JPS613913A - Enclosure type dry distillation disposing device for waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplift structure and to prevent the leakage of odor and noxious gas, by a method wherein a dry distillation return, a gas taking-out pipe, a heat exchanger for cooling gas, and a receiver are all of an enclosure structure. CONSTITUTION:A dry distillation retont 1 is provided with an openable waste charging port 1A, and an openable residue taking-out port 1B through which residue, remaining on the bottom of the dry distillation retont 1, is taken out to the outside. A vacuum pump 14, which forcibly introduces gas, generated in the dry distillation retont 1, through a gas take-out pipe 8 to a heat exchanger 9, forcibly introduces non-condensing gas in the heat exchanger 9 to the receiver 10, and forcilby feeds the gas to a combustion chamber 3 of a heating furnace 2 or a gas tank connected to the combustion chamber 3, is coupled to the receiver 10. Further, the reciver 10 is provided with a device which separates condensed liquid into liquid components, such as water, oil, and various liquid different in specific gravity for collection.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is applicable to various wastes, such as rubber scraps, old tires, plastic scraps, waste electric wires, waste oil, used dry batteries,
Related to processing equipment for industrial waste such as fluorescent lamps, urban/domestic waste, etc., and particularly related to closed type carbonization processing equipment suitable for use for the purpose of pollution-free processing of these wastes and resource reuse. It is.

[Prior art]

4. Most of the wastes mentioned above have traditionally been mainly disposed of by landfill or incineration, but recently the former method has
The problem of soil and wastewater pollution caused by land reclamation is being amplified, while the problem of air pollution in the latter method is being amplified. In particular, recently, ``dioxin'', a highly toxic carcinogenic chemical, has been detected in the exhaust gas and ash of garbage incinerators, and mercury has been detected in landfills containing mercury-containing waste such as used dry batteries. It has become a big problem as it has been discovered that it is contaminated. Therefore, recently, for example, multi-stage roasting furnaces and rotary retort furnaces, which have a similar structure to the multi-stage furnaces used to treat sewage sludge, have been used to treat this type of hazardous waste. .

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The waste incineration method described above not only cannot solve the problem of air pollution, but also makes it difficult to reuse resources effectively. Although it cannot be denied that furnaces are more useful in preventing pollution than incinerators, they are not only insufficient, but also provide sufficient functionality in terms of recycling and reusing resources. In addition, the structure is complicated, making it difficult to manufacture and operate, and the processing cost must be high.

The present invention seeks to solve these problems.

[Purpose of the invention]

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to be suitable for use in the above-mentioned pollution-free treatment of waste and resource reuse, to have a simple structure, to be easy to manufacture and operate, and to reduce treatment costs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a closed type carbonization treatment apparatus for waste that can keep the amount of waste relatively low.

[Structure of the invention]

The closed-type carbonization treatment apparatus for waste according to the present invention comprises: a pyrolysis apparatus comprising a carbonization vessel having a closed structure for thermally decomposing waste and generating gas, which is suspended and protrudes inside a heating furnace; A gas-cooling heat exchanger airtightly connected to the carbonization tank via a gas take-off pipe; The carbonization tank includes a waste inlet that can be opened and closed, and a liquid/gas treatment device that includes a receiver with a sealed structure that accommodates the condensed liquid and non-condensed gas. The receiver is provided with a residue outlet that can be opened and closed to take out the residue remaining at the bottom of the tank to the outside. and a vacuum pump for forcibly introducing the non-condensable gas in the heat exchanger into the receiver and into the combustion chamber of the heating furnace or a gas tank connected to the combustion chamber, and The receiver is equipped with or connected to a device for separating and collecting the condensed liquid collected inside the receiver into liquid components such as water, oil, etc. or various liquids having different specific gravity. It is characterized by the presence of

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments thereof.

In FIG. 1, A is a pyrolysis device in which a carbonization tank 1 with a closed structure for pyrolyzing waste and generating gas containing various components is hung and protrudes inside a heating furnace 2. The carbonization pot 1 penetrates the upper furnace wall 2A of the heating furnace 2 and projects slightly upward, and the projecting portion is provided with a waste inlet IA, and the inlet LA is opened by a hinged opening/closing lid IA'. It is sealed airtight.

Above the waste input IA, a hopper (not shown) having a crusher for crushing the waste or a discharge end of an input conveyor is arranged, and the waste is delivered to the waste input port via the hopper or conveyor. It is now being put into IA.

The carbonization pot 1 further has a
Yay, wa7o. 71.6ゎ68ka1aF2(7)
- No. 2B is provided with a residue outlet IB consisting of a hollow cylindrical body that protrudes outward through the 2B, and the residue, etc. remaining at the bottom of the carbonization tank 1 after thermal decomposition of the waste (metal-containing waste) is removed. (including metal materials, carbon, etc.) can be taken out from this residue take-out port IB. This residue outlet IB is also airtightly closed by a hinged opening/closing lid IB'. In the vicinity of this residue outlet IB, there is a vibrating sieve sorter (Fig. (not shown) and bunkers (not shown) for separately storing the sorted items.

A gun-type burner 4, which uses heavy oil or gas as fuel, is installed at a suitable lower part of the side wall 2B of the heating furnace 2 in order to heat the carbonization reactor 1 from the outside in the combustion chamber 3. Furthermore, a chimney 5 that communicates with the combustion chamber 3 is protruded from an appropriate position on the upper furnace wall 2A of the heating furnace 2.

The carbonization vessel 1 described above has a safety valve 6 in its upwardly projecting part.
, a temperature sensor 7, and a gas extraction pipe 8 for guiding and feeding gas generated in the carbonization tank 1 by thermal decomposition of waste to its cooling process.

B is a gas cooling exchanger 9 which is airtightly connected to the carbonization tank 1 via the gas extraction pipe 8; This is a liquid/gas processing device that includes a common receiver 10 with a sealed structure that accommodates the condensate liquid and non-condensable gas separated by cooling the gas supplied from the carbonization tank 1, and the waste is The volatile substances contained in the gas can be recycled or reused in gas or liquid form.

A rapid cooler 12 is connected to the gas cooling heat exchanger 9 through a supply pipe 11 and a return pipe 11', and a vacuum pump 14 is connected to the receiver 10 through a suction pipe 13. are connected to each other, and the suction force of the vacuum pump 14 forces the mixed gas generated in the carbonization tank 1 into the gas cooling heat exchanger 9 via the gas extraction pipe 8, and removes any impurities in the heat exchanger. The condensed gas, that is, the gas that did not liquefy while passing through the heat exchanger, is forcibly introduced into the lenver IO, and the combustion chamber 3 of the heating furnace 2 or, as described later, 9 is connected to this combustion chamber 3. It is now forcibly introduced into the gas tank that has been installed. Therefore, this vacuum pump I4 has a structure in which the suction pressure can be adjusted according to an increase or decrease in the amount of gas produced in the carbonization tank l, and the adjustment can be performed by operating the manual control means 15 or automatically as necessary. This can be done by operating a control word W (not shown).

FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate an apparatus for separating and collecting the condensed liquid collected in the receiver 10 into liquid components such as water, oil, etc. or various liquids having different specific gravity. The example shown in Figure 2 is used for carbonization treatment of mercury-containing waste such as used dry batteries, and the example shown in Figure 3 is used for the carbonization treatment of waste containing many oil-forming components such as rubber scraps and old tires. These are suitable for each treatment.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, when the object to be carbonized is mercury-containing waste, liquids such as water and oil are stored in the receiver 10 in addition to mercury.

In this case, mercury has the highest specific gravity, followed by water and then oil, so the mercury is stored in a sunken state at the bottom of the receiver 10, with water on top of it, and oil on top of the water. It will exist in a floating state. The example shown in FIG. 2 is configured so that three types of liquids can be separated and collected. When mercury, water and oil are stored, mercury is collected at the bottom end of the receiver 10. The water is passed through a discharge pipe 16 connected to a liquid collection tank 17 installed below the discharge pipe 16, and the water is discharged below it through a discharge pipe 18 connected to a side wall portion of the receiver 10 located above the discharge pipe 16. Installed liquid collection tank 19
Then, the oil is collected through the uppermost discharge pipe 20 into a liquid collection tank 21 installed below.

1 month, 31 o 20. Yo, Kae24. The oil and oil-containing water are separated and collected, and the oil-water mixture is further separated into oil and water. That is, as shown in the figure, oil flows into the oil tank 2 through the upper discharge pipe 20' attached to the receiver 10.
2, and if necessary, transferred to the service tank 23 and supplied to the burner 4 (in the case of an oil burner) of the heating furnace 2 via the supply pipe 24 to be reused as a heat source.

On the other hand, the oil/water mixture is collected in the oil/water separation tank 25 via the discharge pipe 16' attached to the lowermost end of the receiver 10.
There, the oil is separated and stored in a small oil tank 26, and the water is sent to a wastewater treatment tank (not shown) via a discharge pipe 27 and the like. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 3, the gas in the receiver 10 is temporarily stored in the gas tank 28 by the vacuum pump 14, as in the case of oil, and as needed.
It can be supplied to the combustion chamber 3 of the heating furnace 2 via a supply pipe 29 and reused as a heat source.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The closed type carbonization treatment apparatus for waste according to the present invention has a structure similar to that of soft soil, and in particular, its components, such as a carbonization pot, a gas extraction pipe, a gas cooling heat exchanger, and a receiver, are each isolated from the outside air. □Since they have a sealed structure that is airtightly connected to each other, gases generated from heat treatment of waste during operation are sealed without being discharged to the outside, thus preventing foul odors and harmful gases from leaking outside. There is no risk of causing pollution, and the waste that has been carbonized is
Since it becomes possible to regenerate or reuse in the form of selected solids or gas or liquid,
It can contribute to saving resources, has a simple structure, and is easy to manufacture and operate.Moreover, it is possible to reuse gas or oil obtained by carbonizing waste as a heat source, so it is easy to operate. Coupled with its simplicity, it can bring about many practical benefits, such as the ability to keep the overall processing cost low.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic side view of an embodiment of a closed type carbonization treatment apparatus for waste according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic side view showing an example of a liquid/gas processing apparatus in the apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing another example of the liquid/gas processing device in the invention device. In the drawing, A is a pyrolysis device, 1 is a carbonization boiler, IA is a waste inlet, IB is a residue outlet, 2 is a heating furnace, 3 is a combustion chamber, 8 is a gas extraction pipe, and B is a liquid/gas processing device. ,
9 is a gas cooling heat exchanger, 10 is a receiver, 114 is a vacuum pump, 16.16', 18.20 and 20' are discharge pipes, 17.19 and 21 are liquid collection tanks, 22 is an oil tank, and 25 is a Oil-water separation tank, and gas tank on the 2nd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A pyrolysis device consisting of a carbonization tank with a closed structure that thermally decomposes waste and generates gas, which is installed hanging down inside the heating furnace, and an airtight connection to the carbonization tank via a gas extraction pipe. A connected gas cooling heat exchanger and an airtightly connected gas cooling heat exchanger for storing condensed liquid and non-condensed gas separated by cooling of the gas supplied from the carbonization tank by this heat exchanger. It consists of a liquid/gas processing device consisting of a receiver with a sealed structure, and the carbonization tank has a waste input port that can be opened and closed, and a means for taking out the residue etc. remaining at the bottom of the carbonization tank after thermal decomposition of the waste to the outside. The receiver is provided with a residue outlet that can be opened and closed, and the receiver is configured to forcibly introduce the gas generated in the carbonization reactor into the heat exchanger via the gas outlet pipe, and to remove the non-condensable gas in the heat exchanger. A vacuum pump is connected to the receiver for forcibly introducing the liquid into the combustion chamber of the heating furnace or a gas tank connected to the combustion chamber. A closed type carbonization treatment apparatus for waste, characterized in that it is equipped with or connected with a device for separating and collecting liquid components such as water, oil, etc. or various liquids having different specific gravities. (2) the carbonization pot slightly protrudes above the heating furnace;
2. The closed-type waste carbonization treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste inlet is provided in a protruding portion thereof. (3) A patent claim characterized in that the residue outlet is a hollow cylindrical body that protrudes outward from an opening formed at a proper position in the lower part of the carbonization vessel and passes through the furnace wall of the heating furnace. A closed type carbonization treatment apparatus for waste according to item 1 or 2. (4) A liquid collecting tank is provided near the bottom of the receiver to separately store the condensed liquid separated into liquid components such as water, oil, etc. or various liquids with different specific gravity. A closed type carbonization treatment apparatus for waste according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: