JPS6165296A - Plaster board excellent in sound insulation - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a gypsum board with excellent sound insulation performance.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, demands on building materials have become more diverse. Insulation performance is required from the economic standpoint of saving resources and energy, and fire resistance performance is required from the viewpoint of safety, but sound insulation performance is even more strongly required to improve the living environment. Furthermore, in order to reduce construction costs and expand living space, building materials are generally becoming lighter and thinner.

Under these circumstances, gypsum board as a building material satisfies these new requirements and has come to be used in extremely large quantities and over a wide range. Furthermore, as these requirements become more sophisticated, gypsum boards with higher performance are being developed and produced to meet those purposes. However, with the recent worsening of noise pollution and residents' increasing desire for peace and quiet, existing gypsum boards are increasingly unable to cope with the situation.

In other words, when gypsum boards are applied alone or in combination to various buildings, sound insulation defects may occur, either due to the gypsum board itself or as a characteristic of the entire wall structure when it is used as a wall. This is a serious issue that is being brought into close focus today.

In general, the sound insulation performance of a material or structure is approximately determined by the total weight, thickness, etc., and if these are increased, the sound insulation performance will generally improve based on the principle of the mass law. In this sense, increasing the weight of the gypsum board by increasing its density and making it thicker and whiter has a certain effect. However, the above-mentioned sound insulation deficiency has not been improved to date.

Here, the sound insulation deficiency is a phenomenon in which the sound insulation performance in a specific frequency range is significantly reduced due to the coincidence effect of the board material or the resonance of the entire body of Seph. When the region where this sound insulation defect appears overlaps with the main audible sound range, for example, 125 to 4000 H2, various noise problems occur due to transmitted sound in that sound range, and for example, the living environment is significantly deteriorated.

In the B71aL construction method wall, which is widely used in concrete housing complexes, where a gypsum board is attached as a surface material to the surface of a concrete slab using an adhesive, 20
Resonance due to structural factors in the bass range around 0 Hz, 2,
000 to 4,0 OOH2
The coincidence effect of the surface material (surface material) occurs, resulting in significant sound insulation defects. For this reason, it has become popular as a construction method with extremely poor workability and economy, but recently the amount of construction has been on the decline.

To address this lack of sound insulation, we are trying to increase the weight of materials and walls,
We have tried to expand the hollow layer to move the frequency at which sound insulation defects appear outside the main audible range, and to allocate the constituent materials.
Methods of suppressing resonance by changing the method of fixing the surface material have been considered and implemented, but none of them resulted in an improvement.

In recent years, as the number of high-output noise sources such as stereos, karaoke machines, various large motors, compressors, fans, etc. has increased significantly, existing countermeasures have not been able to adequately cope with the increase, and there is a strong demand for improvements to the sound insulation gap 41i described above. ing.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The gypsum board used as a surface material for the above-mentioned GL method walls is made by rolling a slurry made by adding water, pulp, a foaming agent, etc. to baked stone 5 and sandwiching it between two pieces of tough paper. Although it is hung and molded, it has excellent durability, non-stretchability against heat and moisture, fire resistance, and (cutting) workability, so it is used as a surface material for the walls of concrete apartment complex slabs (as described above). It is widely used as surface material for various types of partition walls (including GL construction method) and various partition walls.

Gypsum boards are usually used for about 7m to about 10 or so buildings, but for applications where sound insulation is particularly required, several boards are laminated or a special grade of several 10s is used. . Furthermore, gypsum boards in which inorganic fillers such as sand are homogeneously mixed in slurry have also been developed for special purposes. However, all of these gypsum boards are made of a homogeneous surface material with uniform surface density and weight, so whether it is a gypsum board alone or a structure using it, there is no difference in mass. (Although the sound insulation effect can be expected, the above-mentioned sound insulation deficiency has not been improved at all.

The present invention relates to a gypsum board that significantly improves the sound insulation deficiency without reducing the characteristics of the gypsum board. By using this gypsum board, the sound insulation defects of the GL method walls and the like described above are improved.

(Means for solving the problem) That is, in a gypsum board consisting of a plurality of regions having different areal densities, the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the weighted average areal densities of the plurality of regions, respectively. Regarding a gypsum board formed as T-12 or higher, in particular, at least one material selected from powder or granular heavy aggregate, fibrous material, mesh material, etc. is added to the inside of the board or A stone 5 board formed by non-uniformly mixing, inserting, etc. on the surface to form a plurality of areas to be used as areal density fittings, and the area density ratio of the plurality of areas is 1.2 or more at the maximum and minimum. It is related to.

Gypsum board is a building material with low bending rigidity compared to other building materials, metals, stone, and core-crete systems. The present inventors have found that the behavior of the plurality of regions with respect to sound and vibration is thicker (tends to separate) compared to a homogeneous board having equal surface density.

For this reason, for example, by using a non-homogeneous board, it is possible to improve the sound insulation loss due to the coincidence effect caused by the cooperative action of a specific component of the incident sound and the bending vibration of the plate material, to a much more even level than with the above-mentioned homogeneous board. It turns out that it can be done. Also, the mass of the double (multiple) wall structure (air)
Even in the case of resonance transmission in the low frequency range, which is the resonance of the spring/mass system, the resonance frequency tends to shift depending on the region with different areal density. reached.

In this way, it has been found that gypsum board has the advantage that its relatively low bending rigidity makes it easy to make its surface density non-uniform and improve sound insulation defects, but it also has another major advantage. Something was also discovered. Even if fillers are mixed or inserted to make the gypsum board non-homogeneous during the manufacturing process, the change in bending rigidity is relatively small. The gypsum board according to the present invention is very advantageous for improving sound insulation defects by dispersing the missing frequencies because the increase in bending rigidity with respect to the increase in the areal density of that part is not too large. Because it is possible to integrally form a non-uniform board by mixing or inserting fillers, etc. in the manufacturing process, it is possible to reduce processing, material costs, and the occurrence of warpage on the surface after construction, compared to boards that are made non-uniform by partial lamination. It also has the advantage that there is no risk.

The non-uniformity is formed by partially mixing the filler 1c described below into the inside or surface layer of the gypsum slurry during the gypsum board forming process, or by inserting it so that it becomes partially non-uniform. As the filler used, powder or granular heavy aggregate, fibrous material, mesh material, etc. are used.

Heavy aggregates include metals and inorganic substances such as iron, lead, zinc, aluminum, barium, calcium, silicon, and carbon, or their oxides, sulfides, chlorides, hydroxides, carbonates, and other various salts. The material is a powder or granule obtained from ores containing these as main components, and preferably sand, iron oxide powder, barium sulfate, etc. are used.

As the fibrous material, glass wool, rock wool, metal fiber, etc. are preferably used. Note that the fibrous material may be crushed and used as a mixture, or it may be inserted into the form of a compacted mat that does not prevent the infiltration of the gypsum slurry. As the mesh material, a metal mesh or the like can be preferably used. The reticulated material may be inserted into the interior or surface of the gypsum board, or it may be made entirely taut and folded back to make the part multi-layered and non-uniform. Preferable properties of these fillers include high specific gravity, low hardness, and as small a fiber diameter or particle size as possible. Hydrophilic materials are also preferably used.

Next, in the gypsum board made by mixing fillers in this way, there are areas with high area density where fillers are mixed or mixed at high density, and areas where fillers are not mixed or mixed at low density. In a plurality of regions with different areal densities in a region of low density, the maximum areal density rnMAX and the minimum areal density m M in the weighted average areal density of each region
It is necessary that the IN ratio, mMAX/mMIN, be greater than or equal to t2. This eliminates defects in the fC range <J'C (coincidence limit frequency) due to the coincidence effect that occurs on the gypsum board, as well as defects in the 1 ml range (fml: low frequency resonance) due to low frequency resonance transmission in the double (multi)wall structure. The defects at the transmission frequency) are significantly improved. The reason is that if the areal densities between multiple regions (weighted average areal densities within a region) differ by about 20%, the missing frequency will shift by about 10 degrees (for both fcVc and fnal). This is because the frequencies at which significant sound insulation deficiencies occur in the structure are dispersed, and as a result, the sound insulation deficiencies are leveled out. Incidentally, if the ratio is less than 12, the dispersion effect is weak and is not suitable for the purpose of the present invention.

In order to further increase this effect, m bl)X 7
It is effective to make the m MIN ratio thicker, preferably 15 or more. At this time, the defect frequency will deviate by a factor of approximately 20 or more, and a large defect dispersion effect will be exerted. Note that this inhomogeneous region Although area, shape, arrangement, etc. are important factors when setting, it is desirable to satisfy the following conditions overall: In other words, the average areal density of the entire gypsum board for the areal density of each part; 25% or more of the total area of the gypsum board has an area with areal density m or m- that is 10% or more greater or less than The closest circle that touches the boundary of the area in at least two points, that is,
The diameter of the largest circle included in the area is 3 cR or more, preferably 10 cR or more. When such conditions are met, the relative separation of the vibration properties of each region is promoted, the effect of dispersing the sound insulation deficit is enhanced, and the sound insulation deficit is greatly improved.

An example of the structure of a gypsum board according to the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a gypsum board made by using river sand as the powder and mixing the sand into approximately half of the flat surface, and Figure 2 shows a gypsum board that is formed by dividing the plane into a lattice pattern and forming the powder in diagonal lines. It is formed by mixing in to increase the areal density. In FIG. 3, glass wool is used as the fibrous material and is formed by mixing the glass wool into an area of t-vertical half. Fig. 4 shows a wire mesh as a net-like material made partially (approximately 40%) thick as a multi-layer and inserted over the entire gypsum board, and Fig. 5 shows a case where the mesh material is folded back and the folded part is made into a multi-layer. This shows the state in which the layers are continuously inserted into a gypsum board with a high areal density.

Note that these are examples, and it goes without saying that the invention is not necessarily limited to these.

(Example) Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 Conventional commercially available gypsum board (J'X size 9 + wa area density & 5
kg/ml ) 90 aa .Approximately 4000 Hz as shown in the figure
Significant sound insulation defects appear due to the coincidence effect. On the other hand, the sound transmission loss of a heterogeneous fossil gypsum board (Example 1), which was formed by filling half of the gypsum board with sand to make the areal density non-uniform as shown in Figure 1 (Example 1), was measured in the same manner as Comparative Example 1. . The sand used for filling was river sand with an average particle size of about 600μ, and the filling amount was about 6.5# per ml of the filled area, and the areal density of the weighted part of the molded board was about 9.5#.
/mj.

The gypsum board used was 90fi x 180CII with a thickness of 94, and the area density of the part not filled with sand was 6.
．． It was 5#/-. The measurement results of the sound transmission loss (hereinafter abbreviated as T and L) of this heterogeneous fossil gypsum board are also shown in FIG. This result is due to the decentralization effect.
The drop part of Comparative Example 1 beyond 00 Hz is approximately 5 dB.
It's improving. In addition, due to the contribution of the weight increase to the mass print, it is approximately 0.5 to 2. OaB
T, L, all improved. In this Example 1, mMA
X/mMIN becomes 9.5/6.5=1.46, and the missing frequency (fc) due to the coincidence effect is dispersed from about 4000H2 to about 5000Hz or more,
It can be seen that the missing parts have been fairly leveled out in this range. Generally speaking, in order to improve the sound insulation by 5 dB based on the mass, it is necessary to double the wall thickness (in this case, the thickness of the gypsum board), and even if the wall thickness is increased, the sound insulation loss will still occur as described above. There is no improvement. The present invention solves the problem of sound insulation without changing the wall thickness.

Comparative Examples 2 and 3 and Examples 2 and 3 Using two gypsum boards used in Comparative Example 1, glass wool (thickness 25 m density 45 hg/m')'f was sandwiched between the sixth
A 90ffi x 180 panel with the structure whose cross section is shown in the figure was fabricated.The areal density of the panel was 154/M'), T, L
, t-measured (Comparative Example 2). The results are shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a large 1″f loss is caused by the resonance transmission of the low frequency range of the double wall around 200 Hz and by the coincidence effect around 4 000 Hz. D-30t- has relatively high sound insulation properties in the medium and high frequency ranges.
According to the sound insulation rating, it is about JIjiD-25. Next, the idea of moving all the missing frequencies out of the audible range, which is the basic countermeasure against conventional sound insulation defects (
Based on this, in Comparative Example 3, in which the weight of the face material portion was increased, the face material portions (both of the spring tires) were changed to a 154-thick gypsum board. Therefore, the total thickness of the panel has increased from 43 m to 55 m, and the areal density has increased from approximately 15 #/m to approximately 24 h/m.
The T, I, and lateral determination results for this panel are also shown in Figure 9.Although the two-tone deficit frequency shifted about 1/3 of an octave in both the bass and treble ranges, the sound insulation deficit was It is still large and has not been improved much.

On the other hand, the facing part of this panel is shown in Fig. 1, and the same (T, L, 2)
. The results are shown in FIG.

As shown in the figure, the sound insulation deficiencies in both the bass and treble ranges have been greatly improved. The amount of improvement is 5 in the bass range.
dB, reaching nearly 64B in the high frequency range. It can also be seen that the missing part has been considerably leveled out and is now flat. In addition, compared to Comparative Example 2, the increase in areal density of the panel is approximately 15 #
/m” to about 18 m3/m” (on average), and the thickness increase was only 3#/m3 (average), and the thickness did not increase at all.Next, as shown in Figure 7,
The above-mentioned panel (Fig. 6) was constructed using a 0m x 180 engineered board f, a heterogeneous fossil gypsum board with four types of surface densities formed by mixing river sand into the gypsum board and consisting of four inhomogeneous regions. As shown in Figure 9, when we measured the T and L, we found that the defective area was further improved, and the amount of improvement was about 6 dB in the bass range and about 8 dB in the treble range, Most of the missing parts have been eliminated.

This is thought to have been achieved by widening the range of heterogeneity, that is, mMAX/mMIN, and by making the area density heterogeneous in multiple stages. The areal density of the homogenized region is
5. C area is 8.0, B area is 95 and A area is 1t.
Oh9/ml. Also, the average areal density of the panel is approximately 1
9.5 ke/m”, thickness is 9 m, m M
AX/m M r N was 1.69.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the gypsum board according to the present invention keeps the overall weight increase within a small range, does not require an increase in thickness, and has almost no improvement with conventional measures. It greatly improves the sound insulation defects caused by the GL method, and does not impair the characteristics of the gypsum board.
It is also suitably used as a partition material.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 to 4 are diagrams showing construction examples of a gypsum board consisting of a plurality of regions having different areal densities according to the present invention,
Figures 1 and 2 use powder and granules. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a gypsum board made of a fibrous material and FIG. 4 made of a heterogeneous gypsum board made of a reticulated material. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a multi-layered and ribbed structure obtained by folding the net-like material within a gypsum board, and Fig. 6 shows Comparative Example 2.6, Example 2,
6 is a cross-sectional view of the panel used in Example 6, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the gypsum board used in Example 3, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the sound transmission loss of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1. , No. 9
The figure is a diagram showing the sound transmission loss of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 and Examples 2 and 3. Patent applicant Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. turns r )

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gypsum board consisting of a plurality of regions having different areal densities, the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the weighted average areal densities of each of the plurality of regions being 1.2 or more. A gypsum board with excellent sound insulation properties.