JP2001288473A - Continuous garbage carbonizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus to continuously carbonize garbage without polluting the environment. SOLUTION: The continuous garbage carbonizing apparatus comprises a garbage introducing means to which garbage is charged, a dewatering means 20 which dewaters the introduced garbage while it is transferred, a drying means 30 which stirs the dewatered garbage and dries the same with a combustion gas stream flowing in the direction opposite to the garbage, a combustion chamber 40 which generates the combustion gas to flow into the drying means, a carbonizing means 50 which is a cylindrical passage passing inside the combustion chamber and which carbonizes the dried garbage by passing the same into the passage and a cooling means 60 which cools the carbide generated by the carbonizing means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating garbage, and particularly to a continuous carbonization of garbage which does not emit substances polluting the environment and can turn garbage into useful charcoal. It concerns the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Many conventional garbage disposers simply dispose of garbage by incineration or rot and ferment to produce fertilizer. However, when incinerated and discarded, a large amount of substances causing pollution such as carbon dioxide and dioxin are generated, and when using decay and fermentation means, there is a problem that a bad smell is generated and storage is difficult. In addition, there has been an apparatus for carbonizing garbage, but it requires a few days for a single carbonization treatment by a batch method.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and not only treats garbage but also turns it into useful charcoal and makes the carbonization process continuous. It is an object of the present invention to provide a garbage continuous carbonization apparatus that does not pollute the environment by improving efficiency and purifying environmental pollutants generated during carbonization processing.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, a continuous garbage garbage apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a garbage introduction means into which garbage is introduced, and a dewatering while introducing the introduced garbage. A dehydrating means, a drying means for drying the dewatered garbage with a combustion gas flow opposed to the traveling direction while stirring the garbage, a combustion chamber for generating a combustion gas passed through the drying means, and an interior of the combustion chamber. A cylindrical passage that penetrates, including a carbonizing unit that carbonizes the garbage by passing the dried garbage inside the passage, and a cooling unit that cools a carbide generated by the carbonizing unit. Configuration. With such a configuration, the garbage is carbonized after efficient dehydration and drying, so that the garbage can be carbonized in a short time.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the garbage carbonizing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the combustion gas purifying means for purifying the combustion gas flowing through the drying chamber and the dewatering means. The apparatus is provided with a wastewater purifying means for purifying discharged wastewater and wastewater generated in the combustion gas purifying means. With such a configuration, it is possible to purify combustion gas and sewage generated in the process of dehydration, drying, and carbonization, and to reduce the influence on the environment after the treatment of garbage.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the garbage carbonizing apparatus according to the second aspect, wherein the cyclone for separating dusts by centrifugal separation and the washing water purified by the wastewater purifying means are sprayed. The filter is configured to have a filter. Further, in the invention according to claim 4, the garbage continuous carbonization apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pollutants in the gas collected by the combustion gas purifying means and / or the residual ash generated in the combustion chamber. Into the garbage introduction means. According to the invention described in claim 3 or claim 4, contaminants generated during carbonization of garbage can be almost completely treated, and residues and sewage are not discharged after carbonization of garbage. Garbage disposal that does not contaminate the air and soil becomes possible.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
This will be specifically described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a garbage continuous carbonization device according to an embodiment of the present invention. At the bottom of the bucket-shaped garbage hopper 10 serving as garbage introduction means, there is provided a dehydrating means 20 for dehydrating while transporting the garbage. The dewatering means 20 is a porous pipe 21 having a lower inlet and a higher outlet.
And a dewatering screw 22 installed inside the perforated pipe 21 for transporting and dewatering garbage, and an outer cylinder 23 covering the perforated pipe for guiding sewage discharged at the time of dehydration to the drain pipe 25. The dewatering screw 22 has a shaft end connected to a motor 24 and is driven to rotate.

At the end of the outlet of the dewatering means 20, there is provided a drying means 30 having a high inlet and a low slope.
The drying means 30 is constituted by a rotary kiln 31 which is a cylindrical rotary machine having a stirring blade 32 on the inner surface, and a high-temperature combustion gas flows through the rotary kiln 31 from an outlet to an inlet.

At the end of the outlet of the drying means 30, a combustion chamber 40 for generating combustion gas introduced into the rotary kiln 31 is provided.
And carbonization means 50 for carbonizing the dried garbage. The carbonizing means 50 includes a carbonized pipe 51 penetrating substantially through the center of the combustion chamber 40, a pushing means 52 for pushing the dried garbage into the carbonized pipe 51, and a driving means 53 for rotating the carbonized pipe 51 at a low speed. ing.

At the end of the outlet of the carbonizing means 50, the carbonizing means 50 is provided.
A cooling means 60 for cooling the charcoal in the carbonized pipe 51 is provided so as to surround the carbonized pipe 51 continuously projecting from the pipe. Carbonized pipe 51 that has exited cooling means 60
A container 90 for storing the coal after cooling is installed at the end of the container.

The above is the configuration of the carbonizing portion of the continuous garbage processing apparatus of the present invention. Next, the configuration of a portion for purifying sewage and wastewater generated during the carbonization of garbage will be described. Near the entrance of the drying means 30, a rotary kiln 3
1 is provided with an exhaust pipe 33 for exhausting a combustion gas containing dust, odor, water vapor, etc. through the inside, and the exhaust pipe 33 is provided to a combustion gas purifying means 70 for purifying the combustion gas containing dust and the like. It is connected.

The combustion gas purifying means 70 comprises a cyclone 71 and an exhaust gas purifying device 72. Exhaust pipe 3
The combustion gas coming out of 3 is first removed by a cyclone 71 to remove relatively large dust and the like, and then by an exhaust gas purifying device 72 so as to remove toxic gas and fine dust in the combustion gas while spraying washing water. Has become. And
The clean gas flowing through the exhaust gas purifying device 72 is
It is more likely to be released into the atmosphere. Dust and the like separated by the cyclone are introduced into the garbage introduction means.

Further, the washing water and dehydrating means 20 used for purifying the combustion gas in the exhaust gas purifying device 72 are used.
The sewage discharged in is discharged into the wastewater purifying means 80. The clean water purified by the waste water purifying means 80 is sent to the cleaning header 73 in the exhaust gas purifying device 72, and is used for purifying the combustion gas.

Next, the operation of the garbage continuous carbonization apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. Food hopper 1
The garbage thrown into 0 is conveyed by the dewatering screw 22 by a fixed amount in order from the bottom of the hopper 10 for putting garbage. Since the dewatering screw 22 has a lower inlet and a higher inclined outlet, the garbage conveyed to the dewatering screw 22 is compressed by its own weight between the perforated pipe 21 and the blades of the dewatering screw 22 to remove water in the gap. Is done.
The pitch of the blades of the dewatering screw 22 may be constant. However, if the pitch is narrowed as approaching the outlet, the garbage is gradually compressed, and the garbage can be effectively dewatered. The sewage discharged at the time of garbage dewatering is guided to the drain pipe 25 along the outer cylinder 24 according to the inclination of the dewatering means 20.

The garbage dewatered by the dewatering means 20 enters the rotary kiln 31 of the drying means 30. The garbage gradually progresses according to the inclination while being stirred in the rotating rotary kiln, and is efficiently dried by being blown by the high-temperature combustion gas that flows in the opposite direction.

The garbage that has been sufficiently dried leaves the rotary kiln 31 by a fixed amount and enters the carbonization means 50. The garbage that has entered the carbonizing means 50 is pushed into the carbonized pipe 51 by a pushing means 52 such as a cylinder or a screw. The carbonized pipe 51 is provided with driving means 53 such as a chain drive and a roller drive.
As a result, the garbage in the carbonized pipe 51 is uniformly carbonized. The carbonized garbage, that is, charcoal, exits the carbonization means 50 and passes through the carbonization pipe 51 as it is and enters the cooling means 60. The cooled charcoal exits the carbonized pipe 51 and is stored in the container 90. The purpose of cooling the charcoal produced here is to prevent charcoal ignition. Further, as a refrigerant used for cooling, cleaning water described later can be used, or purified exhaust gas described later can be used.

Although the garbage is carbonized by the above steps,
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the dewatering screw 22, the rotary kiln 31, the carbonized pipe 51, and the like are each in a single row. However, providing some or all of them in multiple rows is also effective in improving the efficiency of the apparatus. It is. The fuel in the combustion chamber may be any combustible material such as waste material, heavy oil, gas, etc. In particular, if the charcoal generated by the continuous garbage carbonization device of the present invention is used, no extra energy source is required and the cost is reduced. There is an advantage that the combustion efficiency is improved and non-combustible exhaust gas is not generated as compared with the case where combustible waste or the like is used as fuel.

Next, the operation of the combustion gas purifying means 70 for purifying the combustion gas used for drying and carbonizing the garbage and the waste water purifying means 80 for cleaning the sewage discharged during the dehydration of the garbage will be described. The high-temperature combustion gas obtained by drying the garbage through the rotary kiln 31 exits through an exhaust pipe 33 near the entrance of the rotary kiln 31 and the exhaust gas purifying means 7
Enter the zero cyclone 71. The combustion gas containing dust enters the cyclone 71 and relatively large dust is removed by centrifugation. The combustion gas flowing through the cyclone 71 enters the exhaust gas purifying device 72, where non-combustible exhaust gas, odor, fine dust and the like are removed. The sufficiently purified combustion gas is discharged from the exhaust port 74 to the atmosphere. The dust separated in the cyclone 71 is introduced into a garbage charging hopper and carbonized, and the exhaust gas cleaning device 7
The cleaning water containing dusts in the step 2
Purified by.

The washing water containing the dust and the waste water discharged during the dewatering of the garbage enter the waste water purification means 80 and are purified by coagulation, sedimentation, oxidation by microorganisms, and the like.
The purified water is sent to the cleaning header 73 by the pump 75 and used as cleaning water.

The operation of the combustion gas purifying means 70 and the waste water purifying means 80 has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, only one cyclone and one exhaust gas cleaning device are provided, but a plurality may be provided to further purify the combustion gas. The dust separated by the cyclone has been introduced into the garbage input hopper 10, but when fine dust is separated, the dust may be taken into the washing water and purified by the wastewater purifying means 80. it can. Further, it is also possible to apply the combustion gas purified by the combustion gas purifying means 70 to the combustion chamber again for auxiliary combustion. The carbide obtained by the continuous garbage continuous carbonization apparatus of the present invention can be used as water purification, fuel, dehumidifier, and deodorant.

[0021]

Next, a detailed embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a garbage carbonization processing portion of the garbage continuous carbonization apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a section for purifying exhaust and drainage of the garbage continuous carbonization apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

First, the structure of a device for carbonizing garbage will be described with reference to FIG. The garbage input hopper 10 is provided with a lid 11 on the upper surface and a damper 12 at a hollow position inside the garbage input hopper 10, and the damper 12 is opened and closed by the weight of the input garbage. I have. A screw 13 for transferring garbage is attached to the bottom of the hopper 10 for inputting garbage. The screw 13 is driven by a motor 14 at the shaft end, and sends the garbage to the dewatering means 20 by a fixed amount. I have.

A dewatering means 20 provided below the garbage introduction section includes a perforated pipe 21 having a lower inlet and a higher inclined outlet, and a dewatering screw 22 installed inside the perforated pipe 21 for transporting and dewatering garbage. And an outer cylinder 23 for guiding the wastewater discharged during the dehydration to the drain pipe 25. The shaft end of the dewatering screw 22 is connected to a motor 24 and is driven to rotate.

At the end of the outlet of the dehydrating means 20, there is provided a drying means 30 having a high inlet and a low outlet.
The drying means 30 is constituted by a rotary kiln 31 which is a cylindrical rotary machine having a stirring blade 32 on the inner surface, and a high-temperature combustion gas flows through the rotary kiln 31 from an outlet to an inlet.

At the end of the outlet of the drying means 30, a combustion chamber 40 for generating combustion gas introduced into the rotary kiln 31 is provided.
And a carbonizing means 50 which is capable of passing dried garbage through substantially the center of the combustion chamber 40. The carbonizing means 50 includes a carbonized pipe 51 for passing the garbage dried by the drying means 30, a pushing means 52 for pushing the dried garbage into the carbonized pipe 51, and a carbonized pipe 51.
And a driving means 53 for rotating at a low speed.

At the end of the outlet of the carbonizing means 50, the carbonizing means 50 is provided.
A cooling means 60 for cooling the charcoal in the carbonized pipe 51 is provided so as to surround the carbonized pipe 51 continuously projecting from the pipe. The cooling means 60 is adapted to introduce a clean gas discharged from an exhaust gas purifying means 70 described later. After cooling the carbonized pipe 51, a part of the cooling air is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust pipe 61. Then, a part of the air is introduced into the combustion means 40 from the communication passage 62 as auxiliary combustion air. The coal flowing through the cooling means 60 is stored in the container 90.

An exhaust pipe 33 is provided in the vicinity of the entrance of the drying means 30 to flow through the inside of the rotary kiln 31 and discharge a combustion gas containing dust, odor, water vapor, etc.
The exhaust pipe 33 is connected to a combustion gas purifying means 70 for purifying a combustion gas containing dust and the like.

Next, the configurations of the combustion gas purifying means 70 and the waste water purifying device 80 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The combustion gas purifying means 70 includes a first cyclone 71a, a second cyclone 71b, an exhaust gas purifying device 72a, and a clean separating device 72b. The combustion gas that has passed through the exhaust pipe 33 first enters the first cyclone 71a through the first cyclone inlet 74a to remove relatively large dust and the like.
It is to be thrown into. First cyclone 71a
The combustion gas flowing through the second cyclone 71b is sucked by the ejector 79a by the air compressor 79b.
Has been introduced. Second cyclone 71b
Is designed to be able to separate finer dust than the first cyclone, and the fine dust separated by the second cyclone 71b is taken into the washing water used in the exhaust gas purifying device 72a and the like. The combustion gas flowing through the second cyclone 71b is sucked by the exhaust fan 78, flows through the exhaust gas purifier 72a from above to below on the way, and the odor and fine dust are removed by the filter 77a sprayed on the cleaning header 73. It has become so. Further, the combustion gas that has exited the exhaust fan 78 flows through the labyrinth path into the air storage tank 75, and then enters the clean separation device 72b from below and passes upward, while being sufficiently cleaned by the filter activated carbon layer 77b and the eliminator 77c on the way. It is becoming. A part of the combustion gas flowing through the clean separation device 72b is discharged from the exhaust pipe 74c to the cooling means 60 by the exhaust fan 76, and the remainder is discharged from the exhaust pipe 74b to the atmosphere. Further, the washing water used in the exhaust gas purifying device 72a and the cleaning / separating device 72b is collected along the bottom of the air storage layer 75, takes in the dust separated in the second cyclone 71b, and flows out to the drainage purifying means 80. It is supposed to be.

The waste water purifying means 80 includes a first tank 81a, a second tank 81b, a third tank 81c, a fourth tank 81d, and a clean tank 8.
The current regulating plate 83 is provided just before flowing out of the fourth tank to the clean tank. And the first tank 81
a, an air pump 84 is provided in the second tank 81b and the third tank 81c.
Supplies oxygen. Further, the purified water is sucked by the pump 91, and is
A water pipe is connected to the clean tank 82 so as to be sent to the cleaning header 73 after passing through the cleaning tank 82.

The operation of the embodiment having the above configuration will be described below. The garbage carried in by the dump truck or the like is thrown into the garbage throwing hopper 10. The thrown garbage opens and closes the damper 12 by its own weight, and enters the inside of the damper. After putting the garbage, the lid 11 is closed to prevent odor. The garbage that has accumulated at the bottom of the garbage hopper 10 is sent to the dewatering means 20 by a fixed amount by the garbage transport screw 13. The garbage that has entered the dewatering means 20 is compressed by its own weight between the perforated pipe 21 and the blades of the dewatering screw 22 to remove water in the gap. The discharged sewage is guided to the drain pipe 25 along the outer cylinder 23 according to the inclination of the dewatering means 20, and then enters the first layer 81 a from the drain inlet 85 of the drain purification device 80.

The compressed and dewatered garbage is sent to the drying means 30 from the uppermost part of the dewatering means 20 by a fixed amount. The garbage gradually progresses according to the inclination while being stirred in the rotating rotary kiln 31, and is efficiently dried by being blown by the high-temperature combustion gas that flows in the opposite direction.

The garbage that has been sufficiently dried leaves the rotary kiln 31 by a fixed amount and enters the carbonization means 50. The garbage that has entered the carbonizing means 50 is pushed into the carbonized pipe 51 by the pushing means 52. By rotating the carbonized pipe 51 containing the garbage at a low speed and a constant speed, the garbage inside is uniformly heated and carbonized evenly. The carbonized garbage, that is, charcoal, exits the carbonization means 50 and passes through the carbonization pipe 51 as it is and enters the cooling means 60. A part of the clean exhaust gas is sent from the exhaust fan to the cooling means 60, and the clean exhaust gas cools the charcoal while rotating around the carbonized cylinder 51. The cooled charcoal exits the carbonized pipe 51 and is stored in the container 90.

Next, the operation of the combustion gas purifying means 70 for purifying the combustion gas used for drying and carbonizing the garbage and the waste water purifying means 80 for cleaning the sewage discharged during the dehydration of the garbage will be described. The high-temperature combustion gas obtained by drying the garbage through the rotary kiln 31 exits through the discharge pipe 33 near the rotary kiln 31 inlet, and enters the first cyclone 71a through the first cyclone inlet 74a in FIG. The combustion gas is subjected to centrifugal separation of relatively large dust in the first cyclone, and the combustion gas flowing through the first cyclone 71a is sucked by the ejector 79a and enters the second cyclone 71b. The combustion gas is subjected to centrifugal separation of fine dust in the second cyclone 71b, and enters the exhaust gas purifying device 72a. First
The dust separated by the cyclone 71a enters the garbage input hopper 10 and is carbonized.
The dust separated in b is slowed down on the labyrinth road and taken into the washing water.

In the exhaust gas purifying device 72a, the odor and fine dust are removed by the filter 77a sprayed by the cleaning header 73, and then sent to the air storage tank 75 through the labyrinth by the exhaust pump 78. In the labyrinth, the washing water is condensed by centrifugation, and also in the air storage tank 75, the washing water is condensed and settled due to the slow flow rate of the combustion gas. The combustion gas flowing through the air storage tank 75 is sufficiently cleaned by flowing through the filter activated carbon layer 77b and the eliminator 77c, and is partially cooled by the exhaust fan 76 from the exhaust pipe 74b to the atmosphere and partially cooled by the exhaust pipe 74c. 60 and a part thereof is preheated by the cooling means 60 and sent to the combustion chamber 40 as auxiliary combustion air.

The wastewater discharged by the dewatering means 20 enters the wastewater purifying means 80 through a wastewater inlet 85. Further, the washing water used in the exhaust gas purifying device 72a and the cleaning / separating device 72b captures dust separated in the second cyclone 71b and enters the first tank 81a. In the first tank 81a, a coagulant is introduced to coagulate and precipitate dusts, and the second tank 8
Adjust by adding a neutralizing agent in 1b. 1st tank 81a, 2nd
Oxygen is supplied to the tank 81b and the third tank 81c by an air pump 84 to promote oxidation by microorganisms. The cleaning water that has been sequentially purified enters the clean tank 82 via the third tank 81c and the fourth tank 81d, and is reused as clean cleaning water by the combustion gas purification means. Further, the sediment deposited in the wastewater purifying means is periodically taken out, put into the garbage hopper 10, and carbonized.

[0036]

As described in detail above, according to the continuous garbage carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention, as a pretreatment for heating and carbonizing the garbage, the garbage is dewatered and dried. Can be turned into useful charcoal. Also,
Equipped with combustion gas purification means for purifying combustion gas and sewage generated in the process of dehydration, drying, and carbonization, and wastewater purification means, which does not generate residues and wastewater after carbonization of garbage, and pollutes the atmosphere and soil. There is an effect that there is no need to do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a garbage continuous carbonization device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a garbage carbonizing portion of the garbage continuous carbonizing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion for purifying exhaust gas and drainage of the continuous garbage disposal device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: hopper for putting in garbage, 20: dehydrating means, 21 ...
Perforated pipe, 22 ... dehydration screw, 23 ... outer cylinder, 24
... Motor, 25 ... Drain pipe, 30 ... Drying means, 31 ... Rotary kiln, 32 ... Stirring blade, 33 ... Exhaust pipe, 40 ...
Combustion chamber, 50: carbonization means, 51: carbonization pipe, 52: pushing means, 60: cooling means, 70: combustion gas purification means, 7
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cyclone 72 ... Exhaust gas purification device 73 ... Cleaning header 80 ... Wastewater purification means

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A garbage introducing means for introducing garbage, a dehydrating means for dehydrating while transporting the introduced garbage, and a combustion gas flow opposed to a traveling direction while stirring the dehydrated garbage. A drying means for drying, a combustion chamber for generating a combustion gas to be passed through the drying means, and a cylindrical passage passing through the inside of the combustion chamber, wherein the dried garbage is passed through the inside of the passage. A garbage continuous carbonization apparatus, comprising: carbonization means for carbonizing garbage in the refuse; and cooling means for cooling carbide generated by the carbonization means. 2. A combustion gas purifying means for purifying combustion gas flowing through the drying chamber, and a waste water purifying means for purifying sewage discharged by the dehydrating means and sewage generated in the combustion gas purifying means. Claim 1 characterized by the following:
A garbage continuous carbonization device as described. 3. The fresh gas as claimed in claim 2, wherein said combustion gas purifying means has a cyclone for separating dusts by centrifugal separation and a filter on which the washing water purified by said waste water purifying means is sprayed. Garbage continuous carbonization equipment. 4. A method according to claim 2, wherein said pollutants in the gas collected by said combustion gas purifying means and / or residual ash generated in said combustion chamber are introduced into said garbage introducing means. 3. The garbage continuous carbonization apparatus according to 3.