JP2643090B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention according to this application relates to a technique for dewatering excavated soil (earth and sand) excavated from ground and discharging the soil with a belt conveyor, and jetting water discharged from the ground and water dewatered from excavated soil. The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator that drains water with high efficiency using a pump.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a tunnel excavator configured to excavate excavated soil excavated from the ground using a belt conveyor is shown in FIG.
As shown in the cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 5, the excavation waste excavated by the cutter head 52 provided on the front surface of the excavator main body 51 is taken into the rear cutter chamber 53, and is disposed at the center of the excavator main body from the cutter chamber 53. In general, a belt is loaded on a belt conveyor 55 via the chute 54, and the belt conveyor 55 is used to discharge the earth to the rear of the excavator body and to carry it out by a bogie.

However, the ground excavated by the tunnel excavator is not always of the same geology, and depending on the geology, a large amount of groundwater may be discharged. When water is discharged in this manner, excavation waste containing a large amount of water is removed from the belt conveyor 5.
However, the excavation on the belt conveyor 55 containing water causes slippage and makes it impossible to discharge the soil, so that the tunnel excavator must be stopped.

[0004] Therefore, in general, an attempt is made to remove the excavation waste containing water by increasing the belt speed or making the mounting angle of the belt conveyor 55 gentle, but unless the water discharge amount is small. No effect can be obtained. Therefore, in the tunnel excavator 50, a method (conventional example 1) in which a drain pump 56 is provided behind the excavator and drained water is drained backward by the drain pump 56 is adopted. In the case of a large amount of water that cannot be drained from the tunnel, a widened portion 57 is provided on the side of the tunnel as shown in the plan view of FIG.
7, a drain hole 59 is provided in front of the excavator 50 by an advanced boring machine 58, and a method of draining ground water from the drain hole 59 before excavation (prior art 2) has been adopted.

On the other hand, even when water does not flow, a large amount of dust is generated during excavation by a tunnel excavator. Therefore, dust is normally suppressed by sprinkling water, and the sprinkled water is discharged by the belt conveyor 55 together with the excavation waste. ing.

[0006] As this kind of prior art, Japanese Patent Publication No.
-There is an invention described in Japanese Patent No. 32437, and this invention is configured to discharge excavation debris by a jet pump, but the amount of discharge debris and the size of the debris are restricted by the jet pump capacity, and the excavation distance is long. Since a large number of relay pumps are provided for discharge, a large amount of power is required. Therefore, it is difficult to employ a large-sized tunnel excavator instead of a discharge method using a belt conveyor.

[0007] As another conventional technique, Japanese Utility Model Publication No.
Although there is a device described in Japanese Patent No. 6477, this device uses a belt conveyor even in the case of soft soil by selectively using the open method and the closed method according to the hard or soft soil of the ground to be excavated. The purpose of the present invention is to enable the smooth transfer of earth and sand by preventing the earth pressure from directly acting on the water, and to make it possible to dewater and drain water from the earth and sand as in the invention according to this application. Not something.

[0008]

According to the drainage method of the prior art 1, the drainage pump 56 is used together with the excavation of the tunnel excavator.
It is necessary to prepare for flooding while relocating, so that much time and labor is required for the relocation operation, and even if the water is drained by this method, the drainage will be treated at the rear of the tunnel excavator. The effect of water is great, and excavation becomes impossible depending on the amount of flood water. In addition, since the head of the drainage pump 56 is limited, a plurality of drainage pumps 56 may be provided at a predetermined distance to perform drainage over a long distance.
It is necessary to connect a pipe and drain the water.

In addition, the drainage efficiency becomes extremely poor, especially when excavating on a down slope, and in the worst case there is a risk of flooding. Delays, for example, may result in delays of several months or more.

In the draining method of the above-mentioned conventional example 2, the side of the tunnel is excavated by manpower to provide the widened portion 57, and the widened portion 57 is advanced from the widened portion 57 to the advanced boring machine 58.
Accordingly, a large amount of labor and time are required for the operation of providing the drain hole 59 in front of the excavator 50. In addition, the excavation work stops while waiting for a decrease in water output together with such work. For example, the construction may stop for several months to one year, and the construction period is delayed and enormous construction costs are required. Resulting in.

As described above, the excavation waste is transferred to the belt conveyor 5.
In the conventional drainage method for the tunnel excavator that removes the soil in step 5, since excavation cannot be performed unless water is drained by any of the above drainage methods each time water is discharged, much construction time and cost are required until the completion of tunnel construction. Often needed.

In order to stop the flooding, there is a method of injecting a chemical into the ground to form an improved ground which does not allow the passage of groundwater. However, this method also requires a long construction period and cost.

On the other hand, when water is sprinkled from the rear of the cutter head 52 to prevent dust during excavation, if a large amount of water is contained in the excavation debris as described above, it becomes difficult to discharge the earth by the belt conveyor, and The amount of water is limited and a sufficient water spraying effect cannot be obtained, and therefore, it is necessary to rely on dust collection by a dust collector attached to the excavator.

In view of the above problems, the invention according to this application has
One object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator capable of draining water with high efficiency, and to provide a tunnel excavator capable of collecting dust in a cutter head without requiring a dust collector. One purpose.

[0015]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel excavator having a plurality of cutter buckets provided at a rear portion of a cutter head provided on a front surface of an excavator body.
Tsu DOO is formed, the cutter bucket and dehydrated structure takes a drilling shear was drilled in the <br/> cutter head into the cutter chamber, via a chute having a該掘cutting shear excavator body center in tunneling machine for earth removal to the excavator body behind are loading on the belt conveyor, provided with a jet pump to drain the water which had been dehydrated by the cut <br/> terpolymer bucket, the cutter an inlet of the jet pump A water storage tank provided at the lower part of the excavator body facing the rear surface of the bucket and storing water to be supplied to the jet pump.
And the drainage that stores the water drained by the jet pump
Tank and a jet pump for water in the water storage tank.
A driving water pump for supplying water to the
Drainage pump with drainage pump that drains water outside the level
Circulation configuring a system and circulating water in the drainage tank
A pump is provided, and solids are removed from water sent by the circulation pump.
A separation device for separating the
The separated water is supplied to the water storage tank, and the solid content is
It is characterized in that a circulation system for discharging to the conveyor is configured .

The tunneling machine according to claim 2, the請
In Motomeko first tunneling machine, the chute and dehydrated structure provided with an opening excavated muck guide surface before Symbol chute, provided with a jet pump to drain the water which had been dehydrated by the chute, the suction of the jet pump A mouth is provided below the chute.

The tunneling machine according to claim 3, the請
In the tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2,
A pressure detector on the pressure pump, and set the pressure of the pressure detector.
An open / close valve for closing the drainage line for a predetermined time
It is characterized by having.

[0018]

According to the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect, when there is water from the ground, the excavation waste excavated by the cutter head provided on the front surface of the excavator body is taken into the cutter chamber together with the water. drilling muck is raised by a plurality of cutter buckets formed in the rear of the cutter head, but the cutter bucket water is dehydrated for dehydrated structure. Then, this water is drained by a jet pump from a suction port of a jet pump provided at a lower portion of the excavator body facing the rear surface of the cutter bucket, and excavation slips are passed through a belt conveyor via a chute provided at the center of the excavator body. It is loaded on the top and discharged to the back of the excavator body.

Also, the drainage system allows the jet pump
Drive water pump from the storage tank that stores the water to be sent
The water sent to the jet pump is
It is stored in the drainage tank together with the wastewater and
When it goes up, it is drained outside by a drain pump. Further
In addition, the water in the drainage tank is
The water is sent to the separation device, and the solid content is
The separated water is supplied to the water storage tank, and the solid content is stored in the tank.
It is discharged on the belt conveyor. Therefore, in the drainage tank
Supply water separated from solids to the jet pump
A closed circuit that can be constructed.

According to the tunnel excavator according to claim 2,
When the operation of the tunnel excavator according to claim 1 is performed,
Both are taken into the cutter chamber with water
The excavated waste is loaded together with the water from the cutter chamber onto a belt conveyor via a chute provided in the center of the excavator body, but this chute has a dewatering structure with an opening on the excavated slide guide surface. Is dehydrated. Then, the water is drained by a jet pump from a suction port of a jet pump provided at a lower portion of the chute, and excavation waste is discharged to the rear of the excavator body by a belt conveyor.

According to the tunnel excavator according to the third aspect,
The operation of the tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2 is achieved.
And a pressure detector installed in the jet pump
If the pressure detected by
The drain pipe is closed for a predetermined time by an on-off valve provided in the pipe
The jet pump drive water reversely jets
Clogging of the suction port of the pump can be eliminated.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the invention according to the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a front portion of a tunnel excavator according to the present application, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

As shown in the figure, the tunnel excavator main body 1 has a cylindrical skin plate 2, and a cutter head 3 rotatably supported by a bearing 1a on the excavator main body 1 is provided at a front portion thereof. In this embodiment, the cutter head 3 is provided with a rock cutter 4 for rock excavation on the front surface thereof, and a cutter chamber partitioned by a bulk head 5 provided on a front end portion of the excavator body 1 at the rear thereof. 6 are formed.

A central portion of the bulkhead 5 is provided with a front portion of a belt conveyor 7 penetrating therethrough, and a chute 8 is provided above the front end portion such that an opening cross section decreases downward. ing.

Accordingly, the excavated scrap excavated by the roller cutter 4 is taken into the cutter chamber 6 at the rear of the cutter head 3 through the opening 3a, loaded on the belt conveyor 7 via the chute 8, and discharged. Have been.

In this embodiment, a plurality of cutter buckets 9 are formed in an annular shape with a frame member 10 at the rear of the cutter head 3, and perforated plates 9a and 9b are provided on the side and rear surfaces of the cutter bucket 9. Opening 1
1 (in this embodiment, for example, a large number of holes) is formed as a dehydration structure. The opening 11 may have another shape such as a triangle or a square, and may have any shape as long as water from the excavation waste can be drained. In addition, a suction port 13a of a jet pump 12 is provided below the excavator body 1 facing the rear surface of the cutter bucket 9, and the jet pump 12 extends the suction pipe 13 from the suction port 13a to the rear of the body 1. It is provided on a bent portion 13b formed while being raised upward, and is configured to squirt from the bent portion 13b toward the rear of the main body.

Further, in this embodiment, a water reservoir 14 is provided between the rear surface of the cutter bucket 9 and the jet pump inlet 13a. Even if there is a change in the amount of water generated due to the turning of the water, the amount of change is small in the water storage section 14 and the water collection efficiency is high, and efficient drainage treatment is possible by continuously draining water from the water storage section 14. .

On the other hand, the chute 8 has a slit-like opening 15 by arranging in parallel a plurality of round bars 8a inclined from the front to the rear on both sides, which are excavation slide guide surfaces in this embodiment. The chute 8 has a formed dewatering structure. Water collecting portions 16 are formed on both sides of the belt conveyor 7 of the chute 8. The opening 15
For example, it is possible to use a plate material provided with a large number of round holes or triangular holes, or a round bar may be provided in a mesh shape, the properties of excavation shears, the size of a tunnel excavator, or a chute. What is necessary is just to determine suitably according to the shape of FIG. And
A suction port 18a of a jet pump 17 is provided in the water collecting section 16 below the upper surface of the belt conveyor 7, and the jet pump 17 connects the suction pipe 18 to the suction port 18a.
Bent portion 18 formed while extending rearward from
b, and is configured to squirt from the bent portion 18b toward the rear of the main body. The position where the suction port 18a is provided is located below the chute 8, that is,
The water collecting portion 16 may be provided below the upper surface of the belt conveyor 7.

A preferred system in the above configuration is configured as shown in a system diagram showing an example of the entire system in FIG. 4, and includes a water storage tank 22 for storing water to be sent to the jet pumps 12 and 17 by a driving water pump 23, and a jet tank. Pumps 12, 17
A drainage system is configured by providing a drainage tank 19 for temporarily storing water to be drained by a drainage pump, and a drainage pump 24 for draining water in the drainage tank 19 at a predetermined level or more.
A circulating pump 20 for circulating water therein, and a cyclone 21 as a separation device for separating solids from the water fed by the circulating pump 20, and supplying water discharged from the cyclone 21 to a water storage tank 22. Constitutes a circulation system. 29 is an underground drainage pump.

Accordingly, small excavation debris and the like sent to the tank together with the drainage by the jet pumps 12 and 17 are separated by the cyclone 21 of the circulation system and loaded on the belt conveyor 7, and the solid content is removed by the cyclone 21. The supplied water is supplied to the water storage tank 22 to form a closed circuit that is used as driving water for the jet pumps 12 and 17.

According to the tunnel excavator S of this embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to dewater the excavation waste by operating as follows.

That is, excavated cuttings excavated by the roller cutter 4 provided in the cutter head 3 are taken into the cutter chamber 6, and the cutter bucket 9 having a dewatering structure having an opening 11 formed at the rear of the cutter head 3. The dewatered water is drained by the suction force of the jet pump 12 from the suction port 13a of the jet pump provided in the lower part of the excavator body 1 facing the rear surface of the cutter bucket 9 while being raised by the turning of the water. On the other hand, the excavated debris dewatered by the cutter bucket 9 is also dewatered when passing through the opening 15 formed in the earth and sand guide surface of the chute 8 of the dewatering structure provided at the center of the excavator body 1. Since the drained water is drained from the suction port 18a of the jet pump provided at the lower part of the belt conveyor 7 by the suction force of the jet pump 17, the water is efficiently drained from the suction port 13a provided at the lower part of the excavator body 1. Excavation waste can be quickly dewatered by drainage, and the dewatered excavation waste can be discharged to the rear of the excavator body 1 by the belt conveyor 7 without causing slippage.

As described above, by incorporating the jet pumps 12, 17 having a large suction force as a drainage system,
The water near the face is quickly drained by the vacuum action, and an efficient drainage system can be configured by using a system as shown in FIG.

Therefore, since the stop of the tunnel excavator S due to flooding is greatly reduced, continuous excavation becomes possible.
Tunnels can be constructed without significant delays in construction work even in geology where there is a lot of flooding. This can be made to work in the same way even on a down slope.

The cutter head 3 and the chute 8
Since rapid drainage from the section is possible, a large amount of water can be sprayed to suppress dust generated during excavation, and there is no restriction on the amount of water spray.

In addition, since the jet pumps 12 and 17 can also discharge solids and air together with water, they can function as a so-called dust collector that sucks and discharges dust together with air at the rear of the cutter head 3 when there is no water. In addition, it is possible to eliminate the dust collector provided in the excavator. In addition, since a pump for drainage is constituted by the compact jet pumps 12 and 17, drainage equipment can be provided without obstructing the space inside the narrow tunnel excavator.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4 described above, after the dust and the like discharged together with the air are submerged in the water in the drainage tank 19, the water stored in the drainage tank 19 is discharged to the circulation pump 2.
If the water is sent to a cyclone 21 which separates the solid content by means of zero, the solid content separated by the cyclone 21 is discharged by the belt conveyor 7 and the water is supplied to the water storage tank 22, the dust inside the main body 1 is reduced. The dust collecting action can be achieved without generating the like.

By the way, at all times, the jet pumps 12, 1
7 when the water is drained, the jet pump inlet 1
Excavation debris and the like may be clogged in 3a and 18a. Therefore, in the tunnel excavator S according to this application, the pressure detectors 25, 27 are provided in the jet pumps 12, 17, and the open / close valves 26, 28 are provided in the drain pipes 29, 30, so that the clogging is removed as follows. Can be.

That is, when the suction ports 13a, 18a are clogged, the pressure in the suction pipes 13, 18 is brought into a vacuum state by the suction force.
27, the drain pipe 2 is opened and closed by the open / close valves 26, 28.
By temporarily shutting off 9, 30 the jet pump 12,
Since the water spouted from 17 spouts toward the suction ports 13a and 18a, clogging at the suction ports 13a and 18a can be removed. If the cut-off time is as short as about 1 second, the amount of water jetted toward the cutter head 3 is also temporary and small, and does not affect the transport of excavation debris.

[0040]

The invention according to the present application is configured as described above, and has the following effects.

According to the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect,
Drilling debris taken into the cutter chamber is dewatered by a cutter bucket with a dewatering structure, and this water is drained by the high suction power of the jet pump, so it becomes possible to dewater the drilling debris by highly efficient drainage treatment. The dewatered excavation waste can be efficiently discharged to the rear of the excavator body by a belt conveyor without causing slippage, and the number of stops of the tunnel excavator due to flooding is greatly reduced, enabling continuous excavation. Therefore , tunnel construction can be performed without causing a significant delay in the construction period even in geology where there is a large amount of flood water.

Further, it is possible to perform a dust collecting action of discharging dust at the rear portion of the cutter head by the jet pump, and it is possible to eliminate a dust collector provided in the excavator. Furthermore, since a pump for drainage is constituted by a compact jet pump, drainage equipment can be provided without obstructing the space inside the narrow tunnel excavator.

Further, a drainage system and a circulation system are provided.
Drained by a jet pump and stored in a drain tank.
Separates the solids from the retained water and drives the jet pump
It is possible to construct a closed circuit that can be obtained as
In order to obtain the driving water for the jet pump,
It is possible to construct a tunnel excavator that does not require
You.

According to the tunnel excavator of the second aspect,
When the effect in the tunnel excavator according to claim 1 is exhibited.
In both cases, the drilling debris taken into the cutter chamber is dewatered by the chute of the dewatering structure provided in the center of the excavator body, and this water is drained by the high suction power of the jet pump. Dewatering from the drilling debris is possible, and the dewatered debris can be discharged to the rear of the excavator body by a belt conveyor without causing slippage. Excavation is possible, and tunnel construction without significant delay in construction period becomes possible even in geology with a large amount of flood water.

According to the tunnel excavator according to the third aspect,
The effect of the tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2 is achieved.
And a pressure detector installed in the drainage line
If the detected pressure is outside the set pressure range, install it in the drainpipe.
The drain pipe is closed for a predetermined time with the opened
Can remove the clogging of the inlet of the pump.
Automatically removes clogs at the suction port
Drainage can also be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a front portion of a tunnel excavator according to the present application.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the tunnel excavator shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the tunnel excavator shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing an example of an entire system in a tunnel excavator according to the present application.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part showing a conventional tunnel excavator.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing drainage processing in a conventional tunnel excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Excavator main body 2 ... Skin plate 3 ... Cutter head 4 ... Roller cutter 5 ... Bulk head 6 ... Cutter chamber 7 ... Belt conveyor 8 ... Chute 9 ... Cutter bucket 10 ... Frame member 11 ... Opening 12 ... Jet pump 13 ... Suction pipe 13a ... Suction port 14 ... Water storage section 15 ... Opening section 16 ... Water collecting section 17 ... Jet pump 18 ... Suction pipe 18a ... Suction port 19 ... Drain tank 20 ... Circulation pump 21 ... Cyclone (separation device) 22 ... Water storage tank 23 ... Drive water pump 24 ... Drain pump 25,27 ... Pressure detector 26,28 ... Open / close valve 29,30 ... Drain pipe S ... Tunnel excavator

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutter head provided on a front surface of an excavator body.
Forming a plurality of cutter buckets at the rear of the
-The bucket has a dewatering structure , excavation debris excavated by the cutter head is taken into the cutter chamber, and the excavation debris is loaded on a belt conveyor via a chute provided at the center of the excavator main body and discharged to the rear of the excavator main body. in the soil to tunnel boring machine, provided with a jet pump to drain the water which had been dehydrated by the cutter bucket, provided an inlet of the jet pump at the bottom of the excavator main body facing the rear surface of the cutter bucket, water to the jet pump Storage for storing water
Storing water drained by water tank and jet pump
A water drain tank, and jets water from the water storage tank.
A driving water pump for supplying water to the pump, and water in the drainage tank.
And a drain pump for draining water outside the specified level
Constitute a drainage system to circulate the water in the drainage tank
A circulation pump is provided, and the water supplied by the circulation pump is
A separation device for separating solids from the
The water separated from the device is supplied to the water storage tank,
Is a tunnel excavator having a circulation system for discharging to a belt conveyor . 2. A pre-Symbol provided with an opening excavated muck guide surface of the shoot and dehydrated structure the chute, provided with a jet pump to drain the water which had been dehydrated by said chute, said chute inlet of the jet pump The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel excavator is provided at a lower portion of the tunnel excavator. 3. A jet pump is provided with a pressure detector.
The drainage line is closed for a predetermined time according to the set pressure of the pressure detector.
2. An opening / closing valve, comprising:
The tunnel excavator according to claim 2.