JPH051955B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH051955B2 JPH051955B2 JP59187816A JP18781684A JPH051955B2 JP H051955 B2 JPH051955 B2 JP H051955B2 JP 59187816 A JP59187816 A JP 59187816A JP 18781684 A JP18781684 A JP 18781684A JP H051955 B2 JPH051955 B2 JP H051955B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gypsum board
- sound insulation
- gypsum
- density
- board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 Preferably Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は遮音性能にすぐれた石こうボードに関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a gypsum board with excellent sound insulation performance.
（従来の技術）
近年、建材に対する要求が多様化している。省
資源、省エネルギー等の経済性の観点から断熱性
能が、また、安全性の観点からは耐火性能が求め
られているが、居住環境の改善の為に遮音性能が
特に強く求められるに至つている。また、建築コ
ストの低減、居住空間の拡大等の目的で、一般に
建材の軽量化や薄型化が促進されている。この様
な状況にあつて建材としての石こうボードは、こ
れ等の新たな要求に良く合致していることより、
極めて大量にまた広範囲に用いられるに至つてい
る。また、これ等の要求が高度化するにつれて、
その目的に合わせて、より高性能の石こうボード
も開発され生産されている。しかし、最近の騒音
公害の深刻化、居住者の静穏への欲求の高まりに
対し、既存の石こうボードでは、必ずしも対応で
きない事態が頻発するに至つている。(Prior Art) In recent years, demands on building materials have been diversifying. Insulation performance is required from an economic standpoint such as resource and energy conservation, and fire resistance performance is required from a safety standpoint, but sound insulation performance is particularly strongly required to improve the living environment. . Furthermore, in order to reduce construction costs and expand living space, building materials are generally becoming lighter and thinner. Under these circumstances, gypsum board as a building material is well suited to meet these new requirements.
It has come to be used in extremely large quantities and over a wide range of areas. Additionally, as these demands become more sophisticated,
Higher performance gypsum boards have also been developed and produced for this purpose. However, with the recent worsening of noise pollution and the increasing desire of residents for peace and quiet, existing gypsum boards are increasingly unable to cope with the situation.
即ち、石こうボードを単独で、または複合し
て、各種建築物に適用した際に石こうボード固有
の、または例えば壁体を構成した場合の壁構造全
体の特性としての遮音欠損の出現が、遮音上の重
大な問題として今日クローズアツプされている。 In other words, when gypsum boards are applied alone or in combination to various buildings, sound insulation defects may occur, either due to the gypsum board itself or as a characteristic of the entire wall structure when it is used as a wall. This issue is being highlighted today as a serious issue.
一般に、材料または構造体の遮音性能は、総重
量や厚さ等によつてほぼ規定され、これ等を増大
させれば、質量則の原理によりその遮音性能も全
般的には向上する。石こうボードの高密度化や厚
肉化による重量化は、この意味で一定の効果を有
している。しかしながら、先に述べた遮音欠損は
今だに殆んど改善されるに至つていない。ここに
遮音欠損とは、板材のコインシデンス効果や、構
造体全体の共鳴によつて、特定周波数領域の遮音
性能が著しく低下する現象である。この遮音欠損
の出現領域が、例えば125〜4000Hzと言つた主要
可聴音域と重なると、その音域の透過音によつて
様々な騒音トラブルが生じ、例えば居住環境を著
しく悪くしている。 In general, the sound insulation performance of a material or structure is approximately determined by the total weight, thickness, etc., and if these are increased, the sound insulation performance will generally improve based on the principle of the mass law. In this sense, increasing the weight of gypsum boards by increasing their density and thickness has a certain effect. However, the above-mentioned sound insulation deficiency has not been improved to date. Here, the sound insulation deficiency is a phenomenon in which the sound insulation performance in a specific frequency range is significantly reduced due to the coincidence effect of the plate materials or the resonance of the entire structure. When the area where this sound insulation defect appears overlaps with the main audible sound range, such as 125 to 4000 Hz, various noise problems occur due to the transmitted sound in that sound range, for example, significantly worsening the living environment.
コンクリート集合住宅に広く採用されている、
コンクリートスラブ素面に接着材を介して表面材
として石こうボードを付設してなる所謂GL工法
壁において、200Hz付近の低音域に構造的要因に
よる共鳴が、2000〜4000Hz付近の高音域に石こう
ボード（表面材）のコインシデンス効果が生じ、
それぞれ著しい遮音欠損を生じさせている。この
ため、施工性、経済性等に極めて優れた工法とし
て普及してきたが、近時その施工量が減少の傾向
にある。 Widely used in concrete housing complexes,
In the so-called GL method wall, in which a gypsum board is attached as a surface material to a bare concrete slab via an adhesive, resonance due to structural factors occurs in the low frequency range around 200Hz, and resonance due to structural factors occurs in the high frequency range around 2000 to 4000Hz. material), a coincidence effect occurs,
Each of these causes significant sound insulation defects. For this reason, it has become popular as a construction method with excellent workability and economy, but recently the amount of construction has been on the decline.
この遮音欠損に対し、材料や壁体の重量化を図
つたり、中空層を拡大したりして遮音欠損出現周
波数を主要可聴域外に移動させる方法や構成材料
の制振化を図つたり、表面材の固定方法を変更し
たりして共振を抑制する方法が考えられ、実施さ
れたが、いずれも改善されるに至らなかつた。 To deal with this sound insulation defect, we have tried to increase the weight of the materials and walls, expand the hollow layer to move the frequency at which the sound insulation defect appears outside the main audible range, and dampen the vibration of the constituent materials. Methods of suppressing resonance by changing the method of fixing the surface material have been considered and implemented, but none of them resulted in an improvement.
近時のステレオ、カラオケ、各種の大型モータ
ー、コンプレツサー、フアン等の高出力騒音源の
著増につて、既存の対策では十分な対応が図れな
いことより、前記した遮音欠損の改善が強く要望
されている。 In recent years, the number of high-output noise sources such as stereos, karaoke machines, various large motors, compressors, fans, etc. has increased significantly, and existing countermeasures are not sufficient to deal with the increase.Therefore, there is a strong demand for improvement of the sound insulation deficiency described above. ing.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
前記GL工法壁に表面材として用いられている
石こうボードは焼石こうに水、パルプ、発泡剤等
を加え混合したスラリーをじょうぶな紙の間には
さみロール掛けして成型されたものであるが、軽
量性、熱および水分に対する非伸縮性、耐火性、
（切削）加工性等に優れていることよりコンクリ
ート集合住宅スラブ壁面の表面材（前記したGL
工法も含め）や各種間仕切壁の面材等として多用
されている。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The gypsum board used as a surface material on the walls using the GL method is made by sandwiching a slurry of calcined gypsum with water, pulp, a foaming agent, etc. and rolling it between two pieces of tough paper. It is lightweight, non-stretchable against heat and moisture, fire resistant,
(Cutting) Due to its excellent workability, etc., it is a surface material for the walls of concrete apartment complex housing slabs (GL
It is widely used as a material for various types of partition walls.
石こうボードは、通例７mm程度から10数mm程度
で用いられているが、特に遮音性が求められる用
途には何枚かのボードを積層するか数10mmの特製
グレードのものが用いられている。また、スラリ
ー中に砂等の無機質充填材を均質に混入した石こ
うボードも特殊用途向に開発されている。しかし
ながら、これらの石こうボードはいずれも面密度
を均等に重量化した均質な面材で形成されている
ため、石こうボード単独でもこれを用いた構造体
であつても、質量則にもとずく遮音効果は期待で
きても前記した遮音欠損は何ら改善されてはいな
い。 Gypsum boards are usually used in thicknesses of about 7 mm to 10-odd mm, but for applications where sound insulation is particularly required, several boards are laminated or special grades of several tens of mm are used. Furthermore, gypsum boards in which inorganic fillers such as sand are homogeneously mixed in slurry have also been developed for special purposes. However, since all of these gypsum boards are made of a homogeneous surface material with an evenly weighted area density, whether it is a gypsum board alone or a structure using it, sound insulation based on the mass law cannot be achieved. Although the effects can be expected, the sound insulation deficiency described above has not been improved at all.
本発明は前記石こうボードの特徴を減殺せずに
前記遮音欠損を著しく改善した石こうボードに係
る。かつこの石こうボードを用いることにより前
記したGL工法壁等の遮音欠損を改善したもので
ある。 The present invention relates to a gypsum board that significantly improves the sound insulation deficiency without reducing the characteristics of the gypsum board. By using this gypsum board, the sound insulation defects of the GL method walls mentioned above are improved.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
すなわち、面密度を異にする複数の領域からな
る石こうボードであつて、前記複数の領域がそれ
ぞれ有する加重平均面密度のうちの最大値と最小
値の比を1.2以上として形成される石こうボード
に関し、特に、粉体又は粒体状の重量骨材、繊維
質材料、網状材料等から選ばれた少なくとも１種
を前記石こうボードの成型に際してボードの内部
又は表面に不均質に混入、挿入等して、面密度を
異にする複数の領域を形成し、かつ該複数領域の
面密度比が最大と最小で1.2以上として形成して
なる石こうボードに関するものである。(Means for solving the problem) In other words, in a gypsum board consisting of a plurality of regions having different areal densities, the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the weighted average areal densities of the plurality of regions, respectively. Regarding gypsum boards formed with This relates to a gypsum board in which a plurality of regions having different areal densities are formed by non-uniformly mixing or inserting into the gypsum board, and the ratio of the maximum and minimum areal densities of the plurality of regions is 1.2 or more. .
石こうボードは他の建材、金属系は勿論石やコ
ンクリート系と比しても曲げ剛性が小さい建材で
あることより、ボード中の複数の領域において面
密度を異ならしめたとき、該複数の領域の音及び
振動に対する挙動が均等な面密度からなる均質な
ボードに比し、大きく分離する傾向にあることを
本発明者は見出した。 Gypsum board is a building material with low bending rigidity compared to other building materials such as metal, stone, and concrete. The inventors have found that the behavior toward sound and vibration tends to be significantly separated compared to a homogeneous board with equal areal density.
このため例えば入射音の特定成分と板材の曲げ
振動との協同的作用によるコインシデンス効果に
よる遮音欠損を不均質化ボードを用いることによ
り前記均質ボードに比べ、はるかに平準化された
ものに改善する事ができることがわかつた。また
二（多）重壁構造の質量・（空気）バネ・質量系
の共振である低音域の共鳴透過に対しても、面密
度の異なる領域毎にその共振周波数にずれが生じ
易くやはり、遮音欠損を大巾に改善する事もわか
り、本発明に至つた。 For this reason, for example, by using a non-homogeneous board, it is possible to improve the sound insulation loss due to the coincidence effect caused by the cooperative action of a specific component of the incident sound and the bending vibration of the plate material, to a much more even level than with the above-mentioned homogeneous board. I found out that it is possible. In addition, for resonance transmission in the low frequency range, which is the resonance of the mass/(air) spring/mass system of a double (multi)wall structure, the resonance frequency tends to shift depending on the area with different areal density, and as expected, sound insulation It was also found that defects can be greatly improved, leading to the present invention.
この様に石こうボードは、その曲げ剛性が比較
的小さい事により、その面密度を不均質化し、遮
音欠損を改善する事が容易な利点を有する事が判
つたが、さらにもう一つ大きな利点のある事も見
出された。それは、石こうボードの製造過程で不
均質化のために充填物を混入または挿入しても、
その曲げ剛性の変化が比較的小さいために、例え
ば砂等の重量骨材を部分的に混入しても、その部
分の面密度の増加に対する曲げ剛性の増加があま
り大きくならないため、欠損周波数の分散化によ
る遮音欠損の改善には極めて好都合となることで
ある。 In this way, it has been found that gypsum board has the advantage that its relatively low bending rigidity makes it easy to make its surface density non-uniform and improve sound insulation defects, but it also has another major advantage. Something was also discovered. It is possible to mix or insert fillers for non-homogenization during the manufacturing process of gypsum board.
Because the change in bending stiffness is relatively small, even if heavy aggregate such as sand is mixed in partially, the bending stiffness will not increase much with respect to the increase in the areal density of that part, so the loss frequency will be dispersed. This is extremely convenient for improving sound insulation defects caused by
本発明に係る石こうボードはボードの製造過程
で充填剤等を混入、挿入等して不均質ボードを一
体的に成形できるため、部分積層により不均質化
を図つたボードより加工、材料費、施工後の表面
のそりの発生のおそれがない等の利点も有する。
不均質化の形成としては、石こうボード成形過程
において、石こうスリラー内部又は表層部に以下
に説明する充填材を部分的に混入又は部分的に不
均質となるよう挿入し形成される。用いられる充
填材としては、粉体または粒体状の重量骨材、繊
維質材、網状材料等が用いられる。 The gypsum board according to the present invention can be integrally formed into a non-uniform board by mixing or inserting fillers etc. during the manufacturing process of the board. It also has the advantage that there is no risk of warping of the surface afterwards.
The non-uniformity is formed by partially mixing or inserting the filler described below into the inside or surface layer of the gypsum thriller in the gypsum board forming process so as to make the gypsum thriller partially non-uniform. As the filler used, powder or granular heavy aggregate, fibrous material, mesh material, etc. are used.
重量骨材としては、鉄、鉛、亜鉛、アルミニウ
ム、バリウム、カルシウム、ケイ素、炭素等の金
属及び無機物またはこれらの酸化物、硫化物、塩
化物、水酸化物、炭酸化物その他の各種の塩並び
にこれ等を主成分とする鉱石等を原料とし、これ
等から得られる粉体または粒体状のものであり、
好ましくは砂、酸化鉄粉、硫酸バリウム粉等が用
いられる。 Heavy aggregates include metals and inorganic substances such as iron, lead, zinc, aluminum, barium, calcium, silicon, and carbon, or their oxides, sulfides, chlorides, hydroxides, carbonates, and other various salts. It is a powder or granule obtained from ores containing these as the main ingredients,
Preferably, sand, iron oxide powder, barium sulfate powder, etc. are used.
繊維質材料としてはガラスウール、ロツクウー
ル、金属繊維等が好ましく用いられる。なお、繊
維質材料は解砕して混入使用してもよく、石こう
スリラーの浸入を妨げない程度の圧密マツト状に
して挿入使用してもよい。網状材料としては、金
属製網等を好ましく用いることができる。網状材
料は石こうボード内部又は表層部に部分的に挿入
してもよく、全面張りとし一部を折返してその部
分を多重として不均質化してもよい。これら充填
材の好ましく特性としては、比重が大きく、硬度
が小さく、極力線繊維径または粒径が小さいこと
である。また親水性材料も好ましく用いられる。 As the fibrous material, glass wool, rock wool, metal fiber, etc. are preferably used. The fibrous material may be crushed and used as a mixture, or it may be inserted into a compacted mat shape that does not prevent penetration of the gypsum thriller. As the mesh material, a metal mesh or the like can be preferably used. The net-like material may be partially inserted into the inside of the gypsum board or the surface layer, or it may be fully stretched and partially folded back to make the part multilayered and non-uniform. Preferable characteristics of these fillers include high specific gravity, low hardness, and as small a fiber diameter or particle size as possible. Hydrophilic materials are also preferably used.
次に、このように充填材を混入してなる石こう
ボードに於いて、充填材を混入もしくは高密度に
混入した面密度の大きい領域と、充填物を混入し
ない、もしくは、低密度に混入した面密度の小さ
い領域の、面密度の異なる複数の領域において、
それぞれの領域が有する加重平均面密度における
最大面密度ｍMAXと最小面密度mMINの比、ｍ
MAX／ｍMINが1.2以上となる事が必要である。
これによつて、石こうボード上に生ずるコインシ
デンス効果によるc域（c：コインシデンス限界
周波数）での欠損、並びに二（多）重壁構造にお
ける低音域の共鳴透過によるrmd域（rmd：低
音域の共鳴透過周波数）での欠損がそれぞれ大き
く改善される。その理由は、複数の領域間の面密
度（領域内の加重平均面密度）が約20％異なる
と、その欠損周波数は、（cについても、rmdに
ついても）約10％移動し、石こうボードあるいは
その構造体の著しい遮音欠損の生起する周波数が
分散され、結果的に、遮音欠損が平準化されるか
らである。なお、前記比が1.2未満では分散化効
果が弱く本発明の目的に適さない。 Next, in the gypsum board made by mixing fillers in this way, there are areas with high area density where fillers are mixed or mixed at high density, and areas where fillers are not mixed or mixed at low density. In multiple areas with different areal densities in a low density area,
The ratio of the maximum areal density mMAX and the minimum areal density mMIN in the weighted average areal density of each region, m
It is necessary that MAX/mMIN is 1.2 or more.
This eliminates loss in the c range (coincidence limit frequency) due to the coincidence effect that occurs on the gypsum board, as well as loss in the rmd range (rmd: low frequency resonance) due to low frequency resonance transmission in the double (multi) wall structure. The defects at the transmission frequency) are significantly improved. The reason is that if the areal density between multiple regions (weighted average areal density within a region) differs by about 20%, the missing frequency will shift by about 10% (for both c and rmd), and This is because the frequencies at which significant sound insulation deficiencies occur in the structure are dispersed, and as a result, the sound insulation deficiencies are leveled out. Incidentally, if the ratio is less than 1.2, the dispersion effect is weak and it is not suitable for the purpose of the present invention.
この効果をさらに大きくする為には、ｍ
MAX／ｍMIN比をより大きくする事が有効で
1.5以上が好ましい。この時、欠損周波数は大略
20％以上のずれを生じ、大きな欠損の分散化効果
を発揮する。また、あまり大きくしても曲げ剛性
が大となつて、製造や使用が困難となることよ
り、実用的に30以下とすることが好ましい。尚、
この不均質化領域の設定に当つては、面積・形
状・配置等が重要な因子となるが、総合的に以下
の条件を満たす事が望ましい。即ち、各部分の面
密度について石こうボード全体の平均面密度よ
り10％以上大または少なる面密度ｍ+またはｍ-を
持つ面積が、それぞれ石こうボード全体面積の25
％以上、75％以下である事、および、面密度がｍ
＋またはｍ-の各領域中に含まれ、その領域の境界
に少なくとも２点で接する円のうち最も大なるも
の、つまり、領域に内包される最大円について、
その直径が３cm以上、好ましくは10cm以上でかつ
2m以下である事である。この様な条件を満たす
と、各領域毎の振動性状の相対的分離が促進さ
れ、遮音欠損の分散化効果が高まり、遮音欠損が
非常に大きく改善される。 In order to further increase this effect, m
It is effective to increase the MAX/mMIN ratio.
1.5 or more is preferable. At this time, the missing frequency is approximately
It produces a deviation of 20% or more and has a large defect dispersion effect. In addition, if it is too large, the bending rigidity increases, making manufacturing and use difficult, so it is practically preferable to set it to 30 or less. still,
When setting this inhomogeneous region, the area, shape, arrangement, etc. are important factors, but overall it is desirable to satisfy the following conditions. In other words, the area where each part has an areal density m + or m - that is 10% or more higher or lower than the average areal density of the entire gypsum board is 25% of the total area of the gypsum board, respectively.
% or more and 75% or less, and the areal density is m
The largest circle included in each area + or m - and touching the boundary of that area at at least two points, that is, the largest circle included in the area,
Its diameter is 3 cm or more, preferably 10 cm or more, and
It must be less than 2m. When such conditions are satisfied, the relative separation of the vibration properties of each region is promoted, the effect of dispersing the sound insulation deficit is enhanced, and the sound insulation deficit is greatly improved.
すなわち、25％及び３cm以下では遮音欠損の分
散化が不充分となつて本願発明の目的を達成でき
ず、またそれぞれの領域に内包される最大円の直
径は実用的（製造上、使用上、コスト上）に2m
以下であることが好ましい。 In other words, if it is less than 25% or 3 cm, the sound insulation defect will not be sufficiently dispersed and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved, and the diameter of the maximum circle included in each area will be limited to practical (manufacturing, use, etc.) 2m on cost)
It is preferable that it is below.
以下に添付の図面にもとづき本発明に係る石こ
うボードの構成例を説明する。 An example of the structure of a gypsum board according to the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.
第１図は粉粒体として川砂を用い、石こうボー
ド中の平面のほぼ半分に前記砂を混入し形成した
ものであり、第２図は格子状に平面を分割し、対
角線状に粉粒体を混入して面密度を高くし形成し
たものである。第３図は繊維質材としてグラスウ
ールを用い、該グラスウールを縦半分の面積に混
入し形成したものである。第４図は網状材料とし
ての金網を部分的（約40％）に複層として厚くし
石こうボード全体にわたり挿入し形成したもので
あり、第５図は網状材を折返して、該折返し部分
を複層として面密度を高くし石こうボード中に連
続的に挿入する状態を示したものである。 Figure 1 shows a gypsum board made by using river sand as the powder and mixing the sand into approximately half of the flat surface, and Figure 2 shows a gypsum board that is formed by dividing the plane into a lattice pattern and forming the powder in diagonal lines. It is formed by mixing in to increase the areal density. In FIG. 3, glass wool is used as the fibrous material, and the glass wool is mixed into half the vertical area. Figure 4 shows wire mesh as a net-like material partially thickened (approximately 40%) and inserted over the entire gypsum board, and Figure 5 shows the mesh material folded back and the folded part made into a layer. This shows the state in which the layers are continuously inserted into a gypsum board with a high areal density.
なお、これらは例であつて、必ずしもこれらに
限られないのはいうまでもない。 Note that these are examples, and it goes without saying that the invention is not necessarily limited to these.
（実施例）
比較例１および実施例１
従来の市販石こうボード（厚さ９mm面密度6.5
Kg／m2）90cm×180cm板の遮音性能をJIS−Ａ−
1416「実験室における音響透過損失の測定方法」
に準拠し測定した（比較例１）。その結果を第８
図に示す。図に示す如く約4000Hzにコインシデン
ス効果による著しい遮音欠損が出現している。こ
れに対し第１図に示す如き石こうボードの半分に
砂を充填して面密度を不均質化し成形した不均質
化石こうボード（実施例１）の音響透過損失を比
較例１と同様に測定した。充填した砂は、平均粒
径約600μの川砂を用い、充填量は充填部分１m2
当り約3.5Kgであり成形したボードの重量化部分
の面密度は約9.5Kg／m2であつた。なお、用いた
石こうボードは90cm×180cmで厚さ９mmであり、
砂を充填していない部分の面密度は6.5Kg／m2で
あつた。この不均質化石こうボードの音響透過損
失（以下略してT.Lと呼ぶ）の測定結果を同じく
第８図に示す。この結果は、分散化効果により、
4000Hzの先の比較例１の落ち込み部分を約5dB改
善している。また、重量増による質量則上の寄与
によつて、ほぼ前音域にわたつて約0.5〜2.0dB
T.L.を向上させている。本実施例１では、ｍ
MAX／ｍMINは9.5／6.5＝1.46となり、コイン
シデンス効果による、欠損周波数（c）は、約
4000Hzから約5000Hz以上へと分散化され、欠損部
分がこの音域でかなり平準化されている事が判
る。なお、通例、質量則にもとづき5dBの遮音の
改善を図るには壁厚（ここでは石こうボードの厚
み）を倍にする必要があり、しかも壁厚を厚くし
ても前記した如く遮音欠損は改善されないのであ
る。本発明は壁厚を変えずに遮音欠損を見事に解
決したものである。(Example) Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 Conventional commercially available gypsum board (thickness 9 mm, areal density 6.5
Kg/ m2 ) JIS-A- the sound insulation performance of 90cm x 180cm board
1416 “Method for measuring sound transmission loss in the laboratory”
(Comparative Example 1). The results are shown in the 8th section.
As shown in the figure. As shown in the figure, a significant sound insulation loss appears at approximately 4000Hz due to the coincidence effect. On the other hand, the sound transmission loss of a heterogeneous fossil gypsum board (Example 1), which was formed by filling half of the gypsum board with sand to make the areal density non-uniform as shown in Figure 1 (Example 1), was measured in the same manner as Comparative Example 1. . The sand used for filling was river sand with an average particle size of approximately 600μ, and the amount of filling was 1m2.
The molded board weighed approximately 3.5 kg per unit, and the areal density of the weighted portion of the molded board was approximately 9.5 kg/m 2 . The gypsum board used was 90cm x 180cm and 9mm thick.
The areal density of the part not filled with sand was 6.5 Kg/m 2 . The measurement results of the sound transmission loss (hereinafter referred to as TL) of this heterogeneous fossil gypsum board are also shown in FIG. This result shows that due to the decentralization effect,
The drop part of Comparative Example 1 beyond 4000 Hz is improved by about 5 dB. Also, due to the contribution of the mass law due to the increase in weight, it is approximately 0.5 to 2.0 dB over almost the front range.
Improving TL. In Example 1, m
MAX/mMIN is 9.5/6.5=1.46, and the missing frequency (c) due to the coincidence effect is approximately
It can be seen that the sound is dispersed from 4000Hz to approximately 5000Hz or higher, and the missing part has been significantly leveled out in this range. Generally, based on the mass law, in order to improve sound insulation by 5 dB, it is necessary to double the wall thickness (in this case, the thickness of the gypsum board), and even if the wall thickness is increased, the sound insulation loss will not improve as described above. It is not done. The present invention successfully solves the problem of sound insulation without changing the wall thickness.
比較例２，３および実施例２，３
比較例１で用いた石こうボード２枚を用いグラ
スウール（厚さ25mm密度45Kg／m2）をはさんで第
６図にその断面を示す構造の90cm×180cmのパネ
ルを作製し（パネルの面密度約15Kg／m2）、T.L.
を測定した（比較例２）。その結果を第９図に示
す。図に示す様に200Hz付近で二重壁の低音域の
共鳴透過により、また4000Hz付近ではコインシデ
ンス効果によりそれぞれ大きな遮音欠損を生じさ
せている。この為、遮音等級曲線をあてはめる
と、中・高音域で比較的他界遮音性を持ちながら
Ｄ−30を下廻つており、遮音等級評価では、ほぼ
Ｄ−25程度となる。次に従来の遮音欠損に対する
基本的な対策となつている欠損周波数の加聴域外
への一括的移動思想に基づいて、面材部分の重量
化を図つた比較例３は、先のパネルの面材部分
（２枚とも）を厚さ15mmの石こうボードに変更し
た。この為、パネルの全厚さは、43mmから55mm
へ、面密度は約15Kg／m2から約24Kg／m2に増加し
た。このパネルのT.L.測定結果を同じく第９図
に示すが、遮音欠損周波数が低音域、高音域とも
約1/3オクターブ程度移動したものの、その遮音
欠損は依然として大きく、殆んど改善されていな
い。Comparative Examples 2 and 3 and Examples 2 and 3 A 90 cm Fabricate a 180cm panel (area density of panel approximately 15Kg/m 2 ), TL
was measured (Comparative Example 2). The results are shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a large sound insulation loss is caused by the resonance transmission of the low frequency range of the double wall around 200Hz, and by the coincidence effect around 4000Hz. For this reason, when applying the sound insulation grade curve, it is found to be below D-30 while having relatively other-world sound insulation properties in the medium and high frequency range, and the sound insulation grade evaluation is approximately D-25. Next, Comparative Example 3, which aims to increase the weight of the panel part based on the idea of collectively moving missing frequencies out of the hearing range, which is the basic countermeasure against sound insulation defects in the past, The wood parts (both pieces) were changed to 15mm thick gypsum board. Therefore, the total thickness of the panel is 43mm to 55mm.
The areal density increased from about 15Kg/ m2 to about 24Kg/ m2 . The TL measurement results for this panel are also shown in Figure 9, and although the sound insulation deficit frequency has moved by about 1/3 of an octave in both the bass and treble ranges, the sound insulation deficit is still large and has hardly been improved.
一方、このパネルの面材部分を第１図に示し実
施例１で用いた不均質化石こうボードに変更し
（不均質化部分を対向させた）、同じくT.L.を測
定した（実施例２）。その結果を第９図に示す。
図に示す如く、低音域並びに高音域での遮音欠損
が同時に大巾に改善されている。その改善量は、
低音域で5dB、高音域では6dB近くに達してい
る。また欠損部分がかなり平準化し、平坦になつ
ている事がわかる。尚、比較例２に対し、パネル
の面密度の増加は約15Kg／m2から約18Kg／m2（平
均）の３Kg／m2の増加に止まり、厚さ増は全くな
い。次に第７図に示す様に90cm×180cm板を４つ
の不均質領域で構成し、石こうボード中に川砂を
混入して形成した面密度を４種類にした不均質化
石こうボードを用いて、前述のパネル（第６図）
を構成し、そのT.L.を測定した所、第９図に示
す様に欠損部分がさらに大巾に改善され、その改
善量は低音域では約6dB、高音域でも約8dBとな
り、ほとんど欠損部分が解消された。これは、不
均質化の範囲、即ちｍMAX／ｍMINを大きくと
り、しかもその面密度を多段階に不均質化した事
により達成されたものと考えられる。尚本例の石
こうボードの各不均質化領域の面密度は、図で示
すＤ領域が6.5、Ｃ領域が8.0、Ｂ領域が9.5および
Ａ領域が11.0Kg／m2であつた。パネルの平均面密
度は約19，５Kg／m2であり、厚みは９mm、ｍ
MAX／ｍMINは1.69であつた。 On the other hand, the facing part of this panel was changed to the heterogeneous fossil gypsum board shown in FIG. 1 and used in Example 1 (with the heterogeneous parts facing each other), and the TL was similarly measured (Example 2). The results are shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the sound insulation deficiencies in both the bass and treble ranges have been greatly improved. The amount of improvement is
It reaches 5dB in the bass range and nearly 6dB in the treble range. It can also be seen that the defective part has been considerably leveled and flattened. In addition, compared to Comparative Example 2, the increase in areal density of the panel was limited to an increase of 3 Kg/m 2 from about 15 Kg/m 2 to about 18 Kg/m 2 (average), and there was no increase in thickness at all. Next, as shown in Figure 7, a 90cm x 180cm board was constructed with four heterogeneous areas, and a heterogeneous fossil gypsum board with four types of surface density formed by mixing river sand into the gypsum board was used. The aforementioned panel (Figure 6)
As shown in Figure 9, when we measured the TL, the deficit area was further improved, and the amount of improvement was approximately 6 dB in the bass range and approximately 8 dB in the treble range, so the deficit area was almost completely eliminated. It was done. This is considered to have been achieved by increasing the range of heterogeneity, ie, mMAX/mMIN, and by making the surface density heterogeneous in multiple stages. The areal density of each heterogeneous region of the gypsum board of this example was 6.5 in the D region, 8.0 in the C region, 9.5 in the B region, and 11.0 Kg/m 2 in the A region shown in the figure. The average areal density of the panel is approximately 19,5Kg/ m2 , and the thickness is 9mm, m
MAX/mMIN was 1.69.
（発明の効果）
以上の様に、本発明に係る石こうボードは、全
体的な重量増をわずかな範囲に止め、厚さ増を必
要とせずに、従来の対応では殆んど改善し得なか
つた遮音欠損を大巾に改善するものであり、しか
も石こうボードの特質を殆んど損ねていないた
め、GL工法壁には勿論、他の壁材、間仕切材に
も好適に用いられるものである。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the gypsum board according to the present invention keeps the overall weight increase within a small range, does not require an increase in thickness, and has an improvement that could hardly be achieved with conventional measures. It greatly improves sound insulation deficiencies and does not impair the characteristics of gypsum board, so it can be used not only for GL method walls but also for other wall materials and partition materials. .
第１図乃至第４図は本発明に係る面密度を異に
する複数の領域からなる石こうボードの構成例を
示す図であり、第１図及び第２図は粉粒体を用
い、第３図は繊維質材料を用い、第４図は網状材
料を用いて不均質化した石こうボードの平面状態
図である。第５図は網状材料を石こうボード内で
折返して複層とした状態を示す図であり、第６図
は比較例２，３及び実施例２，３で用いたパネル
の断面図であり、第７図は実施例３で用いた石こ
うボードの平面状態図であり、第８図は比較例１
及び実施例１の音響透過損失を示す図であり、第
９図は比較例２，３及び実施例２，３の音響透過
損失を示す図である。
1 to 4 are diagrams showing configuration examples of a gypsum board consisting of a plurality of regions having different areal densities according to the present invention. The figure shows a plan view of a gypsum board made of a fibrous material, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of a gypsum board made of a non-homogeneous material made of a mesh material. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a multi-layered state in which the mesh material is folded within a gypsum board, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the panels used in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 and Examples 2 and 3. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the gypsum board used in Example 3, and Fig. 8 is a plan view of the gypsum board used in Example 3.
and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the sound transmission loss of Example 1, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the sound transmission loss of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 and Examples 2 and 3.
Claims (1)
ボードであつて、前記複数の領域がそれぞれ有す
る荷重平均面密度のうちの最大値と最小値の比を
1.2以上30以下とし、前記平均面密度の10％以上
大または小の面積が石こうボード全体の面積の25
％以上75％以下とし、かつ前記複数の領域に内包
する最大円の直径が３cm以上2m以下として形成
されることを特徴とする遮音性にすぐれた石こう
ボード。1. A gypsum board consisting of a plurality of regions having different areal densities, the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the weighted average areal densities of each of the plurality of regions.
1.2 or more and 30 or less, and the area larger or smaller than 10% of the above average surface density is 25% of the total area of the gypsum board.
% or more and 75% or less, and the diameter of the largest circle included in the plurality of areas is 3 cm or more and 2 m or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59187816A JPS6165296A (en) | 1984-09-07 | 1984-09-07 | Plaster board excellent in sound insulation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59187816A JPS6165296A (en) | 1984-09-07 | 1984-09-07 | Plaster board excellent in sound insulation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6165296A JPS6165296A (en) | 1986-04-03 |
| JPH051955B2 true JPH051955B2 (en) | 1993-01-11 |
Family
ID=16212739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59187816A Granted JPS6165296A (en) | 1984-09-07 | 1984-09-07 | Plaster board excellent in sound insulation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6165296A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4647636B2 (en) * | 2007-05-28 | 2011-03-09 | 文化シヤッター株式会社 | Panel for building materials |
| JP2009198902A (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2009-09-03 | Yamaha Corp | Sound absorbing structure, sound absorbing structure group, acoustic chamber, method of adjusting sound absorbing structure and noise reduction method |
-
1984
- 1984-09-07 JP JP59187816A patent/JPS6165296A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6165296A (en) | 1986-04-03 |
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