JPS61502904A - Automotive differential gear - Google Patents

Abstract

A differential for a motor vehicle comprises, inside a casing, two coaxial planet-gears (5, 6) having the same transversal axis, respectively integral with two transversal drive shafts (3, 4) which drive driving wheels, and a drive crown (9) having the same transversal axis as the planet gears (5, 6). To simplify the construction of such a differential, there are provided two irreversible mechanisms (12, 13; 19, 22; 25, 26) that is to say mechanisms which can impart a rotational motion only in one direction, from an input shaft to an output shaft, and which are opposed to any motion transmission in a reverse direction, the outer bushes (12c, 13c; 19c, 22c; 25c, 26c) of said irreversible mechanisms being integral with the satellite holder housing (8) which is itself integral with the drive crown (9).

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Automotive differential gear The present invention relates to an actuating device for a motor vehicle.

Traditionally, automobile differentials transmit the power of the motor to the drive wheels to turn the curve. It is known to sometimes impart different rotational speeds to the inner and outer wheels. paraphrase The differential then causes the outside wheels to make a larger circle than the inside wheels when rounding a curve. This allows the wheel to rotate faster than the inner wheel, which has slowed down in a manner similar to the drawing. normal difference The drive device includes a master ring gear connected to a transmission shaft within the casing. child The ring gear is fixed to two or three bevel gears, that is, bevel gears (satellite gears). ing. These bevel pinions are connected to two other bevel gears or side gears (planetary gears) of larger diameter. gear).

This side gear is arranged coaxially along the axis and drives two drive wheels. They are fixed to the respective axles. In this way, the driving torque is applied to the satellite gear retainer. The satellite gear retainer applies force evenly to the teeth of the two side gears. This structure Due to this structure, both left and right wheels rotate equally when the vehicle moves in a straight line. paraphrase Then, the two axles are driven at the same rotational speed according to the two side gears.

A major drawback known to all car drivers is that the driving force is applied to the wheel with less resistance. Hail! When the wheels are on a particularly slippery surface such as an icy road, full driving power is applied. is applied to the wheel that is slipping, while the other wheels remain stationary. follow It is impossible to free the car from such a situation.

In order to eliminate this drawback, the differential gear was blocked and the rear axle casing was made in one piece. Various devices have been proposed that serve as a shaft. One of the devices is a bevel-shaped small gear Equipped with a finger-mechanism that blocks . This solution is mainly used for trucks, but requires a walkway to the stopping point. The key is to block the differential after the vehicle has passed a slippery surface. It becomes a ge.

Other sorting devices use actuators that limit the slippage of discs and pads. Ru. This solution is similar to that used for brakes with adjustment springs, with one Limit the slippage of the other wheel relative to the other wheel. This type of product is being used by various companies in competition with each other. The device must be adjusted to suit the driving surface, and the wear of the sliding mechanism must be avoided. Because of this, its use is extremely limited.

It is an object of the present invention to have a particularly simple structure and to avoid the conventional requirements for bending curves. A certain differential effect is maintained and the wheels on the side with greater resistance to the road surface are driven preferentially. It is an object of the present invention to provide a differential device for transmitting torque to alleviate the above-mentioned drawbacks.

For this purpose, the automotive differential of the present invention has the same axis line inside the casing. Two identical axles are arranged on the top and respectively fixed to two axles that drive the drive wheels. A shaft-shaped side gear and a shaft-shaped side gear arranged on the same axis as the above side gear and connected to the motor. A differential gear for an automobile comprising a master ring gear connected to a connected transmission shaft. Is it possible to transmit rotational motion in only one direction from the drive shaft to the driven shaft? It is equipped with two irreversible mechanisms that do not transmit any movement in the opposite direction, and the above-mentioned irreversible The outer ring of the mechanism is fixed to a satellite gear holding box which is itself fixed to the ring gear, and The irreversible mechanism described above is a mechanism in which the two side gears are in opposite directions when the car turns a curve. The two sensors are configured to rotate relative to each other in the direction of the The two shafts that drive the drive wheels are formed so that the idle gears are blocked from each other. are integrated.

Various embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a differential device for an automobile according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing a differential device for an automobile according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows another Example of a station.

The automotive actuating device shown in Figure 1 is viewed in the forward direction of the vehicle as indicated by arrow F. Two drive wheels, a right wheel 1 and a left wheel 2, are rotationally driven. these The right and left drive wheels @1 and 2 are rotationally driven by axles 3 and 4, respectively; At the ends of 3 and 4 there is a cylindrical shape housed in the central casing (not shown) of the rear axle of the vehicle. Gears or side gears 5 and 6 are fixed to each other.

These two side gears 5 and 6f4 are perpendicular to the axis of the R side gear 5°6. Two or three bevel gears mesh with the satellite gear 7. "Satellite gear 7ζ" mentioned above, At the same time, it meshes with the two side gears 5 and 6. Box 8 which together forms a satellite gear retainer It is rotatably installed. Box 8 has the same axis as the two side gears 5 and 6. It is fixed to a master ring gear 9 which is composed of a bevel gear. Mata Rin The gear 9 is a conical drive pinion 1 fixed to one end of the longitudinal drive shaft 11 of the vehicle. meshes with 0.

According to the invention, the differential comprises two so-called irreversible mechanisms 12,13. irreversible machine The structure is well known in the art and is a product of SIAM-RINGSPANN. The known type or other types can be used. their respective deficiencies The reversible mechanism includes a drive shaft, a driven shaft, and an outer ring. Such an irreversible mechanism is driven It transmits motion only in the direction from the shaft to the driven shaft, and in the opposite direction (in the opposite direction). It has the property of not having.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the two irreversible mechanisms 12.13 are arranged coaxially. , has the same axis as the two side gears and the two axles 3, 4. Irreversible mechanism 1 2 drive shaft], 2 a is fixed to the axle 3, and the driven shaft 12 of this irreversible mechanism 12 b is fixed to the right side gear 5. Also, the outer ring 12c is placed in the satellite gear holding box 8. It is fixed. Similarly, the drive shaft 13a of the other irreversible mechanism 13 is connected to the other axle 4. The driven shaft 13b is fixed to the left side gear 6, and the outer ring 13c is fixed to the left side gear 6. It is fixed to the gear holding box 8.

When the car turns a curve, the casing of the differential of the two wheels 1 and 2 The cause of this is that relative motion in the opposite direction must be generated. In that case axle 3.・1 is drive operation The axles 3 and 4 serve as driven shafts 12b and 13b, in other words, the two side gears 5, 6 are driven in opposite directions, so differential operation is performed normally. In fact, irreversible mechanism 1 Movement of drive shafts 12a, 13a relative to respective driven shafts 12b, 13b in 2.13 The transmission is carried out normally because both moving shafts are driven four times.

On the other hand, in all other operating cases the outer rings 12c, 1 of the two irreversible mechanisms 12.13 3c (These outer rings are fixed to the satellite gear holding box 8, so they are attached to the ring gear 9. (which is driven by the The two axles 3.4 are tightly connected to form a one-piece shaft. this thing This prevents one wheel from spinning unintentionally.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 2, two side gears are fixed to the axle 3.4. The wheels 15 and 16 are comprised of spur gears. Also, the umbrella shape that meshes with these side gears Gears 17 and 18 consist of spur gears with axes parallel to the axes of wheels 1 and 2. Ru. The bevel gear 17 is fixed to a drive shaft 19a of the irreversible mechanism 19. irreversible The mechanism 19 includes a driven shaft 19b and an outer ring 19 fixed to a box 8 carrying a ring gear 9. c. The other bevel gear 18 is also fixed to the drive shaft 22a of the irreversible mechanism 22. There is. The irreversible mechanism 22 includes a driven shaft 22b and an outer ring 2 fixed to the box 8 so as to rotate. 2C. The driven shafts 19b and 22b of the two irreversible mechanisms 19.22 are , two small spur teeth of the same diameter that mesh with each other to form a pair of constant-velocity gearing, i.e., rotating in opposite directions. It is fixed to the car 23.24.

The differential of FIG. 2 operates similarly to the differential shown in FIG. In fact, cars When turning a curve, the two side gears 15 and 16 rotate in opposite directions to form their respective umbrella shapes. Drive gears 17 and 18, and then drive two small spur gears through irreversible mechanism 19 and 22. 23. Rotate 24 in the opposite direction. Two small spur gears 2 for all other operations 3.24, between the outer ring 19C222c of the irreversible mechanism 19.22 and the box 8 of the differential gear No relative motion occurs.

All movements are performed as if the two axles 31, 1 were integrated with each other. This prevents one wheel from spinning.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the differential consists of two conical pinions. Two irreversible mechanisms 25, 26 are provided which cooperate with the bevel gears 7, 7a. two umbrella shapes The gears 7 and 7a mesh with the two side gears 5 and 6, and also It has an axis perpendicular to the transverse axis. In more detail, two bevel gears 7゜7 a is the drive shaft 25a of two irreversible mechanisms 25 and 26;

26a, and the driven shafts 25b and 26b of the irreversible mechanism 25.26 are two with the same diameter. The small spur gears 27, 28 are fixed to the common intermediate pinion 27, 28. It meshes with 9. The outer rings 25c and 26c of the two irreversible mechanisms 25 and 26 are rings. This is because it is fixed to the box 8 which carries the gear 9. In this solution, there are two irreversible The axes of the mechanism 25, 26 can be arranged radially with respect to the two axles 3, 4. I understand.

The operation of the differential shown in FIG. 3 is similar to that of the differential described above.

Procedural amendment (formality) 1. Display of incidents PCT/FR8510O176 2. Name of the invention Automotive differential gear 3. Person who makes corrections Relationship to the incident: Patent applicant Name: Delta Mix 5. Date of amendment order September 2E, 1986] (Shipping date) 6. Subject of correction (1) “Representative of patent applicant” in writing pursuant to Article 184-5, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Law column (2) Translation of the description and claims (3) Power of attorney (4) Corporate certificate 7. Contents of correction (11f3t (4) As per attached sheet (2) Translation of the description and claims (no change in content) 8. List of attached documents (1) Amended Article 184 of the Patent Act 5 One document pursuant to the provisions of paragraph 1 (2) Translation of the description and claims: one copy each of the international search report Enter NNEX To τFu, INTERNATIONAL 5EARCFi R EPORT 0h INTERNATIONAf, AP? LICATrON No. , PCT/E’R85100176 (SA l○095) F’R-A-499 562None FR-A-14E17360 NoneFR-A-25307652710X/ 84 NoneDE-A-16250440S102/70 Non.

E’R-A-924180None +i’R-A-158240426109/69 Non@

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Two wheels are arranged inside the casing on the same axis and drive the drive wheels. Two coaxial side gears fixed to one axle, respectively, and the same side gear as the above side gear. A master ring gear connected to a transmission shaft arranged on the axis and connected to the motor. In an automobile differential device equipped with a Rotational motion can only be transmitted in one direction from the drive shaft to the driven shaft, and in the opposite direction. Two irreversible mechanisms (12, 13; 19, 22; 25, 26), and the outer ring (12c, 13c; 19c, 22) of the above-mentioned irreversible mechanism. c; 25c, 26c) is the satellite gear holder itself fixed to the ring gear (9) The above-mentioned irreversible mechanism is fixed to the box (8), and when the car turns a curve, the two The side gears (5, 6) are formed to rotate relative to each other in opposite directions, and all other During all operations, the two side gears (5, 6) are locked to each other. This means that the two shafts that drive the drive wheels (1, 2) are integrated. Characteristic automotive differential device. 2. Two irreversible mechanisms (11, 12) are arranged on the same axis and two sizes are arranged. It has the same axis as the dog gear (5, 6) and the two axles (3, 4), and the first The drive shaft of the irreversible device (12) is fixed to the axle (3), and the drive shaft of the irreversible device (12) is fixed to the axle (3). A driven shaft (12b) is fixed to the first side gear (5), and the outer ring ( 12c) is fixed to the satellite gear holding box (8), and is also used to drive the second irreversible mechanism (13). A driving shaft (13a) is fixed to another axle (4), and a driven shaft (13a) of the irreversible device (13) is fixed to the other axle (4). 13b) is fixed to the second side gear (6), and the outer ring ( 13c) is fixed to the satellite gear holding box (8). Place. 3. The two side gears (15, 16) fixed to the axles (3, 4) are spur gears. and these side gears (15, 16) are aligned with the axes of the axles (1, 2). meshing with bevel gears (17, 18) which are also composed of spur gears and have axes parallel to Then, the first bevel gear (17) is connected to the drive shaft (19a) of the first irreversible mechanism (19). The first irreversible mechanism (19) is fixed to the box (19) carrying the ring gear (9). 8), an outer ring (19c) fixed to the driven shaft (19b), and a second A bevel gear (17) is fixed to the drive shaft (22a) of the second irreversible mechanism (22), The above-mentioned second irreversible mechanism (22) has an outer ring ( 22c) and a driven shaft (22b), and two irreversible mechanisms (19, The respective driven shafts (19b, 22b) of 22) mesh with each other and move toward the same speed, that is, in the opposite direction. A gear fixed to two small spur gears (23, 24) each having the same diameter forming a rotating pair of The differential device according to range 1. 4. Two bevel gears (7, 7a) consisting of conical pinions cooperate with each other. It is equipped with an irreversible mechanism (25, 26), and the two bevel gears (7, 7a) have two support mechanisms. meshing with the side gears (5, 6) and perpendicular to the axis of the side gears (5, 6). The two bevel gears (7, 7a) form two irreversible mechanisms (25, 26). The driven shaft of the irreversible mechanism (25, 26) is fixed to the drive shaft (25a, 26a) of the (25b, 26b) are two small spur gears (29) meshing with a common intermediate small gear (29). 7, 28), and the outer rings (25c, 25c, 26') of the two irreversible mechanisms (25, 26') 26c) is fixed to the box (8) carrying the ring gear (9). The differential device described in .