be able to spray the entire circumference of the mine wall just above the water surface.

Note that the reference numeral 41 in FIG. 2 is a hydraulic unit, and the reference numeral 42 in FIGS. 2 and 3 is an opening for transporting articles. Further, although not shown in the drawings, a dust collector is mounted on the upper section 1a of the scuff deck 1.

The configuration of the drilling equipment A has been described above, and next, a method for excavating a shaft using this drilling equipment A will be described.

First, suspend the scaffold L in the mine and use the gripper 3.
The excavator main body 4 is held at a predetermined position by ..., and water W is injected into the mine until the depth reaches such that only the tip of the excavator main body 4 is submerged. Then, excavation by the excavator main body 4 is started, and the operation of the shear transport device 5 and the slurry transport device 6 is started.

As a result, as already mentioned, the excavated waste becomes slurry and is carried out of the mine. In addition, since the shear is sucked together with the water W, the water level of the water W injected into the face will drop if left as is, but make-up water is automatically supplied from the make-up water pipe 18 to compensate for this, and the water level of the water W is always maintained. held constant.

Furthermore, at the same time as the excavation, concrete is sprayed onto the tunnel wall directly above the water surface using a concrete spray pipe 39 to provide a primary lining. In this case, it is desirable to apply the secondary lining to a position as close as possible to the water surface, and the dimension C shown in FIG. 1 is preferably about 1 meter, for example, and about 3 meters at the maximum.

According to the drilling equipment A described above, the water depth at the face is maintained constant by the water injection means 21 to such an extent that only the tip of the excavator body 4 is submerged in water. Watertightness and water pressure resistance are not required for the excavator and the equipment attached to it, and maintenance such as bit replacement can be easily performed underground.

In addition, since the shear is continuously transported as slurry by the shear conveying device 5 and the slurry transport device 6, it is possible to obtain overwhelmingly high efficiency compared to the conventional transportation using kibble. Since the device 6 is capable of obtaining a sufficiently high head and transportation volume, it is possible to sufficiently shorten the construction period and reduce costs.

Furthermore, since water is supplied from above to the main pump 22 for transporting slurry, the generated pressure can be lowered by the actual head corresponding to the excavation depth, making it possible to save energy.

Furthermore, in this excavation equipment A, concrete spraying equipment 3
8 allows excavation while performing primary lining by spraying concrete on the pit wall just above the water surface, making it possible to cope with collapse of the pit wall and abnormal water leakage during excavation.

In addition, if the depth of the shaft is extremely large and the slurry transport device 6 mounted on drilling rig A cannot transport the slurry to the wellhead due to insufficient lifting height, a slurry transport device for relaying is installed in the middle of the shaft to transport the slurry. It would be better to transport it to the mine entrance while relaying the information. Also, scaffold l
, excavator main body 4, shear transport device 5, slurry transport device 6
, the water injection means 21, the secondary lining construction means 38, etc., are not limited to those described above, and it goes without saying that appropriate design changes can be made.

``Effects of the Invention'' As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, the water depth at the face is maintained constant by the water injection means to such an extent that only the tip of the excavator body is submerged. Unlike the case of filling a mine with water, the excavator and its attached equipment are not required to be watertight or water pressure resistant, and maintenance such as bit replacement can be easily performed inside the mine.

In addition, since the slurry is continuously transported as a slurry using a conveying device and a slurry transport device, it is possible to obtain overwhelmingly high efficiency compared to the conventional transport using kibble.Moreover, the slurry transport device has a sufficiently high Since it is possible to obtain transportation time, pickpocket transportation can be carried out extremely efficiently, and therefore, it is possible to sufficiently shorten the construction period and cost of shaft excavation work.

Furthermore, this excavation equipment can excavate while applying a primary lining to the tunnel wall just above the water surface using the secondary lining construction method, so it can prevent collapse of the tunnel wall or abnormal water flow during excavation. can do.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 show the schematic configuration of an excavation rig according to an embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 1 being an elevational view and Figure 2 being a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 1. The figure is I[[-II
4 (A) and 4 (B), which are cross-sectional views taken along the line I, are diagrams for explaining the basic configuration of the slurry transport device and its operating principle. A...Drilling equipment, W...Water, 4...
... Excavator main body, 5 ... Shear conveyance device, 6.
... Slurry transport device, 21 ... Injection means, 38 ... Concrete spraying device (-next lining construction means), 39 ... Concrete spray pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] an excavator body disposed in the mine; a water injection means capable of injecting water into the face and controlling the amount of water injected to maintain a constant water depth at the face; A slurry conveying device which conveys and collects the excavated sludge excavated by the machine body together with water injected into the face, and mixes the collected excavated slag with water to form a slurry; a slurry transport device that transports the slurry generated by the shear transport device to the mine entrance and discharges it outside the mine; and a primary lining construction means for applying a primary lining to the shaft wall directly above the water surface. A vertical shaft excavation device characterized by comprising: