JPS62100154A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a thin-type motor, from which high efficiency and high torque are acquired, by constituting one of a stator and a rotor by magnetic poles in uniform width and organizing the other by equally arranging armatures in the same width and armatures in specified narrow width. CONSTITUTION:Magnetic poles N, S, which occupy a central angle acquired by dividing 360 deg. by an integer and have approximately uniform width, are fitted to one 5 of a stator and a rotor. Armatures 2 in wide width occupying a central angle approximately the same as the magnetic poles N, S and armatures 2' in predetermined narrow width are disposed and mounted equally to the other. A central angle occupied by the armature 2' in narrow width is brought to approximately (1-1/M) times as wide as the central angle occupied by the armatures 2 in wide width when phase number is represented by M while only M armatures 2' are set up on the odd number of M and only 2M armatures 2' on the even number of M in the number of the armatures 2'.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a motor.

(About terminology) In this specification, an armature refers to a mechanical element, regardless of whether it is a rotor or a stator, that generates magnetic poles by winding a coil around a ferrous core, a non-ferrous core, or an alternative thereof. Further, as long as the coil generates a magnetic pole, a hollow coil may be included as necessary. Angular designations used to indicate mechanical configurations refer to the mechanical angle (geometric angle) to the center between each adjacent mechanical element. However, it goes without saying that the expression used to represent electrical phase is electrical angle.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, motors include induction motors, synchronous motors, commutator motors, and the like. Among these motors, for example, in a motor configured such that a stator is arranged at the center of the frame and a rotor is arranged around the outer periphery of the stator, the fixed There were two winding methods for winding the coil around multiple iron cores provided around the outer circumference of the coil: full-section winding and short-section winding. Among these, motors that use full-scale three-phase alternating current are widely known, and are configured to operate on the principle of operation shown in FIG. The figure is a conceptual diagram showing a 360° linear development of a rotary motor.The example motor has an 8-pole rotor, and slots for storing coils wound around the stator. has 24 grooves, and Figure 3 shows a part of the stator as described above, where the coil is wound halfway, and in order to simplify the drawing, the coil is wound only once in the 17=l slot. Although this is a conceptual cutaway diagram, the coils to be stored in the slots are arranged in a slot 3 in the middle of a plurality of fixed armatures 2 provided on the outer periphery of the stator 1.
It is constructed by winding three-phase coils of A, B, and C over two layers each. Such a motor is generally configured so that the relational expression S=MPθ holds true, where M is the number of phases, S is the number of slots, P is the number of poles, and θ is the coil pinch. In order to apply rotational force to the rotor, a three-phase alternating current is applied to the coil 4 wound around the fixed armature 2, as shown in the lower part of FIG. The magnetic fluxes of the magnetic fields φA, φB, and φC are generated, and the position of the composite magnetic field (indicated by the dotted line in the figure) is rotated by changing the phase with the passage of time, and is applied to the outer periphery of the fixed armature 2. A rotating magnetic field is created, and the rotor is rotated by the rotating magnetic field.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, if we take such a three-phase eight-pole motor as an example,
(1) With the above winding method, the length of the coil that is ineffective becomes longer than the length of the coil that is effective for generating torque in the fixed armature, and the amount of winding of the coil winding increases. (2) In addition, as shown in Figure 3, these coils are not used sufficiently and efficiently to obtain high torque. Since the coil is wound, as shown in the figure, for example, if a three-phase coil is wound, it will be wound in three layers. Therefore, the overlapped portions of the coils become thick, which becomes a fatal defect especially when trying to make the motor thin, such as for rotating various types of disks. In short-pitch winding, there is no straddling of slots as described above, but instead a full-pitch winding condition cannot be achieved. (3) In addition, in a motor that employs such a coil winding method, in order to obtain high torque, the number of windings of the coil must be increased, and for this purpose, the slot 3 provided in the stator 1 must be increased. . . ., the motor must be large, so in this case, there are disadvantages such as an unavoidable increase in the size of the motor itself.

The present invention eliminates the various drawbacks of the conventional motors described above, and provides a thin motor that can provide high torque.

(Means and actions for solving problems) For this purpose,
The present invention allows one of the stator and rotor to rotate 360 degrees around the entire circumference.
It consists of magnetic poles of approximately equal width occupying a central angle divided by an integer. The other is placed between a wide armature that occupies a central angle that is approximately the same as the width of the magnetic poles, and a narrow armature that is approximately (11/M) times (where M is the number of phases) the central angle that the wide armature occupies. A configuration in which the number of width armatures is equally arranged is Q.

However, when M is an odd number, Q is set to be one time the number of M, and when M is an even number, Q is set to be twice the number of M.

As a result, the coil wound around the armature is a full-pitch winding, and there is no winding across the slot in the middle of the coil, so that magnetic flux can be efficiently generated in the armature. Then, by efficiently utilizing the magnetic flux, high torque can be obtained, and at the same time, since the motor itself is made thin and compact, it is possible to create a motor that can obtain high torque.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below based on an example shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual front view of a three-phase eight-pole motor which is an embodiment of the motor of the present invention. However, in reality, the fixed armature coil 4 has a large number of turns around one iron core, but in order to avoid complication of the drawing, the number of turns of each coil is shown as two turns.

In the figure, a fixed armature 2... and a rotor 5 are arranged in a frame (not shown), and the fixed armature 2...
The rotor 5 is made to rotate around the outer periphery of...

Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 5 (a-shaped angle 360°)
The magnetic poles N and S provided in the magnetic poles are divided into an integer number of 360', for example, 8 poles, the angle occupied by each pole is -j=45°, and the poles are arranged alternately.

In this case, the rotor consists of a permanent magnet or an armature wound with a DC coil. On the other hand, the stator 1 is provided with nine slots 3 on its outer periphery, and coils 4 are inserted into the nine teeth on the sides of the slots 3 as shown in the figure. (However, the armature 2 is wound with two turns). Here, the fixed armature 2... is rotated A every 120 degrees.

It is divided into three phases, B and C, and three armatures 2 are arranged in each phase. Then, two of the three armatures are wide at 45°, the same as the angle occupied by the magnetic poles, and the remaining one is narrow at 30°, which is 45°00 times. The children 2' are evenly spaced between the wide armatures as shown. Then, current is applied to the three phases A, B, and C of the fixed armature 2 through an angle of 120°.

Next, a description will be given of how to determine the angles occupied by the magnetic poles of the narrow armatures 2' disposed in each of the A, B, and C phases of the stator l. This is done using the formula shown below. That is, P is the number of magnetic poles that equally divide one geometric period of 360°, which is an even number, M is the number of phases, M>1, and Q is a number that depends on M, Q>1 (however, if M is an odd number of phases) In this case, Q takes the same number as M, and when M is an even phase, Q takes the same number as M.
When N is an integer and N>1, the following formula should hold true. This is because the angle 36 occupied by the wide armature of armature 2 in this formula
Let 0' 1 be θ2(N-1) and -y-(1-1/M)
That is, assuming that the angle occupied by the remaining one magnetic pole in the same phase, in other words, the angle occupied by the narrow armature, is 03, the equation (2) above can be converted into the following equation. That is, θ1=02(N-1)+03.

Therefore, since the sum of θ2 (N 1) and θ3 becomes the total angle per phase, the angle multiplied by Q becomes 360°, which is exactly within the circumference of the circle.

In other words, the angle occupied by each magnetic pole of the rotor is 36
It is an angle obtained by dividing 0° by the number of poles, and the wide fixed armature 2 occupies the same angle as each magnetic pole of the rotor. On the other hand, since the angle occupied by the narrow fixed armature is (1-π) times the angle occupied by the wide armature (where M is the number of phases), the angle occupied by the narrow fixed armature is multiplied by M. (M-1), which is an integer. Therefore, the number of wide armatures is (M-1) less than the number of magnetic poles of the rotor, and 0 narrow armatures 2' (however, Q is as above) are arranged therein. For example, the angle occupied by the entire fixed armature is 360 degrees, which means that it fits perfectly within the circumference.

Note that the angle occupied by each armature refers to the center between adjacent armatures.

It goes without saying that these equations can be applied not only to the three-phase, eight-pole motor, but also to multi-phase AC motors, such as two-phase, six-pole motors.

Next, the operation of the motor configured as described above will be explained.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operating principle of the three-phase eight-pole motor.

In the figure, the magnetic poles of the upper rotor 5 and the lower fixed armature 2 are shown in a developed view. Of these, rotor 5
The magnetic poles N and S are divided into 8 equal parts every π in mechanical angle, and it rotates exactly once in 2π. On the other hand, the fixed armature 2 has A for each π.

3-phase current of B and C is applied. and 1 within the 1 phase
is composed of two armatures occupying a wide width of Tπ and one armature occupying a narrow width of Tπ.

The lower part shows a structure in which a three-phase alternating magnetic field is generated in the stator 1 by passing a current. The reason why the magnetic fields are in opposite directions within the same phase is because the winding directions of each armature are opposite. Here, the three-phase alternating current is A, B,
Electricity is applied at intervals of 1π electrical angle per equivalent of C, and 8π, which is three times that, corresponds to the total mechanical angle of 2π of the stator 1.

Then, 1π of the magnetic field within one phase is equal to the mechanical angle π of the wide armature within one phase of the stator 1.

In this relationship, the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 are now N+, Sl, N2, . It is assumed that they are arranged in the order of N2, etc., and when N1 is on the left end side, it is assumed that it is 0° in the entire circumference of 360° corresponding to the minus rotation. Here, the magnetic field generated by flowing three-phase alternating current through the coil 4 wound around the fixed armature 2 is generated for each phase of A, B, and C. Draw a waveform as shown at the bottom of the figure. Then, the magnetic poles of the armature 2 in each phase of A, B, and C of the stator 1 are designated by the magnetic pole symbols NA, SA, etc., shown in the same figure. Excite.

At this time, N2 is repelled by NA and attracted to SH. N2 is repelled by SB and attracted to NB, thus producing a torque that causes all magnetic poles to rotate rightward in the drawing until S4. However, N+ and NA, Sl and S
A is the neutral zone, but if the rotor rotates even slightly to the right, N1 is repelled by NA and SA
, Sl is repelled by SA and attracted to SB, thus producing a torque that causes the rotor to rotate clockwise across all poles.

Then, the magnetic pole N1 of the rotor 5 is moved to the right by 15 degrees in mechanical angle.
When the rotor 5 moves, the relationship between the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 and the fixed armature 2 becomes as shown in FIG. That is, at this point, the above A
The phase of the magnetic field generated in each phase of , B, and C is 60° in electrical angle.
As shown in FIG. 5, the direction of the C-phase magnetic field changes, so that the polarity of the C-phase stationary armature becomes opposite to that in FIG. At that time, N1 will repel NA and SA
SI is also repelled by SA and attracted by NA, thus producing a torque that causes the rotor to rotate in the right direction. However, in the figure, S3 and SC, and N4 and NC are neutral zones, but if the rotor rotates even slightly to the right, N3 will repel SC and be attracted to NC, and N4 will become N4.
It is repulsed by C and attracted to SC, which also generates a torque that rotates clockwise across all poles. In each case from Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, the rotor moves 15 degrees to the right in mechanical angle compared to the previous time, and the phase of the magnetic field generated in the fixed armature 2 is 6 degrees in electrical angle.
It shows the polarity of the rotor and the fixed armature at the time of advancing by 0°. That is, in FIG. 6, the direction of the magnetic field generated in the B phase is opposite to that in FIG. 5, and in FIG. 7, the direction of the magnetic field generated in the A phase is opposite to that in FIG. 6.
Although the magnetic poles of the fixed armature change, at any point in time the relationship between the rotor and the fixed armature is the same as that described in Figures 4 and 5, and at all positions (with the exception of neutral and It will be understood that in the zone, a torque is generated that rotates the rotor to the right (same as in the descriptions of FIGS. 5 and 6).

(Other Embodiments) The above description has been made using a three-phase eight-pole motor as an example, but a person skilled in the art can freely select and design the number of phases and the number of poles as long as the requirements described in the claims are satisfied. It goes without saying that the armature of the present invention may be used for the rotor 5 and the stator may be a field magnet such as a permanent magnet. Examples of the term armature include when it refers to an armature, and when it refers to a mechanical element as opposed to a field magnet, but the term is not limited to these.

In addition, in cases where a particularly lightweight design is required,
It is also possible to use hollow coils as the armature of the invention.

FIG. 10 also shows a two-phase 6
FIG. 2 is a conceptual front view of a stator used in a polar motor. In this case, the angle occupied by the magnetic poles N and S of the rotor 5 is 60°, resulting in six pieces, whereas A of the fixed manual method.

Armature 2 placed in A', B, B' phases...
In total, there are 8 pieces, and 1 equivalent is 2 pieces.

The angle occupied by the two armatures 2 is 60° for the wider armature and 30° for the narrower armature. In this case, since the number of phases is even, the narrow armature 2' is equal to the number of phases.
We will arrange 4 pieces, which is double the number.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention is configured and operates as described above. Therefore, in the case of three phases, the angle occupied by the magnetic poles of the fixed armature 2 is A, B, C, compared to the angle occupied by the N and S magnetic poles provided equally on the inside of the rotor 5. In each phase, by providing one each with an angle smaller than the angle occupied by the magnetic poles of the rotor 5, no matter what angle the rotor 5 is positioned with respect to the stator 1, The coil 4 is wound around the armature 2 of the stator 1 so that magnetic poles that do not match each other emerge.
The motor according to the present invention has (1) different from the above-mentioned conventional motor, because the motor according to the present invention can adopt the full-pitch winding method even though it has one iron core and one coil. Each armature is fully energized, and as explained above regarding torque generation, each armature works effectively to generate rotational torque at any time, so it is lightweight compared to the weight of the iron core and coil. In addition, a motor that generates large torque can be obtained. (2) Since there is no coil that spans each iron core, the motor can be designed to be thin, and
A high torque motor can be obtained. (3) There is no armature that is not energized at the time of construction like a conventional AC motor;
And because there is no coil spanning each iron core, the coil can be shorter, and therefore less inductance is created in the coil. There are many effects such as

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a conceptual front view of a 3-phase 8-pole motor that is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the operating principle of a conventional 3-phase 8-pole (lap-wound) motor, and Fig. 3 is the same. Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams showing the state in which coils are wound around the stator in a three-phase eight-pole (lap-wound) motor, and are used to explain the operating principle of a three-phase eight-pole motor that is an embodiment of the present invention. , a diagram comparing the rotor, armature, and magnetic field; Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 are diagrams comparing the same rotor and armature; Figure 10 is a diagram comparing the same rotor and armature; FIG. 2 is a conceptual front view of a two-phase six-pole motor according to an embodiment. In the diagram 1... Stator, 2... Armature, 3...
Slot, 4...Coil, 5...Rotor. Patent Applicant Nippon Ferrofluidics Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 10 A Procedures Amendment September 30, 1985 Commissioner of the Patent Office Kuro 1) Mr. Akio 1, Indication of Case 1985 Patent Application No. 23839 2. Name of the invention Motor 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 2-17-22 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Representative Akira Yamamura 6. Number of inventions increased by the amendment None 8.
Contents of amendment +1) The specification is corrected as shown in the attached sheet. (2) Replace the drawing as shown in the attached sheet. 9. List of attached documents (1) Amended specification 1 copy (2) Amended drawing 1 copy Description 1. Title of the invention Motor 2. Claims One of the stator and rotor has a total circumference of 360 mm. between wide armatures occupying a central angle that is approximately the same as the width of the magnetic poles; --”
) A motor constructed by arranging double narrow armatures equally. However, M is the number of phases, and N is a natural number smaller than M. 3. Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a motor. (About terminology) In this specification, a magnetic pole refers to a mechanical element that generates a magnetic field of a certain polarity, such as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and an armature refers to a rotor or a stator, whether it is a ferrous core or a non-ferrous core. A mechanical element that generates a magnetic field by winding a coil around an iron core or something that replaces it. Also, if it is a coil that generates a magnetic field,
An air-core coil may be included if necessary. In addition, armatures in which several cores are grouped together and one coil wound around them, and armatures in which coils are wound in the same direction around each adjacent core, each function as one magnetic pole. It is imaged with one armature. The central angle occupied by the magnetic pole and armature refers to the central angle from the boundary to each adjacent machine element, and when there is a gap between each adjacent machine element, from the center of the gap to the gap. The central angle to the center of However, it goes without saying that the expression used to represent electrical phase is electrical angle. (Prior Art) Conventionally, motors include induction motors, synchronous motors, commutator motors, and the like. Among these motors, for example, in a motor configured such that a stator is arranged at the center of the frame and a rotor is arranged around the outer circumference of the stator, a motor is installed on the stator in order to create a rotating magnetic field in the stator. The coil is wound around a plurality of iron cores, and there are two winding methods, such as full-pitch winding and short-pitch winding. Among these motors, a motor using a three-phase alternating current of all stages is widely known, and a motor constructed as shown in a conceptual front view in FIG. 2 is widely known. The illustrated motor has a rotor 5 (rotor) with 8 poles, and a stator 1 (stator) with 24 armatures 2 provided around its outer periphery.
It is equipped with The figure shows such a stator 1,
In order to simplify the drawing, this is a conceptual front view in which a coil is wound only once in a set of slots 3, but the coil 4 is connected to a plurality of fixed armatures 2 provided on the outer periphery of the stator 1.
..., A and B each straddle two slots 3... in the middle. It is constructed by winding C three-phase coils in an overlapping manner. In general, for such a motor, where the number of phases is M, the number of slots is S, the number of poles is P, and the coil pitch is τ,
It is configured so that the relational expression S=MPτ holds true. Next, the principle of operation of such a motor is shown in FIG. The figure shows 2π (360°) of stator 1 and rotor 5 of the rotating motor.
FIG. In order to give rotational force to the rotor, a 3-sum pattern current is passed through the coil 4 wound around the fixed armature 2, so that it is generated at the moment of rotation. The magnetic field is shown at the bottom of FIG. In other words, magnetic fields φA, φB, and φC with three Japanese numbers are generated, and the position of the composite magnetic field (shown by the dotted line in the figure) is rotated to change the position of the fixed armature 2 according to the change in phase with the passage of time. A rotating magnetic field is created around the outer periphery, and the rotor is rotated by the rotating magnetic field. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In general, in conventional motors, (1) as shown in FIG. 2, the coil 4 is wound across two slots; If the phase coil 4 is wound around the armature 2, it will be wound in three layers. Therefore, the thickness of the overlapping portion of the coil 4 is increased, which becomes a fatal defect especially when an attempt is made to reduce the thickness of various types of disk rotating motors. In short windings,
There is no straddling of slot 3 as described above, but instead a full winding condition cannot be achieved. (2) In addition, in a motor that maintains this method of winding the coil, the number of windings of the coil must be increased in order to obtain high output. 3.
. . ., the motor must be large, so in this case, there are disadvantages such as an unavoidable increase in the size of the motor itself. The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional motors described above and provides a thin motor that can provide high output. (Means and actions for solving problems) For that purpose,
The present invention allows one of the stator and rotor to rotate 360 degrees around the entire circumference.
It consists of magnetic poles of approximately equal width occupying a central angle divided by an integer. And between the other wide armatures occupying a central angle that is almost the same as the width of the magnetic poles, the central angle occupied by the wide armature is approximately (1-N/M) times (where M is the number of phases). ,
N is a natural number smaller than M. ) Narrow width armatures are arranged evenly. This creates a misalignment between the magnetic poles and the armature to effectively obtain output, and the coils wound around the armature are full-pitch, and there is no winding across the slots in the middle. Magnetic flux can be efficiently generated in the armature.The magnetic flux can be used efficiently to obtain high output, and at the same time, the motor itself can be made thinner and smaller because it is a full-scale motor, and high output can be obtained. (Embodiment) The present invention will be explained in detail below based on the embodiment shown in the drawings. Fig. 1 is a conceptual front view of a 3-phase 8-pole motor which is an embodiment of the motor of the present invention. However, in reality, the coil 4 of the fixed armature is wound a large number of times in one ball L coil.
To avoid complication of the drawing, the number of turns of each coil is shown as two turns. In the figure, a stator 1 is placed in a frame (not shown).
...and rotor 5, and stator 1...
The rotor 5 is made to rotate around the outer periphery of the rotor 5. The number of magnetic poles of the rotor 5 is selected based on the design, but in this case, eight poles are selected, and for this purpose, the number of magnetic poles provided on the inner circumferential surface of the rotor 5 (geometric angle 2π) is selected. N,
S is equally divided into an integer, for example, eight poles, and the angle occupied by each pole is set to 2π÷8=π/4, and these are arranged alternately on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 5. Here, the rotor 5 is composed of a permanent magnet or an armature wound with a coil for flowing direct current. On the other hand, the stator 1 is provided with nine slots 3 on its outer periphery, and each slot 3...
Coil 4 (
However, the armature 2.2' is wound with 2 turns).
Create a configuration that includes... Here, the stator 1 has angles A and B at every angle of 2π/3. It is divided into three phases of C, and the armatures 2, 2', etc. are A. Three pieces are arranged for each phase of B and C. By the way, the angle occupied by the armature 2.2' is π/4, which is the same as the angle occupied by the magnetic poles, and two of the three armatures 2 are wide, and the remaining one is π/4 (1-N). /M) times, that is, three phases, so M is 3 and N is 1, and the above π/
The armature 2' has a narrow width of π/6, which is 2/3 times 4.
As shown in the figure, they are equally spaced between the two wide armatures 20. Then, the current of each phase is applied to each phase silver of A, B, and C through the stator 1 through an angle of 2π/3. Here, a general explanation will be given of how to determine the angle occupied by the center angle of the wide armature 2 and the narrow armature 2'. The angle occupied by each magnetic pole of the rotor 5 is the angle 2π divided by the number of poles, and among the fixed armatures, the wide armature 2 occupies the same angle as each magnetic pole of the rotor 5. On the other hand, if the narrow armature 2' is equally spaced around the outer circumference of the stator 1 via two wide armatures, the total central angle will be the same as the original 2'.
All you have to do is make it fit within the angle of π. Therefore, the angle occupied by the narrow armature 2' is the angle occupied by the wide armature 2 multiplied by (1-N/M) (where M is the number of phases and N is a natural number smaller than M). The number of wide armatures disposed on the outer periphery of the stator 1 is set to be a multiple of (MN) smaller than the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 5. Therefore the wide armature, in this case 1 times (M-N)
The central angle occupied by the reduced number is (M−N) times the angle occupied by each magnetic pole of the rotor 5. On the other hand, since the angle occupied by the narrow armature 2' in the center angle is (1-N/M) times the angle occupied by the magnetic poles of the rotor 5, the narrow armature 2' is If multiples of M narrow armatures 2' are arranged on the outer periphery of 1, for example, in this case, M narrow armatures 2' are arranged
The angle occupied by the central angle of ' is (1-N/M)XM=M-N. That is, it is CM-N) times the angle occupied by the magnetic poles of the rotor 5. That is, the angle occupied by M narrow armatures 2' in the center angle is (M-N) times the angle occupied by each magnetic pole of the rotor 5, and the angle occupied by M narrow armatures 2' is (M-N) coincides with the angle occupied by the central angle of By such a method, the wide armature 2 and the narrow armature 2' are arranged on the outer periphery of the stator 1, and the total central angle becomes the original angle of 2π. Moreover, since the narrow-width armature 2' is placed on the side that is a multiple of M, if one phase of current is passed through the armature within the angle 2π divided by M, there will always be a narrow-width armature within that angle. One armature will be placed. To give another example, in a three-phase 8-pole motor, if N in the above general formula is 2, each wide armature is π
/4, whereas the angle occupied by the narrow armature is (1,-2/3)Xπ/4=π/12
becomes. In this example, the number of wide armatures is a multiple of (M-N) than the number of rotor poles, in this case 2 (M-N)
If we place narrow armatures on the multiple side of M, in this case 2M, that is, 6 pieces, we get 6×π/4+6Xπ/12=2π, which is also the angle of 2π. It falls within the range. In this example, 1. A one-phase current is passed through the armature within an angle where the angle 2π is divided by a multiple of the number of phases, and for example, in a three-phase motor, the A phase, A phase, and
B phase 5 C phase, A phase, B phase. The current of the phase consisting of C phase is repeatedly passed twice, and the whole is 2
It may be set to π. Of course, within the angle occupied by one of the wide armatures 2' and the angle occupied by one of the narrow armatures 2', the core is further divided into smaller pieces, and the magnetic poles of the armatures within the range of the respective angles are divided. The coils may be wound so that they are the same, and in this case, the width of the armature in the range that constitutes the same magnetic pole is regarded as the width of one armature. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 above, a case was explained in which two wide armatures were arranged and then a narrow armature was arranged within the range of angles at which the currents of the two phases flow. The arrangement of the armatures is not limited to this, and even if you design a narrow armature between two wide armatures within the above range, the same effect and effect will be obtained.
This is where the effect can be obtained and can be freely selected as a matter of design. Incidentally, the angle occupied by each armature refers to the angle from the center to the center of each adjacent electric machine gap on the outer periphery of the stator. It goes without saying that these equations can be applied not only to the three-phase, eight-pole motor, but also to polyphase AC motors, such as two-phase, six-pole motors. Next, the operation of the motor configured as described above will be explained. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operating principle of the three-phase eight-pole motor shown in FIG. 1 above. In the figure, the upper rotor 5 and the lower stator 1 are:
The magnetic poles are shown in a developed diagram. Of these, the rotor 5 has magnetic poles N and S of π/4 in mechanical angle.
Each area is divided into 8 equal parts. On the other hand, three-phase currents A, B, and C are applied to each stator 1 every 2π/3. It is shown that two armatures 2 occupying a wide width of π/4 and one armature 2' occupying a narrow width of π/6 are arranged in one phase. The lower part shows the alternating magnetic field generated in the stator 2 at the moment when the three-way current is applied. The reason why the magnetic fields are in opposite directions within the same phase is because the winding directions of each armature are opposite. In this relationship, the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 are now I'J+, St, Nt, Sz...from the left in the figure.
..., and if NI is on the left side, then 0 on the entire circumference 2π of the - rotation is assumed to be 0.
°. Here, the armature 2゜2' of the stator 1...
The instantaneous magnetic field generated by passing a 3-Japanese current through the coil 4 wound around... is A. Draw waveforms as shown at the bottom of the figure for each phase of B and C. The armature 2.2 in each phase of A, B, and C of the stator l
The magnetic poles of '... are indicated by the magnetic pole symbol N in the same figure
Excite as shown in A, SA... At this time, N2 is repelled by NA and attracted to SB. N2 is repelled by SB and attracted to NB, and so on until S4, all magnetic poles produce an output that rotates to the right in the drawing. However, N, N A 1S I and SA are in the neutral zone, but if the rotor rotates even slightly to the right, NI will be repelled by NA and S
In this way, Sl is repelled by SA and attracted to NA, thus producing an output that causes the rotor 5 to rotate clockwise across all poles. And the magnetic poles N, S, N2 of the rotor 5...
When the rotor 5 moves to the right by π/12 in mechanical angle, the relationship between the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 and the stator 1 becomes as shown in FIG. That is, at this point, the phase of the current flowing through each phase of A, B, and C advances by π/3 in electrical angle, and as shown in Fig. 5, the direction of the magnetic field of the C phase changes, so that the C phase is fixed. The polarity of child 1 is opposite to that in FIG. At that time, the rotor 5 generates an output that rotates in the right direction, such that N is repelled by NA and attracted to SA, SL is also repelled by SA and attracted to NA, and so on. However, S and SC in the same figure. N4 and NC become a neutral zone, but if the rotor rotates even a little to the right, S, will repel SC and be attracted to NC, and N4 will repel NC and be attracted to SC, and as expected. Produces an output that rotates to the right across all poles. Figures 6 to 9 show the points at which the rotor 5 has moved to the right by π/12 in mechanical angle and the phase of the current flowing through stator 1 has advanced by π/3 in electrical angle compared to the previous time. In,
The polarity of the rotor 5 and stator 1 is shown. That is, in FIG. 6, the direction of the magnetic field generated in the B phase is opposite to that in FIG. 5, and in FIG. 7, the direction of the magnetic field generated in the A phase is opposite to that in FIG. Although the magnetic poles of It will be understood that in this case, an output is generated that rotates the rotor 5 to the right (same as in the explanations in FIGS. 4 and 5). (Other Embodiments) The above description has been made using a three-phase eight-pole motor as an example, but a person skilled in the art can freely select and design the number of phases and the number of poles as long as the requirements described in the claims are satisfied. It goes without saying that the armature of the present invention may be used for the rotor 5 and the stator 1 may be a field magnet such as a permanent magnet. Examples of the term armature include when it refers to an armature and when it refers to a mechanical element as opposed to a field magnet, but the term is not limited to these. In addition, in cases where a particularly lightweight design is required,
It is also possible to use an air-core coil as the armature of the present invention. In addition, in order to obtain a predetermined magnetic flux distribution, for example, a wide armature 2
The coil may be wound so that the armature is divided into several parts and the divided armatures have the same polarity. FIG. 10 also shows a two-phase 6
FIG. 2 is a conceptual front view of a stator l and a rotor 5 used in a polar motor. In this case, the angle between the magnetic poles N and S of the rotor 5 is π/3, which is six, while the angle between the magnetic poles A and B of the stator l. The number of armatures 2, 2', . And the angle occupied by the two armatures 2 and 2' is calculated as follows: If M is 2 and N is 1 in the general formula for the angle occupied by each armature, since it is a 6-pole motor, the wide armature 2 is 2π ÷ 6=π/3 Narrower armature 2' is (1-N/2)Xπ/3, N
If we take 1, it becomes π/6. In this case, four narrow armatures 2' are arranged, which is twice the number M of phases. (Effects of the Invention) The present invention is configured and operates as described above. In contrast to the angle occupied by the N and S magnetic poles provided equally on the inside of the rotor 5, the angle occupied by the magnetic poles in the stator 1 is A in the case of three phases. In each phase B and C, by providing one each with an angle smaller than the angle occupied by the magnetic poles of the rotor 5, it is possible to determine the angle at which the rotor 5 is positioned relative to the stator 1. Even if the magnetic poles do not match each other, there will always be magnetic poles that do not match each other, and the armature 2.2' of the stator 1...
Although the coil 4 is wound in one coil per ball, it is possible to use a full-pitch winding method. Generally, in such a motor, as shown in Fig. 11, which shows the relationship between the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 and the magnetic poles of the armature 2, the relationship between the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 and the magnetic poles of the armature 2 is shown in Fig. 11. The maximum output is produced, and the moment the relationship as shown in Figures (B) and (C) is reached, there is a dead zone and no output is produced. (1) In the present invention, the electrical Each magnetic pole of child 2 is in any position at any time in the same figure (A).
The relationship is as follows, and the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 and the magnetic poles of the armature 2 are misaligned, which works effectively to generate rotational output, and is lightweight compared to the weight of the iron core and coil. Moreover, a motor that generates a large output can be obtained. (2) Since there is no coil spanning each iron core, the motor can be designed to be thin. (3) Since there is no magnetic flux that is canceled out at the moment of formation like in a conventional AC motor, and there is no coil that spans each iron core, the coil can be short, and therefore the inductance generated in the coil is also reduced. There are many effects such as 4. Brief explanation of the drawings Figure 1 is a conceptual front view of a 3-phase 8-pole motor that is an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing a conventional 3-phase 8-pole (lap-wound) motor with coils attached to the stator. Front conceptual diagram showing how it can be wrapped.
Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the rotor, armature, and magnetic poles in comparison to show the operating principle of the motor in Figure 2, and Figures 4 and 5 are the three-phase, eight-pole motor shown in Figure 1. To explain the operating principle of a motor, the rotor, armature, and magnetic field are compared, and Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 are diagrams that compare the rotor and armature. , FIG. 10 is a conceptual front view of a two-phase six-pole motor which is another embodiment of the same, and FIG. 11 is a diagram comparing the positional relationship between the stator and rotor in the motor. In the diagram, 1...stator, 2.2'...armature, 3.
...Throft, 4...Coil, 5...Rotor. Patent applicant Nippon Ferro-Fluidics Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 10 Figure 11 (A) (B) (C)

Claims (1)

[Claims] Of the stator and the rotor, one is composed of magnetic poles of approximately equal width occupying a central angle obtained by dividing the entire circumference of 360° by an integer, and the other is composed of magnetic poles of approximately the same width as the width of the magnetic poles. Between the wide armatures, the number of narrow armatures whose width is approximately (1-1/M) times the center angle occupied by the wide armatures (where M is the number of phases) is placed between the wide armatures. When the number is odd, Q is M
When M is an even number, Q is twice the number of M).