JPH0525705A - Production of conjugate fiber and spinning device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the conjugate fiber having laminating and bonding structure uniform along the length direction of fiber simply and smoothly by feeding plural separately fluidized polymer flows into plural independent blending zones into blended combined flows and spinning so as not to form joining of blended combined flows. CONSTITUTION:Two or more separately fluidized polymer flows are fed to plural mutually independent blending zones to individually form blended combined flows and spun from spinning holes of spinneret so as not to form joining of the blended combined flows to simply and smoothly give conjugate fiber having laminating and bonding structure uniform along the length direction of fiber.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite fiber having a laminated lamination structure, and an improvement of a spinning device used for the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Two or more kinds of polymer streams are supplied to a kneading area equipped with a static kneading element or the like to be kneaded and complexed, and then spun through a spinneret of a spinneret so that each polymer is layered in a cross section of a fiber. However, it is known in the art to produce bicomponent fibers that are laminated in parallel.

When the composite fiber having the laminated and laminated structure is formed of, for example, polymers which are incompatible with each other, it is relatively easily split and separated on the laminated surface of each polymer to form ultrafine single fibers or fibrils. Fibers can be formed. Then, in order to smoothly perform the division and fibrillation into each single fiber in such a splittable conjugate fiber, the laminated bonding structure is not disturbed or broken in the middle of the fiber, and the length of the fiber is It is necessary to have a laminated laminating structure that is well balanced over directions.

In recent years, including laminated and laminated composite fibers,
Synthetic fibers are produced in large quantities at a time using a spinneret having a relatively large diameter, for example, having a large number of spinning holes of hundreds to thousands, but such an apparatus is large and large. In the production, especially in the production of laminated bonding type composite fibers, the kneading composite flow from the kneading region is not uniformly supplied to individual spinning holes, or the composite state is disturbed at the stage before reaching the spinning holes. As a result, there is a problem in that it is not possible to maintain a uniform laminated and bonded type along the length direction of the fiber, and it is easy to produce a composite fiber having a disordered or broken portion in the laminated and bonded structure.

[0005]

From the above point of view, the inventors of the present invention have a laminated bonding structure that is uniform over the length direction of the fiber without disturbance or discontinuity even when it is simultaneously spun from a large number of spinning holes. Research has been conducted for the purpose of easily and smoothly obtaining the conjugated fibers. As a result, a plurality of kneading regions independent of each other are provided in the spinneret pack, and collisions and merging of the kneading composite streams from each kneading area are prevented, and the kneading composite streams are individually ejected from the spinning holes of the die. The present invention was completed by finding that the above-mentioned object can be achieved by spinning.

Therefore, according to the present invention, two or more kinds of polymer streams which have been fluidized separately are supplied to a plurality of kneading zones independent of each other to form each of the kneading composite streams, and then the respective kneading composite streams are combined. The method for producing a laminated composite fiber is characterized in that spinning is carried out from a spinneret hole of a spinneret so that the above phenomenon does not occur.

In the above method, a plurality of polymer flow introducing portions, a plurality of kneading regions independent of each other, and a kneading composite flow from each kneading region are independently fed to the spinneret holes of the spinneret without being merged. It can be achieved by a spinning device for producing a laminated bonding type composite fiber, which is equipped with a separate supply section for
Therefore, the present invention includes such a spinning device.

As a combination of two or more polymers,
The type and number of polymers are not limited as long as they are combinations of polymers capable of producing a laminated and laminated composite fiber by the method of the present invention. They may be incompatible polymers with each other, polymers with affinity with each other, or polymers in which affinity polymers are further combined with incompatible polymers.

Among them, the present invention is particularly suitable for the production of a composite fiber composed of incompatible polymers of the split peel type, and examples of the combination of such polymers include polyester / polyamide and polyester / polyester. Polyolefin, polyamide / polyolefin, polyester /
Examples thereof include polyamide / polyolefin, elastomer / polyester, elastomer / polyolefin and the like.

Further, in the present invention, two or more kinds of polymer streams are simultaneously supplied to a plurality of kneading zones independent of each other through a plurality of polymer stream introducing parts provided in the spinning device, and in each kneading zone. A kneading composite stream composed of the two or more polymers is formed. Here, each independent kneading area may have only one kneading section, or may have a plurality of kneading sections and form one independent kneading area as a whole.

The kneading type, the structure of the kneading member arranged in the kneading region, etc. are not particularly limited so long as the kneading region is capable of providing the laminated bonding type composite fibers, but a kneading region in which a so-called static kneading element is arranged is preferable, As the static kneading element, various conventionally known types can be used. In that case, as described above, one kneading region may have only one static kneading element arranged, or may have a plurality of static kneading elements arranged. If so, the static kneading elements may be the same or different.

The number of independent kneading regions is selected from two or more in accordance with various requirements such as the number of spinning holes provided in the die, the arrangement of the spinning holes, the diameter of the die, the kind and viscosity of the polymer, and the like. It is preferable to arrange a plurality of kneading regions at appropriate positions in the spin pack so that the kneading composite flow is supplied as evenly as possible to all the spinning holes provided in the spinneret. For example, about 300-
When a disk-shaped spinneret in which 2500 spinning holes are concentrically formed in a plurality of rows is used, it is advisable to provide independent kneading regions in the spinning pack so as to be located at about 3 to 8 points on the circumference equally. .

Each of the kneading composite streams that have passed through the respective kneading regions passes through separate flow passages which are continuously provided in the respective kneading regions, and is individually fed to a separation and supply section provided on the back side opposite to the spinning surface of the spinneret. The composite fibers are supplied and discharged from the spinning holes without merging with each other to be formed into a laminated bonding type composite fiber. In that case, the shape and structure of the flow path continuously provided in each kneading area and the shape of the separating and supplying part on the back side of the die are such that the kneading composite streams that have passed through the independent kneading areas do not join each other and are spun from the spinning holes of the die. Any material may be used as long as it is issued, and is not particularly limited.

For example, in the case of using a spinning machine equipped with a disk-shaped spinneret having a plurality of spinning holes formed on the circumference thereof, an annular flow-cum-composite chamber for a kneading composite flow is provided on the back side of the spinneret.
The fluidizing / storing chambers are divided into equal numbers of kneading regions at equal intervals on the circumference (for example, about 3 to 8 described above) by partition walls to form a separating / supplying unit, and the separating / supplying unit is kneaded. It is advisable to feed the composite stream to the spinning holes for spinning.

As a method of forming the separating and supplying section as described above, for example, an annular recess is provided on the back side of the spinneret provided with spinning holes and the annular recess is partitioned by a partition wall, or an annular recess is provided on the back side of the spinneret. At the same time as providing the concave portion, an annular concave portion is also provided on the mouthpiece contact surface side of the lower pack which is in contact with the mouthpiece,
A method may be mentioned in which a donut-shaped void is formed by both recesses and the void is partitioned by partition walls.

In the present invention, other requirements such as the shape and number of the spinning holes, the discharge amount from the spinning holes, and the cross-sectional shape of the composite fiber are not particularly limited as long as the above-mentioned requirements of the present invention are provided. For example, according to the present invention, not only fibers having a circular cross-sectional shape, but also elliptical, triangular, rectangular, polygonal, star-shaped, T-shaped
It is possible to manufacture atypical composite fibers such as a letter shape.

The present invention will now be specifically described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a spinning device (spinner device) of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the spinning device of FIG. 1 cut along the cutting line AA, and FIG. 3 is a cutting line B- of the spinning device of FIG.
It is the cross-sectional view cut along B. In addition, FIG. 4 shows FIG.
FIG. 9 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 6, showing the spinneret provided with spinning holes as viewed from the back side thereof. FIG. 5 shows an example of a cross section of the laminated and pasted composite fiber obtained by the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows that the kneading composite flow from each kneading region is supplied to the spinning hole of the spinneret while merging. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conjugate fiber obtained by a method other than the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 is an upper body, 2 is an upper pack, 3 is a middle pack, and 4 is a lower pack. Although only one independent kneading area is shown in FIG. 1, the spinning pack portion composed of the upper pack 2, the middle pack 3 and the lower pack 4 is provided with five independent kneading areas. There is. Each independent kneading area has five kneading sections arranged in the polymer channel of the middle pack 3 and arranged in parallel in the lateral direction, and each static kneading section has one static kneading element 5, 6, respectively.
7, 8 and 9 are attached. Reference numeral 10 denotes a spinneret having a large number of spinning holes 30 concentrically arranged in a plurality of rows, and is integrally attached to the pack by a pressing ring 11. 12 is a packing and 13 and 14 are filters.
Reference numerals 15 and 16 are introduction holes for each polymer stream.

The two kinds of molten polymer streams entering through the introduction holes 15 and 16 pass through the upper body 1, pass through the filters 13 and 14, and are circumferentially provided on the upper surface of the upper pack 2 in FIG. It flows along the grooves 17 and 18 shown. Grooves 17, 18
Is provided with a set of five discharge holes 19 and 20 at equal intervals in the circumference, and the two kinds of polymer flows discharged from one set of discharge holes 19 and 20 are the middle part shown in FIG. It is supplied to each of the five kneading regions independent of each other through a pair of introduction holes 21 and 22 of the pack 3.

The two kinds of polymer streams supplied to the respective kneading regions pass through the first static kneading element 5 as shown in FIG.
In the same manner, the static kneading element 6 of FIG. The kneading composite flow that has passed through the kneading region passes through the flow path 27, and is separated and supplied by the polymer-flowing / storing portion 29 of the polymer flow formed by the concave portion 28 provided on the back side opposite to the spinning side of the die 10. Into each of the sections, and the kneading / composite streams are spun out from a plurality of spinning holes 30 provided in communication with the bottom of the fluid / storing section 29 without merging.

As shown in FIG. 4, each of the flow-cum-reservoir portions 29 of the kneading composite flow provided on the back side of the die is formed by partitioning annular recessed spaces at equal intervals by five partition walls 31. The combined kneading flow that has passed through each kneading region enters each of the flow and storage sections 29 that have been partitioned through the respective flow paths 27 without joining and is spun individually from the spinning holes 30 provided at the bottom thereof. As a result, it is possible to obtain a laminated-bonding type composite fiber in which there is no disturbance between layers and which is uniform over the length direction shown in FIG.

Then, in the spinning device shown in FIGS.
Two kinds of polymer flow supply holes to each independent kneading area, their first merging points, independent kneading areas, and 5 flow and reservoir portions of the kneading composite flow on the backside of the spinneret on the circumference equally. Although it is provided, by doing so, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss in the spinning hole and obtain a conjugate fiber having a clean laminated bonding structure. However, their number is
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, it is not necessary that the number is 5, and it is possible to appropriately select, and it is usually preferable to provide 3 to 8 places on the circumference.

Further, in the spinning apparatus of FIG. 1, five independent kneading type kneading elements, which are formed by twisting both ends of a rectangular thin plate in opposite directions by 180 °, are laterally arranged to form one independent kneading element. Although the regions are formed, it is possible to change the manner of providing the kneading regions in the spinneret pack, the number of kneading regions, the number of static kneading elements arranged in each kneading region, the type of static kneading elements, etc. as described above. Therefore, the number of laminated layers and laminated structure in the laminated and laminated composite fiber can be appropriately changed. For example, even if a static kneading element is provided in the longitudinal direction in the spinning pack in one kneading area, or in the spinning apparatus of FIG. 1, only two static kneading elements 5 and 7 are attached to the kneading area. The number of kneading elements may be changed.

In the spinning apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the static kneading element in each kneading area is provided with an inlet and an outlet for the polymer flow in the vertical direction so that the polymer flow enters the static kneading element from the vertical upper portion and the vertical lower portion. The static kneading element on the upstream side of the plurality of static kneading elements is provided near the outer circumference of the die pack, and then goes downstream. Therefore, the polymer stream flows from the outer periphery toward the center in the die pack provided with the static kneading element so that it is located at the center of the die pack, and the kneading composite flow after passing through the kneading region is A flow path is provided so as to be guided to the spinneret holes of the spinneret from the inside of the spinneret device toward the outer peripheral side, but by doing so, pressure loss due to lack of the filtration area of the polymer filter in space can be prevented, Even if less disturbance of kneading the polymer stream, it is possible to obtain a composite fiber having a beautiful laminated lamination structure.

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. <Example> There are five mutually independent kneading areas, and each of the kneading areas has a Kenix type static kneading element (diameter: 15).
mm × length 15 mm) are arranged in the lateral direction, and each of the flow and storage parts 29 of the kneading composite flow provided on the back side of the die is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, a spinning device equipped with a spinneret pack having a structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 which is composed of separation and supply parts formed by partitioning an annular concave space into five partition walls 31 at equal intervals is used. did. As the spinneret, one having 1150 spinning holes concentrically formed in 6 rows was used.

6-melted at 270 ° C. was added to the above spinning device.
Nylon (melting point 215 ° C, melt viscosity 1 at 285 ° C 1
Polyethylene terephthalate (melting point 265 ° C., 290 ° C.) melted at 290 ° C.
(Melt viscosity of 3,000 poises) was introduced from the introduction holes 16 at the same weight ratio, and kneaded and composited sequentially through five static kneading elements to form a kneading composite flow, which was then partitioned by the partition wall 31 from each introduction path 27. It was supplied to each of the fluidizing / storing section 29, spun out from the spinning hole 30 of the spinneret 10 at a discharge rate of 700 g / min, and was taken at a take-off speed of 850 m / min to produce a 6.5 denier composite fiber. .

The obtained composite fiber was cut at a right angle in the longitudinal direction and the composite state of its cross section was examined by an optical microscope. As a result, in all the composite fibers, 6-nylon and polyethylene terephthalate were found in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. It had a clean laminated structure without interruption. A staple was produced from this composite fiber, and a nonwoven fabric was formed from the staple, and then subjected to a split peeling treatment with a high-pressure water stream,
It could be finely divided and fibrillated on the laminated surface of 6-nylon and polyethylene terephthalate.

<Comparative Example> In FIG. 4, except that the partition 31 is not provided in the kneading / composite flow-providing portion provided on the back side of the die, and a single continuous donut-shaped space is formed,
A composite fiber was produced in the same manner as in the example. The obtained composite fiber was cut at right angles to the length direction, and the composite state of the cross section was examined by an optical microscope.
However, it had an intermittent sea-island type composite structure as shown in FIG. 6, and did not have a clean laminated bonding structure. In the sea-island type composite structure shown in FIG. 6, the spinning is located below the position where the partition wall 31 is most likely to be disturbed by the joining and collision of the kneading composite flows from the independent kneading regions when the partition wall 31 is not provided. A large amount was generated in the fibers spun from the holes. From this fact, the partition wall 31 is extremely effective in preventing the merging and collision of the kneading composite flows that have passed through the independent kneading regions, and producing the composite fiber having a beautiful laminated bonding structure in the longitudinal direction. I know there is.

[0029]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since a plurality of kneading composite streams formed by passing two or more polymer streams through a plurality of independent kneading zones do not join and collide with each other, and thus the kneading composite stream is not disturbed, It is possible to easily and smoothly obtain a composite fiber having a laminated bonding structure that is even in the length direction of the fiber.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is particularly suitable for producing a composite fiber by simultaneously spinning a large number of laminated bonding type composite fibers from a spinneret having a large number of spinning holes, and causing a kneading composite flow to be disturbed in a large number of spinning holes. Can be supplied evenly and evenly. In the present invention, when polymers which are incompatible with each other are used as the two or more polymer streams, it is possible to produce a laminated bonding type composite fiber which can be completely separated and separated in the length direction. The obtained conjugate fiber is extremely effective for producing ultrafine fibers and fibrillated fibers.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a vertical cross-sectional view of a spinning device (spinner device) of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the spinning device of FIG. 1 taken along the cutting line AA.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the spinning device of FIG. 1 taken along the line BB.

FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along the section line C-C in FIG. 1, showing a spinneret provided with spinning holes as viewed from the back side thereof.

FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a cross section of a laminated bonding type composite fiber obtained by the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a cross section of a conjugate fiber obtained by a method other than the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Upper body 2 upper pack 3 Chubu Pack 4 Lower pack 5 Static kneading element 6 Static kneading element 7 Static kneading element 8 Static kneading element 9 Static kneading element 10 mouthpiece 15 Polymer flow inlet 16 Polymer flow inlet 17 groove 18 groove 19 Discharge hole 20 Discharge hole 21 introduction hole 22 Introduction hole 29 Flow and storage section 30 Spinning hole 31 bulkhead

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method in which two or more polymer streams that have been fluidized separately are supplied to a plurality of kneading zones independent of each other to form each of the kneading composite streams, and then the merging of the kneading composite streams does not occur. And a method for producing a laminated composite fiber, which comprises spinning from a spinneret of a spinneret. 2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the two or more polymer streams consist of polymers which are incompatible with each other. 3. A plurality of polymer flow introduction sections, a plurality of independent kneading areas, and a separate supply section for independently supplying the kneading composite streams from the respective kneading areas to the spinning holes of the spinneret without joining them. A spinning device for producing a laminated composite fiber, comprising: 4. The spinning apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the separating and supplying section is a fluidizing / storing chamber of the kneading compound stream provided on the back side of the spinneret partitioned into the same number of kneading regions by the partition wall. 5. A plurality of spinning holes are formed on the circumference of a disk-shaped spinneret, and a separating and feeding section is partitioned by a partition wall so as to divide the plurality of spinning holes into 3 to 8 equally divided parts of the circumference. 5. An annular flow and storage chamber provided on the back side of the spinneret.
Spinning equipment.