JPS62123269A - Air-conditioning hot-water supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air-conditioning/heating/water supply system using a compressor and a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture.

Conventional technology As an air conditioning and hot water supply system using a conventional compressor,
A device shown in Japanese Patent No. 22437 has been proposed.

Although this device uses one compressor, it has three heat exchangers: a heat source side heat exchanger, a load side heat exchanger, and a hot water supply heat exchanger. Therefore, by controlling the valves, fans, pumps, etc., it is possible to realize operations such as cooling, hot water supply, cooling only, hot water supply only, heating only, etc., and it is possible to realize an energy-saving and low-cost device.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the refrigerants used in such devices have conventionally been
Since a single refrigerant called R22 or R12 is used, the following problems arise due to the vapor pressure properties of the refrigerant.

For example, when R22 is used, the water temperature is too low to be used for hot water supply due to its high vapor pressure (low boiling point), and when R12 is used, the vapor pressure is low (high boiling point) Although high hot water temperatures could be obtained, on the other hand, the capacity during cooling and heating was greatly reduced. As one of the countermeasures against these problems, attempts have been made to use a mixture of two types of refrigerants, but although it is possible to set the hot water supply temperature and capacity to an intermediate value, it is not a fundamental solution. Ta.

It is also possible to use a refrigerant with a low vapor pressure to ensure a high hot water supply temperature, and to compensate for the lack of cooling/heating capacity by using a variable speed compressor at a high rotation speed, but in this case as well. There are the following problems.

In other words, the higher the rotation speed of a variable rotation speed compressor, the higher the rotation speed.
Mechanical losses such as internal discharge losses were excessive, and even if a certain level of capacity could be secured, low efficiency operation had to be tolerated.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional example, and to provide a highly efficient device that achieves high hot water supply temperature and secures sufficient cooling and heating capabilities.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant and connects a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat exchanger on the heat source side, and a heat exchanger on the load side. A first bypass circuit that is opened when hot water is supplied to a first bypass circuit that forms a tickle and has one end in the discharge pipe of the compressor and the other end between the load side heat exchanger and the heat source side heat exchanger. A second bypass circuit is provided with a solenoid valve, a heat exchanger for hot water supply, a separator, a cooler, and a storage device, and has one end in the suction pipe of the compressor and the other end in the first bypass circuit. A second solenoid valve is provided that closes when in use.

By employing the above-mentioned means, the present invention provides that, in an operation mode in which hot water is supplied by flowing a refrigerant through a heat exchanger for hot water supply, the rectifying action inside the separator causes non-condensation to occur in the reservoir. A high boiling point refrigerant is stored in the azeotropic mixture refrigerant, and a large amount of the high boiling point refrigerant flows through the main circuit, thereby achieving a high hot water supply temperature. In addition, in an operation mode that utilizes only heating and cooling, the composition of the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant filled in the main circuit ( This makes it possible to flow a refrigerant (composition containing more low-boiling point refrigerant than in the hot water supply mode), thereby ensuring sufficient cooling and heating capacity.

Embodiment An embodiment of the air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2.
Heat source side heat exchanger 3. Load side heat exchanger4. The accumulators 5't are connected in series to form a refrigeration circuit. A first bypass circuit from the discharge pipe leading from the compressor 1 to the four-way valve 2 includes a solenoid valve 7. It has a heat exchanger 6 for hot water supply. 8 is a solenoid valve provided in the second bypass circuit from the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 to the suction line of the accumulator 6; 9 is a solenoid valve that connects the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 to the heat source side heat exchanger 3 or the load side heat exchanger 4; The check valves 10, 11, and 12 provided in the piping connected to the heat source side heat exchanger 3. Load side heat exchanger 4゜Hot water supply heat exchanger 6
This is a throttling device installed in the pipe leading to the confluence point.

In addition, 13.14 is a throttling device installed in parallel with the throttling device 12 attached to the downstream side of the first bypass circuit having a hot water supply heat exchanger, and 16 is a throttling device filled with a filler inside. ,
o*+^l-shi%/'-J-nQglJ-rl, tA'
+ wide η, Q'+'P$ya, the cooling heat source (not shown) of the cooler 16 may be configured using the suction line from the four-way valve 2 to the accumulator 5, or other cooling heat source may be used. May be used.

Furthermore, 18 is a heat source side fan, 19 is a load side fan, and 20
17 is a hot water supply pump, and in such a refrigeration cycle, a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant such as R22/R12 or R22/R114 is sealed. In this case, 122 is a low boiling point refrigerant, R.
12 and R114 are high boiling point refrigerants.

The main functions of the air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus having such a configuration will be explained below. First, the operation mode in which only hot water is supplied using an outside air heat source will be explained with reference to FIG. The heat source side fan 18 and the hot water supply pump 20 are operated. At this time, the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 hardly flows into the load-side heat exchanger 4 because the load-side fan 19 is stopped, and flows as shown by the solid line arrow. That is, the flow is from the compressor 1 to the electromagnetic valve 7 to the boiling heat exchanger 6, and when the hot water supply pump 2° is operated, the hot water heat exchanger 6, which functions as a condenser, is provided for hot water supply. After that, the generated refrigerant is returned to the throttling device 12 → check valve 9 → throttling device 1o → heat source side heat exchanger 3 → four-way valve 2 → storage unit 5 → compressor 1, and the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is returned to outside air. It absorbs heat from the air and acts as an evaporator. Here, a part of the refrigerant branched from the outlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 flows into the separator 15 through the throttling device 13, but at this time, the pressure is reduced, so that the vaporized gas component rises inside the separator 15. , cooler 16
The liquefied liquid is stored in the reservoir 17, flows down inside the separator 16 again, passes through the squeezing device 14, and is liquefied into the squeezing device 12.
It merges with the refrigerant from.

Here, inside the separator 15, the rising gas component and the flowing liquid component transfer heat and substances simultaneously. The high boiling point refrigerant is concentrated. Therefore, after a certain period of time has elapsed, the low boiling point refrigerant will not be concentrated and stored in the reservoir 1, but the high boiling point refrigerant will be concentrated and circulated in the refrigeration cycle. In other words, since the vapor pressure of high boiling point refrigerants is low, by setting the throttling devices 12 and 13 to the 9th throttle and controlling them using expansion valves, the heat exchanger for hot water supply that acts as a condenser can be used. From 6 onwards, it is possible to achieve a high hot water temperature.

Next, an operation mode using only heating and cooling will be explained using FIG. 3. At this time, set four-way valve 2 to cooling mode and solenoid valve 7.
is closed, the solenoid valve 8 is opened, the heat source side fan 18 and the load side fan 19 are operated, and the hot water supply pump 20 is stopped. At this time, even if a low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 17, the hot water supply heat exchanger 6° separator 15. Cooler 16. Since the electromagnetic valve 8 of the reservoir 17 etc. is opened, it is connected to the suction line, and the stored refrigerant is returned to the refrigeration cycle, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is the enclosed non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant. The composition of (
(composition containing more low-boiling point refrigerant than when using hot water) is circulated. Therefore, the refrigerant flows as shown by the solid arrow: compressor 1 → four-way valve 2 → heat source side heat exchanger 3 → throttling device 1o → throttling device 11
→Load side heat exchanger 4→Four-way valve 2→Akiy-mulator 5→
The air circulates with the compressor 1, and normal cooling operation is performed. At this time, the greater the composition of the low boiling point refrigerant, the greater the amount of circulation discharged from the compressor 1, ensuring sufficient capacity. In addition, in a mode in which only heating is used, by simply switching the four-way valve 2 as shown in FIG. 4, heating operation can be performed while maintaining sufficient capacity through the same operation as cooling.

Furthermore, a sixth operation mode that uses hot water supply and cooling at the same time has been added.
This will be explained using diagrams. At this time, the four-way valve 2 is set to cooling mode, the solenoid valve 7 is opened, the solenoid valve 8 is closed, the heat source side 77 and 18 are stopped, and the load side fan 19 and hot water supply pump 20 are operated. At this time, the refrigerant flows as shown by the solid arrow, and basically works in the same way as when only hot water is used, with the hot water heat exchanger 6 acting as a condenser and the load-side heat exchanger 4 acting as an evaporator. The high boiling point refrigerant is concentrated and circulated through the refrigeration cycle.
It is possible to perform cooling operation at the same time while ensuring a high hot water supply temperature. In this case, regarding the lack of cooling capacity, it is recommended to use a variable speed compressor for the compressor 1, and if high hot water temperature is not necessarily required in the summer, the cooling heat source of the cooler When the refrigerant is stopped, the rectifying action inside the separator 15 is also stopped, and the circulating composition remains the same as that of the enclosed non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, making it possible to secure the capacity.

Furthermore, if a variable rotational speed compressor is also adopted as the compressor 1, it becomes possible to realize an operation mode in which hot water supply and space heating are experimented at the same time, as shown in FIG.

At this time, when only the hot water supply shown in FIG. 2 is used, the load side 77 and 19 are also operated at the same time.

In this case, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through a circuit that passes through a solenoid valve 7, a hot water supply heat exchanger 6, and a four-way valve 2.
It is branched into a circuit that passes through the load-side heat exchanger 4, and these join together again and flow into the heat source-side heat exchanger via the throttle 9 device 1o.

Here, both the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 and the load side heat exchanger 4 act as a condenser, and instead of requiring the heating capacity of both, the circulating refrigerant is heated to a high temperature due to the rectifying action of the separator 15. By increasing the amount of refrigerant circulated through the variable rotation speed compressor 1, it is possible to cope with both types of heating.

As described in detail of the invention, in the case of the operation mode that utilizes hot water supply, the air conditioning/heating and hot water supply device according to the present invention can circulate a large amount of high boiling point refrigerant during the refrigeration cycle to achieve a high hot water supply temperature. , a bypass circuit was installed via a solenoid valve to connect the storage device and hot water heat exchanger to the suction line.
In the case of an operation mode that utilizes air conditioning, it is also possible to circulate a large amount of low boiling point refrigerant during the refrigeration cycle to ensure sufficient capacity.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing one embodiment of the air-conditioning/heating/hot-water supply apparatus according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 6 are diagrams of the air-conditioning/heating/hot-water supply apparatus shown in FIG. 1, respectively.
FIG. 3 is a refrigeration cycle diagram illustrating the flow of refrigerant in each operation mode of heating only, cooling hot water supply, and heating hot water supply. 1... Compressor, 2... Four-way valve, 3...
... Heat source side heat exchanger, 4 ... Load side heat exchanger, 6 ... Hot water supply heat exchanger, 7, 8 ...
- Solenoid valve, 9...Check valve, 15...Separator, 16...Cooler, 17...Reservoir.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, a refrigeration cycle is constructed by connecting a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, and a load side heat exchanger,
A first solenoid valve for hot water supply that opens when hot water is used in a first bypass circuit that has one end in the discharge pipe of the compressor and the other end between the load side heat exchanger and the heat source side heat exchanger; A second bypass circuit is provided with a heat exchanger, a separator, a cooler, and a storage device, and has one end in the suction pipe of the compressor and the other end in the first bypass circuit. 2
Air-conditioning, heating and water heating equipment equipped with a solenoid valve.