JPS6189991A - Vane type rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To aim at uniformization in clearances between a cylinder block and a rotor during operation and the promotion of lightweightiness in these elements, by setting a side plate at the side adjoining a high temperature discharge chamber to one being made of an Fe group metal and another side plate at the side of a suction chamber to one being made of an A1 group metal, respectively. CONSTITUTION:Out of side plates closing opening part at both sides of a cylinder block 2, a side plate 3F at the front side adjoining a suction chamber 13 is formed with an aluminum (A1) group metal being large in an expansion coefficient as a material. With this formation, the promotion of lightweightiness comes to fruition, while during operation, the front side plate 3F is cooled by suction gas whereby its thermal expansion is checked. On the other hand, a rear side plate 3R at the side adjoing a discharge chambers where temperature comes high is formed with a ferrous (Fe) metal being small in the thermal coefficient as a material so that the expansion value is as negligible as small. With this constitution aforesaid, clearances to be formed between the cylinder block 2 and a rotor 5 at both ends in front and in the rear of the block 2 is uniformizable and, what is more, the promotion of lightweightiness is made attainable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a vane type rotary compressor particularly suitable for vehicle air conditioning.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a vane-type rotary compressor formed using lightweight materials for the purpose of weight reduction.

Conventional technology Vane type rotary compressors for vehicle air conditioning are generally characterized by their small size, but recently, in addition to this feature, weight reduction has also been required.

There are two ways to reduce the weight of a compressor: a structural approach and a material approach. Conventionally, one approach to reducing the weight of a compressor is to reduce the weight of the rotor and cylinder block that make up the compressor. A method of using aluminum metal as a material (attempts have been made) is shown in FIG. A pair of front and rear side plates 3F and 3R, which are provided to shield the front and rear ends of the cylinder block 2, are made of iron and iron alloys (hereinafter referred to as "iron-based metals"). 57
-157087) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above method, since the cylinder block 2 and rotor 5 are made of aluminum-based metal, the compressor is lighter in weight. On the other hand, when the cylinder block 2 and rotor 5 thermally expand as the temperature rises during operation of the compressor, both the front and rear side plates 3F and 3R have a small coefficient of thermal expansion (compared to aluminum-based metals). ) In addition to being formed using iron-based metal as a material, both side plates 3F, 3R and cylinder block 2 are bolted with 20 bolts.
The radial expansion of the rotor is restricted due to the fact that the rotor is fastened to each other, but the radial expansion of the rotor is not restricted. The front side plate (suction side) has a relatively low temperature while the rear side (discharge side) has a high temperature, so the thermal expansion of the front side plate is smaller than that of the rear side plate. Thermal expansion in the radial direction of the cylinder block also creates an unbalance between the front and rear parts, and the clearance between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder block 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 5 is not uniform in the front and rear. There is a problem in that the area is narrowed due to the narrowing of the area, resulting in a problem of burn-in.

In the process leading up to the present invention, as an improvement plan, we tried a method in which the front and rear side plates were made of aluminum metal, similar to the rotor and cylinder block, and as mentioned above, the front side (intake side) The temperature is relatively low, whereas the rear side (discharge side) is hot, so the rear side of the cylinder block has a larger thermal expansion than the front side, and the rotor as a whole has a front side (front side). Since the temperature is close to that of the cylinder block and the cylinder block does not undergo much thermal expansion, a large rear clearance occurs between the cylinder block and the cylinder block on the rear side, resulting in a significant drop in compression performance.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a structure that can maintain a uniform radial clearance between the cylinder block and rotor even during operation, in addition to achieving weight reduction. be.

Means to solve the problem In a vane-type rotary compressor whose cylinder block and rotor are made of aluminum-based metal,
The side plate facing the discharge chamber, which experiences high temperatures, is made of iron-based metal with a small coefficient of expansion. Compared to that plate, the side plate facing the suction chamber, which does not experience high temperatures, has a coefficient of expansion. 6 Among the side plates that close the openings at both ends of the working cylinder block, the front side plate is made of aluminum metal, making it lightweight. On the other hand, during operation, the front side plate is cooled by intake gas and its thermal expansion is suppressed, and even if the rear side plate thermally expands due to high temperatures, its coefficient of expansion is small, so the amount of expansion is small, and the cylinder Thermal expansion of the block in the radial direction is suppressed by both side plates, making it possible to maintain a uniform clearance between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder block and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor.

EXAMPLES Specific examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to illustrative drawings.6 In both the drawings shown in FIGS. 1
is formed by a rear housing IR having a bottomed cylindrical shape with an opening on the front side, and a front housing IF that closes the opening. An electromagnetic clutch 19 is rotatably supported by the front housing IF via a cylindrical boss (not shown) located at the center of the front housing IF. Furthermore, a cylinder block 2 made of aluminum-based metal is fitted into the rear housing IR, and front side plates also made of aluminum-based metal are provided on both sides of the cylinder block 2. 3F and a rear side plate 3R made of ferrous metal are fastened together with bolts (not shown) so as to sandwich the cylinder block 2, and are fitted into the rear housing IR. The inside of the cylinder block 2 is formed into a cylindrical shape with an elliptical hollow part passing through the front and back, and a rotor shaft that passes through the hollow part is provided between the side plates 3F and 3R that shield both the front and rear openings. 4 is suspended horizontally. A cylindrical rotor 5 is fixed to the rotor shaft 4 in correspondence with the elliptical hollow portion of the cylinder block 2. The rotor 5 is formed using aluminum-based metal as a material, and its outer peripheral surface is provided so as to be able to make sliding contact with the short diameter portion of the inner wall surface of the elliptical hollow part with an appropriate clearance. .

Since the rotor 5 is provided so as to be in sliding contact with the short diameter portion of the inner wall surface, a pair of compression chambers 6.6 are formed between the rotor 5 and the outer peripheral surface on the long diameter side of the inner wall surface. be done. Further, a plurality of vane grooves 7 are formed in the rotor 5 so as to extend in the radial direction so that both front and rear ends thereof are open to both the front and rear end surfaces of the rotor 5. A back pressure chamber 7a is provided at the bottom, into which vanes 8 are fitted so as to be freely retractable.

On the other hand, a suction chamber 13 is formed between the front housing IF and the front side plate 3F. It is provided so as to communicate with the starting end of the compression chamber 6 via the. Also, rear side plate 3R and rear housing IR
A discharge chamber 15 is formed between the rear walls, and the discharge chamber 15 is provided so as to communicate with the terminal end of the compression chamber 6 via a discharge passage 16 and a filter 17. A reservoir 18 is provided at the bottom of the discharge chamber 15.

Thus, the compressor is operated and a compression effect is obtained, and the suction chamber 13. As the temperature inside the compression chamber 6 and discharge chamber 15 increases, each member of the cylinder block 2, rotor 5, front side plate 3F, and rear side plate 3R will be heated, but the intake temperature is Since the discharge temperature is high while the average temperature is low, the above-mentioned members are heated to a higher temperature on the rear side than on the front side. In the cylinder block 2, the rear side is heated to a higher temperature than the front side, so when comparing the front side and the rear side, a larger thermal expansion occurs on the rear side. Front side plate 3F provided at one end of the front side of the cylinder block 2
is formed using aluminum-based metal as a material, whereas the rear side plate 3R provided at one end of the rear side of the same cylinder block 2 is formed using iron-based metal as a ladle. Same cylinder block 2
This provides the effect of greatly restricting thermal expansion at one rear end of the cylinder. In other words, the rear side plate 3R formed of iron-based metal on the rear side, where larger thermal expansion occurs, has the effect of regulating the thermal expansion to a greater extent, so that the front and rear ends of the cylinder block 2 are Thermal expansion can be approximately averaged. That is, the clearance formed between the front and rear ends of the cylinder block 2 and the rotor 5 can be made uniform.

In addition, when experiments were conducted on the conventional structure, the proposed improvement, and the present invention using actual machines, the following results were obtained.

■Conventional structure (both front and rear side plates are made of iron-based metal) When the operation is stopped, the clearance formed between the inner diameter DC of the short diameter side of the cylinder block 2 and the outer diameter DR of the rotor 5 is the front end of the cylinder block 2. The compressor was operated with a pressure of 20μ at both ends of the rear side, and measurements were taken at each part of the compressor when the intake gas temperature reached 10℃. As shown in the graph of Fig. 3, the rotor 5 expanded by about 48μ, while the front side of the cylinder block 2 expanded by about 48 μ at normal temperature. 20μ was 41μ, and 2 on the rear side.
0μ expanded to 62μ, respectively. In other words, the clearance between the rear end and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is 20μ to 1
Although the clearance was slightly narrowed to 4μ, the clearance at the front end was 17μ, which led to seizure on the front side.

■Improvement plan (front and rear side plates are both made of aluminum-based metal) Actual measurements were conducted under the same conditions as above, and as shown in the graph in Figure 4, the front side of the cylinder block 2 was raised from room temperature 20μ to approximately 62μ. The rear side is about 20μ to about 1
The clearance with the outer peripheral surface of the rotor at the front end is 14 μ, while the clearance with the outer peripheral surface of the rotor at the rear end is 68 μ, and compressed gas leaks on the rear side. This resulted in decreased reliability due to decreased performance and increased temperature.

■The present invention Under the same conditions as above, actual measurements were carried out with the temperature of each part of the compressor rising to the temperature shown in the graph of Fig. 6. As shown in the graph of Fig. Valve 4. -It expands to about 62μ, and the gap between it and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor is 1 on both the front and rear sides.
A clearance of 4μ was obtained.

Effects of the Invention In the present invention, in addition to the rotor and cylinder block being formed using an aluminum metal as a material as described above, the side plate on the suction chamber side is formed using an aluminum metal as a material. As a result, it has become possible to further improve the weight reduction of the vane type rotary compressor.

Furthermore, in the present invention, among the pair of front and rear side plates that shield both the front and rear openings of the cylinder block, the front side plate is formed using an aluminum metal as a material, while the rear side plate is formed using an aluminum metal as a material. The rear side plate is made of iron-based metal with a smaller expansion coefficient than the cylinder block, and the rear side plate is used to restrict thermal expansion on the rear side of the cylinder block. By cooling with intake gas and suppressing the thermal expansion of the plate, it became possible to adjust the imbalance in thermal expansion between the front and rear sides of the cylinder block. In other words, the front and rear clearance formed between the sill block and the rotor can be maintained in an appropriate state at all times.
We have now been able to improve its compression performance and durability.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, by forming the front side plate using aluminum-based metal as a material as described above, it is possible to improve the heat dissipation effect of the front side bearing part, thereby making it possible to improve the heat dissipation effect of the front side bearing part. It has now become possible to improve the durability of the parts.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vane type rotary compressor according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the same side. FIG. 3 is a graph showing an experimental example of the conventional structure, FIG. 4 is a graph showing an experimental example of the improved proposal, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing an experimental example of the present invention. In addition, Fig. 6 is a graph showing the temperature distribution of each part of the compressor when the intake gas temperature reaches 10°C as basic data for the above experimental example, and Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the same cylinder block and rotor. . Furthermore, FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vane type rotary compressor according to a conventional structure. 1...Housing, IF...Front housing,
IR...Rear housing, 2...Cylinder block, 3F...Front side plate, 3R...Rear side plate, 4...Rotor shaft, 5...Rotor, 6...Compression chamber, 7 ...Vane groove, 7a...
Back pressure chamber, 8... vane, 10... discharge hole, 11...
・Discharge valve, 12...Retainer-113...Suction chamber,
14... Suction hole, 15... Discharge chamber, 16... Passage, 17... Filter, 18... Reservoir, 19...
・Electromagnetic clutch. Patent Applicant: Toyota Industries Corporation Fig. 3 0 FeAt Fe Fig. 6 Fig. 4 AI A cross 5
While driving

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A cylinder block fitted into a housing forming an outer shell, and a pair of front and rear side plates which are also fitted into the housing and fastened to the block so as to cover both the front and rear openings of the hollow part of the cylinder block. , a rotor disposed within a hollow portion of the cylinder block to form a compression chamber; a suction chamber provided between the housing and one side plate in communication with the starting end of the compression chamber; The suction chamber is formed in a vane-type rotary compressor comprising a discharge chamber provided between plates in communication with an end portion of a compression chamber, and in which the cylinder block and rotor are made of aluminum-based metal. A vane type rotary compressor in which one side plate that forms a discharge chamber is made of an aluminum metal, and the other side plate that forms a discharge chamber is made of an iron metal.