JPS6170007A - Three-component conjugated fiber and spinneret for making the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:Two different kinds of polymers re arranged alternately around the outer periphery of the core polymer so that the individual components of the two polymer are exposed to the fiber surface, then the resultant 3-component conjugated fibers are partially peeled or patrially dissolved to give fibers for new aplications. CONSTITUTION:The spinneret nozzle for making a conjugated fiber from 3 different kinds of thermoplastic polymers A, B and C is composed of a hole 13 for introducing polymer A, introduction part 9 which is located in the down stream of the hole 13 and introduces polymer B from the outer pheriphery of the hole 13, 2-component sending part 15 which is located at the bottom of the introduction part 9 and has plural holes on its periphery directing toward the center and sends the 2 polymers through the holes to the 3 polymers joining part 18, a plurality of introduction parts 21 which are located in the downsteam of the part 15 and introduce polymer C from the outer peripheral part and between the adjacent polymer-sending holes and the extruding nozzle 22 for extruding conjugated fiber of 3 components from the bottom of the 3 polymer joining part 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a five-component composite fiber formed from three different types of polymers and having a novel cross-sectional shape, and a die device for producing the fiber.

[Prior art and its problems]

Conventionally, by appropriately arranging different polymers in a single fiber, it is possible to obtain a fiber that combines the characteristics of each polymer, or a fiber that takes advantage of the differences in the characteristics of each F process polymer. An extremely large number of related technologies have been proposed3.
A large number of composite fibers made of two polymers called JI have been produced.

However, there are only a limited number of proposals regarding composite fibers made of five different polymers, and many of them are still at the idea stage. Rita is not sufficiently pursuing a fiber structure that can fully bring out the characteristics of combining five polymers, and requires advanced spinning technology to simultaneously spin three polymers into one fiber. One of the disadvantages is that the structure of the cap is extremely complicated.

As for the technology related to five-component composite fibers,
No. 134, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-59726, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 420721-1982, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 142-142312
There have been many proposals for fibers in the shape of a box, which are made by dividing the easily dissolvable polymer disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-101000, and by dividing segments of a combination of two other polymers. However, what is the final use of this 5-component composite fiber? However, it has the limitation that it is a bicomponent fiber, and also has the disadvantage that the cap structure is complicated.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 55-93813 discloses a fiber having a shape in which two types of polymers are bonded and the fixed segments are divided by a separable polymer; A fiber has been proposed in which a polymer with poor properties is arranged in a segmented manner and a third polymer is arranged as a core within the segment. These five-component composite fibers have a restriction that they cannot exhibit their characteristics unless they are divided into a dividing segment and a segment to be divided.

The shape of is extremely limited. Also, the cap structure has 7 points between the members.
- It has the disadvantages of poor rollability and poor spinning stability.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention provides a versatile five-component composite fiber with a new shape that could not be obtained with the prior art, and provides a practical cap device with a simple structure for its production. It is.

[Structure of the invention]

The object of the present invention described above is to provide a composite fiber made of fi+ five types of thermoplastic polymers A, B, and C.

A five-component conjugate fiber characterized in that polymers B and C each form at least a part of the fiber surface, are in contact with polymer A forming the core, and are alternately arranged on the fiber surface. iA Sera Rin.

In addition, the five-component composite fiber is made of +213 types of thermoplastic polymers A, B, and C in a composite fiber manufacturing spinneret. A two-component derivation part for deriving the polymers A and Bt to a three-component merging part that is bored toward the center from the point and has a derivation hole part, and a two-component derivation part located downstream of the two-component derivation part and between the adjacent derivation holes. The 5ti is characterized by being provided with a plurality of introduction parts C8 for introducing the polymer C from the outer circumferential direction of the branching/merging part and a discharge hole located downstream of the three-component merging part for discharging the three-component composite fiber. The five-component conjugate fiber is manufactured using a die device for manufacturing the five-component composite fiber.

The cross-sectional shape, which is the most distinctive feature of the uninvented five-component composite fiber, will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show typical cross-sectional shapes of the five-component composite fiber of the present invention. In FIG. 1, numeral 1 is a circular core made of polymer A, and is located at the center of the fiber. Four polymers B and C, which are in contact with the core 1 and form the fiber surface, are alternately arranged as four substantially rectangular segments 2 and four substantially fan-shaped segments 5, respectively.

In figure 2? and 4 is a core part formed of polymer A,
They are arranged in a substantially cross shape at the center of the fiber cross section. Polymers B and C, which are in contact with the core 4 and form the fiber surface, are alternately 4
each approximately rectangular segment5. They are arranged as substantially fan-shaped segments 6.

The three-component composite system B in the present invention has a core formed of polymer A at the center of the fiber, and segments of polymers B and C are alternately arranged multiple times in the sheath between the core and the fiber surface. It is essential that the segments formed by polymers B and C contact the core and form part of the am surface. The shapes and sizes of the core and segments are not particularly limited, and it is possible and preferable to change the shapes and sizes between the segments. From the viewpoint of spinning stability, it is preferable that the core be one piece and arranged so as to include the center of gravity of the cross section of the fiber, and it is more preferable that the center of gravity of the core and the center of gravity of the cross section of the fiber coincide. The number of segments formed by polymers B and C is equal to 2, respectively.
In order to improve spinning stability and to achieve the effects of the present invention described later, the number is preferably in the range of 3 to 12.

The three thermoplastic polymers A, B, and C are polyolefins,
It can be appropriately selected from known polymers such as polyester, polyamide, or copolymers thereof depending on the purpose. T dashi S
At least one of the types of thermoplastic polymers must be a fiber-forming thermoplastic polymer, and preferably at least two are fiber-forming thermoplastic polymers. The three types of polymers have dyeability, water absorption, O1 absorption,
It also includes compounds added or copolymerized with compounds that can improve or change functionality such as antistatic properties, gloss, flame retardance, and solubility. That is, different polymers refer to those with different chemical compositions or those to which compounds with different chemical compositions are added, and those with the same chemical composition but different only in degree of polymerization are considered to be the same polymer.

Examples of selecting five types of polymers include a combination of 1 polymer A with polyolefin, polymer B with polyamide, and polymer CVC polyester, 1 polymer A with polyethylene terephthalate, and polymerization holiday with polyethylene terephthalate/nylon-6 blend 1. Various combinations are possible, such as a combination of polymer C and acid dyeable modified polybutylene terephthalate.

Next, a description will be given of a die device that can efficiently and stably produce a compact five-component composite fiber M that achieves the object of the present invention. The die device of the present invention is a die for manufacturing composite fibers made of five types of thermoplastic polymers A, B, and C. Introducing part B introduces polymer B from the outer circumferential direction, and polymers A and B are introduced into the three-component confluence part having three outlet holes in the outer circumferential part of the bottom part in the center direction from multiple places at the bottom of introducing part B. a two-component derivation part for deriving the two-component derivation part, and a plurality of introduction parts C1 which are located downstream of the two-component derivation part and between the adjacent derivation holes and which introduce the polymer C from the outer circumferential direction of the five-component confluence part. and a spout assembly for producing five-component conjugate fiber, characterized in that it is provided with a discharge hole located downstream of the three-component merging part and for discharging the five-component composite fiber.

The base structure of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the cap device of the present invention. The cap device is not limited to that shown in FIG. 5.

The caps in FIG. 5 are L-plate 10, ■-plate 11.
It is composed of five plates: l1l-plate 12. - The plate 10 is provided with a cylindrical introduction hole A (15) through which the polymer A is introduced, and a polymer A outlet hole A (14) is provided at the bottom of the introduction hole A. Although the outlet hole A (14) is not necessarily necessary, the discharge stability of the polymer A is likely to be insufficient with only the introduction hole A, so the discharge hole A (14) is not necessarily required.
It is preferable to provide a lead-out hole A for a 5-plate diameter plate. - Plate 11 has a cylindrical two-component confluence section 151 and a t-th introduction section B (9) into which the polymer B is introduced from the outer circumferential direction of the introduction hole A (same as the outer circumferential direction of the two-component confluence section 15). , and a two-component derivation unit consisting of a central derivation hole 16 and four peripheral derivation holes 17 for deriving the polymers A and B to the five-component confluence part 18 at the lower part of the cylindrical two-component confluence part 15. A section has been established.

The introduction part B (9) in FIG.
Is the shape of the introduction part B the two-component confluence part 15? There is no particular limitation as long as the polymer A is a core and the polymer B is a sheath.

- The plate 12 includes a cylindrical five-component confluence section 18, four introduction sections C to (21) provided on the platform protrusion 20 for introducing the specific polymer C into the five-component confluence section 18, and the bottom of the five-component confluence section. A discharge hole 22 is provided therein. The introduction part C (21) in FIG. 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped groove, but the shape is not particularly limited.

The shape of the discharge hole 22 is not limited to a round hole, and a known deformed hole can also be applied.

■- The positional relationship between the two-component deriving part consisting of the center deriving hole at the bottom of the plate and the outer peripheral deriving hole, and ■- The introduction part C at the top of the plate is important. This will be further explained with reference to FIG. In the t-dashi diagram 145■
- Those corresponding to plates are shown with solid lines, and those corresponding to ■- plates are shown with broken lines. A central outlet hole 16 is provided at the center of the bottom of the two-component merging section 15, and four outer circumferential outlet holes 17 are provided at approximately equal intervals around the outer periphery of the central outlet hole 16.
A, b, c, and d are provided. The central outlet hole is the t-th hole for leading out the polymer A in the two-component confluence section to the five-component confluence section, and the outer circumferential outlet hole conducts the five components, mainly polymer B, in the two-component confluence section. This is the tth hole that leads to the confluence. - The positional relationship of the introduction part C on the upper part of the plate must be between the adjacent outer circumferential outlet holes, and this is shown in Figure 4. In this way, an introduction section C21a for the polymer C is provided between the adjacent outer circumference outlet holes 17a and 17b. This means that C is provided. When the outer periphery of the five-component merging section is extended to the upstream side, the shape is such that it intersects with at least a portion of all the outer circumferential outlet holes to ensure that the segment composed of polymer B covers the surface of the three-component composite fiber. This is a good thing because it allows the formation of

FIG. 5 corresponds to the positional relationship shown in FIG. 4, and includes a central outlet hole 23 and four outer circumferential outlet holes 24a, b,
c and d are shown for continuous shapes. The shape shown in Figure 5 is the polymer C in the five-component composite fiber.
This is a more preferable shape because it can easily prevent the segments formed by merging.

It is necessary that there be two or more S outer circumferential guide holes at the bottom of the two-component merging section, and preferably three to twelve.

It is preferable that the outer circumferential outlet hole is located at the bottom of the two-component merging section, is concentric with the outer circumference of the bottom, and occupies at least a part of the circumference of a circle having a diameter of 50% or more of the outer circumference of the bottom. More preferably, it occupies at least a part or all of the circumference of the circle having the diameter.

The central outlet hole is not necessarily necessary, but it is 25!
It is preferable that the center of gravity of the bottom plane of the branching/merging section is included, and it is more preferable that the center of gravity of the central outlet hole and the center of gravity of the bottom plane coincide.

It is preferable that the central outlet hole is concentric with the outer periphery of the bottom plane, and is located inside a 40-square circle on the bottom outer periphery;
It is more preferable that it be inside the circle of the bottle. If the central outlet hole and the outer circumferential outlet hole are continuous, the outer circumferential outlet hole is formed in a protruding shape from the central outlet hole, and this protruding portion is regarded as the outer circumferential outlet hole.

If the discharge hole 22 from the mouthpiece shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 4 is round, the ratio is 355 as shown in Fig. 1! A composite fiber is obtained. In Figures 3 and 4? By changing the shapes of the central outlet hole and the outer circumferential outlet hole as shown in the WJS diagram, a three-component composite fiber as shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The three-component composite fiber of the present invention has a specific new cross-sectional shape 1 and uses five different polymers.
A wide range of applications are possible, including:

(1) Poor solubility and/or mutual affinity. Three-component composite fiber using five types of polymers is partially dissolved and/or
Alternatively, by subjecting it to a peeling process, it can be made into a mixed fiber yarn composed of five types of materials.

(In item 21+11, one component is dissolved and removed to create a mixed yarn composed of two types of materials.

+31 A, B, and C polymers each having different functionality are used to create a multifunctional fiber having five functions, for example, water absorbency, flame retardancy, and antistatic properties.

(4) Add functionality to Polymer A and use a nonapolymer, and use polymers with different dyeability and gloss for Polymers B and C to obtain nine fibers that have both functionality and aesthetics.

Furthermore, the spinneret device of the present invention is capable of stably spinning the above-mentioned five-component composite fiber, and its filling structure allows the core-sheath composite flow to be guided into the five-component composite fiber in a specific shape together with the fifth polymer. It is based on the novel concept of "doing something" and allows for an extremely simple configuration.

This will be explained in detail using the next VC actual ya9111.

Example 1 Polymer A is polystyrene with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.80 at 50°C Toluene, and polymer B is nylon 6 with a sulfuric acid viscosity of 2.4.
, Polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 1 m 0.65 at 25° C. and ornochlorophenol was used for composite spinning using a composite spinneret as shown in FIG. Polymers A, B, and C all have fiber-forming properties, and the composite ratio is 15/30155 by weight, and spinning 1II
The temperature is 285℃, and the spinning speed is +200m/aun. The resulting undrawn yarn was drawn using a 90°C feed hot roll at a draw ratio of 11 times at 500 m/ml and bound to a 75-denier 24-filament drawn yarn.The cross-sectional shape of this five-component composite fiber drawn yarn was approximately It was as shown in Figure 2. This drawn yarn was woven into tucks and
After treatment with benzyl alcohol according to the method described in Example 2, 8 of Bulletin No. 57927, the weight was reduced by 5% in a sodium 5-thihydroxide water bath solution at 98°C, resulting in 0.5 denier polystyrene/0.24 denier polystyrene. Nylon 610.
42 denier polyethylene terephthalate 1/4/
With a number ratio of 4, a Natsu 9 blended yarn fabric is obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are representative rows of cross-sectional shapes of the five-component composite fibers of the present invention. Fig. s is a vertical cross-sectional view of a one-piece embodiment of the die for producing five-component composite fibers of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view taken along the X-Y cross section of Fig. 5, and l! FIG. 5 shows another actual in-line view at a location corresponding to FIG. 4. 1.4... Core (Polymer A) 2.5... Segment (Polymer B) 3.6...
...Segment (polymer C) 9 ...Introduction part B 10 ...I-plate 11 ......■-Plate 12 ......■-Plate 13...Introduction hole A 14...Outlet hole A 15...Two component merging section 16.23...Center outlet hole section 17.17a-d, 24a=d-=outer periphery lead-out hole 18
...Three component confluence section 19.20 ... Trap-like protrusion 21 , 2 + a-d ... Introduction section C22 ... Discharge hole patent sponsored by Toshi Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2 Number 5 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a composite fiber composed of five types of thermoplastic polymers A, B, and C, polymers B and C each form at least a part of the fiber surface and are in contact with polymer A that forms the core, and the fiber surface A three-component composite fiber characterized by being alternately arranged. (2) In a die for manufacturing composite fibers made of three types of thermoplastic polymers A, B, and C, introduction hole A into which polymer A is introduced.
, an introduction part B that is downstream of the introduction hole A and introduces the polymer B from the outer circumferential direction of the introduction hole A, and an outlet hole part that is bored in the bottom of the introduction part B from a plurality of places on the outer periphery of the bottom toward the center. a two-component derivation part for deriving the polymers A and B to a three-component confluence part, located downstream of the two-component derivation part and between the adjacent derivation holes, and the outer periphery of the three-component confluence part; A spinneret for producing a three-component composite fiber, comprising a plurality of introduction parts C for introducing the polymer C from the direction, and a discharge hole for discharging the three-component composite fiber downstream of the three-component merging part. Device.