JP2002332792A - Shaft sinking device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shaft sinking device capable of continuously and efficiently excavating and discharging excavated soil. SOLUTION: This shaft sinking device 1 for excavating a shaft and discharging the excavated soil, comprises an excavating device 2 with at least one of a cutter 22 and a scraper 23 mounted to a face plate 21, a kneading device 3 provided at the back face of the face plate to knead the excavated soil into a muddy soil state, a soil discharging device 4 comprising a screw conveyor 41, a muddy water tank 5 connected to the soil discharging device, a muddy water treating platen 7 for treating muddy water, and a muddy water transporter 6 comprising a mud discharge pipe 61 and a mud feed pipe 62 connecting the muddy water tank to the muddy water plant.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shaft excavation apparatus for excavating a shaft and discharging excavated soil without using a shield method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In conventional shaft excavation, excavated soil blasted or excavated by a machine is carried out by combining a shaft loader and a bucket. On the ground to which the shield method can be applied, there is a method of continuously excavating a shaft, discharging excavated soil, and assembling segments. Further, there is a method of discharging excavated soil from a chain conveyor by using a bucket elevator and a skip hoist using a full-section cutter head.

[0003]

The above-described conventional shaft excavation has the following problems. <A> When the excavated soil is carried out by the bucket method, the carry-out time increases as the excavation distance increases, so that the excavation speed decreases. <B> In the case of unloading of excavated soil by muddy water shield method,
A segment is required to maintain water tightness around the machine. In addition, in the case of the mud pressure shield method, it is necessary to prepare a large-scale mud pressure pump. <C> In the case of the muddy water shield method, it is necessary to work near the pressurized digging surface to replace the digging cutter, and the working environment is not always good.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shaft excavation apparatus capable of continuously and efficiently excavating and discharging excavated soil. And It is another object of the present invention to provide a shaft excavation device capable of reliably discharging excavated soil. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a shaft excavation device capable of reliably discharging excavated soil even when the length of excavation of the shaft becomes long. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a shaft excavator capable of easily excavating a cutter in a safe working environment. The present invention achieves at least one of these objects.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a shaft excavator according to the present invention is a shaft excavator for excavating a shaft and discharging excavated soil, wherein at least a cutter and a cutter are provided on a face plate. An excavating device to which one of the scrapers is attached, a kneading device for kneading excavated soil provided on the back surface of the face plate in a muddy state, a discharging device including a screw conveyor, a mud tank connected to the discharging device, and muddy water. A muddy water treatment plant, and a muddy water transport device comprising a mud drain pipe and a mud pipe connecting the muddy water tank and the muddy water plant.

Here, an injection device including an injection material plant for injecting into the excavated soil and an injection pipe can be provided. By adding an additive to the excavated soil, the excavated soil can be made muddy and plastic fluidity can be promoted. In addition, it is possible to promote the discharge of the mud by pressurizing the mud with the injection device.

In the above shaft excavator, a truncated cone-shaped suction facilitator may be provided around the earth and sand suction port. Thereby, mud can be guided around the suction port.

Further, in the shaft excavator, a backflow preventive to the screw conveyor may be provided between the earth discharging device and the mud tank. The backflow prevention device preferably has a hinge structure that opens only to the mud tank. This can prevent the muddy water in the muddy water tank from flowing into the screw conveyor.

In the above shaft excavating apparatus, the cutter can be exchanged in a non-pressurized state by lifting the face plate by a jack and pulling the face plate away from the excavation surface.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<A> Overall Configuration A shaft excavating apparatus 1 includes an excavating apparatus 2 for excavating ground, a kneading apparatus 3 for kneading excavated soil, a discharging apparatus 4 for discharging excavated soil, muddy water and mud (hereinafter referred to as mud). , Muddy water, etc.), a muddy water transport device 6 for transporting muddy water, etc., a muddy water treatment plant 7 for treating muddy water, etc., and an injection for injecting an additive material for converting excavated soil into muddy soil. It is constituted by the device 8 (see FIG. 1).

<B> Drilling Apparatus The drilling apparatus 2 includes a face plate 21 which protrudes in a hat-shape to the outside, a cutter 22 attached to the face plate 21, and a scraper 23. As the cutter 22, a replaceable roller cutter or the like is used. The ground can be excavated by the scraper 23. Here, known cutters 22 and scrapers 23 may be used, and either one of them, or both of them may be used. The excavator 2 is rotated by a drive motor 24 or the like attached to a position where mud does not enter.

<C> Injecting device The injecting device 8 is a device for injecting an additive to be added in order to make the excavated soil excavated by the excavating device 2 into a muddy state. The chamber 3 filled with excavated soil by the injection device 8
The mud pressure of the mud in 3 can be adjusted. Injection device 8
Comprises an additive material plant 81 and an injection pipe 82. The injection pipe 82 is connected to the additive material plant 81 and the face plate 2.
A pipe connecting the inside of the plant 1 and the additive material plant 81
It plays a role in supplying additive materials to excavated soil. By adding the additive to the excavated soil, the particle size distribution of the excavated soil is improved, and plastic fluidity is promoted. As the additive, clay, bentonite, air bubbles, a polymeric thickener, and the like can be used.

<D> Kneading device The kneading device 3 is a device for kneading the excavated soil excavated by the excavating device 2 and the additive supplied from the injection device 8 in a chamber 33 filled with excavated soil. The kneading device 3 is composed of a scraping plate 31 having a triangular cross section for scraping excavated soil, a stirring rod 32 of a rod body, and the like. Stir plate 31 and stirring rod 3
The attachment position and the number of attachments of 2 can be arbitrarily adjusted.

<E> Discharge device 4 The discharge device 4 is a truncated cone-shaped suction promoting tool 42 for guiding the excavated soil in the form of mud to the suction port, and the mud sucked from the suction port to the mud tank 5. It is composed of a screw conveyor 41 to be transported. It is preferable that the rotation speed of the screw conveyor 41 be variable. The excavated soil is easily transported to the mud tank 5 by mechanically transporting the screw conveyor and adjusting the mud pressure by the injection device 8. That is, pressurization of the mud by the injection device 8 can assist in raising the mud.

<F> Mud tank The mud tank 5 is a container for storing mud carried through the earth discharging device 4. At the boundary between the muddy water tank 5 and the earth discharging device 4, a backflow prevention device 51 is arranged. The backflow prevention tool 51 is a valve configured to open only inside the muddy water tank 5 with a hinge, and plays a role of preventing the muddy water and the like in the muddy water tank 5 from flowing into the earth discharging device 4. Therefore, even if the mud pressure in the screw conveyor 41 becomes lower than the pressure in the mud tank 5, the mud tank 5
Does not flow back to the screw conveyor 41.

<G> Mud Transport System The mud transport device 6 is composed of a mud drain 61 for discharging mud and the like from the mud tank 5 and a mud pipe 62 for sending mud and the like to the mud tank 5. The sludge pipe 61 and the sludge pipe 62 are provided with an extension device 63 in the middle so that the pipes can be extended as the excavation proceeds. In addition, a shear jet device 52 or the like is provided at the outlet of the mud pipe 62 on the side of the mud tank 5 so that the outlet is not buried with the sediment sediment, and the sediment sediment can be stirred in the mud tank 5. It is preferable to use a simple configuration.

<H> Mud Water Treatment Plant The mud water treatment plant 7 is a plant that separates mud water and excavated soil in the fed mud and treats the mud water in a state that can be reused. That is, in the present invention, excavated soil discharged as mud is separated from mud in the mud treatment plant 7 and only the excavated soil is carried out. Then, the regenerated muddy water is sent again to the muddy water tank 5 through the mud pipe 62 and reused.

<Re> Cutter exchanging mechanism The front gripper 92 is opened, a reaction force is applied to the pit wall by the main gripper 91, and the face plate 21 is
To drop the excavated soil in the chamber 33 to the lower part. By doing so, the chamber 3 in a non-pressurized state
The cutter 22 can be safely exchanged within 3.

[0020]

As described above, the shaft excavator of the present invention can provide the following effects. <A> In the present invention, excavation and discharge of excavated soil can be performed continuously. Therefore, the shaft can be efficiently excavated. <B> In addition to the mechanical discharge mechanism using a screw conveyor, mud pressure is used for discharging the soil. Therefore, the excavated soil can be reliably discharged. Further, by adopting a configuration in which mud is temporarily stored in a mud tank and discharged outside the shaft by mud, excavated soil can be reliably discharged even when the excavation of the shaft is prolonged. <C> There is no need to ensure water tightness around the machine. Therefore, there is no need to use segments. <D> There is a kneading device for kneading excavated soil and additives in a muddy state. For this reason, excavated soil can be made into good mud before discharge, and the excavated soil can be easily discharged. <E> By pulling up the face plate, the cutter can be replaced without applying pressure. That is, the excavating cutter can be easily replaced in a safe working environment. <F> By providing the backflow prevention device between the earth removal device and the muddy water tank, it is possible to prevent inflow of muddy water and the like into the screw conveyor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of a shaft excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an AA sectional view and a BB sectional view of the shaft excavation apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the shaft excavator, taken along the line CC.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shaft excavation apparatus 2 ... Drilling apparatus 3 ... Kneading apparatus 4 ... Unloading apparatus 5 ... Mud tank 6 ... Mud transport apparatus 7 ... Mud treatment plant 8 ... Injection device

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A shaft excavation device for excavating a shaft and discharging excavated soil, wherein the excavation device includes at least one of a cutter and a scraper attached to a face plate; A kneading device for kneading, a discharging device including a screw conveyor, a mud tank connected to the discharging device, a mud treatment plant for processing mud, a mud pipe connecting the mud tank and the mud plant, and a feeder. A shaft excavation device, comprising a muddy water transport device comprising a mud pipe. 2. The shaft excavation device according to claim 1, further comprising an injection device including a plant for an additive to be injected into the excavated soil and an injection pipe. 3. The shaft excavation device according to claim 1, wherein a frusto-conical suction facilitator is provided around the sediment suction port. 4. The shaft excavation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a backflow preventive for a screw conveyor between the earth removal device and the muddy water tank. apparatus. 5. The shaft excavator according to claim 1, wherein the cutter is exchangeable without pressurization by lifting the face plate by a jack and pulling the face plate away from the excavation surface. Characteristic, shaft excavation equipment.