JPS62104942A - Raised pile fabric and knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to napped/zoyle fabrics and knitted fabrics.

More specifically, the present invention relates to raised pile fabrics and knitted fabrics made of polyester fibers that have excellent color depth and gloss, and are good in shedding of dust such as fiber waste and clumps.

Conventional technology: Napped and woven knitted fabrics have a napped surface on the surface of the woven or knitted fabric, and have unique appearance effects such as an elegant luster and deep hue.
In addition, it is a woven or knitted fabric with a smooth surface touch, and silk, rayon, acetate, cotton, etc. have traditionally been used as the constituent fibers of the napped pile woven or knitted fabric, but it tends to discolor and wrinkle easily. Recently, synthetic fibers have been increasingly used.

However, in general, when synthetic fibers such as polyester nylon are used as pile yarns to manufacture napped and woven products, the pile yarns may not be raised uniformly, or when woven with a double loom, the pile yarns may be cut. This may cause the raised surface to become uneven.

Furthermore, in order to uniformize the raised surface of the resulting raised pile product, in many cases the ends of the raised pile are cut by shearing, etc.
Monote, which uses polyester fibers, has higher strength and Young's modulus than rayon, etc., and has poor cuttability at the tip of the coil, especially when cutting and sewing, leaving fiber waste at the end of the KA pile.
It has the disadvantage that dust such as flakes easily adheres to it and is difficult to remove, which is a major problem.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In an attempt to solve these drawbacks, raised pile woven and knitted fabrics are manufactured using polyester fibers with low single fiber breaking strength for the raised piles and ξ tiles. Although the cutting ability of the pile tip has improved and the adhesion of dust has been eliminated, the pile has poor shape retention and abrasion resistance due to its low strength, and for example, car seats require abrasion resistance. It has disadvantages that make it practically unusable in the field where it is intended to be used.
The reality is that a polyester napped pile woven or knitted fabric from which attached dust can be easily removed has not been obtained.

The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies to provide polyester napped/ξ tile fabrics and knitted fabrics that do not have these drawbacks.
The present invention has now been completed.

Means for solving the problem, that is, the present invention provides a method in which the peak temperature (Tmax) of the mechanical loss tangent (tan δ) at a measurement frequency of 110 Hz is 111°C or less, and the peak value ((tan δ) max
x) 0.16Q or less, and the breaking strength of the single fiber is 3.
These are raised pile fabrics and knitted fabrics using polyester fibers of 0 g/d or more as pile fibers.

The polyester fiber included in the present invention consists essentially of polyethylene terephthalate, and is obtained by a known polymerization method, but additives normally used for polyester, such as matting agents, stabilizers, antistatic agents, etc. May include. There is no particular restriction on the degree of polymerization as long as it is within the usual range for fiber formation, and copolymerization with small amounts of other components is of course possible within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention.

The first characteristic of the polyester fiber used in the present invention is the mechanical loss tangent (tan δ) at a measurement frequency of 110 Hz.
The peak temperature (Tmax) of is 111° C. or less, the peak value ((tan δ) m−x) is 0.160 or less, and the breaking strength of the single fiber is &Og/d or more.

If Tmax is higher than 111℃, it will be difficult to remove the tumi attached to the pile, while (tan δ)max is 0.160
If the size is larger, the thermal stability of the fiber structure decreases, the dimensional stability deteriorates, and the shape retention of the nosoil deteriorates.

In conventional polyester fibers, Tmax is 120°C or higher, and as the general KTm&x decreases, (tan δ
)max becomes higher. As a result, there is no known pile material that has both dust removal properties and shape retention properties.

Furthermore, in order to obtain the abrasion resistance of the polyester raised pile used in the present invention, it is necessary that the breaking strength of the single fiber of the trap is λog/a or more, preferably 15 g/d or more.

Regarding the polyester fiber having the above-mentioned characteristics, the relationship between its structure and the dust removability of the membrane will be further explained.

In the polyester fiber referred to in the present invention, the average refractive index at the center of the fiber (n, to+) and the average refractive index at a distance of O, S times the radius from the fiber center (nzz(
o, s)) or nz, (-0, 8) (Att
(0,8-0)) is preferably 10xlO-” ~ 80
xlO-3, preferably 10 x 10-” to 40
X 10-3, and the distribution of the local average refractive index of the fiber is symmetrical with respect to the center of the fiber, - the dust removal property of the tip of the guide is good.

Here, the fact that the local average refractive index distribution is symmetrical with respect to the center of the fiber means that the minimum value of the average refractive index n// is (n
zz(0)-10XIO-3) or more, and n//
The difference between (-o, s) and n77(0,8) is 50X10-3
Below, 1 is more preferably 10 x 10-' or less. Note that the above n/, (0-in nzz(0,8), n/
/ (-0,8)Att (0,8-0),''n, etc. values were measured using an interference microscope by the method described later.

The polyester fiber referred to in the present invention has a spinning speed of 4000, for example.
By fibers made of polyethylene terephthalate homopolymer spun at a speed of 6,500 m/min or more and heat-treated at 220 to 300°C with dry heat or 180 to 240'C with wet heat, or fibers spun at a spinning speed of 6,500 m/min or more. Obtainable. During spinning, cooling solidification and thinning deformation of the polymer stream spun from the spinneret can be controlled by appropriately adjusting the polymer viscosity, spinning temperature, atmosphere under the spinneret, cooling method, take-up speed, etc. control, good spinnability, and fibers with desired properties can be obtained.

In particular, it is important to control the cooling and solidification of the spun yarn, and in order to obtain spinnability and desired properties, rapid cooling and solidification, especially cooling and solidification using low-temperature cooling air perpendicular to the yarn from one direction, is not very desirable. . Note that the take-up speed here refers to the speed of the first drive roll at which the yarn, which has been cooled and solidified after spinning, is taken off after being further subjected to convergence, oil treatment, etc., if necessary.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention. The molten polyester is spun from a spinneret (not shown) in a heated spinning head 2, and is cooled in the atmosphere to form yarn 1. At this time, a tubular heating area 3 surrounding the spun yarn is provided below the spinneret, and a fluid suction device 4 is provided below it for cooling and suctioning the yarn. . After passing through the tubular heating area and the fluid suction device, the yarn passes through an oil application device f1jt5 and a convergence device f6, and then is taken off by a take-up roll 7.

The napped/zoyle fabrics and knitted fabrics of the present invention use polyester fibers as the napped pile fibers, and the napped/zoyle fabrics are composed of cut piles having cut ends. Therefore, it does not include raised sail products such as looped sails or looped piles whose surfaces are lightly knotted.

Examples: Nomi-ile fabrics such as EVA, bell 4-piece, moquette, veratine, and corduroy, double-raschel center-cut products, -ξ-ile knitted fabrics such as sinker nozzle knitted fabrics, pile knitted fabrics made by shearing tricot raised products,
These include cut pile cloth cotton made by the tufting method. Further, as the cutting means, known means such as knife cutting, shearing, etc. are used.

The raised and ξ-ile fabrics and knitted fabrics of the present invention are made easier to remove dust by subjecting the A-ile yarn to an alkaline OT process with a weight loss rate of 3 to 15 inches during the commonly used polyester dyeing process. The effect will further increase.

As explained above, the raised pizo fabrics and knitted fabrics obtained by the method of the present invention are easy to remove dust, have good shape retention and abrasion resistance, and are easy to handle.

In addition, the dyed raised pile fabrics and knitted fabrics of the present invention have the characteristics that the pile surface touch is soft and the color is deeper than that of the dyed fabrics of pile fabrics and knitted fabrics using ordinary polyester fibers. It is a matter of product value.

The method for measuring the structural properties of fibers used in the present invention will be explained below.

[Mechanical loss tangent (tanδ)]

Manufactured by Toyo Baldwin Co., Ltd., Leo Viplon (Re).

Vibron) DDV-Hc type dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device was used to measure tan δ at each temperature in dry air at a sample frequency of 11 GHz and a heating rate of 10°C/min.
Measure. From the tanδ-temperature curve, calculate the tanδ peak temperature (Tmax) C°C: ) and the same peak height (tanδ)
max) is obtained. Figure 2 shows the fiber body used in the present invention)
, is a typical example of the tan δ -temperature curve of the conventional drawn yarn (B).

[Average refractive index (n, , )] Observation was made from the side of the fiber by the interference fringe method using a transmission quantitative interference microscope (for example, interference microscope Interfaco manufactured by Karl Zeiss Jena, East Germany).

When the radius of the fiber is R, the refractive index n of the fiber at each position is calculated from the optical path difference at each position from the center Ro of the fiber to the outer periphery R,
The distribution of can be found. When r is the distance from the center of the fiber to each position, X=r/R=0. In other words, the refractive index at the center of the fiber is the average refractive index (nzz+o>)
That's what it means. X is 1 on the outer periphery, and takes a value between θ and 1 in other parts. For example, the refractive index at the point X=O,S is expressed as n#(0,8).

Figure 3 shows the conventional drawn yarn (B) and the fiber used in the present invention (N
The distribution of n// is shown. In the figure, the horizontal axis is the distance from the center, X=r/R, and the vertical axis is Gin, where X=.

is the center of the fiber, and X=1 and X=-1 are points on the outer periphery of the fiber.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

In the Examples, ease of removing dust was determined by the following measuring method.

A velvet dyed product was sampled at 20α x 20cm, the pile surface was facing up, the polyester rutted fiber was cut to 1.2rrV/m from a height of 15α, and the pile surface was placed at a 45° angle. Sprinkle 0.5g of waste.

Next, place the velvet horizontally and put 5g/6 on the soil surface.
A load of n2 was applied for 1 minute, and after removing the weight, the pile was fixed to a frame with the pile side facing down, and a weight of 50 g was dropped 5 times from a height of 10 mm. The number of solid fiber debris was measured, and the number of particles adhering to each 2 pieces was calculated. The smaller the number, the easier it is to remove dust.

Criteria for determining ease of removing dust ○: Almost no dust is attached. 0-2 pieces/Cn1
2mm: Slight amount of dust attached. 3-15 hardness/cm”X:
There is a lot of dirt attached. 15 or more/cpn2 Examples Polyethylene terephthalate was rolled up using the apparatus shown in Figure 1 at a winding speed (m7 minutes) of 6500.7000.800.
Winding at each speed of 0.9000, each 100d/
Each yarn of 36 f was obtained. The microstructural properties and breaking strength of the yarn obtained are shown in Table 1.

Next, these yarns are used for the warp pile yarn, the ground warp yarn, and the weft yarn at the same spinning speed, respectively, and a warp double structure is woven with a weave density of 60 yarns/m in the vertical direction and 95 yarns/1 nch in the horizontal direction. I cut it to ZO+m and wrote all about Velvet Gray. Each of the obtained raw materials was further shirred to a pile length of 1.6fi, and set on a gray machine at 160°C for 60 seconds.
Next, after relaxing scouring at 98° C. for 30 minutes, dyeing was performed under the following conditions, reduction washing, water purification, and drying were completed. The ease with which dust was removed was determined for each of the dyed products obtained, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Staining conditions Disper TL (product name of Meiho Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 1g/i.

pH = 6 (adjusted with acetic acid), bath ratio 1: double dyeing temperature x time: 130°C x 60 minutes. For comparison, after winding at a speed of 1500 m / %,
The yarn was stretched 3.3 times to obtain a yarn of 100 d/36 f.

Table 1 shows the @ side structural properties and breaking strength of the obtained yarn. Next, using this yarn, weaving was performed to the same density in the same manner as above, and the warp pile yarn was cut to 2-0w+ to obtain an irbet gray fabric. The obtained gray fabric is further reduced to a pile length of 1.
The resulting dyed products were shirred to a length of 6 m, set in the same manner as above, relaxed scoured, dyed, reduced washed, washed with water, dried, and finished. It is shown in Table 1.

From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the raised pile fabric produced in accordance with the present invention can easily remove dust and produce a raised pile fabric with high commercial value.

(Hereinafter, Order f3) Effects of the Invention The raised pile fabrics and knitted fabrics of the present invention are easy to remove dust, have good pile shape retention and abrasion resistance, and are highly easy to handle.

In addition, the dyed napped A-il woven knitted fabric made of polyester fibers of the present invention has a soft soil surface touch, and has a deeper color than the dyed napped or E-il woven knitted fabric made of ordinary polyester fibers. It has extremely high commercial value.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing apparatus used in an example of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph schematically showing a mechanical loss tangent (tan δ)-temperature (T) curve. FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of the radial refraction g(r1#) distribution of the fiber of the present invention and a conventional drawn yarn. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Yarn, 2... Spinning head, 3... Tubular heating area, 4... Fluid suction device, 5... Oil agent application device, 6
...Focusing device, 7...Take-up roll. Figure 1 Figure 3 r/R

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Mechanical loss tangent at a measurement frequency of 110 Hz (
The peak temperature (Tmax) of tan δ) is 111°C or less, and the peak value ((tan δ) max) is 0.160.
Napped pile woven fabrics and knitted fabrics using polyester fibers as pile fibers that are the following and have a single fiber breaking strength of 3.0 g/d or more (2) Average refractive index of polyester fiber (n■(0)) and refractive index of the part at a distance of 0.8 times the radius from the center (n
■(0.8)) The difference (Δ■(0.8-0)) is 10×
The raised pile fabric and knitted fabric according to claim 1, which have a thickness of 10^-^3 or more and 80x10^-^3 or less