WO1986000381A1 - Differential for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Differential for motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1986000381A1
WO1986000381A1 PCT/FR1985/000176 FR8500176W WO8600381A1 WO 1986000381 A1 WO1986000381 A1 WO 1986000381A1 FR 8500176 W FR8500176 W FR 8500176W WO 8600381 A1 WO8600381 A1 WO 8600381A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
integral
irreversible
mechanisms
shaft
shafts
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1985/000176
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Max Henry
Original Assignee
Delta Mics
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delta Mics filed Critical Delta Mics
Publication of WO1986000381A1 publication Critical patent/WO1986000381A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • F16H48/11—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears having intermeshing planet gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/12—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/16—Differential gearings without gears having orbital motion with freewheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • F16H2048/106—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears characterised by two sun gears

Definitions

  • Differentials of motor vehicles known to date are used for the transmission of power from the engine to the drive wheels, so as to allow, when cornering, different speeds of rotation for the inner wheel and the outer wheel. .
  • the differential allows the outer wheel, which describes, in a turn, a larger circle than, the inner wheel, to turn faster. than the latter whose speed is also lowered.
  • the differential generally comprises, inside a casing, a crown-of transverse axis drive, coupled to the transmission shaft, this crown being secured to two or three bevel or satellite gears. These satellites are in turn engaged with two other bevel gears of larger diameter or planetary which are arranged coaxially, along a transverse axis. and which are respectively secured to transverse shafts driving the two driving wheels. The engine torque is thus transmitted to the holder
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by providing a differential of particularly simple design which, while retaining its conventional differential effect necessary for cornering, ensures that the mote torque r is transmitted in priority to ia wheel which offers more resistance to the self.
  • this differential for a motor vehicle comprising, inside a casing, two coaxial planetaries, of the same transverse axis, respectively integral with two transverse shafts driving the driving wheels, and a crown of raitement of the same transverse axis as the planetary ones, which is coupled to the transmission shaft connected to the motor, is characterized in that it comprises two irreversible mechanisms, that is to say which can only transmit a rotational movement in only one direction, from an input shaft to an output shaft, and oppose any transmission of movement in the opposite direction, the outer rings of these irreversible mechanisms being integral with the case-holder housing itself same soli ⁇ dary of the drive crown, these irrever ⁇ sible mechanisms allowing in the event of a turn, a relative rotation planets in opposite directions to each other and blocking on the other hand in all other operating cases, the two planetary ones with respect to each other thus forming a single rigid shaft with the two drive shafts wheel drive
  • Fig re 1 is a diagram of a differential of a motor vehicle according to the invention.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams of variant execution of the differential.
  • C housing 8 is integral with a drive ring constituted by a bevel gear of the same transverse axis as the two planetary 5 and 6.
  • This ring 9 is taken with a conical drive pinion 10. integral with the end of the longitudinal drive shaft 11 d vehicle.
  • the differential comprises two mechanisms 12, 13 called “irreversible”. These mechanisms, well known in themselves in the technique, can be of the type of those known under the name of "5 IAM-RI NGSPANN" or of any other type.
  • Each irreversible mechanism has an input shaft, an output shaft and an outer ring.
  • a te irreversible mechanism present ia. property of ensuring the transmission of a movement only of i 1 input shaft in the direction of the output shaft and of opposing on the other hand any transmission of movement in the opposite direction.
  • the two irreversible mechanisms 12, 13 are coaxial and have the same transverse axis as the two planetary 5, 6 and the two wheel shafts 3, 4.
  • the input shaft 12a of the irreversible mechanism 12 is integral with the wheel shaft 3
  • the output shaft 12b of this mechanism is integral with the right plate 5 while its outer ring 12c is so ⁇ lary to the housing holder sateiiites 8
  • the input shaft 13a of the other irreversible mechanism 13 is integral with the other wheel shaft 4
  • its output shaft 13b is integral with the left sun gear 6
  • its outer ring 13c is integral of the planet carrier 8.
  • the satellite 17 is integral with the input shaft 19a of an irreversible mechanism 19 comprising an output shaft 19b and an external ring 19c, this ring being integral with the housing carrying the crown of drive 9.
  • the other satellite 1 is also integral with the input shaft 22a of an irreversible mechanism 22 comprising an output shaft 22b and an outer ring 22c integral with the housing 8 driven by rotation.
  • the respective output shafts 19b and 22b of two irreversible mechanisms 19, 22 are respectively secured to two straight pinions 23, 24 of the same original diameter, engaged with each other and forming a synchronization or inversion torque of meaning.
  • the differential comprises two ir ersible mechanisms 25 26 associated with two satellites 7, 7a constituted by conical pins respectively engaged with ies two planetaries 5, 6 and axes perpendicular to the transverse axis of these planets. More particularly, two satelites 7, 7a are integral with the input shafts 25a, 26a of two irreversible mechanisms 25, 26, the output shafts 25b, 26b thereof are integral with two straight pinions 27, 28, of the same pitch diameter, engaged with the same intermediate pinion 29.
  • the outer rings 25c, 26c of the two irreversible mechanisms 25, 26 are integral with the box 8 carrying the drive ring 9. It can be seen that in this solution the axes of the two irreversible mechanisms 25, 26 are arranged radially with respect to the two wheel shafts 3, 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

A differential for a motor vehicle comprises, inside a casing, two coaxial planet-gears (5, 6) having the same transversal axis, respectively integral with two transversal drive shafts (3, 4) which drive driving wheels, and a drive crown (9) having the same transversal axis as the planet gears (5, 6). To simplify the construction of such a differential, there are provided two irreversible mechanisms (12, 13; 19, 22; 25, 26) that is to say mechanisms which can impart a rotational motion only in one direction, from an input shaft to an output shaft, and which are opposed to any motion transmission in a reverse direction, the outer bushes (12c, 13c; 19c, 22c; 25c, 26c) of said irreversible mechanisms being integral with the satellite holder housing (8) which is itself integral with the drive crown (9).

Description

11 DIFFERENTIEL POUR VEHICULE AUTOMOBILE " La présente invention concerne un différentiel pour véhicule automobile. 11 DIFFERENTIAL FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE "The present invention relates to a differential for a motor vehicle.
Les différentiels de véhicule automobile connus jusqu'à ce jour sont utilisés pour la transmission de la puissance du moteur aux roues motrices et ce de manière à permettre, dans les virages, des vitesses de rotation dif¬ férentes pour la roue intérieure et la roue extérieure. Autrement dit ie différentiel permet à la roue extérieure, qui décrit, dans un virage, un plus grand cercle que,l.a roue intérieure, de tourner plus vite. que cette dernière dont la vitesse est par ailleurs abaissée. Le différentiel comporte généralement, à l'intérieur d'un carter, une couronne -d'en¬ traînement d'axe transversai, accouplée à l'arbre de trans- mission, cette couronne étant solidaire de deux ou trois engrenage coniques ou satellites. Ces satellites sont à leur tour en prise avec deux autres engrenages coniques de plus grand diamètre ou planétaires qui sont disposés coaxiaie- ment, suivant un axe transversai . et qui sont respectivement solidaires d'arbres transversaux entraînant les deux roues motrices. Le couple moteur est ainsi transmis au porte-sa-Differentials of motor vehicles known to date are used for the transmission of power from the engine to the drive wheels, so as to allow, when cornering, different speeds of rotation for the inner wheel and the outer wheel. . In other words, the differential allows the outer wheel, which describes, in a turn, a larger circle than, the inner wheel, to turn faster. than the latter whose speed is also lowered. The differential generally comprises, inside a casing, a crown-of transverse axis drive, coupled to the transmission shaft, this crown being secured to two or three bevel or satellite gears. These satellites are in turn engaged with two other bevel gears of larger diameter or planetary which are arranged coaxially, along a transverse axis. and which are respectively secured to transverse shafts driving the two driving wheels. The engine torque is thus transmitted to the holder
• teiiites et ce dernier pousse à égalité sur les dents de deux planétaires. Il résulte de cette construction que le vitesses sont réparties réquiièrement du côté gauche et d cô- é droit lorsque ie véhicule se déplace en ligne droite, autrement dit que les deux planétaires et par conséquent le deux arbres de roues sont entraînés à la même vitesse d• teiiites and the latter grows equally on the teeth of two planets. It follows from this construction that the speeds are distributed evenly on the left side and on the right side when the vehicle is traveling in a straight line, in other words that the two planet wheels and consequently the two wheel shafts are driven at the same speed d
-cotation- rating
Comme l'effort moteur s'exerce en priorité "du côt qui offre ie moins de résistance, il en résuite un inconvé nient majeur bien connu de tous les utilisateurs de véhi cules automobiles. En effet lorsqu'une roue motrice se trou ve sur un soi particulièrement glissant, par exemple en ca de verglas, tout l'effort moteur est appliqué à cette ro qui patine tandis que l'autre roue reste immobile. Il es alors impossible de dégager ie véhicule automobile se trou vant dans une telle situation.As the driving force is exerted as a priority "from the side which offers less resistance, the result is a major drawback well known to all users of motor vehicles. Indeed when a driving wheel is found on a itself particularly slippery, for example in freezing ice, all the engine force is applied to this wheel which skates while the other wheel remains stationary, so it is impossible to clear the motor vehicle being in such a situation.
T Pour pallier cet inconvénient on a déjà envisagé divers dispositifs qui permettent de bloquer ie différentiel de telle façon que ie pont arrière se comporte comme un arbre rigide. L'un de ces dispositifs comporte un mécanisme à doigt bloquant les satellites. Cette solution qui est principalement utilisée sur des véhicules utilitaires, exige un passage à l'arrêt et devient très gênante lorsque ie véhicule quitte ie terrain glissant nécessitant ie biocage du diff rentiel. Un autre dispositif connu est appliqué dans les différentiels à glissement limité de disques et de plaquet¬ tes. Cette solution identique à celle utilisée pour ie frei- naqe associé à des ressorts tar-és permet un glissement li¬ mité d'une roue par rapport l'autre. Un tel dispositif qui est utilisé surtout en compétition, exige un tarage adapté au type de terrain et par ailleurs l'usure du mécanisme à glissement rend son emploi très limité.T To overcome this drawback, various devices have already been envisaged which make it possible to block the differential so that the rear axle behaves like a rigid shaft. One of these devices includes a finger mechanism blocking the satellites. This solution, which is mainly used on commercial vehicles, requires a passage to a standstill and becomes very troublesome when the vehicle leaves the slippery terrain requiring the biocage of the diff rentiel. Another known device is applied in limited slip differentials between discs and plaquet¬ tes. This solution, identical to that used for frei- naqe associated with tared springs, allows limited sliding of one wheel relative to the other. Such a device which is used especially in competition, requires a calibration adapted to the type of ground and moreover the wear of the sliding mechanism makes its use very limited.
La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvé¬ nients en procurant un différentiel de conception particu- lièrement simple qui, tout en gardant son effet différentiel classique nécessaire pour les virages, assure à tout coup que le couple mote r est transmis en priorité à ia roue qui offre ie plus de résistance au soi.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by providing a differential of particularly simple design which, while retaining its conventional differential effect necessary for cornering, ensures that the mote torque r is transmitted in priority to ia wheel which offers more resistance to the self.
A cet effet ce différentiel pour véhicule automo- bile comportant à l'intérieur d'un carter, deux planétaires coaxiaux, de même axe transversai, respectivement solidaires de deux arbres transversaux d'entraînement des roues motri¬ ces, et une couronne d'en raînement de même axe transversai que- les planétaires, laquelle est accouplée à l'arbre de transmission reiié au moteur, est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux mécanismes irréversibles c'est-à-dire qui ne peuvent transmettre un mouvement de rotation que dans un seul sens, d'un arbre d'entrée vers un arbre de sortie, et s'opposent à toute transmission de mouvement en sens inver- se, les bagues extérieures de ces mécanismes irré ersibles étant solidaires du boîtier porte-sateiiites lui-même soli¬ daire de ia couronne d'entraînement, ces mécanismes irréver¬ sibles autorisant en cas de virage, une rotation relative des planétaires en sens inverse l'un de l'autre et bloquan par contre dans tous les autres cas de fonctionnement, le deux planétaires l'un par rapport à l'autre en formant ains un seul arbre rigide avec les deux arbres d'entraînement de roues motricesTo this end, this differential for a motor vehicle comprising, inside a casing, two coaxial planetaries, of the same transverse axis, respectively integral with two transverse shafts driving the driving wheels, and a crown of raitement of the same transverse axis as the planetary ones, which is coupled to the transmission shaft connected to the motor, is characterized in that it comprises two irreversible mechanisms, that is to say which can only transmit a rotational movement in only one direction, from an input shaft to an output shaft, and oppose any transmission of movement in the opposite direction, the outer rings of these irreversible mechanisms being integral with the case-holder housing itself same soli¬ dary of the drive crown, these irrever¬ sible mechanisms allowing in the event of a turn, a relative rotation planets in opposite directions to each other and blocking on the other hand in all other operating cases, the two planetary ones with respect to each other thus forming a single rigid shaft with the two drive shafts wheel drive
On décrira ci-après, titre d'exemples non limita tifs, diverses formes d'exécution de ia présente invention en référence au dessin annexé sur lequel :Various embodiments of the present invention will be described below, by way of nonlimiting examples, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
La fig re 1 est un schéma d'un différentiel d'u véhicule automobile suivant l'invention.Fig re 1 is a diagram of a differential of a motor vehicle according to the invention.
Les fiqures 2 et 3 sont des schémas de variante d'exécution du différentiel.Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams of variant execution of the differential.
Le différentiel pour véhicule automobile représent sur ia figure 1 est' destiné h entraîner en rotation deu roues motrices droite 1 et gauche 2, en. considérant ie sen d'avancement du véhicule représenté par ia flèche F. Ce deux roues motrices droite 1 et gauche 2 sont respectivemen entraînées en rotation par des arbres transversaux 3 et solidaires, à leurs extrémités, d ' engrenages coniques 5 et ou planétaires logés dans un carter centrai du pont arrièr du véhicule, carter non représenté sur ie dessin. Avec ce deux planétaires 5, 6 sont en prise deux ou trois engrenage coniques 7 ou satellites, d'axes perpendiculaires à l'ax transversal des planétaires 5, 6, ces satellites 7 enqrenan simultanément avec les deux planétaires 5, 6 et étant monté à rotation sur n boîtier 8 formant porte-satellites. C boîtier 8 est solidaire d'une couronne d'entraînement constituée par un engrenage conique de même axe transversa que les deux planétaires 5 et 6. Cette couronne 9 est e prise avec un pignon conique d'entraînement 10. solidaire d l'extrémité de l'arbre de transmission longitudinal 11 d véhicule .Differential for a motor vehicle Represented on ia 1 is' h for rotating drive wheels deu right 1 and left 2, in. considering the progress of the vehicle represented by arrow F. This two right-hand drive wheels 1 and left-hand drive 2 are respectively driven in rotation by transverse shafts 3 and integral, at their ends, with bevel gears 5 and or planetary housed in a central housing of the rear axle of the vehicle, housing not shown in the drawing. With this two planets 5, 6 are engaged two or three bevel gears 7 or satellites, with axes perpendicular to the transverse axis of the planets 5, 6, these satellites 7 are engaged simultaneously with the two planets 5, 6 and being mounted at rotation on n box 8 forming planet carrier. C housing 8 is integral with a drive ring constituted by a bevel gear of the same transverse axis as the two planetary 5 and 6. This ring 9 is taken with a conical drive pinion 10. integral with the end of the longitudinal drive shaft 11 d vehicle.
S ivant l' invention ie différentiel comporte deu mécanismes 12, 13 dits "irréversibles". Ces mécanismes, bie connjs en eux-mêmes dans ia technique, peuvent être du typ de ceux connus sous ie nom de " 5 IAM-R-I NGSPANN" ou de- tou autre type. Chaque mécanisme irréversible comporte un arbr d'entrée, un arbre de sortie et une bague extérieure. Un te mécanisme irréversible présente ia. propriété d'assurer ia transmission d'un mouvement uniquement de i1 arbre d'entrée en direction de l'arbre de sortie et de s'opposer par contre à toute transmission de mouvement en sens inverse. Dans ia forme d'exécution illustrée sur ia fiqure 1, les deux mécanismes irréversibles 12, 13 sont coaxiaux et ont ie même axe transversai que les deux planétaires 5, 6 et ies deux arbres de roues 3, 4. L'arbre d'entrée 12a du méca¬ nisme irréversible 12 est solidaire de l'arbre de roue 3, l'arbre de sortie 12b de ce mécanisme est solidaire du pla¬ nétaire droit 5 tandis que sa bague extérieure 12c est so¬ lidaire du boîtier porte-sateiiites 8. De ia même façon i'arbre d'entrée 13a de l'autre mécanisme irréversible 13 est solidaire de l'autre arbre de roue 4, son arbre de sor- tie 13b est solidaire du planétaire gauche 6 et sa bague extérieure 13c est solidaire du boîtier porte-satellites 8.According to the invention, the differential comprises two mechanisms 12, 13 called "irreversible". These mechanisms, well known in themselves in the technique, can be of the type of those known under the name of "5 IAM-RI NGSPANN" or of any other type. Each irreversible mechanism has an input shaft, an output shaft and an outer ring. A te irreversible mechanism present ia. property of ensuring the transmission of a movement only of i 1 input shaft in the direction of the output shaft and of opposing on the other hand any transmission of movement in the opposite direction. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the two irreversible mechanisms 12, 13 are coaxial and have the same transverse axis as the two planetary 5, 6 and the two wheel shafts 3, 4. The input shaft 12a of the irreversible mechanism 12 is integral with the wheel shaft 3, the output shaft 12b of this mechanism is integral with the right plate 5 while its outer ring 12c is so¬ lary to the housing holder sateiiites 8 Similarly, the input shaft 13a of the other irreversible mechanism 13 is integral with the other wheel shaft 4, its output shaft 13b is integral with the left sun gear 6 and its outer ring 13c is integral of the planet carrier 8.
Dans ie cas d' n virage, un mouvement relatif en sens inverse des deux roues 1 et 2 par rapport au carter du différentiel a tendance à se créer. Dans ce cas ies arbres de roues 3, 4 exercent une fonction motrice et iis entraî¬ nent par conséquent ies arbres de sortie 12b, 13b, c'est-à- dire ies deux planétaires 5, 6 en sens- inverse l'un de l'au¬ tre, si bien que ie différentiel fonctionne normalement. En effet ia transmission des mouvements des arbres d'entrée 12a, 13a aux arbres de sortie respectifs 12b, 13b des méca¬ nismes irréversibles 12, 13 s'effectuent normalement, puis¬ que ies arbres d'entrée sont moteurs.In the case of a turn, a relative movement in the opposite direction of the two wheels 1 and 2 with respect to the differential housing tends to be created. In this case, the wheel shafts 3, 4 exert a driving function and therefore lead to the output shafts 12b, 13b, that is to say the two planetary gears 5, 6 in opposite direction, one of the other, so that the differential operates normally. In fact, the transmission of the movements of the input shafts 12a, 13a to the respective output shafts 12b, 13b of the irreversible mechanisms 12, 13 are carried out normally, since the input shafts are driving.
Par contre, dans tous ies a tres cas de fonction¬ nement, quand ies bagues extérieures 12c, 13c des deux méca- nismes irréversibles 12, 13 qui sont solidaires du boîtier porte-sateiiites 8 et donc entraînées par ia couronne 9, deviennent motrices, ies deux mécanismes irréversibles 12, 13 sont bloqués en établissant ainsi ui.≈. l iaison rigide entre leurs arbres de sortie et leurs arbres d'entrée* si bien que ies deux arbres de roues 3, 4 forment un seul et même arbre rigide, ce qui évite tout patinage intempestif de l' ne ou l'a tre roue. Dans ia variante d'exécution illustrée sur ia figurOn the other hand, in all ies a very functional case, when the outer rings 12c, 13c of the two irreversible mechanisms 12, 13 which are integral with the sateiiite housing 8 and therefore driven by the crown 9, become driven, ies two irreversible mechanisms 12, 13 are blocked thereby establishing ui.≈. the rigid link between their output shafts and their input shafts * so that the two wheel shafts 3, 4 form a single rigid shaft, which avoids any untimely slippage of the wheel or the wheel . In ia variant execution illustrated on ia figur
2 ies deux planétaires 15, 16, respectivement' solidaires de arbres de roues 3, 4, sont constitués par des engrenage droits et avec ces planétaires sont en prise des satellite 17, 18 également constitués par des engrenages droits d'axe parallèles à l'axe transversal des roues 1, 2. Le satellit 17 est solidaire de l'arbre d'entrée 19a d'un mécanism irréversible 19 comportant un arbre de sortie 19b et un bague externe 19c, cette bague étant solidaire du boîtier portant ia couronne d'entraînement 9. L'autre satellite 1 est également solidaire de i'arbre d'entrée 22a d'un méca nisme irréversible 22 comportant un arbre de sortie 22b e une bague extérieure 22c solidaire du boîtier 8 entraîné e rotation. Les arbres de sortie respectifs 19b et 22b de deux mécanismes irréversibles 19, 22 sont respectivemen solidaires de deux pignons droits 23, 24 de même diamètr primitif, en prise i ' un avec l'autre et formant un couple d synchronisation ou d'inversion de sens.2 ies two planetary 15, 16, respectively ' integral with wheel shafts 3, 4, are constituted by spur gears and with these planets are engaged by the satellites 17, 18 also constituted by spur gears with an axis parallel to the transverse axis of the wheels 1, 2. The satellite 17 is integral with the input shaft 19a of an irreversible mechanism 19 comprising an output shaft 19b and an external ring 19c, this ring being integral with the housing carrying the crown of drive 9. The other satellite 1 is also integral with the input shaft 22a of an irreversible mechanism 22 comprising an output shaft 22b and an outer ring 22c integral with the housing 8 driven by rotation. The respective output shafts 19b and 22b of two irreversible mechanisms 19, 22 are respectively secured to two straight pinions 23, 24 of the same original diameter, engaged with each other and forming a synchronization or inversion torque of meaning.
Le différentiel représenté sur ia figure 2 fonction ne de ia même manière que celui illustré sur ia figure 1 En effet, dans ie cas d'un virage, ies de x planétaires 15 16 ont tendance à tourner en sens inverse, ils entraînen ies satellites respectifs 17, 18 qui h leur tour, au traver des mécanismes irréversibles 19, 22, font tourner en sen in verse ies deux pignons droits 23, 24. Dans tous ie autres cas de fonctionnement aucun mouvement relatif n'es possible entre ies deux pignons de renvoi 23, 24, ies bague externes 19c, 22c des mécanismes irr versibles 19, 22 et l boîtier 8 du diff rentiel: tout se .passe alors comme si ie deux axes de roues 3, 4 étaient solidaires l'un de l'autre si bien que ie patinage d'une roue devient alors impossibleThe differential shown in ia figure 2 function ia in the same way as that illustrated in ia figure 1 Indeed, in the case of a turn, the planetary xies 15 16 tend to turn in opposite direction, they drive the respective satellites 17, 18 which in turn, through irreversible mechanisms 19, 22, cause two right pinions 23, 24 to rotate in opposite directions. In all other cases of operation no relative movement is possible between the two pinions return 23, 24, ies external ring 19c, 22c of the irreversible mechanisms 19, 22 and the housing 8 of the differential: everything then happens as if two wheel axles 3, 4 were integral with one another so that spinning a wheel becomes impossible
Dans ia variante d'exécution illustrée sur ia figurIn ia variant execution illustrated on ia figur
3 le différentiel comporte deux mécanismes irr ersibles 25 26 associés à deux satellites 7, 7a constitués par des pi gnons coniques respectivement en prise avec ies deux plané taires 5, 6 et d'axes perpendiculaires à i'axe transversa de ces planétaires. Pius particui ièr.ement ies deux satel lites 7, 7a sont solidaires des arbres d'entrée 25a, 26a de deux mécanismes irréversibles 25, 26, ies arbres de sorti 25b, 26b de ceux-ci sont solidaires de deux pignons droit 27, 28, de même diamètre primitif, en prise avec un mêm pignon intermédiaire 29. Les bagues externes 25c, 26c des deux mécanismes irréversibles 25, 26 sont solidaire du boî tier 8 portant ia couronne d'entraînement 9. On voit que dans cette solution ies axes des deux mécanismes irréversi¬ bles 25, 26 sont disposés radiaiement par rapport aux deux arbres de roues 3, 4.3 the differential comprises two ir ersible mechanisms 25 26 associated with two satellites 7, 7a constituted by conical pins respectively engaged with ies two planetaries 5, 6 and axes perpendicular to the transverse axis of these planets. More particularly, two satelites 7, 7a are integral with the input shafts 25a, 26a of two irreversible mechanisms 25, 26, the output shafts 25b, 26b thereof are integral with two straight pinions 27, 28, of the same pitch diameter, engaged with the same intermediate pinion 29. The outer rings 25c, 26c of the two irreversible mechanisms 25, 26 are integral with the box 8 carrying the drive ring 9. It can be seen that in this solution the axes of the two irreversible mechanisms 25, 26 are arranged radially with respect to the two wheel shafts 3, 4.
Le fonctionnement du différentiel représenté sur ia figure 3 est ie même que celui des différentiels précédem¬ ment décrits. The operation of the differential shown in FIG. 3 is the same as that of the previously described differentials.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1.- Différentiel pour véhicule automobile comportan à l'intérieur d'un carter, deux planétaires coaxiaux de mêm axe transversai, respectivement solidaires de deux arbre 5 transversaux d'entraînement des roues motrices, et une cou ronne d'entraînement de même axe transversai que ies plané taires, laquelle est accouplée à l'arbre de transmissio relié au moteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux mé canismes irréversibles (12,13; 19,22; 25,26) c'est-à-dir 0 qui ne peuvent transmettre un mouvement de rotation que dan un seul sens, d'un arbre d'entrée vers un arbre de sortie et s'opposent à toute transmission de mouvement en sen inverse, -les bagues extérieures (12c, 13c; 19c,22c; 25c,26c de ces mécanismes irréversibles étant solidaires du boîtie 5 porte-sateiiites (8) iui-même solidaire de ia couronne d'en traînement (9), ces mécanismes irréversibles autorisant e cas de virage, une rotation relative des planétaires (5,6 en sens inverse l'un de l'autre et bloquant par contre, dan tous ies autres cas de fonctionnement, ies deux planétaire 0 (5,6) i'un par rapport à i'autre en formant ainsi un seu arbre rigide avec ies deux arbres d'en raînement des roue motrices (1,2) .CLAIMS 1.- Differential for a motor vehicle comprising, inside a casing, two coaxial planetaries of the same transverse axis, respectively integral with two transverse shaft 5 for driving the driving wheels, and a drive column of the same axis transverse than the planar, which is coupled to the transmission shaft connected to the motor, characterized in that it comprises two irreversible mechanisms (12,13; 19,22; 25,26), that is to say 0 which can only transmit a rotational movement in one direction, from an input shaft to an output shaft and oppose any motion transmission in reverse, -the outer rings (12c, 13c; 19c , 22c; 25c, 26c of these irreversible mechanisms being integral with the housing 5 carrier-sateiiites (8) iui itself integral with the drive crown (9), these irreversible mechanisms authorizing in the event of a turn, a relative rotation of the planetary (5.6 in reverse one of e the other and blocking on the other hand, in all ies other operating cases, ies two planetary 0 (5,6) i'un compared to the other thus forming a single rigid shaft with ies two shafts drive wheels (1,2).
2.- Différentiel suivant ia revendication 1 carac térisé en ce que ies deux mécanismes irr versibles (11,122.- Differential according to claim 1 characterized in that the two irreversible mechanisms (11,12
25 sont coaxiaux et ont ie même axe transversal que ies deu planétaires (5,6) et ies deux arbres de roues (3,4) , l'ar bre d'entrée (12a) du premier mécanisme irréversible (12 est solidaire d'un arbre de roue (3) , l'arbre de sortie (2b de ce mécanisme est solidaire d'un premier planétaire (525 are coaxial and have the same transverse axis as the two planets (5,6) and the two wheel shafts (3,4), the input shaft (12a) of the first irreversible mechanism (12 is integral with a wheel shaft (3), the output shaft (2b of this mechanism is integral with a first sun gear (5
30 tandis que sa bague -extérieure (12c) est solidaire du boî tier por e-sateiiites (8) , et i' arbre d'entrée (13a) d second mécanisme irréversible (13) est solidaire de i'autr arbre de roue (4) , son arbre de sortie (13b) est solidair du second planétaire (6) et sa bague extérieure (13c) es30 while its outer ring (12c) is secured to the porous door (8), and the input shaft (13a) of the second irreversible mechanism (13) is secured to the other wheel shaft ( 4), its output shaft (13b) is integral with the second sun gear (6) and its outer ring (13c) is
3.5 solidaire du boîtier por e-sateiiites (8) .3.5 secured to the por e-sateiiites box (8).
3.- Différentiel suivant ia revendication 1 carac térisé en ce que ies deux planétaires (15, 16) , respecti vement solidaires des arbres de roues (3, 4) , sont consti3.- Differential according to ia claim 1 charac terized in that ies two planetary (15, 16), respecti vely integral with the wheel shafts (3, 4), are consti
Figure imgf000009_0001
tués par des engrenages droits et avec ces planétaires son en prise des satellites (17, 18) également constitués pa des engrenages droits d'axes parallèles à l'axe transversa des roues (1, 2), ie premier satellite (17) est solidaire d l'arbre d'entrée (19a) d'un premier mécanisme irréversibl (19) comportant un arbre de sortie (19b) et une bague exter ne (19c), cette bague étant solidaire du boîtier (8) portan ia couronne d'entraînement (9), ie second satellite (18) es solidaire de l'arbre d'entrée (22a) d'un second mécanism irréversible (22) comportant un arbre de sortie ( 22b) e une bague extérieure (22c) solidaire du boîtier entraîné e rotation, et ies arbres de sortie respectifs (19b et 22b) des deux mécanismes irr ersibles (19,22) sont respective ment solidaires de deux pignons droits (23,24) de même dia mètre primitif, en prise l'un avec i'autre et formant u couple de synchronisation ou d'inversion de sens.
Figure imgf000009_0001
killed by spur gears and with these planets its engaged satellites (17, 18) also constituted by spur gears with axes parallel to the transverse axis of the wheels (1, 2), ie the first satellite (17) is integral d the input shaft (19a) of a first irreversible mechanism (19) comprising an output shaft (19b) and an outer ring (19c), this ring being integral with the housing (8) bearing ia crown drive (9), ie second satellite (18) is integral with the input shaft (22a) of a second irreversible mechanism (22) comprising an output shaft (22b) and an outer ring (22c) integral with the housing driven in rotation, and the respective output shafts (19b and 22b) of the two ir ersible mechanisms (19,22) are respectively integral with two straight pinions (23,24) of the same original diameter, engaged one with i'autre and forming u couple of synchronization or reversal of direction.
4.- Différentiel suivant ia. revendication 1 carac térisé en ce gu'ii comporte deux mécanismes irréversible (25,26) associés à deux satellites (7,7a) constitués par de pignons coniques respectivement en prise avec ies deux pla nétaires (5,6) et d'axes perpendiculaires à i'axe transver sal de ces planétaires, ies deux satellites (7,7a) son solidaires des arbres d'entrée (25a,26a) de deux mécanisme irréversibles (25,26) , ies arbres de sortie (25b, 6b) d ceux-ci sont solidaires de deux pignons droits (27,28), d même diamètre primitif, en prise avec un même piqnon inter médiaire (29) et ies bagues externes (25c, 26c) des deu mécanismes irr versibles (25,26) sont solidaires du boîtie (8) portant ia couronne d'entraînement ( 9). 4.- Differential according to ia. claim 1 charac terized in that gu'ii comprises two irreversible mechanisms (25,26) associated with two satellites (7,7a) constituted by bevel gears respectively engaged with ies two planetary (5,6) and perpendicular axes at the transverse axis sal of these planets, the two satellites (7.7a) are integral with the input shafts (25a, 26a) of two irreversible mechanisms (25, 26), the output shafts (25b, 6b) d these are integral with two straight pinions (27,28), of the same pitch diameter, engaged with the same intermediate pin (29) and the external rings (25c, 26c) of two irreversible mechanisms (25,26) are integral with the housing (8) carrying the drive ring (9).
PCT/FR1985/000176 1984-06-29 1985-06-28 Differential for motor vehicle WO1986000381A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR84/10323 1984-06-29
FR8410323A FR2566865A1 (en) 1984-06-29 1984-06-29 SELF-LOCKING DIFFERENTIAL FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE

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WO1986000381A1 true WO1986000381A1 (en) 1986-01-16

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3913258A1 (en) * 2020-05-22 2021-11-24 Kontopoulos, Leonidas Kyros Variable torque differential

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR499562A (en) * 1917-07-02 1920-02-14 Johannes Carel Schulmayer Differential for automobiles
FR924180A (en) * 1942-11-26 1947-07-29 Fischer Ag Georg Automatic clutch differential
FR1487360A (en) * 1966-05-02 1967-07-07 Brake for motor vehicle differentials
FR1582404A (en) * 1968-09-26 1969-09-26
DE1625044A1 (en) * 1966-03-25 1970-02-05 Eaton Yale & Towne transmission
FR2380158A1 (en) * 1977-02-12 1978-09-08 Daimler Benz Ag AUTOMATIC LOCKING DIFFERENTIAL FOR VEHICLES, IN PARTICULAR TAPERED GEAR DIFFERENTIAL
FR2530765A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1984-01-27 Grandcler Jacqueline Limited action differential.

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR54178E (en) * 1945-08-16 1948-04-21 Fischer Ag Georg Automatic clutch differential

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR499562A (en) * 1917-07-02 1920-02-14 Johannes Carel Schulmayer Differential for automobiles
FR924180A (en) * 1942-11-26 1947-07-29 Fischer Ag Georg Automatic clutch differential
DE1625044A1 (en) * 1966-03-25 1970-02-05 Eaton Yale & Towne transmission
FR1487360A (en) * 1966-05-02 1967-07-07 Brake for motor vehicle differentials
FR1582404A (en) * 1968-09-26 1969-09-26
FR2380158A1 (en) * 1977-02-12 1978-09-08 Daimler Benz Ag AUTOMATIC LOCKING DIFFERENTIAL FOR VEHICLES, IN PARTICULAR TAPERED GEAR DIFFERENTIAL
FR2530765A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1984-01-27 Grandcler Jacqueline Limited action differential.

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FR2566865A1 (en) 1986-01-03
EP0187793A1 (en) 1986-07-23

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