JPS6177528A - 4-wheel driving car - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the generation of 4-wheel drive erroneously when 2-wheel drive is required by the use of a frywheel hub, by regulating the operation of a 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch to 4-wheel drive, when the hub is in free state. CONSTITUTION:Front and rear wheels 10 are equipped with a selection driving wheel 11 for the switching between drive and non-drive and a direct driving wheel 12 to which a driving force is directly transmitted. The output of a transmission mechanism 14 connected to an engine 13 is directly transmitted to the direct driving wheel 12, and an output is transmitted into the switching driving wheel 11 through a clutch 15 for selecting 2-4 wheel drive and a hub 16 operated in lock and free state. A detecting means 17 for detecting the free state of the hub 16 is installed, and a regulating means 18 for regulating the operation to the 4-wheel drive of a control means 19 for switching-controlling the clutch 15 when the detection signal of the detection means 17 indicates that the hub is in free state is installed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) This invention is applicable to 11a-two-wheel drive that drives one of the rear wheels, and four-wheel drive that drives both front and rear wheels. Regarding a four-wheel drive vehicle that is switched by a switching operation, more specifically, when a freewheel hub is used to switch to two-wheel drive, the above-mentioned clutch is prevented from being operated to the four-wheel drive side. Regarding my 4 wheel drive vehicle.

(Prior art) Conventionally, using a clutch for 2-4 wheel drive l, TJ change,
There was a part-time type 4-wheel drive model that switched between 2-wheel drive and 4-wheel drive (e.g. Ebo JP11iJ 5).
No. 8-101829<-! 1>.

In this type of 4-wheel drive vehicle, when the clutch is used to drive the vehicle to 2-wheel drive, the non-driven wheels are rotated by the ground pressure, so this! A 6'11 drive system is rotated from the II wheel to the above-mentioned clutch.

The rotation of the drive system described above is equivalent to 10% of the engine output.
This was not desirable as it caused vibration and yA blindness.

In order to solve the above problem, when the wheel that is switched between driving and non-driving is equipped with a freewheel hub that locks or releases the driving force, when set to two-wheel drive. Additionally, there is a means for preventing rotational force from the wheels from being transmitted to the aforementioned drive system.

In this case, the above-mentioned problem is solved, but if 4-wheel drive is accidentally operated, the above-mentioned clutch will be turned off.
By turning N, the stopped drive system is driven, and a very large load is placed on the clutch. Therefore, the clutch needs to be designed to be large enough to withstand this load, which creates new problems such as space for installation and heavy suspension of the vehicle body.

(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to restrict the clutch for switching between 2-4 wheel drive from being operated to 4-wheel drive when the hub is free, and to achieve 2-wheel drive by using a free wheel hub. The aim is to provide a four-wheel drive vehicle that can prevent accidental four-wheel drive operation when the vehicle is turned on.

(114th feature of the invention) This invention provides a drive wheel that is switched between driving and non-driving among the front and rear wheels, and is equipped with a hub that controls output transmission between lock and free. Detects that the vehicle is a 4-wheel drive J vehicle and restricts the 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch from switching to 4-wheel drive.
Take T-su.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the front and rear wheels 10 include switching drive wheels 11 that can be switched between driving and non-driving.
The transmission has direct drive wheels 12 to which driving force is directly transmitted, and the direct drive shaft 12 is connected to an engine 13.The transmission has direct drive wheels 12 to which driving force is directly transmitted.
(2-4 wheel drive%) J switching clutch 15 and a hub 16 that operates output transmission between lock and free, and detecting means for detecting that the hub 16 is in a free state. 17 is set up, and this test U+; ¥ stage 17
When the detection signal indicates that the hub is free, the 2-4 wheel drive l;U switching clutch 15 is switched (II to ffl
The present invention is characterized in that one of the control means is a four-wheel drive vehicle provided with a control means 18 for restricting operation to four-wheel drive. .

(Effect of the invention) This invention (Y), when the hub is operated freely, 2-4+
Switch the Q drive switching clutch ai (J control control 1
Since the regulating means prevents the means from being operated to four-wheel drive, it is no longer possible to switch to four-wheel drive based on two-wheel drive based on the use of a hub. Since the above-mentioned clutch does not drive the drive system, it is effective in terms of fuel efficiency and prevention of vibration and noise.In addition, the load on the clutch is reduced, improving durability and reliability. do.

(Example) An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

The drawing shows a four-wheel drive vehicle, and in FIG.
The output of 3 is transmitted to transmission 14, and the output of this transmission 1j':14 is input to 1 to 7/20, and this transfer 20 has 2-4 wheel drive l;7Il. ! yI clutch 15 is pulled.

The drive wheel is 1) ηlj? as a switching drive shaft that can be switched between driving and non-driving. 11 and a rear wheel 12 as a direct drive shaft, and the front wheel 11.11 is connected to the front drive shaft 21, the front differential 22, the front car 1r11123.23, and the hub 16.16 from the 1 to 11. , the above-mentioned 2-4tλ drive switching clutch 15 is switched between driving and non-driving.

The above-mentioned hub 16.16 is a freewheel hub, and the driving force from the front wheel 1 to the axle 23.23 is artificially switched between lock (transmission state) and free (non-transmission state). .

The rear wheel 12 is connected via a rear drive@24, a V-differential 25, and a rear axle 26.26, and the mission BJ! It is directly driven by the output from 11, 1.14.

The above-mentioned 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch 15 is switched and controlled by the controller 27.
The controller 27 includes a detecting means 17.17 built in the hub 16.16 of the front wheel 11.11 to detect the free state of the hub 16.16, which will be described later. A signal is inputted, and detection signals of pickup sensors 28, 28 for detecting the rotational speed of the front center shafts 23, 23 of the front wheels 11.11 are also inputted.

The above-mentioned pickup sensor 28.28 outputs signals corresponding to the respective rotational speeds of the front wheels 11.11 from the front axle 23.23, and based on these signals, the front wheels 1.
1.11, and the difference between these rotational speeds is calculated as q. When this rotational difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined value α, it is determined that the turning is in a tight corner.

The above-mentioned predetermined value α is set, for example, to a rotation difference of 70% to 80% of the rotation difference that occurs at the minimum turning radius of the vehicle.

FIG. 3 shows the above-mentioned transfer 20, in which the input shaft 31 and the output shaft 32 are arranged coaxially and separately, and the input shaft 31
is provided with a low-speed clutch 33 and a high-speed clutch 34, and the output side of the high-speed clutch 34 is located inside the output shaft 32! The output of the input shaft 31 is transmitted to the U-connection output shaft 32 when the high-speed clutch 34 is turned on.

An output gear 36 is formed on the output side of the aforementioned low-speed clutch 33, and is rotatably supported on the axis of the inlet)'f'1l131 via a yuzuke, and this output gear +736 is connected to the reduction gear 37.
38 meshes with the input side 37, and its output l111138 meshes with the above-mentioned input key (35), and the reduction gear 37.
38 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 40 installed in the case 39 via a bearing.

The above-mentioned output shaft 32 is equipped with a clutch 1 for switching between 2-4 wheel drive.
5 is pulled y24, and an output blocket 41 for the front drive IIj is formed on the output side of the clutch 15, and is supported on the shaft of the output 1111132 via a bearing.

A front drive input sprocket 42 is pivotally supported via a bearing at the lower part of the three cases described above, and a chain 43 is stretched between it and the output sprockets 1 to 11 described above.

According to the drive system described above, when the low speed clutch 33 is turned ON, the input driving force is transferred to the output key 1736 and the reduction gear 37.
．． 38, the output lI'1l132 is driven via the input gear 35, and when the high-speed clutch 34 is turned on, the output shaft 32 is directly driven.

Also, when the 2-4t GorA dynamic switching clutch 15 is turned on, the driving force of the output @32 is transferred to the output shaft block 41.
, the inlet block block 42 is driven via the chain 43.

A flange 44 fixed to the outer end of the output shaft 32 is connected to the aforementioned rear drive shaft 24 to drive the rear wheel 12.
Also, a flange 45 connected to the output side of the input cast block 42 is connected to the front drive shaft 21 and drives the front wheel 11.

A pressure regulator valve 46, a manual valve 47, and a shift valve 48 are installed in the upper part of the case 39 mentioned above.
is provided.

The pressure regulator valve 46 described above is connected to the input shaft 3.
The pump discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump 49 staged on the input side of the pump 1 is controlled to a constant pressure.

In addition, the manual valve 47 is operated by the driver to switch between auto and manual mode by operating the operating lever 5°. , can be switched between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive.

In addition, the shift valve 48 is configured by 1) the controller 27 described in a.
2-4 by operating the solenoid valve 51.
The wheel drive switching clutch 135 is operated to switch between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive.

Note that the oil passage 52 of the shift valve 48 is in contact with the back side of the piston 53 of the 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch 15.
fA and pressurized oil is supplied thereto, thereby moving the piston 53 and turning the clutch ON.

Note that the clutches 33 and 34 for low speed and n speed described above are similarly constructed (j11).

FIG. 4 shows the operating position of the aforementioned operating lever 50.
is the auto position, in which 2-4 wheel drive switching is automatically controlled by the controller 27. In this case, the high-speed clutch 34 is turned on and the four-wheel drive is set to high-speed drive only.

B, C, and D are the positions for manual operation by the driver, and the B position is the two-wheel drive operation (V position, 2-4
The wheel drive switching clutch 15 is operated OFF. C
The position is the high-speed four-wheel drive position, and the high-speed clutch 3
4.2-4-wheel drive switching clutch 15h; ON1. :
Be manipulated. The D position is a low-speed four-wheel drive position, and the low-speed clutch 33.2-four-wheel drive switching clutch 15
is turned on.

Note that each operating position of the above-mentioned operating lever 5o is detected by an appropriate sensor.

FIG. 5 shows the aforementioned hub 16, which is a freewheel hub, and includes an inner 57 with serrations 55 and 56 carved on the inner circumferential surface and an outer circumferential surface, and serrations 58 carved on the inner circumferential surface. and an intermediate ring 62 which is slidable in the axial direction at an intermediate position between these outer rings and has a relation E'60°61 carved on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface. The serrations 61 on the outer circumferential surface of the ring 62 are constantly engaged with the serrations 58 on the outer circumferential surface, and the serrations 60 on the inner circumferential surface engage with the outer circumferential surface of the inner 57 as the intermediate ring 62 is rotated in and out in the 1111 direction. The serrations 56 and the connection 1 are rubbed.

A fixing ring 63 is fixed to the outer ends of the five outer parts, and an operating ring 64 is fixed to the center position of the fixing ring 63.
are screwed together, and this masterpiece ring 64 moves inward and outward in the axial direction by rotation degrees within a set angle range.

A spring 65 is fitted to the inner outer peripheral portion of the operating ring 64, and the operating ring 64 and the intermediate ring 62 are connected via the spring 65.

Therefore, when the operating ring 64 is rotated in the forward direction, the intermediate ring 62 moves inward and engages with the serrations 56 of the inner 57, allowing the inner ring 57 and the outer 59 to rotate together. When the lock p4) is rotated in the opposite direction, the intermediate ring 62 is pulled by the spring 65 and moves outward, disengaging from the inner ring 57 (free state).

A switch element 66 , 67 is provided at an intermediate position between the inner 57 and outer 59 and opposite the inner end of the intermediate ring 62 , and this switch element 66 , 67 constitutes the detection means 17 described above. However, when the intermediate ring 62 is in the locked state, 0N11 is generated at the inner end of the intermediate ring 62.

As mentioned above, the hub 16 (11S) has the serrations 55 on the inner peripheral surface of the inner 57 in the front middle.
(See FIG. 2) are connected by fitting into serrations formed on the shaft end of the front wheel 11, and the outer 59 is fixed to the rim of the front wheel 11 via bolts 68 to connect to the rim of the front wheel 11.

When the operating ring 64 is operated to enter the free state, the switch elements 66 and 67 are turned off, and a free state detection signal is obtained.

The operation of switching between 2-wheel drive and 4-wheel drive in the 4-wheel drive vehicle configured as described above will be explained with reference to FIG. 6. In this embodiment, when the operating lever 50 is in the auto-off position, when the vehicle starts moving and the vehicle slips, the vehicle is automatically controlled to move the four wheels to 11-speed in order to increase the grip force of the wheels. It has become.

In a first step 71, it is determined whether or not the operating lever 50 is in the auto position A based on the output of a sensor (not shown) installed on the operating lever 50, and it is determined that the operating lever 50 is in the auto position A. In a second step 72, it is determined whether the vehicle is starting or not.
This determination is made by detecting the driving state of the vehicle, and if it is determined that the vehicle is not in a starting state, in a third step 73, it is determined whether the wheels are slipping. Zunawara, rear wheel 12
A pickup sensor (not shown) for detecting this rotation speed is mounted on the 7-width shaft 26.26, and the speed is 1 iF.
f- The rotation speed of the rear wheels is set to 0, and the rotation speeds of the front wheels 11 and rear wheels 12 are compared to detect the slip state of the wheels.

If it is determined that the wheels are not slipping, the process proceeds to the following step /υ, where braking phenomenon avoidance processing for ties 1 to cop is performed.

In other words, the 4th. At the fifth step 74.75, front wheel 11
The left and right rotational speeds NL and NR are detected based on the output of the pickup sensor 28, 28, and in a sixth step 76, the difference between the above-mentioned two rotational speeds NL and NR is determined. It is determined whether it is larger than a predetermined value α, and when it is determined that it is smaller, it is determined that the turn is not a tight corner, and in a seventh step 77, the detection means 17, that is, the switch element 66°, determines whether the hub 16 is in a free state. If the shift valve 48 is not in the free state, the solenoid valve 51 of the shift valve 48 is turned on, and the 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch 1 is turned on.
5 is turned on, and both the front wheels 11 and the rear wheels 12 are driven.

When it is determined in the sixth step 76 described in 11a that the turning is larger than the predetermined value α, it is determined that the turn is a tight corner, and furthermore, in the seventh step 77, the hub 16 is in a free state. When it is determined that this is the case, in the ninth step 79, the solenoid valve 51 of the shift valve 48 is operated OFF, the 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch 15 is operated OFF, and only the rear wheels 12 are driven, and the front wheels 11 are driven. is in a non-driving state.

As a result, the phenomenon of tie-corner braking is avoided in a tie-first turn, and when the hub 16 is set in the free state, the switch to four-wheel drive is automatically performed. Regulated.

When it is determined in the first step 71 that the operating lever 50 is not in the auto position Δ, in the tenth step 80 it is determined whether the operating lever 50 is in the four-wheel drive position C or D, and the four-wheel drive When the driving is determined, the process skips to the fourth step 74, and processing for avoiding braking phenomena for tight corners and regulation processing based on the free state of the hub 16 are performed.

If the four-wheel drive positions C and D are not determined in step 80 above, it is two-wheel drive, and the process is skipped to the ninth step (7).

When it is determined in the second step 72 that it is not time to start (while the vehicle is running), or if a slip is detected in the third step 63, the process is skipped to the seventh step 77, and as described above, the process is performed due to the free state of the hub 16. Regulatory processing takes place.

As in the above embodiment, the hub 16 is set in a free state,
When set to two-wheel drive, switching to four-wheel drive is restricted, and erroneous control to four-wheel drive is prevented.

Note that the detection means 17 included in the switch elements 66 and 67 are as follows.
For example, it can be configured with other detection elements such as pressure sensitive elements.

In the correspondence between the configurations of this invention and the above-described embodiment, the control means of the present invention corresponds to the shift valve 48 of the embodiment and the switching control of the 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch 15 of the controller 27, and the detection means , switch element 66.67
The regulating means corresponds to the process of the seventh step 77 of the controller 27, and the other configurations correspond to the same component names in the embodiment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a four-wheel drive vehicle according to the embodiment, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a transfer, and FIG. 4 is an operation diagram. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the lever, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the hub, and FIG. 6 is a flow chart. 10...Front/rear wheel 11...Switching drive wheel (front wheel) 12...Direct drive wheel (rear wheel) ° 13...Engine 14...Mission landing j4 15...2-4 Wheel drive switching clutch 16...Hub 17...Detection means 18...Regulation means 19...υ1■ means 27...Controller Fig. 4 Fig. 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The output from the transmission mechanism connected to the engine is directly transmitted to one of the front and rear wheels, and the output is transmitted to the other of the front and rear wheels via a 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch. A four-wheel drive vehicle configured to transmit power to the other of the front and rear wheels, comprising: a control means for intermittent control of the 2-4 wheel drive switching clutch; and a control means for switching the transmission of output to the other of the front and rear wheels between lock and free. a hub to be operated; a detection means for detecting that the hub is in a free state; and a clutch for switching between two and four wheel drive when the control means receives a detection signal from the detection means indicating that the hub is free. A four-wheel drive vehicle, comprising: a regulating means for regulating operation of the vehicle into four-wheel drive mode.