JPS6152568A - Air-conditioning and hot-water supply heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an air-conditioning/heating/hot-water supply heat pump device capable of air-conditioning/heating and heating of water in a hot water storage tank.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, there is a heating/cooling heat pump device shown in Figure 3, and a heating/cooling/hot water heat pump device as shown in Figure 3.
There was something shown in the figure. Figure 3.

The refrigerant circuit of the heat pump device shown in Fig. 4 includes a compressor 1.
, four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating 2, indoor heat exchanger 3, expansion valve 4
A refrigerant reversible expansion mechanism 4 in which pipes each connected to a check valve are provided in parallel to a and 4b, and an outdoor heat exchanger 5 are provided. , 7 is a heating coil that heats the water in the hot water tank 6, and 8 is a hot water storage f1! ! 16 is a city water intake port, and 9 is a water supply faucet. In the heat pump device shown in FIG. are installed in parallel, and each of these is a solenoid valve 10.1.
1 to a four-way valve 2.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 will be explained.

The heat pump device shown in FIG. 3 is for heating and cooling a room. During cooling, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the pressure Ra unit 1 flows as shown by the solid arrow in the figure and reaches the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is cooled and condensed. The condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid passes through one expansion valve 4a of the expansion mechanism 4, is depressurized, and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 3 as a refrigerant. expansion valve 4
The low-pressure refrigerant liquid (a) evaporates in the indoor heat exchanger 3, removes heat from the room, and turns into gas. This low-pressure refrigerant gas is sucked into the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2 and compressed, and the same cycle repeats again and again. During heating, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows as indicated by the broken line arrow in the figure and reaches the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3, where it radiates heat and condenses to perform heating. The condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid passes through the other expansion valve 4b of the expansion mechanism 4 and is depressurized.
The depressurized refrigerant liquid reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is heated by the outside air and evaporates. This low-pressure refrigerant gas passes through the four-way valve 2, is sucked into the compression PAt, is compressed, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter.

The heat pump device shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a heating coil 7 that heats water in a hot water storage tank 6 in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger 3.
When heating hot water, close the solenoid valve 10 on the indoor heat exchanger 3 side,
The solenoid valve 11 on the heating coil 7 side is opened and the four-way valve 2 is set to the heating side, and during heating and cooling, the solenoid valve 10 on the indoor heat exchanger 3 side is opened and the solenoid valve 11 on the heating coil 7 side is closed. Note that the operations of the heat pump device shown in FIG. 4 other than those described above are the same as those of the heat pump device shown in FIG. 3.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

A hot water storage tank 6 is installed using a conventional heat pump device as shown in Fig. 4.
To heat the water in the tank, a heating coil 7 installed in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger 3 is inserted into the hot water storage tank 6, and the water in the storage tank 6 is heated by the heating coil 7. ℃, the waste heat from cooling is recovered and hot water stored f! 6 cannot be operated to heat the water. In addition, since the same refrigerant is used for heating and cooling and for heating during hot water supply, the heating temperature of the water in the hot water tank 6 is limited to about 55 to 60°C, which poses the problem of low heating temperature. Ta.

This invention attempts to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional devices, and it is possible to perform heating and cooling and hot water heating at the same time, and also recovers waste heat from cooling and uses it as a heating source for hot water. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat pump device for heating, cooling, and hot water supply that can obtain high-temperature drinking water.

[Means for solving problems]

The air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device of the present invention pumps water in the hot water storage tank into the first. The second refrigerant circuit is configured to perform heating, and the first refrigerant circuit connects the discharge side of the compressor via a first switching valve to a four-way valve and a heating coil in the hot water storage tank; The outlet side of the heating coil is branch-connected via a second switching valve so that the refrigerant flows to one of the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the second refrigerant circuit is connected to the first evaporator and the second evaporator. The second evaporator is installed in the hot water storage tank at approximately the same height as the heating coil, and the condenser is installed in the upper part of the hot water storage tank or at the hot water outlet. It is installed in the piping.

[Effect]

In this invention, the first refrigerant circuit, which serves as the main heat source for air conditioning, heating, and hot water supply, allows refrigerant to flow from the discharge side of the compressor to at least one of the four-way valve and the heating coil in the hot water storage tank via the first switching valve. This allows the refrigerant to flow from the heating coil to either the indoor heat exchanger or the outdoor heat exchanger via the second switching valve. By switching the second switching valve, heating and cooling and hot water supply and heating can be performed simultaneously, and waste heat from cooling can be used to heat the water in the hot water storage tank. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the second refrigerant circuit has a condenser installed in the upper part of the hot water storage tank or in the hot water outlet piping, the second refrigerant circuit operates in addition to or independently of each operation mode of the first refrigerant circuit. Hot water? In addition to being able to heat the hot water, the second evaporator is installed in the hot water storage tank at the same height as the heating coil, and the condenser is installed above the second evaporator, making it possible to efficiently raise the temperature of the hot water to a high temperature. can.

[Embodiments of the invention] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4 is an expansion mechanism, and 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, which are the conventional ones shown in Fig. 3. It is provided in the first refrigerant circuit 12 similarly to the refrigerant circuit. 6 is a hot water storage tank, and 13 is a first switching valve, that is, a first three-way valve provided in the first refrigerant circuit 12. The first three-way valve 13 is
An inlet branch 13a is connected to the piping on the discharge side of the compressor 1, one outlet branch 13b is connected to the four-way valve 2, and the other outlet branch 13c is connected to the heating coil 7 inserted into the hot water storage tank 6 through the piping 14. It is connected to ℃. The piping 15 on the outlet side of the heating coil 7 is a second switching valve, that is, a second three-way valve 1
The pipe 17 from one branch 16b of the outlet of the second three-way valve 16 is connected to the pipe between the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3. 16
The other branch 16c of the outlet of the pipe 18 is connected to the pipe between the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5.

Also, 8 is hot water storage f! City water intake connected to the bottom of 6.
9 is a faucet for hot water supply communicating with the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6, 19 is an inverter for controlling the capacity of the compressor 1, and 2o is a first... Second
This is a control device that controls the three-way valves 13, 16 and the four-way valve 2. 21 is a second refrigerant circuit configured independently of the first refrigerant circuit 12 described above. The second refrigerant circuit 21 includes a compressor 22, a condenser 23, an expansion mechanism 24, and a first evaporator 25.
and a second evaporator 26 are connected via piping. Second
The second evaporator 26 is installed in the hot water storage tank 6 at the same height as the heating coil/I/7, and the condenser 23 is installed in the second evaporator 26 under the water surface in the upper part of the powder storage tank 6. It is installed higher up.

Further, 27 is a valve installed in the pipe between the expander groove 24 and the first evaporator 25, 28 is a solenoid valve installed in the pipe 29 bypassing the solenoid valve 27 and the first evaporator 27, and 30 is a solenoid valve provided in the pipe 31 that bypasses the second evaporator 26.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device of this embodiment will be explained.

During heating, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 of the first refrigerant circuit 12 is divided into branches 13a and 13b by the first three-way valve 13.
Since the connection is made as shown in FIG. Become. The refrigerant liquid passes through the expansion mechanism 4 and evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 5,
It returns to the compressor 1 via the broken line flow path of the four-way valve 2.

During heating and hot water supply, a portion of the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 of the first refrigerant circuit 12 flows through the first three-way valve 13 in the same manner as during heating described above. At the same time, since the first three-way valve 13 is also connected to the branches 13a and 13Q, the other part of the refrigerant gas is
The water in the hot water storage tank 6 is heated by the cutting edge heating coil 7, and part of it condenses and becomes a refrigerant liquid, while the other part remains as a refrigerant gas without condensing. It passes through pipes 15° and 17, joins with the refrigerant liquid that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 3, and thereafter flows in the same manner as during heating and returns to the compressor 1. Also,
During heating and hot water supply, the first three-way valve 13 is connected to branches 13a and 13b in the same way as during heating, and an indoor temperature detector (not shown) such as a thermostat is used to raise the room temperature to the set value. At this time, the first three-way valve 13 is switched to connect the branches 13a and 13c, and the heating coil 7 heats the water in the hot water storage tank 6, and when the room temperature falls below the set value, the heating is returned to heating. A selective operation of hot water supply heating may also be performed. Furthermore, the first three-way valve 13 is controlled by a timer or the like at short intervals to branches 13a and 13b and branches 13a and 13c.
The refrigerant can be distributed over time for space heating and hot water supply.

During cooling, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 of the first refrigerant circuit 12 is divided into branches 13a and 13c by the first three-way valve 13.
Since the connection is made as shown in FIG. 1, the flow as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. . The refrigerant liquid passes through the expansion mechanism 4 and reaches the internal heat exchanger 3, where it evaporates into refrigerant gas and returns to the compressor 1 via the solid line flow path of the four-way valve 2.

During cooling and hot water supply, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 of the first refrigerant circuit 12 is guided to the heating coil 7 because the first three-way valve 13 is connected to the branches 13a and 13c. The water in the storage tank 6 is heated and partially or completely condensed, and the water flows from the pipe 15 to the branch 16 at the outlet of the second three-way valve 16.
c, and is absorbed into the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where even if some of the refrigerant does not condense, all the refrigerant is liquefied, and the refrigerant liquid passes through the expansion mechanism 4 and reaches the indoor heat exchanger 3, where it is It evaporates and becomes refrigerant gas, which returns to the pressure fa machine 1 via the solid line flow path of the four-way valve 2. At this time, the blower of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 operates at a temperature according to the liquefied state of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
By adjusting the heat exchange capacity by stopping or changing the rotation speed, more effective operation becomes possible. In this way, the condensation heat of the refrigerant is used as waste heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 during cooling, but in this heat pump device, by making the refrigerant flow as described above, the waste heat during cooling is reduced. The heat can be effectively recovered as a heating source for the water in the hot water storage tank 6.

When the hot water supply 210 is hot, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 is
Since the first three-way valve 13 is connected to the branches 13a and 13c, the water in the hot water storage PI3 is heated through the heating coil 7, so that some or all of the water is condensed, and then the refrigerant is condensed. Depending on the state and outside temperature, the flow path of the second three-way valve 16 can be selected. That is, when the outside temperature is low, the refrigerant can flow through the heating/hot water supply route, and when the outside temperature is high, the refrigerant can flow through the cooling/hot water supply route.

For example, when the outside temperature is low, the refrigerant flows through the second three-way valve 1.
The branch 16b of 6 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 3, the expansion mechanism 4, and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it evaporates and becomes refrigerant gas, which flows through the broken line flow path of the four-way valve 2 to the compressor 1. I'll go back to 5.

Furthermore, when the temperature of hot water is increased, the first refrigerant circuit 12 described above
In addition to or independently of each mode of operation, the compressor 22 of the second refrigerant circuit 21 is driven.

When this compressor 22 is driven, the high temperature refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 22 of the second refrigerant circuit 23 is transferred to the condenser 23.
The water condenses and heats the water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6. and,
When raising the temperature of the water in the upper part of the normal hot water storage tank 6, the solenoid valves 27 and 30 are opened and the solenoid valve 28 is closed, and the first evaporator 25 obtains heat from the outside air and cools the refrigerant. The evaporated refrigerant gas returns to the compressor 22 through the pipe 31 that bypasses the second evaporator 26, and the cycle is repeated. At this time,
Since the refrigerant pumps up heat from the outside air and heats the water in the hot water tank 6, it can operate more efficiently than a conventional electric heater that raises the temperature of the water in the upper part of the hot water tank. can. When the outside temperature is low and a rapidly rising hot water temperature is required, by opening the solenoid valve 28 and closing the solenoid valves 27 and 30, the refrigerant leaving the expansion mechanism 24 is transferred to the first evaporator 25.
The hot water is bypassed and guided to the second evaporator 26 located at the lower part of the hot water storage 4g6, where it is evaporated and returned to the compressor 1. By using the refrigerant sealed in the second refrigerant circuit 21 at a higher temperature but at a lower pressure than the refrigerant sealed in the first refrigerant circuit 12, the water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6 is heated. It can be heated to a higher temperature compared to heating by Koi/I/7. As a specific example of the refrigerant mentioned above, the first refrigerant circuit 12 uses JIS standard R-22, and the second refrigerant circuit 21 uses JIS standard R-22.
R-12 may be used for this purpose. The second refrigerant circuit 2 described above
The temperature raising operation of the water in the hot water tank 6 according to No. 1 is compared to the conventional method in which the electric heater is installed in the upper part of the hot water tank, that is, at or near the condenser 23. Since heat pump operation can be performed with a small temperature difference that transfers heat from the water to the upper water, the water in the hot water storage tank 6 can be effectively pumped with a small amount of electricity, especially when using a relatively small amount of hot water at a high temperature. Can be heated. In addition, when the water temperature in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 6 is low (as the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the heating coil 7 of the first refrigerant circuit 12 can be kept low,
The operating efficiency of the first refrigerant circuit 12 can be improved.

In this embodiment, the operations of heating, heating/hot water supply, cooling, cooling/hot water supply, and hot water heating are controlled by the control device 2.
1 by 2. This is done by controlling the second three-way valve 13,16 and the four-way valve 2. Further, the capacity of the compressor 1 is controlled by changing the frequency of the driving power source for the compressor 1 using an inverter 19. Furthermore, in the embodiment, the temperature of the hot water stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6 or the heated hot water at the outlet is detected by a temperature detector (not shown), and the second refrigerant circuit 21
The operation of the first refrigerant circuit 12 includes hot water heating, cooling and cooling.
It is performed in addition to or independently of the operation modes of hot water heating, space heating, and hot water heating.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 2, 32 is a hot water outlet pipe communicating with the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6, and 33 is a heat exchanger provided in the manufactured hot water pipe 32. In this example, t
;, the condenser 23 of the second refrigerant circuit 21 is connected to the heat exchanger 33
The compressor 2 of the second refrigerant circuit 21 uses the hot water passing through the hot water outlet pipe 34 from the hot water storage tank 6 to the hot water supply faucet 9.
The temperature is raised using the high-temperature refrigerant gas emitted from 2.

In this embodiment, the operation is similar to that of the second refrigerant circuit in the embodiment shown in FIG. can be effectively heated. The configuration and operation of this embodiment other than those described above are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.

In both of the embodiments described above, there is one indoor heat exchanger 3, but in the present invention, there may be two or more indoor heat exchangers. In the embodiment, the first three-way valve was used as the switching valve, but in the present invention, two two-way valves may be used as the switching valve to perform the same operation, and a switching valve such as the first three-way valve may be used as the switching valve. The expansion mechanism of the first refrigerant circuit can adjust its opening according to the refrigerant flow rate, and the refrigerant inflow direction can be either the left or right in FIG. 1 or 2. Using a reversible electrically operated expansion valve allows for more efficient operation. In the embodiment, the indoor/outdoor heat exchanger is an air type, but the present invention may use a water type indoor/outdoor heat exchanger. In the embodiment, the capacity of the compressor is controlled by an inverter, but in the present invention, the capacity may be controlled by dividing the compressor into a plurality of units and operating only the necessary number of units using a control device. .

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the air-conditioning/hot-water supply heat pump device of the present invention has the first switching function between the discharge side of the compressor provided in the first refrigerant circuit and the four-way valve and the heating coil provided in the hot water storage tank. The outlet side of the heating coil is connected via a second switching valve to a pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve, and a pipe connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve. With this connection, air conditioning and heating and hot water heating can be performed simultaneously with simple piping, water in the hot water storage tank can be heated using waste heat from cooling, and a second refrigerant circuit independent of the first refrigerant circuit can be used. A second evaporator is provided so as to be switchable with the first evaporator, the second evaporator is disposed in the hot water storage tank at approximately the same height as the heating coil, and Since the condenser is located higher than the second evaporator and installed below the water surface above the hot water storage tank or in the hot water outlet piping from the top of the hot water storage tank to the faucet, it can be used in addition to or independently of each operation mode of the first refrigerant circuit. The second refrigerant circuit can heat the outlet water, and has the effect of being able to efficiently (and economically raise the temperature of the outlet water to a high temperature).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the air conditioning/heating/hot water supply heat pump device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional heating/cooling heat pump device, and FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional heating/cooling/hot water supply heat pump device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Compressor, 2... Four-way valve, 3... Indoor heat exchanger, 4... Expansion mechanism, 5... Outdoor heat exchanger, 6...
・Hot water tank, 7... Heating coil, 9... Faucet, 12.
...first refrigerant circuit, 13.16...first. Second switching valve, 19... Inverter, 20... Control device, 2
1... Second refrigerant circuit, 22... Compressor, 23...
Condenser, 24... Expansion mechanism, 25... First evaporator,
26... Second evaporator, 27.28.30... Solenoid valve, 32... Hot water piping. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts. Representative Masuo Oiwa (and 2 others) Figure 4b Figure 4. b Procedural amendment (voluntary)

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A first refrigerant circuit, a second refrigerant circuit independent of the first refrigerant circuit
The first refrigerant circuit has a refrigerant circuit and a hot water storage tank, and the first refrigerant circuit is
A compressor, a four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, an indoor heat exchanger, a refrigerant reversible expansion mechanism, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by piping, and the discharge side of the compressor is connected to the four-way valve and inside the hot water storage tank. A branch connection is made to a heating coil provided in the heating coil through a first switching valve, and the outlet side of the heating coil is connected to a pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve, and a pipe connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve. The second refrigerant circuit connects the compressor, the condenser, the expansion mechanism, the first and second evaporators, and the first and second evaporators. The second evaporator is installed in the hot water storage tank at almost the same height as the heating coil, and the condenser is installed in the upper part of the hot water storage tank under the water surface. 2. A heat pump device for heating, cooling, and hot water supply, characterized in that it is installed at a higher position than the evaporator of item 2 or in a hot water outlet piping from the top of the hot water storage tank to the faucet. (2) The air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the compressor of the first refrigerant circuit is configured to perform capacity control by an inverter that varies the frequency of its driving power source. . (3) The compressor of the first refrigerant circuit is divided into a plurality of small-capacity compressors, and only the necessary number of compressors are operated by a control device to control the capacity. The air conditioning/hot water heat pump equipment described. (4) During simultaneous operation of hot water heating, cooling, and hot water heating,
The first switching valve connects the discharge side of the compressor with the heating coil;
The second switching valve connects the outlet side of the heating coil to the pipe connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve, and passes through the outdoor heat exchanger, expansion mechanism, indoor heat exchanger, and four-way valve to the suction side of the compressor. The air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is circulated through the route. (5) During the heating/hot water heating selection operation, the first switching valve connects the discharge side of the compressor to the four-way valve, so that the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger to perform heating, and the heating operation is performed indoors. While stopped by the temperature sensor, the first switching valve connects the discharge side of the compressor with the heating coil, and the refrigerant from the compressor passes through the heating coil and returns to the indoor heat via the second switching valve. The air-conditioning/hot-water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the water flows through an exchanger. (6) During simultaneous heating and hot water heating operation, the first switching valve connects the discharge side of the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger via the four-way valve, and the first switching valve connects the discharge side of the compressor to the heating coil. The air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the heating/cooling/hot water supply heat pump device is connected to a pipe connecting an indoor heat exchanger and a four-way valve via a second switching valve. (7) During simultaneous heating and hot water heating operation, the first switching valve switches and connects the discharge side of the compressor between the four-way valve side and the heating coil side at short intervals, and the second switching valve connects the compressor to the four-way valve side and the heating coil side. The cooling/heating/hot water heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger from the outlet side, and heating and hot water heating are performed alternately. (8) The second refrigerant circuit detects the temperature in the upper part of the hot water storage tank or the hot water outlet temperature, and operates in addition to or independently of each operation mode of hot water heating, cooling/hot water heating, heating/hot water heating by the first refrigerant circuit. The air-conditioning/hot-water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, which is operated as follows.