JPS6210257B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention contains additives in conjunction with silanes.
Regarding PVC molding materials. PVC molding materials as objects of the present invention include PVC homopolymers, VC copolymers, in particular such copolymers with ethylenically unsaturated monomers, PVC homopolymers and VC copolymers and graft polymers. and mixtures of the homopolymers with other polymers containing significant amounts of PVC or VC copolymers in the total mixture. Mention may be made, for example, of PVC mixtures with other thermoplastics such as ethylene/vinyl acetate, ethylene/acrylate, butadiene copolymers or ethylene copolymers, which have a significant PVC component in the total mixture. VC graft polymers are in particular graft polymers produced by graft polymerization of vinyl chloride onto ethylene vinyl esters, especially vinyl acetate copolymers and acrylic (methacrylic) esters and ethylene/acrylic ester copolymers. This is a graft polymer produced by graft polymerizing methacrylic ester to a polymer and PVC. PVC molding materials have gained increasing economic importance over the last few years due to their wide range of applications, and their processing is widely carried out in extruders, calenders and injection molding machines. Fillers added to PVC molding materials, such as silica, kaolin, talc, asbestos, etc.
and according to the type and amount of other auxiliaries such as stabilizers, pigments, etc., during processing, when the PVC molding material comes into contact with the metal surfaces of processing equipment such as extrusion screws, molding tools, rolls, etc. Difficulties often arise.
This results in separation of the additive from the PVC molding compound along the metal contact surface, which on the one hand becomes a deposit on the metal surface and on the other hand forms a deposit on the metal surface, such as a strip, plate, sheet, molding or the like. This results in a change in the surface of the product to be manufactured, which is also called plate-out. This plate-out does not refer to subsequent leaching from the final product, but rather to leaching that occurs directly during its manufacture. Deposits deposited on metal surfaces can also cause scorching and decomposition phenomena in PVC molding materials that are sensitive to heat and shear. Similarly, satisfactory molding of the PVC molding compound is no longer guaranteed, since its flow is impeded by the deposits. Due to this well-known phenomenon, when such deposits occur on the metal surface of conventional processing equipment or when the surface of the product changes considerably, production, or manufacturing The process had to be interrupted. In this case, not only is there a time loss in production, but the material consumption is also high due to loading and unloading losses. Publication “Plast-Verarbeiter”, Volume 19, December 1968,
Pages 933 to 935 describe the problem of "plate-out" of organic pigments in rigid PVC (see page 933, left column, first column). In order to solve this problem, the article
Page 935, left column, penultimate column, states that in order to prevent or at least reduce plate-out, it is necessary to reduce It has been proposed that it would be desirable to operate with such organic pigments at a distance. but,
Since the implementation of this measure limits the use and composition of PVC molding materials, this measure does not provide a general solution to the problem that arises. For economic reasons, as the price of PVC raw materials rises, it becomes increasingly important to use increased filler levels and inexpensive stabilizers as additives in PVC molding materials; however, this use is accompanied by the aforementioned difficulties and That is, increased amounts of certain additives conflict with the risk of increased segregation. For example, outside,
Particularly inexpensive solid lead stabilizers such as polybasic lead sulfate, dibasic lead phosphite, and lead stearate and calcium stearate, and barium/cadmium stabilizers based on barium/cadmium soaps, are also particularly useful for achieving this goal. With the addition of antioxidants, which are advantageously used for good weather fastness,
Used alone or in mixtures of these stabilizers, even without the use of fillers, often a strong plate-out is observed. By adding pigments and fillers (for example white pigments), this plateout can be increased even more significantly in some cases. It has also recently been observed that the subsequent removal of monomeric VC from PVC by degassing (so-called stripping) can lead to significant and strong plate-out in some areas, e.g. , PVC-based mixtures showed very little plate-out and did not cause any adverse operating failures, whereas VC-based mixtures showed very little plate-out (<
5ppm) mixtures with PVC caused production interruptions due to plateouts even after a short operating time. The problem of the present invention is that poor VC tends to separate along the metal contact surfaces of processing equipment during processing.
PVC molding materials containing PVC and/or additives together, in which this separation is prevented and plate-outs such as fillers and/or pigments and/or lead stabilizers or barium/cadmium stabilizers etc. Such additives that cause
The purpose is to obtain PVC molding material. Incidentally, the use of organofunctional silicon compounds as adhesion aids in the processing of plastics is known (for example, in the publication "Plaste und
Kautschuk”, Volume 15, No. 7, 1968, No. 501~
Page 504 or “Defazet”, Volume 28, No. 5,
1974, pp. 207-211). The problem underlying the present invention is neither set nor solved in these publications. PVC for adhesion media
The silanes used in conjunction with are not suitable for preventing the described plate-out. The present invention solves the set problem by using a silane represented by the following general formula: 0.005 to 2% by weight 1 CH ₂ =CH-Si(OR) ₃ 2 R'-(CH ₂ ) _o -Si(OR) ₃ or 3 R″−O−(CH ₂ ) ₃ −Si(OR) ₃ or 4 Cl−(CH ₂ ) _n −Si(OR) ₃ [In the formula, R′ represents NH ₂ and m is equal to 1 or 2. , n is equal to 1, 2 or 3 and R″ is

[Formula] or

[Formula] or

[formula] and R is an alkyl group or an acyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular 1 to 10 carbon atoms, the alkyl group optionally often being interrupted by oxygen. The solution is a PVC molding composition which has an agent in conjunction with a silane. This PVC molding material contains 50 to 99% by weight of PVC and 0 to 99% modifier along with the silane.
35% by weight, filler 0~30% by weight, stabilizer 1~
10% by weight, colorants 0-15% by weight, processing aids such as lubricants and separating agents 0-10% by weight, plasticizers 0-10% by weight.
Contains 40% by weight. By adding selected silanes, it is surprisingly possible to obtain PVC molding compositions in which the separation of additives from the PVC molding composition during extrusion, rolling or injection molding is reduced or prevented. Therefore, according to the present invention, when a molding material contains an additive that causes plate-out during processing, either alone or in combination with other additives, without applying the present invention. A PVC molding compound with improved economic processability has been proposed. Surprisingly, the silanes described in the literature to improve the adhesion between PVC and fillers
At the same time, it has been found that the PVC molding compositions improved within the scope of the invention do not have the good effect. For example, fillers are added and lead stabilizers are added.
Although a clear improvement in impact strength and notch impact strength occurs when using isobutyltrimethoxysilane in PVC molding compounds, plate-out is not eliminated. However, when isobutyltrimethoxysilane is replaced by vinyltrimethoxysilane, the mixture no longer exhibits plate-out and no longer improves impact strength and notch impact strength. The plate-out removed using the PVC molding composition according to the invention depends not only on the filler content, but also on the overall formulation of the thermoplastic PVC molding composition. Additives to thermoplastics, ie stabilizers, lubricants, UV absorbers and pigments, differ significantly in their compatibility with the respective fillers. Therefore,
Certain stabilizers are well compatible with certain fillers, allowing relatively high contents of these fillers to be incorporated into PVC molding materials containing the stabilizer. Alternatively, the same stabilizer may be incompatible with other fillers, so that a small amount of this filler incorporated into the PVC molding compound containing the same stabilizer may already plate out. cause a phenomenon.
Furthermore, there are stabilizers that plate out very quickly by themselves, including in particular the expensive lead stabilizers and the barium/cadmium stabilizers, which can already cause plate-out phenomena in the molding compound without additives. agent belongs to. On the other hand, there are also very expensive stabilizers, such as tin stabilizers, in which filler contents can reach more than 5% by weight,
Plate out occurs anyway. However, even in this case, the filler content is effectively in accordance with the invention.
It can be further increased by PVC molding material. If expensive lead stabilizers are used, the filler content can likewise be increased to more than 10%, or even more than 30% in some cases. From this it can be seen that the overall composition is extremely important for increasing the filler content or for the absolute filler content. contains the silane selected according to the invention and therefore during extrusion, rolling or injection molding.
A PVC molding composition, in which separation of additives from the PVC molding composition no longer occurs, requires less energy per kg per unit time for processing the PVC molding composition than a PVC molding composition without the addition of this selected silane. They are distinguished by their common property of causing an increase in volume. This can be confirmed, for example, by measuring the current consumption of the processing machine. Of course, the rate of increase in the specific current consumption depends, on the one hand, in principle on the processing conditions, and on the other hand, on the used
It depends on the type and amount of the PVC molding composition and its additives; the rate of increase is clearly measurable and can be achieved without the selected silane when processing the PVC molding composition according to the invention, for example in an extruder. of
At least about 20% compared to PVC molding material. The results relating to the determination of suitable silanes for the PVC molding compositions according to the invention, which can be verified very easily during processing in an extruder, have likewise been proven to be suitable when processed in a calender or injection molding machine. ing. In this case as well, the silane selected according to the invention can prevent plate-out when the above-mentioned substances that cause plate-out are added to the molding material depending on the type or amount. For the PVC molding composition according to the invention, trialkoxysilyl compounds of vinyl, β-chloroethyl, γ-glycidyloxypropyl and chloromethyl have proven particularly effective in solving the set task. However, trialkoxysilanes such as β-aminopropyl, γ-aminopropyl and γ-methacryloxypropyl have a smaller but still sufficient effect. In many cases, the alkoxy group has 1 to 1 C atoms.
18, in particular 1 to 10 C atoms. Furthermore, an alkyl ether alkoxy group or an acetoxy group may be used instead of an alkoxy group. For example, it is proposed to add vinyltrialkoxysilanes, especially those with short-chain alkoxy groups, to PVC molding compositions. Such vinyltrialkoxysilanes are, for example, vinyltrimethoxysilane or vinyltriethoxysilane. In this case, it is particularly important to note that the silanes known from the literature that improve the adhesion between PVC and fillers, such as γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, have not proven to be highly effective compounds in the present invention. is important. Also surprisingly, additional CH ₂
It has been established that chemically homologous silanes which differ only by radicals, such as β-chloroethyltriethoxysilane and γ-chloropropyltriethoxysilane, are clearly different in their action within the meaning of the invention. It has been established that in this case the first silane can be used according to the invention and the second silane is unsuitable. Suitable fillers for PVC molding materials are inorganic fillers of solid consistency. In particular, finely divided or powdered fillers are mixed into the thermoplastic molding composition, for example by sintering. The most important fillers are calcium carbonate, barium sulfate (barite), calcium silicate, titanium dioxide, kaolin, etc. The filler as well as other fillers are
They can be used alone or in mixtures. Along with fillers that are added to PVC molding materials to make them cheaper as well as to change their properties, especially in soft PVC mixtures, to modify their processability and properties.
It is also common practice to add other elastic substances, also called modifiers, to PVC molding materials. Therefore, admixtures to PVC include chlorinated polyethylene, ABS, MBS, MABS, EVA and acrylic esters, as well as VC and butadiene, ethylene, propylene, EPDM, EVA, acrylic esters, fumaric esters, and acetic esters alone. This includes copolymers and graft polymers with or mixtures thereof. Stabilizers are required in the processing of PVC molding materials in order to prevent damage due to oxidation and HCl separation, manifested in particular by discoloration. It is also possible to stabilize PVC against the effects of heat and light during use. In practice, three groups of stabilizers are mainly used in PVC molding materials, based on lead salts, tin compounds or barium/cadmium salts. However, inexpensive solid lead stabilizers tend to plate out from the molding material, as do barium/cadmium stabilizers, which are particularly valued for their light-fastening properties. In fact, in this case, the PVC molding composition with the composition according to the invention and the selected silane contains solid lead stabilizers, as well as basic and neutral lead stearates, polybasic lead sulfates and dibasic lead phosphites. Also, calcium stearate and solid barium/cadmium stabilizers can be used without risk, if appropriate with increased amounts of pigments and fillers. Heat-resistant organic and/or inorganic colorants are used for coloring PVC molding compositions, in particular titanium dioxide being used as carrier for the inorganic colorants. Other processing aids, such as lubricants, which in particular improve the flow behavior of the material, are used, such as metal soaps, higher fatty alcohols and fatty acid glycerin esters, paraffins, synthetic waxes, and epoxidized soybean oil. Plasticizers commonly used for PVC are esters of polybasic acids with monohydric alcohols or phenols, such as dioctyl phthalate or other phthalates.
Adipate esters and special fatty acid esters,
Tricresyl phosphate is also a known PVC plasticizer.
Plasticizers and lubricants can even exacerbate plate-out in unfavorable cases. The silane selected according to the invention is calculated as silicon per 100 parts by weight of PVC molding material.
It may be contained in the PVC molding material in a concentration of 5.10 ^-4 to 1.0 parts by weight, or 0.005 to 2.0 parts by weight, particularly 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight, calculated as the total amount of silane. The amount of silane added can also be related to the monomolecular coverage of the specific surface area of the additive that tends to separate. Surprisingly, the silanes selected can already be used in significantly smaller quantities than would correspond to a 100% monomolecular coverage of the specific surface area of the additives that are prone to segregation, to prevent segregation or build-up of deposits in the processing equipment. was found to be sufficient. In particular, according to another proposal of the invention, the amount of silane added tends to separate and corresponds to a monomolecular coverage of 50 to 100% of the specific surface area of the additive added to the PVC molding composition. It is also possible to consider higher contents of silane, but this also does not result in a significant increase in the effectiveness of the invention, ie prevention of plate-out. The silane groups advantageously used in the PVC molding composition proposed by the present invention are vinyl, β-
Trialkoxysilyl compounds with short-chain alkoxy groups, such as chloroethyl, γ-glycidyloxypropyl or chloromethyl. The addition of silane to PVC molding materials is commonly used in PVC
This is advantageously carried out by addition together with the other ingredients in the high speed mixer used for compounding the molding material. However, it is likewise possible to pretreat inorganic additives such as stabilizers, fillers and pigments with the corresponding silanes. It has likewise proven unnecessary to previously hydrolyze the silane to be used by adding water and a suitable catalyst, as is often customary in the silanization of fillers and reinforcing agents. However, on the other hand, the silanols obtained in this way also function fully according to the invention as hydrolysis products of the selected silanes. Disiloxanes and oligomeric siloxanes obtained from the silanols by dehydration also retain the action according to the invention, but the properties become progressively weaker as the degree of polymerization increases. Furthermore, the silane used in the PVC molding composition according to the invention has a very strong effect during the processing of VC-poor PVC molding compositions, since these VC-poor PVC molding compositions have a strong tendency to plate-out phenomena. Accordingly, one embodiment of the invention provides, inter alia
VC-poor PVC with VC content less than 10ppm
Regarding the use of The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of examples and its method of operation will be described. In this case, various PVC molding materials with and without the addition of various silanes, or additives suitably pretreated with silane, are treated in a fluidized mixer in the usual way, and a screw diameter of 86 mm and a total screw length of 16 D are prepared. In an axial screw extruder, one part is extruded through a wide slot nozzle to form a plate, and the other part is extruded through a profile tool to form a tube. In this case, the residence time of the molding material is determined by the average inlet temperature of 120℃
and an average exit temperature of about 195° C. in the extruder for an average of 8 minutes. In each case, do not add silane
The PVC molding materials were compared with the same PVC molding materials with the addition of different silanes or with different weight contents of silane for the PVC molding materials. The effectiveness of the silane was judged by deposit formation on the extrudate surface and deposit formation on the tool surface. When determining surface changes in the form of striations and speckles in the extrudates as well as deposits in the tool, the following criteria were introduced: 0 = no striations/spots/deposits 1 = mild striations / Spots / Deposits 2 = Moderate streaks / Spots / Deposits 3 = Strong streaks / Spots / Deposits example A S-PVC (K value 65) 100 parts by weight, lead sulfate 3 parts by weight, stearic acid Consisting of 1 part by weight of lead, 0.3 parts by weight of calcium stearate, 1 part by weight of epoxidized soybean oil, 0.3 parts by weight of oxystearic acid, 1.0 parts by weight of long-chain wax esters, 10 parts of calcium carbonate and 1 part of titanium dioxide (rutile form). Mixture A
was extruded and formed into a plate as described above. Already after a short extrusion time (several hours) plate-out was observed, the surface of the plate was marked by striations and had obvious deposits. After about twice the driving time,
The extrusion was discontinued as the surface of the plate became even worse. Upon removal of the tool, clear deposits were observed, especially in the area of the breaker of the wide-slot tool, which were extremely difficult to remove. Example B In a second experiment, mixture B, consisting of 100 parts by weight of the mixture components of Example A and 0.1 parts by weight of vinyltriethoxysilane, was mixed in the same way, extruded in the same machine settings and formed into plates. Even after several times the operating time as mixture A, the mixture B with addition of vinyltriethoxysilane showed no deposits either on the plate or on the tool surface. Example C 0.125 parts by weight of β-chloroethyltriethoxysilane were added to 100 parts by weight of the mixture A according to Example A and processed in the same manner. Again, the added silane prevented plate-out, thereby improving the processing properties of the PVC molding compound. Examples D and E 0.15 parts by weight of γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane or α-chloromethyltriethoxysilane are added to 100 parts by weight of mixture A, thereby preventing plate-out during processing as shown in example A. I was able to prevent it. Examples F and G Add 0.125 parts by weight of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or β-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to 100 parts by weight of mixture A,
The plate-out occurring in Example A was thereby significantly reduced in fact, but could not be completely prevented for long. The results for Examples A-G are summarized in the attached table. In an example of a further series of PVC molding compositions without and with various silane additives, known compounds which can be used as adhesion aids to improve impact strength and notch impact strength are used. It has been found that silanes are not automatically effective in improving the processability of PVC molding materials without plate-out prevention according to the invention. Table 1 shows the results of measuring impact strength and notch impact strength as criteria for adhesion and deposit formation of PVC molding materials with various adhesive silanes. Moreover, Example A is a comparative example. As can be seen from the table, PVC by Example A in Example and K
The silane used as an additive to the molding compound does indeed have an improving effect on the impact strength and notch impact strength, but no improvement in deposit formation compared to the PVC molding compound is observed. However, although inhibition of deposit formation was obtained in Examples B and H, as already mentioned above, no improvement in impact strength or notch impact strength was obtained. The table shows other examples of PVC molding material A.
The effects of various substituted oxy groups on selected silanes are described. Up to PVC molding material M,
The effects of the invention are completely noticeable. Contains silane with 18 carbon atoms in alkoxy group
Even in the case of PVC molding material N, a slight reduction in the plate-out prevention effect in PVC molding material A is only confirmed. Another series of examples listed in Table 1 includes the use of vinyltrimethoxysilane in various amounts as a silane additive to the PVC molding compound according to Example A, in which the plate-out inhibition effect is dependent on the amount of silane. It is written as follows. Already PVC
Although an unsatisfactory effect was confirmed with 0.0085 parts by weight of silane per 100 parts by weight of molding material A (Example P
), this result is clearly noticeable when increasing the amount of silane according to the following Example Q, Example R and Example R
has been further improved. Furthermore, in the case of Examples H and S, no further appreciable improvement occurs. This is because, with the amount of silane used, deposits could no longer be observed when extruding into plates. Example T In the previous Examples B to S, the silane was added to PVC molding composition A in pure form in a fluidized mixer. In the following Example T, 1 part by weight of β-chloroethyltriethoxysilane is mixed with 1 part by weight of water brought to a PH value of about 4 with acetic acid, and 2 parts by weight of the mixture are added to Example A.
Add to 100 parts by weight of Hakusho used in . After a strong case, the thus silanized white porcelain was dried and prepared as Example A.
Add equal amount in place of untreated Hakujo. Extrusion of the molding material T using the wide-mouth extruder described above is as follows:
No deposits were shown on the plate or on the tool. Example U In the next example U, 100 parts by weight of molding material A are mixed with 0.085 parts by weight of vinyltrimethoxysilane and 0.085 parts by weight of water.
parts by weight in a fluidized mixer and subsequently extruded as described above. Again, no differences were apparent compared to Example H, in which the same silane was added without water. In this case as well, no deposits were found on the plate or on the tools. Example V In Example V, β
-250g of chloroethyltriethoxysilane was heated to 80-82°C under reflux cooling. PH of 40ml of water with acetic acid
4 and added gradually with stirring. The mixture was further heated under stirring at 80-82°C for 10 hours. After subsequent cooling, the reflux condenser was removed and replaced by a distillation attachment. In this case, the alcohol formed was distilled off at 76-78°C. After the distillation was completed, the residue was further heated to 130°C and kept at this temperature for 4 hours. After cooling, a slightly yellow colored, highly viscous liquid was present. For the purpose of better handling,
This liquid was dissolved in 270 g of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. 0.2 parts by weight of this solution was added to 100 parts by weight of molding material A in a fluidized mixer. Extrusion was carried out as in the previous example and shaped into plates. No deposit formation could be observed on either the plate or the tool. Example W In the apparatus described in Example V, with stirring, 500 g of β-chloroethyltriethoxysilane were added to 120 ml of water acidified to PH 4 at 80-82° C. while cooling to reflux. After heating for 10 hours, the mixture was cooled, the reflux condenser was replaced by a distillation attachment, and the resulting alcohol was subsequently distilled off. The silanol and siloxane thus produced were further heated at about 150° C. for 24 hours. A gel-like product is present after cooling;
The product was further dried at 100°C under vacuum. After a drying time of 24 hours, a colorless, transparent, viscoelastic product was present, which was no longer soluble in water and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. However, the product could still be dissolved in ethyl acetate under heating. 0.1 part of the product, based on the solid material, was added to 100 parts by weight of molding material A in a fluidized mixer and extruded into plates as described above. After extrusion, there were almost no deposits on the plate, but there were obvious deposits in the tool. However, the deposits were clearly reduced even in the tool compared to molding composition A without additives. In the following example, the effect of β-chloroethyltriethoxysilane and vinyltriethoxysilane on PVC molding compositions of other compositions is shown. Example No major difficulties arose. However, after reducing the VC content by subsequent degassing of the PVC material, the composition described in Example The tubes already extruded were of low quality. PVC molding compound without silane: BASF Vinoflex 526 (S-PVC, K value 68, VC content <10 ppm), 100 parts Lead sulfate 1.5 parts Lead stearate 1.0 parts Calcium stearate 0.5 parts Wax ester 1.5 parts Pigment concentrate (based on _TiO2 content)
RAL7011) 2.0 parts Analysis of deposits revealed significant concentration of lead and titanium. β-Chlorethyltriethoxysilane
After adding 0.1 part by weight to 100 parts by weight of the described composition, deposits no longer formed even after several weeks of continuous production. Example Y 100 parts by weight of Vinoflex® 526 (VC content < 10 ppm), 3.5 parts of lead phosphite, 2 parts of lead stearate, 1.5 parts of long-chain wax esters, 10 parts of white salt (e.g. as in molding material A), A mixture consisting of 5 parts of rutile titanium dioxide, when extruded into tubes, exhibited increasing deposits in the tools after several hours of extrusion time, so that continuous production for several weeks was no longer possible. By adding 0.1 part by weight of vinyltriethoxysilane to 100 parts by weight of the molding material PVC, extrusion could be carried out for several weeks without failure. Example Z 90 parts of suspension polymerized PVC (K value 68), 10 parts of impact strength modifier, solid barium/cadmium complex stabilizer
2.5 parts, 1 part epoxidized soybean oil, organic phosphite
A composition consisting of 0.5 parts wax ester, 1.5 parts wax ester, 3 parts white ester, and 5 parts titanium dioxide showed significantly disadvantageous deposit formation during profile extrusion when using VC-poor degassed PVC. The mixture 100
β-chloroethyltriethoxysilane in weight part
By adding 0.1 part by weight, the formation of deposits could be sufficiently reduced and trouble-free production was possible. Example AA S-PVC (K value 65) 75 parts by weight DOP 22 Epoxidized soybean oil 3 Lead sulfate 3 Lead stearate 1 Calcium stearate 0.3 Long chain wax ester 1.0 Oxystearic acid 0.3 Calcium carbonate ( Specific surface area approximately 5m ² /g)
A PVC molding composition AA consisting of 10% titanium dioxide was treated according to example A in the same way as PVC molding composition A and extruded to form a plate. Significant plate-out due to the formation of striations or deposits was observed on the extruded plate and tool surfaces after several hours of production time. Next, the PVC
β- to molding material AA, 100 parts by weight of PVC molding material
0.125 parts by weight of chloroethyltriethoxysilane was added. The molding material no longer exhibited plate-out during the same processing.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A solvent-free molding material based on polyvinyl chloride with a slight plate-out behavior during processing, which molding material has the general formula: 1 CH ₂ =CH-Si(OR) ₃ or 2 R'-(CH ₂ ) _o -Si(OR) ₃ or 3 R''-O-(CH ₂ ) ₃ -Si(OR) ₃ or 4 Cl-(CH ₂ ) _n -Si(OR) ₃ [In the formula, R' represents NH ₂ , m is 1 or 2, n is 1, 2 or 3, R'' represents [formula] or [formula] or [formula], and R is C silanes which represent alkyl or acyl groups having 1 to 18 atoms, the alkyl group optionally being interrupted several times by oxygen;
It is characterized by containing 0.005 to 2% by weight.
PVC molding material. 2. One or more selected silanes are
At a concentration of 5.10 ^-4 to 1.0 parts by weight calculated as silicon or 0.005 to 2.0 parts by weight, especially 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight, calculated as silane, based on 100 parts by weight of the molding material.
PVC molding material according to claim 1, which is contained in the molding material in a concentration of parts by weight. 3. Trialkoxysilyl compounds of vinyl, β-chloroethyl, γ-glycidyloxypropyl or chloromethyl are used, the alkoxy group containing up to 4 C atoms. PVC molding material described in. 4. Claims 1 to 3, in which the silanes are used as hydrolysis products in the form of corresponding silanols or in the form of disiloxanes obtained from said silanols by dehydration, as well as their oligomeric siloxanes. As stated in any one of
PVC molding material. 5. PVC molding material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which silanes are used together with fillers, stabilizers, pigments. 6. According to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which solid lead stabilizers and/or calcium stearate and/or solid barium/cadmium stabilizers are used as stabilizers. PVC molding material. 7. PVC molding material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which a VC-poor PVC with a VC content <10 ppm is used.