JPS615392A - Conveyance management system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a system for managing the weight of objects loaded onto a carrier and/or other transportation information.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, systems that measure the weight of objects carried by a carrier and manage the measured weight, type of object, and other transport information have relied entirely on manual labor. For example, in the field of construction and civil engineering, when construction work is being carried out by multiple cooperating companies, an acceptance inspector known as a "manbo-tori" has traditionally been responsible for managing the output of each cooperating company. Only the number of passes is measured, and the data is aggregated and managed. In addition, to measure the amount of soil to be transported, a loading weight meter with a frame structure called a can-can is buried and installed on the transport road, and the weight of the transport vehicle with the transport vehicle loaded is measured.
A configuration is known in which the weight of the loaded material (transported soil volume) is measured by subtracting the weight value of the transport vehicle with the loaded material in the empty state, which has been measured in advance. The reality is that information processing of transportation information, including data on the amount of soil transported, relies on manual labor.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Therefore, if efficient information management of transportation vehicle volume data and other transportation information can be achieved, it will be possible to carry out comprehensive information processing and management of transportation information, such as fair evaluation of the output of each cooperating business entity. Therefore, its realization has been long awaited in this type of industry. In addition, the operation management of transported goods has traditionally been left to the operator of the transport vehicle, and transport management has not been carried out from an overall perspective, and efficient management has been desired as well.

[Means and effects for solving the problems] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has been proposed to comprehensively manage transportation management.The first problem of the invention is to The goal is to carry out transportation management according to the transported goods.
'A second object of the present invention is to automatically measure the volume or weight of objects loaded onto a transporter, and to integrally manage the measured value data and other transport information. In order to achieve the above-mentioned first problem, this invention, as shown in FIG. do. (B) A road control device 3 is installed on the transportation road and inputs the transportation information transmitted from the transportation information setting device 2. (C) A central management device 5 is provided in a management center, etc.
The transportation information transmitted from the transportation information setting device 2 to the road control device 3 is input and information processing is performed. We are taking technical measures. In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, as shown in FIG.・Set. (b) A road control device 3 is installed on the transportation road and inputs the transportation information transmitted from the transportation information setting device 2. (c) A conveyed object weight measuring device 4 controlled by the road control device 3 is provided integrally with or separately from the road control device 3 and measures the weight of the carried object loaded onto the carrier 1. (d) A central management device 5 is provided in a management center or the like,
Information processing is performed by inputting the transported object weight data measured by the transported object M amount measuring device 4 and the transport information transmitted from the transport information setting device 2 to the road control device 3. We are taking technical measures.

【Example】

Below, a third embodiment will be described in which the transportation management system of the present invention is applied to a transportation management system that manages the weight of a transported object (transport vehicle) of a dump truck 10, without showing an example of the transportation body 1.
This will be explained based on the drawings shown in FIGS. This transportation weight management system includes a transportation information setting device 2 mounted on a dump truck 10, a road control device 3 installed on the transportation road, and a transportation weight measuring device 4 that can be controlled by the road control device 3. It consists of a central pipe embedded W5 installed in a management center or the like at a work site. In this embodiment, the transportation information setting device 2 mounted on the dump truck 10 includes an on-vehicle setting device 20, a cargo indicator light 21 connected to the on-vehicle setting device 20, and an on-vehicle antenna installed on the vehicle. It consists of a combination with a transmitter/receiver 22 having 23. That is, the on-vehicle setting device 20 allows the operator of the dump trunk 10 to operate a switch to indicate the transported object S to the transported object indicator light 21.
The type of color is displayed by lighting a combination of lamps. Additionally, transportation information is set in the transceiver 22 at the same time. This transportation information includes: ■Identification data of the vehicle such as the vehicle number of the dump truck, ■Affiliation data such as the corporate entity number, ■Vehicle number of the loading machine (for example, a shovel loader) for the material to be transported, etc. There are loading side data, (2) transport object attribute data such as the type of the transport object S, and other information necessary for transport management. In this embodiment, as described above, the transportation information setting device 2 includes the on-vehicle setting device 20, the transportation object indicator light 21, and the transmitter/receiver 2.
However, in the present invention, the transportation information setting device 2 only needs to have a structure that can transmit the type of the transported object S and other transportation information to the road control device 3, and is of course not limited to the above embodiment. It is. In addition, when the dump truck 10 takes over the transported object S from the loading machine I5 such as a shovel loader and transports it, the information on the loading machine 15 also becomes transport information, but in this case, loading machine 15 and dump trunk 10
It is preferable to install a transportation information setting device 2'' similar to the above. In this case, the transportation information setting device 2'' provided on the loading machine 15 is connected to the on-vehicle setting device 20''.
'□It consists of a transported object indicator light 21°a and a vehicle number indicator light 21''b, and the operator of the loading machine 15 operates a switch on the on-vehicle setting device 20'' to determine the type of transported object S and the vehicle number for the transport. The object indicator light 21"a and the vehicle number indicator light 21'b are illuminated. Therefore, the operator of the dump trunk 10 receiving the cargo S from the loading machine 15 uses the cargo display of the loading machine 15. Visually check the light 21″a and the vehicle number indicator light 21″b.
It is possible to confirm the type of transported goods S and the loading machine 15
The vehicle number is inputted into the on-vehicle setting device 20 of the dump trunk 10, and the above information is displayed on the cargo indicator light 21 on the dump trunk 10 and set in the transmitter/receiver 22. On the other hand, this allows the operator of the loading machine 15 to check whether there are any incorrect settings on the dump trunk 10 side, and also allows workers at the dump trunk unloading area to Since the type of S can be visually checked, there is no possibility of accidentally unloading the cargo to a different location when there are various types of objects S to be transported. Next, the transportation information set in the transceiver 22 from the on-board setting device 20 of the dump truck 10 is transmitted to the transceiver 22.
Vi! via the on-board antenna 23. is transmitted to the road control device 3 by guidance communication or the like. In the case of this embodiment, this road control device 3 is attached to a pole 31 planted on the transportation road, and includes a control means,
It has a transmitting/receiving means, a clock means, and an external data recording means. And a roadside antenna 3 provided on the tip side of the ball 31
2, the transportation information setting device 2 and the transportation object weight measuring device 4 can transmit and receive transportation information. Therefore, the road control device 3 communicates and inputs the transport information set in the transport information setting device 2 (transceiver 22) of the dump trunk 10 passing near the road control device 3 via the road antenna 32. do. In addition, by the clock function of the clock means of the road control device 3,
The passing time of the dump truck 10 is recorded as transportation information. Such road control devices 3 are installed in multiple stages at appropriate locations on the transportation route, and the road control device 3 installed at the measurement corner is further installed in the vicinity of the controller 40 of the transported object weight measuring device 4. A detection signal is given to the device to measure the weight of the transported object. Here, the conveyed object weight measuring device 4 has a loading weight needle called a so-called can-can (which is buried in the conveyance path, measures the weight of the conveyed object 1 together with the conveyed object S, and records the weight of the conveyed object 1 in advance). A device that measures the weight of the transported object S by subtracting the weight) In other words, it is a device that can measure the weight of the transported object S, and automatically measures the weight of the transported object based on the detection signal from the road control device 3. It is fine as long as it has a configuration that performs
In this embodiment, a device that measures the volume or weight by image processing is used as the transported object weight measuring device 4. The conveyance weight measuring device 4 based on this image processing has a third
As shown in the figure, a measurement corner is set at an appropriate location on the conveyance path, and a background panel 41 is installed in parallel on one side of the conveyance path to cover up the background area, and the background panel 41 is installed at a position opposite to the background panel 41. The TV camera 42 and the TV camera 4
An image processing device 43 inputs the image (optical image, the same applies hereinafter) recorded by 2 and extracts only an image representing the external shape of the transported object S portion, and a It is comprised of a volume or weight measuring device 44 that measures the volume or weight of the object S. That is, the background panel 41 is used to make the rear background uniform when inputting an image of the dump trunk 10 with the objects S piled up on the vessel 2 using human image means. It consists of a large white rectangular plate. Therefore, the dump trunk 10 being transported is stopped in front of this background panel 41. The TV camera 42 is an example of the image input means of the present invention, and records an image centered on the portion S of the cargo S piled up on the vessel v of the dump truck 10 stopped in front of the background panel 41. This conveyance weight measuring device 4 can be operated manually.
The controller 40 may be used to control T.
It consists of a configuration that automatically controls a V camera 42, an image processing device 43, and a volume/weight measurement device 44. In the case of this embodiment, when a predetermined signal is input from the transceiver 22 of the transportation information setting device 2 mounted on the dump truck 10 to the road control device 3 installed on the road near the measurement corner, the road control device 3 A detection command signal for starting volume or weight measurement is output to the controller 40. Note that the road control device W3 may be configured to receive the detection command signal transmitted from a central management device 5 provided at a central management center or the like at the site. Next, the image la recorded by the TV camera 42 (hereinafter referred to as the original image) is input to an image processing device 43 as an image processing means.゛This image processing device 43 converts an optical image into an electrical signal, performs measurement and analysis using image processing technology, reads the image (original image), and based on it, creates an image of only the transported object part (hereinafter referred to as This is a device that performs arithmetic processing to extract Ib (as shown in the processing image), and there are two types of processing means as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. That is, it is roughly divided into (1) subtraction (difference) processing means 43A and (2) identification element extraction means 43B. The first subtraction (difference) processing means 43A is, for example, a TV image processor (TVIP) (product name: manufactured by Nippon Avionics ■) or an image frame memory IM series (product name: manufactured by Oil Tank Tsushinki ■). The original image Ia input by the TV camera 42 using an image processing device such as
, the same vehicle stored in advance by the recording means (
The image (hereinafter referred to as a comparison image) of the empty vessel ■ of the dump trunk 10 of the model) is called up, the original image Ia and the comparison image Is are converted into electrical signals, and are superimposed as a common part, that is, an image. This is a method of erasing a portion and extracting the remaining portion, in which the processed image Ib of the remaining portion is processed by the volume or weight measuring device 4.
4 is output. The second identification element extraction means 43B uses, for example, an image processing device such as an automatic visual inspection device (trade name: manufactured by Yujo Tsushinki@). This device uses a CCD camera combined with a wavelength spectral filter instead of the usual camera 42 to record the target area and measure the reflection characteristics of the target area for each wavelength.
The image thus obtained is processed by an image processing device 43.
This is a method in which a specific wavelength is detected by inputting the signal into a filter, and the external shape of the detected part is extracted as a processed image.This method has been put to practical use, such as in sorting out damage to the peel of mandarin oranges. Using this device, by setting the wavelength of the color of the transported object S as a detection target, it is possible to directly extract an image of the external appearance of the transported object S. In this automatic visual inspection device, the color, that is, the reflection characteristic of a specific wavelength, is used to detect the shape of the transported object S, but the identification elements are, in short, the identification elements of the transported object S. Any physical characteristic that can be used to extract and identify S may be used, and the processed image Ib may be extracted based on a specific temperature or a specific density, for example. Therefore, if the transported object S has a specific temperature, it can be detected by infrared rays, and if it has a specific density, it can be detected by the reflection rate or transmittance of a signal or radio wave. Next, the above processing image [b] must always be extracted at the same ratio because in the present invention, the volume or weight is measured based on its size and shape. In addition, in the case of the subtraction (difference) processing method, the original image I
It is necessary to record the original image Ia so that the contour shapes of the common portion of a and the reference image Is match. To do this, for example, the dump trunk 10 is stopped so as to keep the distance between the TV camera 2 and the transport station S constant, and the height of the vessel is set at a constant position, so that the vehicle is transported at a constant distance. It is possible to record images where the common parts are at fixed positions.
iHowever, instead of such manual operation, the normalization correction means 421
may be provided. This normalization correction means 421 (i) moves or rotates the TV camera 42 back and forth, and up and down and left and right, with reference to the objects S piled up in the vessel V to determine the shooting distance (focal point) from the subject; A configuration in which the common part (vessel V in this embodiment) is controlled to be at a constant position on the recorded screen. (ii) The original image Ia recorded by the TV camera 42 is enlarged/reduced, or the distortion is corrected to create a reference image (a mark of a predetermined color and shape provided at a predetermined position on the dump trunk, etc.) or , the same shooting ratio (same shooting distance) as the common part of the comparison image (such as the shape of a certain part of the dump truck), and if the position of the common part of the comparison image on the recording screen is shifted, The images themselves are moved based on the part and corrected so that they can be perfectly overlapped, resulting in an image Ia' under the same recording conditions. Image Ia obtained in this way under the same recording conditions
A subtraction process is performed on the comparison image Is based on ', or an extraction process is directly performed on the basis of a specific color or brightness to obtain a processed image rb. (iii) In the case of using the identification element extraction means 43B, in addition to the above, the volume or weight is directly measured by the volume or weight measuring device 4 based on the unmodified original image Ia, and the obtained measurement value is , a configuration in which a measurement value under the same conditions is obtained by performing a correction calculation based on the difference between the original image and a reference value (corresponding to a common portion of the reference image or the comparison image). etc. In this embodiment, since the image is input from the side of the dump trunk 10 using one T, V camera 42, the image of the contour shape of the transported object S, that is, the processed image Ib is a two-dimensional planar image. Recorded as an image. The following methods can be used to measure the volume or weight of the transported object S based on this two-dimensional image. (i) subdividing the two-dimensional image vertically or horizontally;
A temporary volume is calculated by integrating each area. This provisional volume is based on the assumption that the transport vehicles are stacked under the same conditions in the three-dimensional direction. Then, from this temporary volume, the temporary center of gravity corresponding position calculation means 4
At step 42, the temporary center of gravity corresponding position is calculated. Based on the temporary center of gravity corresponding position calculated in this way, the loading bag determining means 444 creates a categorized three-dimensional loading bag pattern stored in advance in the recording means of the volume or weight measuring device 44. A loading bag pattern having the same or most similar tentative center of gravity position is determined from among them, and the three-dimensional shape of the two-dimensional processed image is estimated. Based on this estimated three-dimensional loading bag pattern, the volume calculating means 447 corrects the volume value of the board and calculates the volume of the transported object S. In addition, if the experimentally measured volume value or the weight value for each type and condition of each soil to be transported is entered as data in the loading bag pattern, the volume value or weight value corresponding to the selected loading bag pattern will be , it is easy to just call up the weight value. (ii) In addition to the TV camera 42 that records the two-dimensional original image Ia, an auxiliary camera is used to photograph the three-dimensional shape of the transport vehicle by changing the shooting angle. (the upper surface in the width direction) of the transport vehicle S (correction means 443 using an auxiliary camera). Thereby, the loading bag measuring means 445 corrects the loading bag in the width direction to measure the three-dimensional loading bag, and the volume calculating means 447 calculates the volume. (iii) Instead of the above method, the three-dimensional measurement means 446 synthesizes images of the transported object S from different angles using two (or more than one) TV cameras with different recording angles and captures them as a three-dimensional image. Of course, the volume calculation means 447 may measure the volume value. It should be noted that the volume of the portion stored in the hesocell V that does not appear as an image is equal to the volume of the vessel (2), so by adding that amount, the volume of the entire transported object S can be calculated. A weight calculation means is added to the volume value measured in this way.
The weight is calculated by inputting the type (density) data, porosity data, and weather condition (in case of rain, etc.) data of the transported object S to 1449. In this embodiment, the above parameters are set by the on-vehicle setting device 20 of the transportation information setting device 2 mounted on the dump trunk 10.
is input by the operator of the dump truck 10, and is transmitted to the on-road control device 3 via the transmitter/receiver 22 as described above, relayed by the on-road control device 3, and used to control the transported object weight measuring device 4. The information is input to the machine 40. Then, the weight calculation data is given to the weight calculation means 449 via the controller 40, and the weight is measured. A checking means 448 may be provided to check whether the volume value (or weight value) calculated in this way is correct. That is, when the volume or weight of the transported object S is estimated based on the working conditions of the transporter 1, for example, when the transporter 1 is the motor scraper 12, the checking means 448:
As the work information, the blade angle, width, and excavation distance are input, and the estimated amount of excavated soil is measured based on this information. Next, the checking means 448 determines whether or not the calculated transported soil volume value is included within a predetermined tolerance range of the measured estimated excavated soil volume, and if it is included, it is determined that the weight is correct, and that it is not included. If so, it is determined as an error and a predetermined signal is output. In the case of an error, it is preferable to perform the measurement again based on the above-mentioned signal or to use another measurement method to prevent measurement errors. The device 4 for measuring the weight of a transported object through image processing captures the external shape, such as when the transported object S is piled up in the transported object loading container of the transporter 1 and at least a portion of it rises from the transported object loading container. Therefore, the carrier 1 is not limited to construction machinery, transport vehicles, etc., and the type of the transported object S is not limited in any way, and can be applied to anything. Further, in the above embodiment, the image processing device 43 and the volume/weight measurement device 44 are constructed as separate bodies, but it goes without saying that one device having both functions may be used. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a plurality of TV left cameras 2, which are an example of an image input device, are installed at appropriate locations on the transportation route to form a plurality of measurement corners. It is connected to the image processing bag surface 43 via the power and camera switch 45 (of course, it does not need to be provided in all road control devices 3). Therefore, when the dump truck 10 stops at the nearest measurement corner during transport and exchanges transport information with the road control device 3, a control signal is sent from the road control device 3 to the camera switch 45, and the road control TV controllable by device 3
The left camera 2 becomes capable of recording images, and this TV left camera 2 is used to input images. In this way, the transported object weight measuring device 4 using image processing
When using the device, it is not necessary to fixedly install the conveyed object weight measuring device 4 on the conveyance road, and it can be easily moved. By using the camera switch 45, it is possible to drive only the TV left camera 2 to be used, and it becomes possible to measure the weight of the transported object S regardless of the location. Therefore, it is possible to measure the weight of the transported object S at a suitable position depending on the face that moves as the work progresses or the transport route that is changed, so the transport route can be changed in order to measure the weight of the transported object S. This eliminates the waste of going back and forth. In this way, data on the volume or weight of the transported object S measured by the transported object weight measuring device 4 is transmitted from the transported object weight measuring device 4 to the road control device 3. As a result, the road control device 3 receives the following information: ■The vehicle number of the dump truck, ■The company it belongs to, ■The type of the transported object S, ■The vehicle number of the shovel loader that received the load, ■The dump truck passes the road control device. Transportation information such as the time when the transportation was carried out and (1) the weight (net weight) of the transported object measured by the transported object coulometric measuring device are input. Here, the road control device 3 further includes an abnormality determination procedure.
A configuration may also be adopted in which a stage is provided and an abnormality is displayed on the abnormality display device 6 connected to the road control bag W3. The abnormality determination means of this road control device 3 measures the weight value measured by the transported object weight measuring device 4. It is determined whether or not the loading capacity is within a predetermined range according to the model of the dump truck 10 in which the problem occurred, and if it is determined that it is outside the range, an abnormality signal is output to the abnormality display device 6 and the operator is notified of the abnormality. Inform. In addition, the type data of the transported object S obtained through communication from the transport information setting device 2 is determined and stored in advance for the transported object that should pass through the transport route installed by the road control device 3. If it is determined that the transported object S is of a different type, the abnormality display device 6 similarly displays an abnormality display to that effect. When the weight of the transported object S is determined to be inaccurate by the checking means 448 used by the transported object weight measuring device 4, this abnormality display device 6 is operated via the road control device 3 or when the weight of the transported object S is determined to be inaccurate. It may also be configured to be directly controlled by the device 4 and display a predetermined abnormality. As a result, the weight of the transported object is measured again by the device 4 for measuring the weight of the transported object through an appropriate means, and the transport route of the dump truck 10 is changed. In this way, the conveyance information input to the road control device 3 is transmitted via wired or wireless communication means to the central management device 5 installed at the management center of the work site, or sent to a memory body (memory bank). ), and the memory body is manually transferred and input into the central management device 5. In this way, transportation information from each on-road control device 3 is accumulated in the central management device 5 consisting of a microcomputer. This accumulated transportation information is processed using the information processing means of the central management device 5 to perform integrated transportation management. Here, the configuration for inputting the transportation information to the central management device 5 is not limited to the above embodiment; for example, the needle side value data of the weight of the transported object is directly sent from the transportation object weight measurement device 4 to the central management device 5. The information may be integrated with other transport information sent from the road control device 3 within the central management device 5. Alternatively, if the on-road control device 3 and the transported object weight measuring device 4 are integrated devices having the functions of the respective devices, the central control device 5 can be accessed from the integrated device.
The above transportation information will be sent to. Based on the transportation information collected in the central management device 5 in this way, information processing is performed and transportation management is performed. Therefore, in this system, as shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to instruct the operator on transportation management or operation management based on the transportation information processed by the central pipe W5, using the road control device 3 as a control relay medium. Become. Alternatively, an operation instruction display device 7 that can be controlled by the road control device 3 is provided near the road control device 3, and the operation instruction display device 7 is provided in the vicinity of the road control device 3. An operation instruction signal is sent to the operation instruction display device 7 to issue a predetermined operation instruction. The operator of the dump truck 10 operates the dump truck 10 according to a predetermined operation instruction displayed on the operation instruction display device 42. With such operation instructions, the operation of each dump truck 10 can be controlled according to the operation status ascertained by the central management device 5. In addition, when a destination indicating device is used as the operation instruction display device 7, when the destination (unloading place) according to the type of the transported object S is determined in the central management device 5, the route order is determined for each road. The information is sent to the control device 3, and the type of the transported object S and the corresponding unloading location and route information are stored in the road control device 3. Then, the dump truck 1 passing through the road control device 3
When the type of cargo S loaded in the dump truck 10 is determined through communication with the transportation information setting device 2 of the dump truck 10,
It is also possible to perform operation management such as determining whether the transportation route is correct as a transportation route according to the type, and displaying the correct route if it is incorrect.

【Effect of the invention】

This invention inputs transport information from a transport information setting device for a transport object via a road control device, sends a control signal to a transport object weight measuring device to measure the weight of the transport object, and sends this transport information to a central management device. Since the information is transferred, transportation information can be managed in an integrated manner, for example, daily operation reports and information records for each operator can be managed, and accurate transportation management can be carried out efficiently. In addition, by giving operation instructions to the operators of each dump truck via the roadside control device based on the information processed by the central management device, operation management can be performed, allowing more efficient work. Extremely useful.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are block diagrams showing the functions of the first and second inventions, FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 4 is a block diagram thereof, FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the conveyance weight measuring device using image processing used in the above embodiment, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the image processing method, and FIG. It is a block diagram when operation management is performed by the invention. 1...Transportation body 2...Transportation information setting device 3...Road control device 4...Transported object weight measuring device 5...Central management device

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A transportation information setting device that is installed on a vehicle loaded with a transported object and sets transportation information such as the type of transported object, and a road control that inputs the transportation information transmitted from the transportation information setting device. A transportation management system comprising: a device; and a central management device that inputs transportation information data transmitted from the transportation information setting device to a roadside control device and performs information processing. (2) The roadside control device selects the operation instruction inputted in advance from the central management device from the transportation information input through communication with the transportation information setting device, and selects the operation instruction display device or vehicle connected to the roadside control device. 2. The conveyance weight management system according to claim 1, wherein a predetermined operation instruction is given to the upper setting device. (3) a transportation information setting device that is installed on a vehicle loaded with transportation objects and sets transportation information such as the type of transportation object; and a road control that inputs transportation information transmitted from the transportation information setting device. a device, a transported object weight measuring device that measures the volume or weight of the transported object loaded on the transport body under control from the road control device, and the transported object weight data measured by the transported object weight measuring device and the above-mentioned. A transportation management system comprising a central management device that inputs transportation information data sent from a transportation information setting device to a transportation information input means and performs information processing. (4) Claim 3, characterized in that the transported object weight measuring device comprises an image input means, an image processing means, a volume or weight calculation means, and a control means thereof.
Conveyance management system as described in section. (5) The road control device is equipped with a controllable operation instruction display device, and displays a predetermined instruction on the operation instruction display device in response to an instruction signal from a central management device. The transportation management system according to scope 3 to 4.