JPS62137229A - Four-wheel drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve drive performance by providing an claw clutch for the free side between the output element of a viscous coupling and a transfer shaft to obtain the travelling mode of one type of 4-wheel drive with the viscous coupling and 2-wheel drive. CONSTITUTION:When a rail 43 is operated to the F direct 4WD position, an claw clutch 40 transmits power to rear wheels since a sleeve 42 engages a hub 36 and a transfer gear 30 is connected to a transfer shaft 26 through a viscous coupling 35. Next, when the rail is operated to FF position, the claw clutch 40 is changed over to the free side and the viscous coupling 35 is disconnected from the transfer shaft 26 to provide the travelling mode of FF 2-wheel drive. Thus, since the front wheel direct 4-wheel drive and FF 2-wheel drive can be obtained selectively, the drive performance can be sufficiently displayed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a four-wheel #J device for a vehicle such as an automobile, and more particularly to one that is of a transverse transaxle type and uses a viscous coupling to selectively obtain various driving modes such as four-wheel drive.

[Background of the invention] A four-wheel drive system without a center differential generally has a configuration in which power is always transmitted to one of the front or rear wheels and power is transmitted to the other through a transfer device, and a transaxle type It has been proposed to use dog clutches, hydraulic clutches, and electromagnetic clutches. Here, the dog clutch cannot absorb the rotation difference during turning at all,
Hydraulic clutches and the like have advantages and disadvantages, such as the need to control clutch oil pressure. On the other hand, in recent years, a clutch called a viscous coupling (viscous clutch) has appeared, and it has a sealed structure of wet multi-plates filled with a viscous medium, and has the characteristic of increasing the transmitted torque in response to the increase in the rotational difference between the driver and the output. . Therefore, such a viscous coupling can be used as a differential lock as well as a transmission gear of a four-wheel drive device.
When used in a device, the four-wheel drive performance is enhanced for automatic fishing according to the rotation difference such as the slip state of the front and rear wheels. Furthermore, as long as the rotational difference does not become seriously large during turning, internal circulation torque can be absorbed by the slip of the viscous coupling, and this point is attracting attention. [Prior art 1] Therefore, conventionally, regarding the four-wheel drive using the above-mentioned viscous coupling, there is a prior art, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-188731, which transmits power to the rear wheels via a viscous coupling as an FF base. It has been shown that [Problem 1 that Te Ming attempts to solve By the way, in the configuration of the prior art described above, there is only one type of driving mode in which the relationship TF>TR exists between the front wheel torque TF and the rear wheel torque TR. do not have. Therefore, it is not possible to drive with a focus on maneuverability, and drive performance such as starting depending on the loaded state is improved to the maximum. ? There are problems such as not having one. The present invention has been made in view of these points, and provides a four-wheel drive system that can freely select multiple types of driving modes such as four-wheel drive using a viscous coupling and fully exhibit various performances. is intended to provide. ■Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a horizontal transaxle type differential! ! In the transfer device arranged before and after the device, a viscous coupling is connected to the transfer gear meshing with the fiber pool gear of the differential device, and a V, C- is connected between the output element of the viscous coupling and the transfer shaft. A free dog clutch is provided, the transfer shaft is configured to transmit power to one of the front and rear wheels, and the vehicle is configured to have one type of four-wheel drive and two-wheel drive modes with a viscous coupling. [Function] Based on the above configuration, by switching the dog clutch to V, C or free side, each driving mode can be selected, for example, 4-wheel drive via front wheel direct connection and rear wheel viscous coupling, or FF 2-wheel drive. will be done. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to select either four-wheel drive with a viscous coupling or two-wheel drive to travel depending on the driving condition, loading condition, etc.

【Example】

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, a four-wheel drive device to which the present invention is applied,
Horizontal transaxle type FFIt! To explain the transmission system based on the engine 1. at the front of the vehicle body. Clutch 2 J5 and shifting! 113 is arranged horizontally in the left-right direction, and a front differential device 4.
Transfer devices 5 are sequentially arranged. and transmission 3
．． The front differential device 4 and the transfer device 5 are installed inside a clutch housing 6, a transmission case 7, and an extension case 8 to form a transaxle type. The transmission 3 is of a constant mesh type, and has an input shaft 10 from the clutch 2 and an output shaft 11 arranged parallel to the input shaft 10. Gears 12 to 16 are provided, and a synchronizing mechanism 17° between gears 12 and 13 and gears 14 and 15 are provided.
Synchronization mechanism between 18. Alternatively, by selectively operating the sink olfi mechanism 19 adjacent to the gear 16, each of the forward gears from the first speed to the fifth speed is changed by 1rI. In addition, the reverse gear 20 integrated with the input shaft 10 is connected to the sleeve-side gear 2 of the synchronizer mechanism 17 via an idler gear (not shown).
1 to obtain a reverse gear. In the front differential device 4, a drive gear 22 of a transmission output shaft 11 meshes with a large-diameter final gear 23, and a differential device 24 attached to this final gear 23 connects the axle 2.
5 to the left and right front wheels. The transfer device 5 is rotatably supported by a transfer shaft 2G and installed in the left-right direction of the vehicle body, and a pair of bevel gears 27. Rear drive shaft 28
．． Power is transmitted to the rear wheels via a propeller @29 etc. Also, the transfer gear 3 meshing with the final gear 23
0 is provided on the same axis -L as the transfer shaft 2G, and a housing 37 of a viscous coupling 35 is connected to this transfer gear 30. This viscous cutlet ring 35
is made up of integral plates 38 and 39 installed alternately on either side between the hub 3G and the housing 37, and filled with a highly viscous liquid. It has the property of increasing transmitted torque. Here, the housing 37 connected to the transformer gear A730 is an input element, and the output element hub 3G is taken out coaxially with the transformer 77 shaft 26. A V, C-free dog clutch 40 is provided between the hub 3G on the output side of the viscous coupling 35 and the transfer shaft 26. This dog clutch 40
The sleeve 42 is always engaged with the hub 41 of the transfer shaft 26, and the teeth 42a of the sleeve 42 are engaged with or released from the splines 36a of the hub 36. In the operation system, one rail 4 from the select lever
3 is connected to the sleeve 42, and has two positions on the rail 43: front wheel F direct connection 4WD on the left side, and front engine-front wheel drive FF on the right side. Next, the operation of the four-wheel drive device configured as described above will be explained. First, when the vehicle is running, the synchronizer mechanism 17 is activated in the transmission 3.
．． By operating 18, 19, etc., gears 12 to 16
．． 20, 21, etc., power for changing speeds for five forward speeds and one reverse speed is output to the output shaft 11. This power is always directly transmitted to the front wheels by the front differential device 4, and at the same time is input to the viscous coupling 35 of the transfer device 5 via the transfer gear 30. Therefore, connect rail 43 directly to the left F 4 W I) IQ
When the dog clutch 40 is operated as shown in the figure, @ 42a of the sleeve 42 is connected to the spline 3 of the hub 3G.
6a and switches to the V and C sides, thereby connecting the transfer gear 30 to the transfer shaft 26 via the viscous coupling 35, and transmitting power to the rear wheels via this path. In this way, the vehicle enters a four-wheel drive mode in which the front wheels are directly coupled via the rear wheels via a viscous coupling. In this driving mode, when the difference in rotation between the front and rear wheels is small, the torque transmitted by the viscous coupling 35 is small, resulting in FF-like driving. On the other hand, when the front wheels slip and the difference in rotation between the front and rear wheels increases, the transmission torque of the viscous coupling 35 increases rapidly, thereby enhancing the four-wheel drive performance. Furthermore, in this case, since TF>TR holds true between the front axle torque TF and the rear axle torque TR, driving stability is emphasized. Next, when the rail 43 is moved to the FF position on the right side, the dog clutch 40 is released and switched to the fringe side, and the gap between the viscous coupling 35 and the transformer 77 shaft 2G becomes clear. Therefore, power is no longer transmitted to the rear wheels, and the FF
2-wheel drive driving mode. Therefore, in this driving mode, the vehicle behaves like a normal front-wheel drive vehicle, and tight corner braking does not occur at all. Although one embodiment of the F1 present invention has been described above, it can also be applied to an RR base to obtain R direct connection and RR. Also, the hub 36 of the viscous coupling 35 and the housing 37
The input and output may be reversed. Furthermore, the rail 43 can be operated either manually or with a button switch.

【Effect of the invention】

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to arbitrarily select, for example, a 4-wheel drive with a viscous coupling and a FF 2-wheel drive, which improves maneuverability, stability, and starting performance. Or you can drive according to your preference. Since one set of dog clutches is switched by one rail, operability is good and the structure is simplified.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a dimensional skeleton diagram of an embodiment of the four-wheel drive device of the present invention. 4... Front differential device, 5... Placed on transfer, 23... Final gear A7.26... Transfer shaft, 30... Transfer gear, 35... Viscous coupling, 36... Hub, 37...Housing, 40...V, C-free dog clutch, 43
...Operation rail.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] In a transfer device disposed before and after a horizontal transaxle type differential device, viscous couplings V and C are connected to the transfer gear that meshes with the final gear of the differential device, and a viscous cup is provided. A dog clutch for V and C-free is provided between the output element of the ring and the transfer shaft, and the transfer shaft is configured to transmit power to one of the front and rear wheels, and has one type of four-wheel drive and two-wheel drive with viscous coupling. A four-wheel drive system that provides 4 driving modes.