JP2010111976A - Spinneret for conjugate spinning - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spinneret for conjugate spinning having compactly arranged nozzles of a side-by-side, sheath-core, sea-island conjugate fibers, or the like, on circles in melt-spinning to use at least two kinds of polymers. <P>SOLUTION: In the spinneret for conjugate spinning of at least two kinds of polymers, a plurality of spinneret distribution plate groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 constituting a part of the spinneret are stacked in vertical direction, individual component polymers are separately supplied to at a part near the center of each spinneret distribution plate and distributed to the parts 11A, B, and C near the center part of the spinneret plate, individual component polymers are distributed and supplied to a plurality of radial groove channels 21, 31, and 41 and circular groove channels 22, 23, 32, 33, 42, and 43 concentrically formed around the center of the spinneret plate, individual component polymers constituting the conjugate single fiber are collected under the lowermost stacked spinneret distribution plate 4 to form a set, and a plurality of the sets are formed to obtain a structure of the spinneret. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite spinning method for melt spinning two or more component composite fibers made from a polyester or polyamide thermoplastic synthetic resin as a raw material, and a composite spinneret therefor.

  To date, when melt spinning a polymer such as polyester, polyamide, and polyolefin, a dedicated melt spinning apparatus for spinning only one kind of polymer has been widely used. However, from the viewpoint of high added value and differentiation of the fiber, for example, by laminating two different polymers side by side, the resulting fiber is given a latent crimp, or the sea component from the sea-island type composite fiber Compound spinning has been performed in which ultrafine fibers are obtained by removing the fiber.

  However, the current technology cannot be said to be a high-value-added fiber simply by having a latent crimp function or an ultrafine function, and for example, adding additional functions such as antistatic property, water repellency, and light permeability. Therefore, it is necessary to realize a highly functional fiber. For this reason, among the two-component polymers constituting the side-by-side type composite fiber, the first component polymer is selected as a polymer having the above functionality, and the second component polymer resin type, melt viscosity, polymerization degree, Alternatively, even higher added value is required with high-performance fibers selected to have different heat shrinkage rates, or ultrafine fibers with a plurality of functional polymers.

  In addition, in order to improve the productivity of two types of polymer functional fibers, in order to obtain as many fibers as possible with one base, it has been devised to optimally arrange the discharge hole groups for spinning the polymer. When distributing various polymers to these discharge hole groups, it is desired in spinning of synthetic fibers that the difference in residence time is reduced as much as possible to obtain uniform polymer properties.

  Regarding such a nozzle channel structure, in Patent Document 1, the productivity of the side-by-side type composite fiber is remarkably improved, and in addition, the entire composite spinning facility is made as compact as a spinning facility dedicated to a single polymer, A technology for significantly improving the equipment manufacturing cost and the operating cost is disclosed. It is true that the composite synthetic fiber can be made compact by this method, but there is a problem that the number of polymers is limited to two.

In addition, anisotropic cooling is also performed by using a so-called “horizontal blown spinning cylinder” that blows cooling air from the lateral direction on a spun composite fiber group that is conventionally used. This horizontal blown spinning cylinder is a conventional technique used in combination with anisotropic cooling technology for side-by-side type composite fibers, but in recent years, a cylindrical thread cooling device for conjugates has also been proposed. For these polymers, there is a need for a method of distributing the polymer around the circumference with as little difference in residence time as possible.
JP 2001-234425 A

  In view of the problems of the prior art described above, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to “compact a side-by-side type, a core-sheath type, a sea-island type, etc. in melt spinning using at least two types of polymers. It is an object of the present invention to provide a melt spinning die having a branched structure that can be accommodated in a circumferential arrangement.

  Here, the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows: “A composite spinning die having at least two polymer components, wherein a plurality of die distribution plate groups constituting a part of the die are vertically arranged. And the bypass die distribution plate group forms a bypass hole for separating and supplying each component polymer to the vicinity of the center of each lower die distribution plate without merging each component polymer, and at least Each of the component polymers supplied from the bypass hole to the center of the base plate of each base distribution plate is branched in a radial direction from the center of the base plate by a plurality of radial groove passages, and the radial groove passage branched. Each component polymer is distributed to an annular groove channel formed concentrically with respect to the center of the base plate, and each base distribution plate located below the distribution hole group formed in the annular groove channel is provided. Penetration through the bottom product Each component polymer is distributed and supplied below the die distribution plate, and each component polymer constituting the composite single fiber is gathered in the vicinity below the lowermost layer distribution plate to form a plurality of these sets. A composite spinneret characterized by having a structure is provided.

  Thus, by using the melt spinneret of the present invention, it is possible to fit a side-by-side type, a core-sheath type, a sea-island type, etc. in a compact circumferential arrangement in melt spinning using at least two kinds of polymers. A melt spinning die having a branching structure is provided.

The embodiment of the present invention described above will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view (top view) schematically illustrating a part of a polymer distribution plate of a composite fiber melt spinning base of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (a) to FIG. A first base distribution plate indicated by reference numeral 1, a second base distribution plate indicated by reference numeral 2, a third base distribution plate indicated by reference numeral 3, and a fourth base distribution board indicated by reference numeral 4 are shown.

  Note that the first base distribution plate 1 to the fourth base distribution plate 4 constitute a part of the composite spinning base, and the first base distribution plate 1 is turned up to the fourth base distribution plate 4 in order. Used together. Therefore, for the four base distribution plates 1, 2, 3, and 4 illustrated in FIG. 1 (a) to FIG. 1 (d), care must be taken so that the positional relationship of the polymer flow paths does not shift when they are superimposed. The drawings are shown in the same phase so that they can be superimposed as they are. At this time, the overlapping surface of the base distribution plates is metal touch sealed, thereby preventing the occurrence of polymer leakage.

  The composite fiber melt spinning base of the present invention has a base plate other than the base distribution plates 1, 2, 3, and 4 above and below the four base distribution plates 1, 2, 3, and 4 described above. However, description of these base plates is omitted. This is because, if a person skilled in the art knows the structure of the four die distribution plates 1, 2, 3, and 4 according to the present invention, these can be applied to the die such as the core-sheath type composite fiber and the side-by-side type composite fiber. This is just a design matter.

  Here, in the embodiment of the four die distribution plates 1, 2, 3, and 4 illustrated in FIG. 1, there are three types of polymers used for the composite spinning, and these three types of polymers are hereinafter referred to as A polymer, They are called B polymer and C polymer, respectively. Further, in the reference numerals shown in the first die distribution plate 1 to the fourth die distribution plate 4, the alphabet of the polymer is included in order to clearly indicate what kind of polymer flows in the flow path through which these polymers flow. It is. For example, if the reference symbol in the figure is described as “10A”, it means that the A polymer is flowing because the reference symbol includes the alphabet “A”.

  In FIG. 1, three types of A polymer, B polymer, and C polymer are respectively supplied to three polymer introduction holes 10A, 10B, and 10C from an upper base plate (not shown) as illustrated in FIG. The first base distribution plate 1 is supplied to polymer supply holes 11A, 11B, and 11C opened at the center of the lower surface of the first base distribution plate 1, respectively.

  In the present invention, the A polymer supplied from the polymer supply hole 11A illustrated in FIG. 1 (a) is supplied to the polymer receiving groove 20A of the second base distribution plate 2 illustrated in FIG. 1 (b). Further, the B polymer supplied from the polymer supply hole 11B passes through the bypass hole 20B formed in the second base distribution plate 2 illustrated in FIG. 1B, and the third polymer illustrated in FIG. 1C. Supplied to the polymer receiving groove 30B of the base distribution plate 3. The C polymer supplied from the polymer supply hole 11C is a bypass hole 20C formed in the second base distribution plate 2 and the third base distribution plate 3 illustrated in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c). Without being merged with each other into the polymer receiving grooves 40C of the fourth cap distribution plate 4 illustrated in FIG. 1 (d). Accordingly, in this process, the three types of A polymer, B polymer, and C polymer flow separately and independently, and do not join each other.

In this way, when the polymer A is supplied to the polymer supply through the hole 11A to the polymer receiving groove 20A of the second nozzle distribution plate 2, as shown in FIG. It is distributed radially toward the outer periphery of the second base distribution plate 2 via 21A ₁ , 21A ₂ , 21A ₃ . In addition to the radial groove channels 21A ₁ , 21A ₂ , 21A ₃ , the second base distribution plate 2 includes three inner annular groove channels 22A ₁ , 22A ₂ , 22A ₃ and one outer annular channel. The groove channel 23A is formed concentrically.

Therefore, the A polymer distributed in the outer peripheral direction of the second nozzle distribution plate 2 through the radial groove channels 21A ₁ , 21A ₂ , 21A ₃ is the annular groove channels 22A ₁ , 22A ₂ , 22A _3. And 23A are also distributed and supplied. At this time, the above-mentioned annular groove channels 22A ₁ , 22A ₂ , 22A ₃ and 23A are provided with a distribution hole group 24A of A polymer (an example of 36 distribution hole groups is shown in the figure) as the second die. It is drilled through the distribution plate 2, the third base distribution plate 3, and the fourth base distribution plate 4, and is supplied to the lower side of the fourth base distribution plate 4 independently from the distribution hole group 24A.

Further, the B polymer supplied from the polymer supply hole 11B of the first base distribution plate 1 passes through the bypass hole 20B of the second base distribution plate 2, and the third base distribution illustrated in FIG. 1 (c). It flows directly into the polymer receiving groove 30B of the plate 3. As in the case of the polymer A in the second base distribution plate 2, the annular groove flow channel 32B ₁ is provided via the radial groove flow channels 31B ₁ , 31B ₂ , 31B ₃ provided in the third base distribution plate 3. , 32B ₂ , 32B ₃ and 33B are respectively supplied from the B polymer distribution hole group 34B (36 distribution hole groups are drilled as in the case of the A polymer). It is supplied below the base distribution plate 4.

Further, the polymer supplied from the polymer supply hole 11C of the first base distribution plate 1 similarly passes through the bypass holes 20C formed in the second base distribution plate 2 and the third base distribution plate 3, respectively. Then, it flows directly into the polymer receiving groove 40C of the fourth die distribution plate 4 illustrated in FIG. 1 (d). As in the case of the A polymer and the B polymer, the annular groove channels 42C ₁ , 42C ₂ , 42C ₂ , 41C ₂ , 41C ₃ , 41C ₃ are provided via the radial groove channels 41C ₁ , 41C ₂ , 41C ₃ . The C polymer is supplied to 42C ₃ and 43C, respectively, and the fourth cap is independently provided from the C polymer distribution hole group 44C (36 distribution hole groups are formed as in the case of the A polymer and C polymer). Supplied below the distribution plate 4.

  As described above, the A polymer, the B polymer, and the C polymer have three distribution holes 22A, 33B, and 44C adjacent to each other in the radial direction of the base plate, as illustrated in FIG. 1 (d). Collected in the vicinity and supplied to the lower side of the fourth die branch plate 4 while forming a total of 36 distribution hole groups as one set. The preferable number of sets is 8 or more and 120 or less. This is because, when the number of groups is as small as less than 8, it is possible to employ a structure with a simple twist without employing a structure such as the composite spinning die according to the present invention. Moreover, if it exceeds 120 sets, the die structure becomes complicated, and furthermore, metal touch sealing on the laminated surface of the laminated die distribution plate group becomes difficult, and it becomes difficult to suitably suppress polymer leakage.

  At this time, when actually performing melt spinning, the side-by-side type composite single fiber group, the core-sheath type composite single fiber group, the sea-island type single composite fiber group, or a combination thereof is also provided below the fourth nozzle branch plate 4. Needless to say, after passing through a base plate (not shown) on which various polymer flow portions for forming the composite single fiber group to be formed are spun from the discharge holes. However, these base plate groups (not shown) formed downstream of the fourth base branch plate 4 are design matters that can be appropriately implemented by those skilled in the art, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

In the present invention, the A polymer, B polymer, and C polymer from the first base distribution plate 1 are supplied from the second base distribution plate 2, the third base distribution plate 3, and the fourth base distribution plate through the polymer supply holes 11A, 11B, and 11C, respectively. 4 flows into the polymer receiving grooves 20A, 30B, and 40C provided in the central portion of 4, respectively. Thereafter, each polymer has a radial groove channel 21A ₁ , 21A ₂ formed radially from the polymer receiving groove 20A, 30B, 40C toward the center of the base plate and radially from the base plate center toward the outer peripheral side. , 21A ₃ , 31B ₁ , 31B ₂ , 31B ₃ , 41C ₁ , 41C ₂ , 41C ₃ . At that time, the number of flow paths to be branched is desirably designed so as to eliminate the difference in residence of each polymer, and in order to realize this, it is preferable to set the number of polymer components to an integral multiple from the center of the base plate. In addition, this makes it easy to design the base distribution plates 1, 2, 3, and 4.

The number of branches of each of the radial groove channels 21A ₁ , 21A ₂ , 21A ₃ , 31B ₁ , 31B ₂ , 31B ₃ , 41C ₁ , 41C ₂ , 41C _{3 is} the polymer used in the embodiment of FIG. The number of components is the same as the number of the three branches, so that the flow path for each polymer toward the center and the flow path radially distributed to the outer peripheral side can be installed in a balanced manner, and The gap between the flow paths through which the polymers flow can be separated as much as possible, and the sealing performance is improved, thereby suppressing the polymer leakage in the die. However, with respect to the number of branches of the radial groove channel, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, three branches that are the same number (1 times) as the number of polymer components are used, but this is shown in the embodiment example of the second nozzle distribution plate of FIG. 2. Thus, the number of polymer components may be 6 branches, which is twice as many as the number of polymer components, and thus the number of polymer components is preferably an integral number of times (particularly 1 to 5 times).

Next, each of the polymers flowing in the radial groove channels 21A ₁ , 21A ₂ , 21A ₃ , 31B ₁ , 31B ₂ , 31B ₃ , 41C ₁ , 41C ₂ , 41C ₃ is concentrically annularly formed in a plurality of circumferential directions. The groove channel is branched into two rows. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the annular groove channel is described as being branched into two rows, but it may be branched into two or more rows.

At this time, as is apparent from FIG. 1, the annular groove flow paths 22A ₁ , 22A ₂ , 22A ₃ , 32B ₁ , 32B ₂ , 32B ₃ , 42C ₁ , 42C ₂ , 42C of the inner circumferential circumferential branch portion There is a possibility that a difference in polymer residence time may occur between ₃ and the annular groove channels 23A, 33B, 43C of the outer circumferential side circumferential branch portion. In this regard, regarding the channel cross section of the annular groove channel, the channel cross-sectional area of the annular groove channel 23A, 33B, 43C on the outer circumferential row is set to the annular groove channel 22A ₁ , 22A on the inner circumferential row side. It is possible to reduce the residence time difference by making it smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area of ₂ , 22A ₃ , 32B ₁ , 32B ₂ , 32B ₃ , 42C ₁ , 42C ₂ , 42C ₃ . However, when changing the cross-sectional area of the flow path, it goes without saying that it should be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the thermal deterioration characteristics of the polymer used. Of course, it is possible to partially change the groove shape of the groove flow path, but this is not advantageous from the viewpoint of processing cost.

It is the top view which illustrated one Embodiment of the nozzle | cap | die distribution board used for the metal for composite spinning of this invention. It is the top view which illustrated other embodiments of the 2nd nozzle distribution board used for gold for compound spinning.

Explanation of symbols

1: First base distribution plate
2: Second base distribution plate
3: Third cap distribution plate
4: Fourth cap distribution plate
10A, 10B, 10C: Polymer introduction hole
11A, 11B, 11C: Polymer supply hole
20B, 20C: Bypass hole
20A, 30B, 40C: Polymer receiving groove
21A ₁ , 21A ₂ , 21A ₃ , 31B ₁ , 31B ₂ , 31B ₃ , 41C ₁ , 41C ₂ , 41C ₃ : Radial groove channel
22A ₁ , 22A ₂ , 22A ₃ , 32B ₁ , 32B ₂ , 32B ₃ , 42C ₁ , 42C ₂ , 42C ₃ : annular groove channel on the inner peripheral side
23A, 33B, 43C: Annular groove channel on the outer circumference side
24A, 34B, 44C: Distribution hole

Claims (5)

  A spinneret for composite spinning having at least two component polymers, wherein a plurality of die distribution plate groups constituting a part of the die are stacked vertically, and the laminated die distribution plate group includes A bypass hole is formed to separate and distribute each component polymer to the vicinity of the center of each base distribution plate below without joining the polymers, and at least supplied from the bypass hole to the center of the base plate of each base distribution plate. In addition, each component polymer is branched in a radial direction from the base plate center by a plurality of radial groove channels, and the annular groove formed concentrically from the branched radial groove channel to the center of the base plate Each component polymer is distributed to the flow path, passes through each base distribution plate located below from the group of distribution holes formed in the annular groove flow path, and below each lowermost base distribution plate Each And a base for composite spinning characterized by comprising a structure in which each component polymer constituting the composite single fiber is gathered in the vicinity below the lowermost laminated base distributor plate to form a plurality of these sets. .   2. The composite spinning die according to claim 1, wherein the annular groove channel is formed in two or more rows concentrically with respect to the center of the die plate.   2. The annular groove channel according to claim 1, wherein a channel sectional area of the annular groove channel on the outer circumferential row side is smaller than a channel sectional area of the annular groove channel on the inner circumferential row side. 2. A base for composite spinning according to 2.   The number of branches of the radial groove flow path that radially diverges radially from the center of each base distribution plate is an integral multiple of the number of component polymers constituting the composite single fiber. A spinneret for composite spinning according to any one of the above.   When collecting each component polymer constituting the composite single fiber as a set below the lowermost layer distribution plate, arrange each component polymer in a radial direction from the center of the distribution plate. The spinneret for composite spinning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:

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