JPS6169929A - Device for processing and resource recovery of exhausted dry battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To recover the valued resource in a dry battery without pollution by processing an exhausted dry battery with the device composed of a heat decomposition device, liquid-gas processing device and a heavy metal collecting device. CONSTITUTION:A dry battery X is smashed by a smashing device 11, thrown by a conveyer 12 into a carbonization oven 1 and heated by a heater 2. After the heat decomposing the smashed dry battery X, the residual dross, such as Mn, Zn and the like is recovered from an output port 18. Hg evaporation and the other generated gasses included in the dry battery are absorbed by a vacuum pump 20 into a heat exchanger 16 of a liquid-gas processor B and a pipe 6. The heat exchanger 16 is cooled by a cooling medium from a cooler 18 and the non-coagulated gasses which is not liquid are forced to be sent to a washing machine 21 from a receiver 17. Hg coagulated in the receiver 17 and exhausted liquid are separated by the difference of gravity into an exhausted neutralization tank 23 and Hg is stored in a storage tank 22. The non-coagulated exhausted gasses are cleaned and discharged by a water treating equipment 27 after the residual heavy metals, such as Hg, Zn, Cd are recovered by a metal recovering equipment C.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to various types of used dry batteries as mercury-containing waste, that is, waste dry battery processing equipment, and particularly to pollution-free processing of waste dry batteries and resource recycling. The present invention relates to UZ for processing and resource recovery of waste dry batteries suitable for use for various purposes.

[Prior art]

Traditionally, waste batteries containing mercury, a toxic metal, have been mainly disposed of by landfill or incineration, but in recent years, the N1 method has been disposed of due to the emergence of alkaline batteries with high mercury content. As a result, the problem of soil and wastewater pollution due to land reclamation, and the problem of air pollution due to the latter method, have been brought into closer focus.

In particular, recently, ``dioxin'', a highly toxic carcinogenic chemical, has been detected in the exhaust gas and ash of garbage incinerators, and mercury-containing waste such as used dry batteries is being disposed of in landfills. It has become a major problem as it has been discovered that it has been contaminated. Therefore, recently, for example, multi-stage incubation furnaces and rotary retort furnaces, which have a similar structure to the multi-stage furnaces used to treat sewage sludge, have been used to treat this type of hazardous waste. .

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The above-mentioned waste incineration method not only cannot solve the problem of air pollution, but also makes it difficult to reuse resources for cultivation purposes. Although it cannot be denied that rotary retort furnaces and the like are more useful in preventing pollution than conventional incinerators, they are not only insufficient, but also effective in terms of recycling or reusing resources. However, they do not have sufficient functionality, have complex structures, are difficult to manufacture and operate, and have high processing costs.

The present invention seeks to solve these problems.

[Purpose of the invention]

Therefore, the primary object of the present invention is to provide a battery that is suitable for non-polluting treatment of various types of waste dry batteries and for the purpose of reusing resources, has a strawberry structure, is easy to manufacture and operate, and has a relatively low processing cost. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste dry battery processing resource recovery device that can reduce the amount of waste.

[Structure of the invention]

The waste dry battery processing/resource recovery device according to the present invention includes a carbonization tank with a closed structure that thermally decomposes waste batteries and generates gas.
A pyrolysis device hanging down and protruding inside the heating furnace, a gas cooling heat exchanger airtightly connected to the carbonization kettle via a gas extraction pipe, and an airtightly connected to the heat exchanger. , a liquid/gas processing device consisting of a receiver with a sealed structure for accommodating condensate liquid and non-condensable gas separated by cooling the gas supplied from the carbonization vessel by the heat exchanger; A receiver of the liquid/gas processing apparatus is provided with a waste battery inlet that can be opened and closed, and a residue outlet that can be opened and closed to take out the residue remaining at the bottom of the carbonization tank after thermal decomposition of the waste dry battery. The gas generated in the carbonization reactor is forcibly introduced into the heat exchanger via the gas take-off pipe, and the non-condensable gas in the heat exchanger is forcibly introduced into the receiver, and the gas connected thereto is forcibly introduced into the heat exchanger. Connect a vacuum pump to forcefully feed the washing machine,
Further, the receiver is characterized in that a device for separating and collecting the condensed liquid collected inside the receiver into mercury and waste liquid is attached to or connected to the receiver.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments thereof.

In Fig. 1, A is a heat sink Phi, which is made up of a heating furnace 2 in which a carbonization tank 1 with a closed structure for decomposing a waste dry battery X and generating gas containing various components hangs down inside the heating furnace 2. The carbonization pot 1 penetrates the upper furnace wall 2A of the heating furnace 2 and protrudes slightly upward, and the waste dry battery inlet I is located in the protruding part.
A is provided, and the input port IA is connected to a hinged opening/closing lid IA'.
It is sealed airtight.

The carbonization vessel 1 is further provided with a residue outlet IB made of a hollow cylindrical body that protrudes outward through the side furnace wall 2B of the heating furnace 2 from an opening formed at a proper position in the lower part thereof. After the thermal decomposition of the waste battery X, the residue i'! (For example, manganese, zinc, etc.) can be taken out from this residue take-out port IB. This residue outlet IB is also hinged and is airtightly closed by the saw opening/closing lid IB'. ... ■ At the appropriate lower part of the side furnace wall 2B of the boosting furnace 2,
The combustion chamber 3 is equipped with a gun-type burner 4 that uses heavy oil or gas as fuel to heat the carbonization tank 1 from the outside.
A0) At location a, a chimney 5 that communicates with the combustion chamber 3 is protruded.

The above-mentioned carbonization tank has a safety valve, a temperature sensor, and a gas extraction pipe 6 at appropriate positions on the upwardly projecting part for guiding and feeding the gas generated in the carbonization tank 1 by thermal decomposition of waste dry batteries to the cooling process. connected. 7 is a stirring device, which includes a rotary drive section 7A protruding from the center of the upwardly projecting portion of the carbonization vessel l;
It consists of a rotating shaft 7B that hangs down from A into the carbonization vessel l, and a spiral stirring member 7C fixed to the outer periphery of this rotating shaft 7B.

A homper 9 having a rotary pulp 8 is disposed near the waste dry battery input port IA, and the waste dry batteries conveyor 1
2 and the pumper 9 to be input into the input port LA. In addition, the residue outlet IB
Nearby, there is an unloading conveyor 14 connected to the residue pit 13.
A residue carry-out hopper 15 is disposed at the carry-in end.

B denotes a gas cooling heat exchanger 16 airtightly connected to the carbonization tank 1 via the gas extraction pipe 6, and this heat exchanger 1.
A common receiver-I of a sealed structure, which is airtightly connected to the carbonization tank 1 and contains the condensed liquid and the non-condensed gas separated by cooling the feed gas from the carbonization tank 1 by the heat exchanger.
This processing bag 5B allows mercury and other substances contained in waste dry batteries to be regenerated or processed in the form of liquid or gas.

A rapid cooling unit 8118 is connected to the gas cooling heat exchanger I6, and a vacuum pump 20 is connected to the receiver 17 via a suction pipe 19. The mixed gas generated in the carbonization tank 1 by force is forcibly introduced into the gas cooling heat exchanger 16 through the gas extraction pipe 6, and the non-condensable gas in the heat exchanger, that is, passes through the nuclear heat exchanger. The gas that has not been liquefied inside is forcibly introduced into the receiver 17, and is also forcibly fed into a gas washer 21 consisting of a jet cyclone. Therefore, this vacuum pump 20 has a structure in which the suction pressure can be adjusted according to an increase or decrease in the amount of gas produced in the carbonization vessel 1, and the adjustment can be performed by operating a manual control means or by automatic control as necessary. This can be done by operating a device (not shown).

A mercury storage tank 22 and a waste liquid neutralization adjustment tank 23, which separately store mercury and waste liquid, are provided near the bottom of the Lenher I7. That is, in the illustrated example, a mercury storage tank 22 is located directly below the inverted conical portion 17' of the receiver 17 and communicates with the receiver via a mercury discharge pipe 22' connected to the lowermost end thereof. Further, on the lower side of the inverted conical portion 17', there is a waste t connected to the side wall portion thereof.
A waste liquid neutralization adjustment tank 23 is installed, which communicates with the receiver via an L discharge pipe 23'.
7 inside? Wt mercury and waste liquid are temporarily separated due to the difference in specific gravity between the two, and are collected in a mercury storage tank 22 and a waste liquid neutralization tank 23, respectively.

The waste liquid neutralization adjustment tank 23 adsorbs various substances that are more or less mixed into the waste liquid, such as mercury or its compounds, manganese, zinc, cadmium or its compounds, lead or its compounds, etc. It is connected to a heavy metal collector C for collection, and the waste liquid in the adjustment tank 23 is fed to the collector C by a pump 24 after adjusting the pH level.

The metal collection device C includes a first adsorption tower 25 that collects mercury or its compounds, and a first adsorption tower 25 that collects heavy metals other than mercury, such as manganese, zinc, and cadmium, and is disposed downstream of the first adsorption tower 25. It consists of a second adsorption tower 26 that collects
These heavy metals can be captured by adsorbents such as chelating resin adsorbents. Therefore, the waste liquid treated by this heavy metal collection device C is
Tertiary water treatment device 2 installed downstream of the second adsorption tower 26
7, where it is purified and then discharged into drains.

As illustrated in the above-mentioned gas washer 21,
A waste liquid whose pH has been sub-adjusted is supplied from the waste liquid neutralization adjustment tank 23, and a device for dehumidifying and deodorizing exhaust gas is connected thereto.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The waste dry battery processing/resource recovery apparatus according to the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and in particular, its components, such as the carbonization tank, gas extraction pipe, gas cooling heat exchanger, and receiver, are each isolated from the outside air. , have a sealed structure that is airtightly connected to each other, and the non-condensable gas is purified by a cleaning machine before being released into the atmosphere, so noxious gases containing soot and dust leak outside. Furthermore, waste dry batteries can be recycled or reused in the form of mercury and solid heavy metals through carbonization treatment, which contributes to the recovery of resources. The structure is jointed and can be significantly miniaturized, and while it is easy to manufacture, operate, and maintain, it is not only practical but also popular, and processing costs can be kept low. It can bring many practical benefits.

In particular, in the above embodiment, the waste dry battery is crushed or cut and damaged and then put into the carbonization tank and then subjected to carbonization treatment while being appropriately stirred by the stirring device, so that thermal decomposition is promoted. In addition, after the waste liquid undergoes pH sub-adjustment in the waste liquid neutralization adjustment tank, harmful substances contained in the waste liquid are removed by a heavy metal collection device, and further purified by a tertiary water treatment device before being sent to the drain. Since the system is designed to spray water, pollution caused by drainage can be almost completely prevented.Furthermore, after the exhaust gas is cleaned by a gas washer, it is released into the atmosphere via a deodorizing device. Therefore, not only soot and dust are not released, but also the emission of bad odors can be effectively prevented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an entire embodiment of a waste dry battery processing/resource recovery apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the embodiment shown in FIG. In the drawing, X is a waste battery, A is a pyrolysis device, l is a carbonization tank, IA is a waste battery inlet, IB is a residue outlet,
2 is a heating furnace, 3 is a combustion chamber, 6 is a gas extraction pipe, 7 is a stirring device, B is a liquid/gas treatment device, 16 is a gas cooling heat exchanger, 17 is a receiver, 120 is a vacuum pump, 21 is a gas Washing machine, 22 is a mercury storage tank, 23 is a waste liquid neutralization adjustment tank, C
25 is a heavy metal trapping device, 25 is a first adsorption tower, 26 is a second adsorption tower, 27 is a tertiary water treatment bag ffi, and D is a dehumidification and deodorization device.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A pyrolysis device consisting of a carbonization tank with a closed structure that pyrolyzes waste dry batteries and generates gas, which is installed hanging down inside the heating furnace, and an airtight connection to the carbonization tank via a gas extraction pipe. A connected gas cooling heat exchanger and an airtightly connected gas cooling heat exchanger for storing condensed liquid and non-condensed gas separated by cooling of the gas supplied from the carbonization tank by this heat exchanger. It consists of a liquid/gas processing device consisting of a receiver with a sealed structure, and the carbonization kettle has a waste dry cell inlet that can be opened and closed, and a means for taking out the residue etc. remaining at the bottom of the carbonization kettle after thermal decomposition of the waste dry batteries to the outside. The receiver of the liquid/gas processing apparatus is provided with a residue outlet that can be opened and closed, and the receiver of the liquid/gas processing apparatus is provided with a gas that is forcibly introduced into the heat exchanger via the gas outlet pipe, and a A vacuum pump is connected to forcibly introduce the non-condensable gas in the container into the receiver and forcefully feed it to the gas washer connected to the receiver, and the receiver is connected to A waste dry battery processing/resource recovery device, characterized in that a device for separating and collecting mercury and waste liquid is attached or connected to the device. (2) the carbonization pot slightly protrudes above the heating furnace;
The waste dry battery processing/resource recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the waste dry battery inlet is provided in the protruding portion. (3) A patent claim characterized in that the residue outlet is a hollow cylindrical body that protrudes outward from an opening formed at a proper position in the lower part of the carbonization vessel and passes through the furnace wall of the heating furnace. A waste dry battery processing/resource recovery device according to item 1 or 2. (4) A mercury storage tank for separately storing mercury and waste liquid and a waste liquid neutralization adjustment tank are respectively disposed near the lower part of the receiver. The waste dry battery processing/resource recovery device according to item 2 or 3. (5) The waste liquid neutralization adjustment tank is connected to a heavy metal collection device for adsorbing and collecting mercury and other heavy metals contained in the waste liquid.
The waste dry battery processing/resource recovery device described in 2. (6) The heavy metal collection device consists of a first adsorption tower that collects mercury and a second adsorption tower that collects heavy metals other than mercury such as zinc, cadmium, etc., and the second adsorption tower: The waste dry battery processing/resource recovery device according to claim 5, wherein the device is connected to a tertiary water treatment device connected to a drainage ditch.